The lived experience of a teacher of english while generating efl students’ motivation: a phenomenological study

Motivation is considered an important prime mover for all human activity and therefore also for learning in school, foreign language teachers play a vital role in the students’ foreign language learning process. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe the perceptions of a teacher...

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Autores:
Vellojín Zarco, Diana Marcela
Hernández Pacheco, Mara Selena
Tipo de recurso:
Trabajo de grado de pregrado
Fecha de publicación:
2022
Institución:
Universidad de Córdoba
Repositorio:
Repositorio Institucional Unicórdoba
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co:ucordoba/6226
Acceso en línea:
https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/6226
Palabra clave:
Desmotivación de los estudiantes
Motivación
Aprendizaje de inglés
Profesores de inglés
Students’ demotivation
Motivation
English learning
English teachers
Rights
openAccess
License
Copyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2022
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dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv The lived experience of a teacher of english while generating efl students’ motivation: a phenomenological study
title The lived experience of a teacher of english while generating efl students’ motivation: a phenomenological study
spellingShingle The lived experience of a teacher of english while generating efl students’ motivation: a phenomenological study
Desmotivación de los estudiantes
Motivación
Aprendizaje de inglés
Profesores de inglés
Students’ demotivation
Motivation
English learning
English teachers
title_short The lived experience of a teacher of english while generating efl students’ motivation: a phenomenological study
title_full The lived experience of a teacher of english while generating efl students’ motivation: a phenomenological study
title_fullStr The lived experience of a teacher of english while generating efl students’ motivation: a phenomenological study
title_full_unstemmed The lived experience of a teacher of english while generating efl students’ motivation: a phenomenological study
title_sort The lived experience of a teacher of english while generating efl students’ motivation: a phenomenological study
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Vellojín Zarco, Diana Marcela
Hernández Pacheco, Mara Selena
dc.contributor.advisor.spa.fl_str_mv Aguas Castillo, Pedro Pablo
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Vellojín Zarco, Diana Marcela
Hernández Pacheco, Mara Selena
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv Desmotivación de los estudiantes
Motivación
Aprendizaje de inglés
Profesores de inglés
topic Desmotivación de los estudiantes
Motivación
Aprendizaje de inglés
Profesores de inglés
Students’ demotivation
Motivation
English learning
English teachers
dc.subject.keywords.eng.fl_str_mv Students’ demotivation
Motivation
English learning
English teachers
description Motivation is considered an important prime mover for all human activity and therefore also for learning in school, foreign language teachers play a vital role in the students’ foreign language learning process. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe the perceptions of a teacher of English concerning his experience to generate motivation in his demotivated students. The study employed Colazzi’s seven-steps method of phenomenological analysis. The researchers collected the data through semi-structured interviews following Seidman’s model and also using reflective diaries. Four themes emerged from the data: (a) being a father and a psychologist in the classroom, (b) a sense of mixed feelings, (c) a struggle for fulfilling a pedagogical role, and (d) Students-centeredness and integratedness in foreign language education. The completion of this study is meaningful to the stakeholders, especially secondary school teachers who can find it helpful to their process of teaching, in order to keep their pupils’ motivation in learning English.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2022-08-03T17:13:39Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2022-08-03T17:13:39Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2022-07-29
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Trabajo de grado - Pregrado
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dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
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dc.publisher.faculty.spa.fl_str_mv Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Humanas
dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv Montería, Córdoba, Colombia
dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv Licenciatura en Lenguas Extranjeras con Énfasis en Inglés
institution Universidad de Córdoba
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spelling Aguas Castillo, Pedro Pablo3296bbd2-4f45-427f-8228-f9d9e692b251-1Vellojín Zarco, Diana Marcela42a7d08e-df3d-4589-b8e4-d8d305057d07-1Hernández Pacheco, Mara Selena2cc75b64-839c-499e-9888-6a2fc3ac7ecc-12022-08-03T17:13:39Z2022-08-03T17:13:39Z2022-07-29https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/6226Motivation is considered an important prime mover for all human activity and therefore also for learning in school, foreign language teachers play a vital role in the students’ foreign language learning process. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe the perceptions of a teacher of English concerning his experience to generate motivation in his demotivated students. The study employed Colazzi’s seven-steps method of phenomenological analysis. The researchers collected the data through semi-structured interviews following Seidman’s model and also using reflective diaries. Four themes emerged from the data: (a) being a father and a psychologist in the classroom, (b) a sense of mixed feelings, (c) a struggle for fulfilling a pedagogical role, and (d) Students-centeredness and integratedness in foreign language education. The completion of this study is meaningful to the stakeholders, especially secondary school teachers who can find it helpful to their process of teaching, in order to keep their pupils’ motivation in learning English.1. Introduction................................................................................................................... 