Chemometric Classification of Colombian Cacao Crops : Effects of Different Genotypes and Origins in Different Years of Harvest on Levels of Flavonoid and Methylxanthine Metabolites in Raw Cacao Beans
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of chemical markers in raw cacao beans in two clones (introduced and regional) in Colombia over several years. Multivariate statistical methods were used to analyze the flavanol monomers (epicatechin and catechin), flavanol oligomers (procya...
- Autores:
-
Agudelo Ramírez, Catalina
Muñoz Acevedo, Susana
Carrillo Hormaza, Luis Carlos
Galeano Jaramillo, Elkin de Jesús
Osorio Durango, Edison
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of investigation
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2022
- Institución:
- Universidad de Antioquia
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio UdeA
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co:10495/28574
- Acceso en línea:
- http://hdl.handle.net/10495/28574
- Palabra clave:
- Catequina
Catechin
Cacao
Theobroma cacao
Metilxantinas
Methylxanthines
Procianidina
Procyanidins
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7713
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Atribución 2.5 Colombia
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| dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Chemometric Classification of Colombian Cacao Crops : Effects of Different Genotypes and Origins in Different Years of Harvest on Levels of Flavonoid and Methylxanthine Metabolites in Raw Cacao Beans |
| title |
Chemometric Classification of Colombian Cacao Crops : Effects of Different Genotypes and Origins in Different Years of Harvest on Levels of Flavonoid and Methylxanthine Metabolites in Raw Cacao Beans |
| spellingShingle |
Chemometric Classification of Colombian Cacao Crops : Effects of Different Genotypes and Origins in Different Years of Harvest on Levels of Flavonoid and Methylxanthine Metabolites in Raw Cacao Beans Catequina Catechin Cacao Theobroma cacao Metilxantinas Methylxanthines Procianidina Procyanidins http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7713 |
| title_short |
Chemometric Classification of Colombian Cacao Crops : Effects of Different Genotypes and Origins in Different Years of Harvest on Levels of Flavonoid and Methylxanthine Metabolites in Raw Cacao Beans |
| title_full |
Chemometric Classification of Colombian Cacao Crops : Effects of Different Genotypes and Origins in Different Years of Harvest on Levels of Flavonoid and Methylxanthine Metabolites in Raw Cacao Beans |
| title_fullStr |
Chemometric Classification of Colombian Cacao Crops : Effects of Different Genotypes and Origins in Different Years of Harvest on Levels of Flavonoid and Methylxanthine Metabolites in Raw Cacao Beans |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Chemometric Classification of Colombian Cacao Crops : Effects of Different Genotypes and Origins in Different Years of Harvest on Levels of Flavonoid and Methylxanthine Metabolites in Raw Cacao Beans |
| title_sort |
Chemometric Classification of Colombian Cacao Crops : Effects of Different Genotypes and Origins in Different Years of Harvest on Levels of Flavonoid and Methylxanthine Metabolites in Raw Cacao Beans |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Agudelo Ramírez, Catalina Muñoz Acevedo, Susana Carrillo Hormaza, Luis Carlos Galeano Jaramillo, Elkin de Jesús Osorio Durango, Edison |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Agudelo Ramírez, Catalina Muñoz Acevedo, Susana Carrillo Hormaza, Luis Carlos Galeano Jaramillo, Elkin de Jesús Osorio Durango, Edison |
| dc.subject.decs.none.fl_str_mv |
Catequina Catechin |
| topic |
Catequina Catechin Cacao Theobroma cacao Metilxantinas Methylxanthines Procianidina Procyanidins http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7713 |
| dc.subject.lemb.none.fl_str_mv |
Cacao |
| dc.subject.agrovoc.none.fl_str_mv |
Theobroma cacao |
| dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Metilxantinas Methylxanthines Procianidina Procyanidins |
| dc.subject.agrovocuri.none.fl_str_mv |
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7713 |
| description |
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of chemical markers in raw cacao beans in two clones (introduced and regional) in Colombia over several years. Multivariate statistical methods were used to analyze the flavanol monomers (epicatechin and catechin), flavanol oligomers (procyanidins) and methylxanthine alkaloids (caffeine and theobromine) of cocoa samples. The results identified genotype as the main factor contributing to cacao chemistry, although significant differences were not observed between universal and regional clones in PCA. The univariate analysis allowed us to establish that EET-96 had the highest contents of both flavanol monomers (13.12 ± 2.30 mg/g) and procyanidins (7.56 ± 4.59 mg/g). In addition, the geographic origin, the harvest conditions of each region and the year of harvest may contribute to major discrepancies between results. Turbo cocoa samples are notable for their higher flavanol monomer content, Chigorodó cocoa samples for the presence of both types of polyphenol (monomer and procyanidin contents) and the Northeast cocoa samples for the higher methylxanthine content. We hope that knowledge of the heterogeneity of the metabolites of interest in each clone will contribute to the generation of added value in the cocoa production chain and its sustainability. |
| publishDate |
2022 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-05-23T17:21:48Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-05-23T17:21:48Z |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2022 |
| dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| dc.type.coarversion.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
| dc.type.hasversion.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
| dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv |
https://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART |
| dc.type.local.spa.fl_str_mv |
Artículo de investigación |
| format |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
| status_str |
publishedVersion |
| dc.identifier.citation.spa.fl_str_mv |
