Evaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá and Cundinamarca: a metafrontier analysis.

The evaluation of educational efficiency has had a long research tra dition identifying determinants in academic performance. This study seeks to determine to what extent the management carried out by the schools to achieve their academic objectives is conditioned by the sector to which they belong,...

Full description

Autores:: Morales Piñero, Juan Carlos

Tipo de recurso:: Part of book

Fecha de publicación:: 2020

Institución:: Universidad Sergio Arboleda

Repositorio:: Repositorio U. Sergio Arboleda

Idioma:: spa

id	sergioarb2_355403000999d8647d224e964539ea73
oai_identifier_str	oai:repository.usergioarboleda.edu.co:11232/1763
network_acronym_str	sergioarb2
network_name_str	Repositorio U. Sergio Arboleda
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv	Evaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá and Cundinamarca: a metafrontier analysis.
title	Evaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá and Cundinamarca: a metafrontier analysis.
spellingShingle	Evaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá and Cundinamarca: a metafrontier analysis. Administración escolar – Cundinamarca Calidad de la educación Educación secundaria Planificación educativa Evaluación educativa Rendimiento académico School management and organization - Cundinamarca Educational quality Education, secondary Educational planning Educational accountability Academic achievement Efficiency meta-border DEA Secondary education
title_short	Evaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá and Cundinamarca: a metafrontier analysis.
title_full	Evaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá and Cundinamarca: a metafrontier analysis.
title_fullStr	Evaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá and Cundinamarca: a metafrontier analysis.
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá and Cundinamarca: a metafrontier analysis.
title_sort	Evaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá and Cundinamarca: a metafrontier analysis.
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Morales Piñero, Juan Carlos
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv	Morales Piñero, Juan Carlos
dc.subject.lemb.spa.fl_str_mv	Administración escolar – Cundinamarca Calidad de la educación Educación secundaria Planificación educativa Evaluación educativa Rendimiento académico
topic	Administración escolar – Cundinamarca Calidad de la educación Educación secundaria Planificación educativa Evaluación educativa Rendimiento académico School management and organization - Cundinamarca Educational quality Education, secondary Educational planning Educational accountability Academic achievement Efficiency meta-border DEA Secondary education
dc.subject.lemb.eng.fl_str_mv	School management and organization - Cundinamarca Educational quality Education, secondary Educational planning Educational accountability Academic achievement
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv	Efficiency meta-border DEA Secondary education
description	The evaluation of educational efficiency has had a long research tra dition identifying determinants in academic performance. This study seeks to determine to what extent the management carried out by the schools to achieve their academic objectives is conditioned by the sector to which they belong, the socioeconomic level of their students, and the technological pieces of equipment. For this purpose, a meta-border analysis with six models is used, applying data envelopment analysis to a population made up of 1.421 schools in Bogotá and Cundinamarca for 2016. The descriptive analysis shows that students by government schools presenting the Saber 11 Test are, on average, 2,4 times reported by non-government schools. The results obtained for the meta-border indicate a general inefficiency level of 16,32%. Inefficiency is reduced to 14,44% when com paring the sector to which the schools belong. Finally, when the sector and the socioeconomic level to which the schools belong are considered, the inefficiency of schools is reduced to 13,24%. The schools that benefited most from this segre gation were the government schools, for which it was possible to determine that up to 30% of their inefficiency is explained by the sector and the socioeconomic level to which they belong. Likewise, it was found that government schools have better computer equipment and therefore are more sensitive to this variable. This leads us to deduce that the government schools would be giving little use to this equipment.