82. Theoretical Framework .............................................................................................. 122.1. Conceptual Framework .......................................................................................................... 122.1.1. Motivation and Demotivation in Foreign Language Learning Process........................... 122.1.2. Types of Motivation........................................................................................................ 122.1.2.1. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation. .............................................................................. 132.1.3. The teacher’s role as a motivator .................................................................................... 132.2. Literature Review................................................................................................................... 143. Methodology ................................................................................................................ 183.1. Type of study.......................................................................................................................... 183.2. Research Context and Participants......................................................................................... 193.3. Data Collection....................................................................................................................... 203.4. Data Analysis......................................................................................................................... 214. Findings........................................................................................................................ 234.1. Being a father and a psychologist in the classroom. .............................................................. 234.2. A sense of mixed feelings. ..................................................................................................... 244.3. A struggle for fulfilling a pedagogical role............................................................................ 254.4. Student-centeredness and integratedness in foreign language education............................... 274.5. Fundamental structure............................................................................................................ 285. Discussion..................................................................................................................... 306. Reflection...................................................................................................................... 367. Conclusions.................................................................................................................. 388. References.................................................................................................................... 409. Appendixes................................................................................................................... 45La motivación se considera un motor principal importante para toda actividad humana y, por lo tanto, también para el aprendizaje en la escuela, los profesores de lenguas extranjeras juegan un papel vital en el proceso de aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras de los estudiantes. El propósito de este estudio fenomenológico fue describir las percepciones de un docente de inglés acerca de su experiencia para generar motivación en sus estudiantes desmotivados. El estudio empleó el método de análisis fenomenológico de los siete pasos de Colazzi. Los investigadores recolectaron los datos a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas siguiendo el modelo de Seidman y también utilizando diarios reflexivos. De los datos surgieron cuatro temas: (a) ser padre y psicólogo en el aula, (b) una sensación de sentimientos encontrados, (c) una lucha por cumplir un rol pedagógico, y (d) Centrarse en los estudiantes e integración en enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras. La finalización de este estudio es significativa para las partes interesadas, especialmente para los docentes de secundaria, quienes pueden encontrarlo útil para su proceso de enseñanza, a fin de mantener la motivación de sus estudiantes en el aprendizaje del inglés.PregradoLicenciado(a) en Lenguas Extranjeras con Énfasis en InglésMonografíasapplication/pdfengCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2022https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2The lived experience of a teacher of english while generating efl students’ motivation: a phenomenological studyTrabajo de grado - Pregradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesishttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fTexthttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TPhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_71e4c1898caa6e32Desmotivación de los estudiantesMotivaciónAprendizaje de inglésProfesores de inglésStudents’ demotivationMotivationEnglish learningEnglish teachersFacultad de Educación y Ciencias HumanasMontería, Córdoba, ColombiaLicenciatura en Lenguas Extranjeras con Énfasis en InglésArafat, S. (2005). The roles of English language teachers as perceived by learners of English as a foreign language at An-Najah National University.Abaunza, G. A., Martínez Abad, F., Rodríguez Conde, M. J., & Avalos Obregon, M. D. (2020). Demotivating Factors in Learning English as a Foreign Language: Case in Colombian vulnerable rural schools. Revista Espacios, 41(04).Bastidas, J. A., & Muñoz I. G. (2011). A Diagnosis of English Language Teaching in Public Elementary Schools in Pasto, Colombia. How Journal, 18(1), 95-111. https://www.howjournalcolombia.org/index.php/how/article/view/54Bastidas M. J. G., & Jiménez S. J. (2021). Language education policy in Colombia: analysis of the academic literature on National Bilingualism Program. Tonos digital, (41),1- 31.Colaizzi, P.F. (1978). Psychological research as a phenomenologist views it. In: Valle, R.S. and King, M. (Eds.), Existential-Phenomenological Alternatives for Psychology, Oxford University Press, New York, 48-71.Cabiladas, M. R. P. (2020). Lived Experiences Of Filipino Teachers Teaching English In A Bilingual And English Program In Government Schools Of Thailand: A Phenomenology Inquiry [Doctoral Dissertation]. Thammasat University.