Agudelo, C.; Muñoz, S.; Carrillo-Hormaza, L.; Galeano, E.; Osorio, E. Chemometric Classification of Colombian Cacao Crops: Effects of Different Genotypes and Origins in Different Years of Harvest on Levels of Flavonoid and Methylxanthine Metabolites in Raw Cacao Beans. Molecules 2022, 27, 2068. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072068 |
| dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv |
1420-3049 |
| dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10495/28574 |
| dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv |
10.3390/molecules27072068 |
| identifier_str_mv |
Agudelo, C.; Muñoz, S.; Carrillo-Hormaza, L.; Galeano, E.; Osorio, E. Chemometric Classification of Colombian Cacao Crops: Effects of Different Genotypes and Origins in Different Years of Harvest on Levels of Flavonoid and Methylxanthine Metabolites in Raw Cacao Beans. Molecules 2022, 27, 2068. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072068 1420-3049 10.3390/molecules27072068 |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10495/28574 |
| dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
eng |
| language |
eng |
| dc.relation.ispartofjournalabbrev.spa.fl_str_mv |
Molecules |
| dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.rights.*.fl_str_mv |
Atribución 2.5 Colombia |
| dc.rights.uri.*.fl_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/co/ |
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http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
| rights_invalid_str_mv |
Atribución 2.5 Colombia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/co/ http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
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11 |
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application/pdf |
| dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv |
MDPI |
| dc.publisher.group.spa.fl_str_mv |
Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas (GISB) |
| dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv |
Basilea, Suiza |
| institution |
Universidad de Antioquia |
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http://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co/bitstream/10495/28574/1/AguedeloCatalina_2022_ColombianCacaoCrops.pdf http://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co/bitstream/10495/28574/2/license_rdf http://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co/bitstream/10495/28574/3/license.txt |
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MD5 MD5 MD5 |
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Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Antioquia |
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andres.perez@udea.edu.co |
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Agudelo Ramírez, CatalinaMuñoz Acevedo, SusanaCarrillo Hormaza, Luis CarlosGaleano Jaramillo, Elkin de JesúsOsorio Durango, Edison2022-05-23T17:21:48Z2022-05-23T17:21:48Z2022Agudelo, C.; Muñoz, S.; Carrillo-Hormaza, L.; Galeano, E.; Osorio, E. Chemometric Classification of Colombian Cacao Crops: Effects of Different Genotypes and Origins in Different Years of Harvest on Levels of Flavonoid and Methylxanthine Metabolites in Raw Cacao Beans. Molecules 2022, 27, 2068. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules270720681420-3049http://hdl.handle.net/10495/2857410.3390/molecules27072068ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of chemical markers in raw cacao beans in two clones (introduced and regional) in Colombia over several years. Multivariate statistical methods were used to analyze the flavanol monomers (epicatechin and catechin), flavanol oligomers (procyanidins) and methylxanthine alkaloids (caffeine and theobromine) of cocoa samples. The results identified genotype as the main factor contributing to cacao chemistry, although significant differences were not observed between universal and regional clones in PCA. The univariate analysis allowed us to establish that EET-96 had the highest contents of both flavanol monomers (13.12 ± 2.30 mg/g) and procyanidins (7.56 ± 4.59 mg/g). In addition, the geographic origin, the harvest conditions of each region and the year of harvest may contribute to major discrepancies between results. Turbo cocoa samples are notable for their higher flavanol monomer content, Chigorodó cocoa samples for the presence of both types of polyphenol (monomer and procyanidin contents) and the Northeast cocoa samples for the higher methylxanthine content. We hope that knowledge of the heterogeneity of the metabolites of interest in each clone will contribute to the generation of added value in the cocoa production chain and its sustainability.COL001035911application/pdfengMDPIGrupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas (GISB)Basilea, Suizainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1https://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTArtículo de investigaciónhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución 2.5 Colombiahttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/co/http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Chemometric Classification of Colombian Cacao Crops : Effects of Different Genotypes and Origins in Different Years of Harvest on Levels of Flavonoid and Methylxanthine Metabolites in Raw Cacao BeansCatequinaCatechinCacaoTheobroma cacaoMetilxantinasMethylxanthinesProcianidinaProcyanidinshttp://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7713MoleculesMolecules277MincienciasSecretaria de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural de Antioquia111580562947, 80740-014-2019ORIGINALAguedeloCatalina_2022_ColombianCacaoCrops.pdfAguedeloCatalina_2022_ColombianCacaoCrops.pdfArtículo de investigaciónapplication/pdf7847549http://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co/bitstream/10495/28574/1/AguedeloCatalina_2022_ColombianCacaoCrops.pdf35650c8c2fe53d79f829c847341c4c6eMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8927http://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co/bitstream/10495/28574/2/license_rdf1646d1f6b96dbbbc38035efc9239ac9cMD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748http://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co/bitstream/10495/28574/3/license.txt8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD5310495/28574oai:bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co:10495/285742022-05-23 12:21:51.578Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Antioquiaandres.perez@udea.edu.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 |