publishDate	2020
dc.date.created.spa.fl_str_mv	2020
dc.date.issued.spa.fl_str_mv	2020-12
dc.date.accessioned.spa.fl_str_mv	2021-10-08T15:37:18Z
dc.date.available.spa.fl_str_mv	2021-10-08T15:37:18Z
dc.type.coarversion.spa.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.coar.*.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_3248
dc.type.redcol.*.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/CAP_LIB
dc.type.local.spa.fl_str_mv	Capítulo de Libro
format	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_3248
dc.identifier.citation.spa.fl_str_mv	Morales Piñero, J.C. (2020). Evaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá and Cundinamarca: a metafrontier analysis. En Molina Bernal, I. A., Morales Piñero, J.C & Rodríguez Jerez, S.A. (compiladores), Importance of ICT in the teaching-learning process: middle and higher education studies (pp. 71-92). Universidad Sergio Arboleda. 10.22518/book/9789585158092
dc.identifier.isbn.spa.fl_str_mv	978-958-5158-09-2
dc.identifier.doi.spa.fl_str_mv	10.22518/book/9789585158092/ch3
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv	instname:Universidad Sergio Arboleda
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv	reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad Sergio Arboleda
dc.identifier.repourl.*.fl_str_mv	repourl: https://repository.usergioarboleda.edu.co/
dc.identifier.url.eng.fl_str_mv	http://hdl.handle.net/11232/1763
identifier_str_mv	Morales Piñero, J.C. (2020). Evaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá and Cundinamarca: a metafrontier analysis. En Molina Bernal, I. A., Morales Piñero, J.C & Rodríguez Jerez, S.A. (compiladores), Importance of ICT in the teaching-learning process: middle and higher education studies (pp. 71-92). Universidad Sergio Arboleda. 10.22518/book/9789585158092 978-958-5158-09-2 10.22518/book/9789585158092/ch3 instname:Universidad Sergio Arboleda reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad Sergio Arboleda repourl: https://repository.usergioarboleda.edu.co/
url	http://hdl.handle.net/11232/1763
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv	spa
language	spa
dc.relation.ispartof.eng.fl_str_mv	Importance of ICT in the teaching-learning process: middle and higher education studies
dc.relation.ispartofseries.spa.fl_str_mv	Serie Investigación
dc.relation.isversionof.spa.fl_str_mv	1
dc.relation.references.eng.fl_str_mv	Agasisti, T. (2017). Management of Higher Education Institutions and the Evaluation of their Efficiency and Performance. Tertiary Education and Management, 23(3), 187-190. doi: 10.1080/13583883.2017.1336250 Borge, L.-E., y Naper, L. R. (2006). Efficiency Potential and Efficiency Variation in Norwegian Lower Secondary Schools. FinanzArchiv, 62(2), 221. doi:10.1628/001522106x120677 Chlebounová, D. (2019). Determination the efficiency of secondary schools in the Pardubice region. Scientific papers of the University of Pardubice. Series D,45, 77-88. Chung, Y. H., Färe, R., y Grosskopf, S. (1997). Productivity and Undesirable Outputs: A Directional Distance Function Approach. Journal of Environmental Management, 51(3), 229-240. doi: 10.1006/JEMA.1997.0146 Färe, R., Grosskopf, S., y Pasurka, C. A. (2007). Environmental production functions and environmental directional distance functions. Energy, 32(7), 1055-1066. doi: 10.1016/J.ENERGY.2006.09.005 Giménez, V., Prieto, W., Prior, D., y Tortosa-Ausina, E. (2019). Evaluation of efficiency in Colombian hospitals: An analysis for the post-reform period. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 65, 20-35. doi: 10.1016/j.seps.2018.02.002 Luenberger, D. G. (1992). New optimality principles for economic efficiency and equilibrium. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 75(2), 221-264. doi: 10.1007/BF00941466 Munoz, D. A., y Queupil, J. P. (2016). Assessing the efficiency of secondary schools in Chile: a data envelopment analysis. Quality Assurance in Education, 24(3), 306-328. doi: 10.1108/QAE-05-2015-0022 O’Donnell, C. J., Rao, D. S. P., y Battese, G. E. (2008). Metafrontier frameworks for the study of firm-level efficiencies and technology ratios. Empirical Economics, 34(2), 231-255. doi: 10.1007/s00181-007-0119-4 Oh, D. (2010). A global Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 34(3), 183-197. doi: 10.1007/s11123-010-0178-y Podinovski, V. V., Ismail, I., Bouzdine-Chameeva, T., y Zhang, W. (2014). Combining the assumptions of variable and constant returns to scale in the efficiency evaluation of secondary schools. European Journal of Operational Research, 239(2), 