Çankaya, P. (2018). Demotivation factors in foreign language learning. Journal of Foreign Language Education and Technology, 3(1), 1-17.Chunmei, L., Zhu, M., & Liping, C. (2013). The Study of Student Motivation on English Learning in Junior Middle School -- A Case Study of No.5 Middle School in Gejiu. Canadian Center of Science and Education, 6(9), 136-145.Clément, R., Gardner, R. C., & Smythe, P. C. (1980). Social and individual factors in second language acquisition. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 12(4), 293.Copland, F., Garton, S., & Burns, A. (2014). Challenges in teaching English to young learners: Global perspectives and local realities. Tesol quarterly, 48(4), 738-762.Dörnyei, Z. (1990). Conceptualizing motivation in foreign‐language learning. Language learning, 40(1), 45-78.Dörnyei, Z. (1994). Motivation and motivating in the foreign language classroom. The modern language journal, 78(3), 273-284.Dörnyei, Z. (1998). Motivation in second and foreign language learning. Language Teaching, 31(3), 117-135.Dörnyei, Z. (2001). New themes and approaches in second language motivation research. Annual review of applied linguistics, 21, 43-59.Dunn, K., & amp; Rakes, G. (2010). Learner-centeredness and teacher efficacy: Predicting teachers’ consequence concerns regarding the use of technology in the classroom. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 18(1), 57-83.Falout, J., Elwood, J., & Hood, M. (2009). Demotivation: Affective states and learning outcomes. System, 37(3), 403-417.Fandiño Parra, Y., Bermúdez, J., & Lugo, V. (2012). The challenges facing the National Program for Bilingualism. Bilingual Colombia, 363-381.Gilakjani, A. P., Lai-Mei, L., & Sabouri, N. B. (2012). A study on the role of motivation in foreign language learning and teaching. International Journal of Modern Education and Computer Science, 4(7), 9-16.Gill, P., Stewart, K., Treasure, E., & Chadwick, B. (2008, March 22). Methods of data collection in qualitative research: interviews and focus groups. British Dental Journal, 204(6), 291-295.Hancock, B. (1998). An Introduction to Qualitative Research. Trend Focus Group, 1-27.Hu, R. J. S. (2011). The Relationship between Demotivation and EFL Learners' English Language Proficiency. English Language Teaching, 4(4), 88-96.Ilter, B. (2009). Effect of Technology on Motivativation in EFL classrooms. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education., 10(4), 136-158.Johnson, D. (2017). The Role of Teachers in Motivating Students To Learn. BU Journal of Graduate Studies in Education, 9(1), 46-49.Khan, I. A. (2011). Challenges of teaching/learning English and management. Global Journal of Human Social Science, 11(8), 69-80.Kim, T. Y., & Seo, H. S. (2012). Elementary School Students' Foreign Language Learning Demotivation: A Mixed Methods Study of Korean EFL Context. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 21(1) 160-171.Mapp, T. (2008, May). Understanding Phenomenology: The Lived Experience. British Journal of Midwifery, 16(5), 308-311.Machfudi, M. I. (2016). Issues and Challenges in Maintaining Motivation to Learn English in Rural Madrasah Context. IJET (Indonesian Journal of English Teaching), 5(2), 173-183.National Ministry of Education, (2016). Pedagogical principles and guidelines of the suggested curriculum. www.colombiaaprende.edu.co/colombiabilingue.Ortlipp, M. (2008). Keeping and Using Reflective Journals in the Qualitative Research Process. The Qualitative Report, 13(4), 695-705.Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2009). Qualitative Designs and Approaches. Essentials of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice (pp. 259-283). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.Seidman, I. (2006). Interviewing as qualitative research: A guide for researchers in education and the social sciences. Teachers College Press.Seven, M. A. (2020). Motivation in Language Learning and Teaching. African Educational Research Journal, 8, 62-71.Szklarski, A. (2011). Pupils’ experience of being motivated to learn in school: An empirical phenomenological study. Teaching Science, 57(1), 43-47.Saranraj, L., & Shahila, Z. (2016). Motivation in second language learning–a retrospect. International Interdisciplinary Research Journal, 4(1), 7-13.Stojiljković, S., Djigić, G., & Zlatković, B. (2012). Empathy and teachers’ roles. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 69, 960-966Thohir, L. (2017). Motivation in a foreign language teaching and learning. Vision: Journal For language and foreign language learning, 6(1), 20-29.Vidak, N., & Sindik, J. (2018). English language learning demotivation at university students. Collegium antropologicum, 42(2), 111-116.Win, M. M. (2018). Motivational Factors to Promote Students’ Interest and Involvement in Teaching-Learning English. People: International Journal of Social Sciences, 4(3), 224-237Xaypanya, V., Mohamed Ismail, S. A. M., & Low, H. M. (2017). Demotivation experienced by English as foreign language (EFL) learners in the Lao PDR. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 26(6), 361-368.Xu, R., & Huang, L. (2010). The Role of Teachers in College English Classroom--From the Perspective of Affect. International Education Studies, 3(3), 192-194.Yusuf, Y. Q., Inayah, N., & Mutiarani, M. (2020). Teachers & 39; reinforcement: Building students motivation to learn English. 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