504-513. doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2014.05.016 Sueyoshi, T., y Goto, M. (2010). Should the US clean air act include CO2 emission control?: Examination by data envelopment analysis. Energy Policy, 38(10), 5902-5911. doi: 10.1016/J.ENPOL.2010.05.044 Vélez, E., y Psacharopoulos, G. (1987). The external efficiency of diversified secondary schools in Colombia. Economics of Education Review, 6(2), 99-110. doi: 10.1016/0272-7757(87)90044-6 Watanabe, M., y Tanaka, K. (2007). Efficiency analysis of Chinese industry: A directional distance function approach. Energy Policy, 35(12), 6323-6331. doi: 10.1016/J.ENPOL.2007.07.013 Witte, K. De, y López-Torres, L. (2017). Efficiency in education: a review of literature and a way forward. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 68(4), 339-363. doi: 10.1057/jors.2015.92
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv	Barrera-Osorio, F., Maldonado, D., y Rodríguez, C. (2012). Calidad de la educación básica y media en Colombia: Diagnóstico y propuestas. Universidad Del Rosario. Escuela de Economía, Documentos, (126), 1-74. Delgado Barrera, M. (2014). La educación básica y media en Colombia: retos en equidad y calidad. Bogotá. Dios Palomares, R., y Martínez Paz, J. M. (2010). Análisis de eficiencia de la industria oleícola desde un enfoque multioutput con distancias econométricas. Revista de Estudios Empresariales. Segunda Época, (1), 54-84. Iregui, A., Melo, L., y Ramos, J. (2007). Análisis de eficiencia de la educación en Colombia. Revista de Economía Del Rosario, 10(1), 21-41. Loaiza Quintero, O. L., e Hincapié Vélez, D. (2016). Un estudio de las brechas municipales en calidad educativa en Colombia: 2000-2012. Ensayos Sobre Política Económica, 34(79), 3-20. doi: 10.1016/j.espe.2016.01.001 Marín González, F., Riquett Escorcia, M., Cecilia Pinto, M., Romero Caballero, S., y Judith Paredes, A. (2017). Gestión participativa y calidad educativa en el contexto del Plan de mejoramiento institucional en escuelas colombianas. Opción, 33(82), 344-365. Marly, T., Jiménez, O., y Jaramillo, J. F. (2012). ¿Cuál es la brecha de la calidad educativa en Colombia en la educación media y en la superior? En ICFES (Ed.), Estudios sobre calidad de la educación en Colombia (pp. 67-98). Bogotá, Colombia: ICFES. Salazar Cuéllar, A. F. (2014). La eficiencia del gasto público educativo en Latinoamérica y lecciones para Colombia. Desarrollo y Sociedad, (74), 19-67. doi: 10.13043/DYS.74.1 Seijas Díaz, A. (2004). Evaluación de la eficiencia en la educación secundaria. Coruña, España: Netbiblio.
dc.relation.citationstartpage.spa.fl_str_mv	71
dc.relation.citationendpage.spa.fl_str_mv	92
dc.rights.license.*.fl_str_mv	Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia (CC BY-NC-ND 2.5 CO)
dc.rights.uri.*.fl_str_mv	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/
dc.rights.acceso.spa.fl_str_mv	Abierto (Texto Completo)
dc.rights.accesRights.spa.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.creativecommons.spa.fl_str_mv	Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
dc.rights.coar.*.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
rights_invalid_str_mv	Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia (CC BY-NC-ND 2.5 CO) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/ Abierto (Texto Completo) Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv	openAccess
dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv	21
dc.format.medium.spa.fl_str_mv	Digital
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv	application/pdf
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv	Universidad Sergio Arboleda
dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv	Escuela de Filosofía y Humanidades., Escuela de Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería., Escuela de Educación
institution	Universidad Sergio Arboleda
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv	https://repository.usergioarboleda.edu.co/bitstream/11232/1763/4/Evaluating%20the%20Efficiency%20of%20schools%20in%20Bogot%c3%a1.pdf https://repository.usergioarboleda.edu.co/bitstream/11232/1763/3/Evaluating%20the%20Efficiency%20of%20schools%20in%20Bogot%c3%a1.pdf.jpg https://repository.usergioarboleda.edu.co/bitstream/11232/1763/2/license.txt
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv	2fe7940affa4af82146deff9c0c457d6 fb8039de614428ced73b201687050ccd 08af4d860568f825b35a06c69dc734dc
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv	MD5 MD5 MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv	Repositorio Institucional Universidad Sergio Arboleda
repository.mail.fl_str_mv	dspace-help@myu.edu
_version_	1814076317219422208
spelling	Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia (CC BY-NC-ND 2.5 CO)http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/Abierto (Texto Completo)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombiahttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Morales Piñero, Juan Carlos2021-10-08T15:37:18Z2021-10-08T15:37:18Z20202020-12Morales Piñero, J.C. (2020). Evaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá and Cundinamarca: a metafrontier analysis. En Molina Bernal, I. A., Morales Piñero, J.C & Rodríguez Jerez, S.A. (compiladores), Importance of ICT in the teaching-learning process: middle and higher education studies (pp. 71-92). Universidad Sergio Arboleda. 10.22518/book/9789585158092978-958-5158-09-210.22518/book/9789585158092/ch3instname:Universidad Sergio Arboledareponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad Sergio Arboledarepourl: https://repository.usergioarboleda.edu.co/http://hdl.handle.net/11232/1763The evaluation of educational efficiency has had a long research tra dition identifying determinants in academic performance. This study seeks to determine to what extent the management carried out by the schools to achieve their academic objectives is conditioned by the sector to which they belong, the socioeconomic level of their students, and the technological pieces of equipment. For this purpose, a meta-border analysis with six models is used, applying data envelopment analysis to a population made up of 1.421 schools in Bogotá and Cundinamarca for 2016. The descriptive analysis shows that students by government schools presenting the Saber 11 Test are, on average, 2,4 times reported by non-government schools. The results obtained for the meta-border indicate a general inefficiency level of 16,32%. Inefficiency is reduced to 14,44% when com paring the sector to which the schools belong. Finally, when the sector and the socioeconomic level to which the schools belong are considered, the inefficiency of schools is reduced to 13,24%. The schools that benefited most from this segre gation were the government schools, for which it was possible to determine that up to 30% of their inefficiency is explained by the sector and the socioeconomic level to which they belong. Likewise, it was found that government schools have better computer equipment and therefore are more sensitive to this variable. This leads us to deduce that the government schools would be giving little use to this equipment.21Digitalapplication/pdfspaUniversidad Sergio ArboledaEscuela de Filosofía y Humanidades., Escuela de Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería., Escuela de EducaciónImportance of ICT in the teaching-learning process: middle and higher education studiesSerie Investigación1Agasisti, T. (2017). Management of Higher Education Institutions and the Evaluation of their Efficiency and Performance. Tertiary Education and Management, 23(3), 187-190. doi: 10.1080/13583883.2017.1336250Borge, L.-E., y Naper, L. R. (2006). Efficiency Potential and Efficiency Variation in Norwegian Lower Secondary Schools. FinanzArchiv, 62(2), 221. doi:10.1628/001522106x120677Chlebounová, D. (2019). Determination the efficiency of secondary schools in the Pardubice region. Scientific papers of the University of Pardubice. Series D,45, 77-88.Chung, Y. H., Färe, R., y Grosskopf, S. (1997). Productivity and Undesirable Outputs: A Directional Distance Function Approach. Journal of Environmental Management, 51(3), 229-240. doi: 10.1006/JEMA.1997.0146Färe, R., Grosskopf, S., y Pasurka, C. A. (2007). Environmental production functions and environmental directional distance functions. Energy, 32(7), 1055-1066. doi: 10.1016/J.ENERGY.2006.09.005Giménez, V., Prieto, W., Prior, D., y Tortosa-Ausina, E. (2019). Evaluation of efficiency in Colombian hospitals: An analysis for the post-reform period. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 65, 20-35. doi: 10.1016/j.seps.2018.02.002Luenberger, D. G. (1992). New optimality principles for economic efficiency and equilibrium. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 75(2), 221-264. doi: 10.1007/BF00941466Munoz, D. A., y Queupil, J. P. (2016). Assessing the efficiency of secondary schools in Chile: a data envelopment analysis. Quality Assurance in Education, 24(3), 306-328. doi: 10.1108/QAE-05-2015-0022O’Donnell, C. J., Rao, D. S. P., y Battese, G. E. (2008). Metafrontier frameworks for the study of firm-level efficiencies and technology ratios. Empirical Economics, 34(2), 231-255. doi: 10.1007/s00181-007-0119-4Oh, D. (2010). A global Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 34(3), 183-197. doi: 10.1007/s11123-010-0178-yPodinovski, V. V., Ismail, I., Bouzdine-Chameeva, T., y Zhang, W. (2014). Combining the assumptions of variable and constant returns to scale in the efficiency evaluation of secondary schools. European Journal of Operational Research, 239(2), 504-513. doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2014.05.016Sueyoshi, T., y Goto, M. (2010). Should the US clean air act include CO2 emission control?: Examination by data envelopment analysis. Energy Policy, 38(10), 5902-5911. doi: 10.1016/J.ENPOL.2010.05.044Vélez, E., y Psacharopoulos, G. (1987). The external efficiency of diversified secondary schools in Colombia. Economics of Education Review, 6(2), 99-110. doi: 10.1016/0272-7757(87)90044-6Watanabe, M., y Tanaka, K. (2007). Efficiency analysis of Chinese industry: A directional distance function approach. Energy Policy, 35(12), 6323-6331. doi: 10.1016/J.ENPOL.2007.07.013Witte, K. De, y López-Torres, L. (2017). Efficiency in education: a review of literature and a way forward. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 68(4), 339-363. doi: 10.1057/jors.2015.92Barrera-Osorio, F., Maldonado, D., y Rodríguez, C. (2012). Calidad de la educación básica y media en Colombia: Diagnóstico y propuestas. Universidad Del Rosario. Escuela de Economía, Documentos, (126), 1-74.Delgado Barrera, M. (2014). La educación básica y media en Colombia: retos en equidad y calidad. Bogotá.Dios Palomares, R., y Martínez Paz, J. M. (2010). Análisis de eficiencia de la industria oleícola desde un enfoque multioutput con distancias econométricas. Revista de Estudios Empresariales. Segunda Época, (1), 54-84.Iregui, A., Melo, L., y Ramos, J. (2007). Análisis de eficiencia de la educación en Colombia. Revista de Economía Del Rosario, 10(1), 21-41.Loaiza Quintero, O. L., e Hincapié Vélez, D. (2016). Un estudio de las brechas municipales en calidad educativa en Colombia: 2000-2012. Ensayos Sobre Política Económica, 34(79), 3-20. doi: 10.1016/j.espe.2016.01.001Marín González, F., Riquett Escorcia, M., Cecilia Pinto, M., Romero Caballero, S., y Judith Paredes, A. (2017). Gestión participativa y calidad educativa en el contexto del Plan de mejoramiento institucional en escuelas colombianas. Opción, 33(82), 344-365.Marly, T., Jiménez, O., y Jaramillo, J. F. (2012). ¿Cuál es la brecha de la calidad educativa en Colombia en la educación media y en la superior? En ICFES (Ed.), Estudios sobre calidad de la educación en Colombia (pp. 67-98). Bogotá, Colombia: ICFES.Salazar Cuéllar, A. F. (2014). La eficiencia del gasto público educativo en Latinoamérica y lecciones para Colombia. Desarrollo y Sociedad, (74), 19-67. doi: 10.13043/DYS.74.1Seijas Díaz, A. (2004). Evaluación de la eficiencia en la educación secundaria. Coruña, España: Netbiblio.7192Evaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá and Cundinamarca: a metafrontier analysis.Administración escolar – CundinamarcaCalidad de la educaciónEducación secundariaPlanificación educativaEvaluación educativaRendimiento académicoSchool management and organization - CundinamarcaEducational qualityEducation, secondaryEducational planningEducational accountabilityAcademic achievementEfficiencymeta-borderDEASecondary educationhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_3248http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/CAP_LIBCapítulo de LibroORIGINALEvaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá.pdfEvaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá.pdfCapítulo de libroapplication/pdf6628942https://repository.usergioarboleda.edu.co/bitstream/11232/1763/4/Evaluating%20the%20Efficiency%20of%20schools%20in%20Bogot%c3%a1.pdf2fe7940affa4af82146deff9c0c457d6MD54open accessTHUMBNAILEvaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá.pdf.jpgEvaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg19424https://repository.usergioarboleda.edu.co/bitstream/11232/1763/3/Evaluating%20the%20Efficiency%20of%20schools%20in%20Bogot%c3%a1.pdf.jpgfb8039de614428ced73b201687050ccdMD53open accessLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81180https://repository.usergioarboleda.edu.co/bitstream/11232/1763/2/license.txt08af4d860568f825b35a06c69dc734dcMD52open access11232/1763oai:repository.usergioarboleda.edu.co:11232/17632023-08-23 09:20:47.504open accessRepositorio Institucional Universidad Sergio Arboledadspace-help@myu.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

Evaluating the Efficiency of schools in Bogotá and Cundinamarca: a metafrontier analysis.

Publicaciones similares