Learning english vocabulary through musical activities.

En este proyecto de investigación acción el lector encontrará una propuesta innovadora para enseñar inglés como lengua extranjera a estudiantes de primer ciclo en la Institución Educativa Distrital Rafael Bernal Jiménez usando la inteligencia musical como didáctica. Para realizar el análisis de dato...

Full description

Autores:
Muñoz Narváez, Gisselle Victoria
Tipo de recurso:
Trabajo de grado de pregrado
Fecha de publicación:
2016
Institución:
Universidad Pedagógica Nacional
Repositorio:
Repositorio Institucional UPN
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repository.pedagogica.edu.co:20.500.12209/17007
Acceso en línea:
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/17007
Palabra clave:
Aprendizaje de vocabulario
Vocabulary learning
Musical intelligence
Associative memory
Interaction
Multiple intelligences communicative language teaching
Rights
openAccess
License
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
id RPEDAGO2_c021ae50d912118754df5a029f067dc2
oai_identifier_str oai:repository.pedagogica.edu.co:20.500.12209/17007
network_acronym_str RPEDAGO2
network_name_str Repositorio Institucional UPN
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Learning english vocabulary through musical activities.
title Learning english vocabulary through musical activities.
spellingShingle Learning english vocabulary through musical activities.
Aprendizaje de vocabulario
Vocabulary learning
Musical intelligence
Associative memory
Interaction
Multiple intelligences communicative language teaching
title_short Learning english vocabulary through musical activities.
title_full Learning english vocabulary through musical activities.
title_fullStr Learning english vocabulary through musical activities.
title_full_unstemmed Learning english vocabulary through musical activities.
title_sort Learning english vocabulary through musical activities.
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Muñoz Narváez, Gisselle Victoria
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Rojas López, Ronald Andrés
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Muñoz Narváez, Gisselle Victoria
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Aprendizaje de vocabulario
topic Aprendizaje de vocabulario
Vocabulary learning
Musical intelligence
Associative memory
Interaction
Multiple intelligences communicative language teaching
dc.subject.keywords.spa.fl_str_mv Vocabulary learning
Musical intelligence
Associative memory
Interaction
Multiple intelligences communicative language teaching
description En este proyecto de investigación acción el lector encontrará una propuesta innovadora para enseñar inglés como lengua extranjera a estudiantes de primer ciclo en la Institución Educativa Distrital Rafael Bernal Jiménez usando la inteligencia musical como didáctica. Para realizar el análisis de datos el investigador recolectó la información por medio de cuestionarios, exámenes, videos transcritos y actividades escritas presentadas por los estudiantes, los cuales fueron usados para determinar la influencia del uso de las actividades musicales en el aprendizaje de vocabulario en inglés como lengua extranjera fomentando la interacción y el proceso comunicativo entre los estudiantes y la docente, lo que hizo más fácil a los estudiantes la memorización de nuevas palabras y la interacción con la maestra y entre los estudiantes del grupo, así una mejoría notable en el ambiente de aprendizaje y la disposición de los estudiantes.
publishDate 2016
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2016
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2022-03-29T16:49:13Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2022-03-29T16:49:13Z
dc.type.local.spa.fl_str_mv Tesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Pregrado
dc.type.coar.eng.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.driver.eng.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.identifier.other.spa.fl_str_mv TE-19836
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/17007
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv instname:Universidad Pedagógica Nacional
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv reponame: Repositorio Institucional UPN
dc.identifier.repourl.none.fl_str_mv repourl: http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv TE-19836
instname:Universidad Pedagógica Nacional
reponame: Repositorio Institucional UPN
repourl: http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/17007
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv Alarcón, A (2103) Las Inteligencias Múltiples en el aula de lengua inglesa, Universidad de Almería.
Amiryousefi, M, Ketabi, S (2011) Journal of Language Teaching and Research. University of Ishfahan, Iran.
Arnold, Jane, y Mª Carmen Fonseca. (2004) “Multiple Intelligence Theory and Foreign Language Learning: A Brain-based perspective”. International Journal of English Studies 4. 1.
Aitchison, J. (2002). Words in the Mind: An Introduction to the Mental Lexicon (3rd Ed.). Blackwell Publishers: Great Britain.
Baleghizadeh. S, Ashoori A. (2010) Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences (PJSS) Vol. 30, No. 2.
Benenzon, R. O. (1995.) Manual de musicoterapia. Barcelona: Paidós.
Borchgrevink, H(1982): Prosody and musical rhythm are controlled by the speech hemisphere. In M. Clynes (Ed.), Music, Mind,and Brain.New York: Plenum Press151-157.
Beorlegui, C. (2005), A vueltas con la naturaleza humana, Debate sobre las antropòlogias, Themata. Revista de filosofia 35.
Chomsky, N, Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich. (1972)Language and the Mind, New York, pp. 67-68.
Coady, J. &Huckin, T. (1997). Second language Vocabulary Acquisition. USA: Cambridge University Press.
Cohen, L and Manion, L (1994) Research methods in Education. London, Route ledge and Kegan Paul.
Creswell, J. (2003) Research Design, Qualitative, Quantitative and mixed methods approaches, Second edition, University of Nebraska, Lincoln.
Fonseca-Mora (2002): Inteligencias Múltiples, Múltiples Formas de Enseñar Inglés. Sevilla: Mergablum.
Fonseca-Mora, M.C.; Toscano-Fuentes, C. and Wermke, K. (2011). Melodies that help: The Relation between Language Aptitude and Musical Intelligence. Anglistik International Journal of English Studies.
Freeman, D. (1993). Renaming experience/reconstructing practice: Developing new understandings of teaching. Teaching and Teacher Education, 9(5/6), 485–497.
Gardner, Howard (1998) Intelligence Reframed Multiple Intelligences for the 21st Century. Nueva York: Basic Books.
Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Chicago: Aldine.
Gomez and Torres, (2006) The role of songs in second grade, students’ oral skill development in foreign language.
Griffee, D. (1992) Songs in Action, New York Prentice Hall.
HakanAydoğan, (2014) The Four Basic Language Skills, Whole Language & Intergrated Skill Approach in Mainstream University Classrooms in Turkey.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences.
Hedge, T. (2008). Teaching and Learning in the Language Classroom. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hohmann, M &Weikart, D.P (1979) Young children in action a Manual for preschool educators. Ypsilanti, MI: High/scope Press.
Hossen, M. A, (2008) Communicative Language Teaching: Teachers’ Perception in Bangladesh (Secondary Level).
Jolly, S, Yukiko, (1975) The use of songs in teaching foreign languages University of Hawaii.
Koelsch, S., Fritz, T., Cramon, D. Y., Müller, K. & Friederici, A. D. (2006). Investigating emotion with music: an fMRI study. Hum. Brain Mapp. 27, 239–250.
Levin, J.R. (1993). Mnemonic strategies and classroom learning: A twenty-year report card. The Elementary School Journal.
Lineamientos curriculares, (2002) Idiomas extranjeros, Ministerio Nacional de Educación Bogotá Colombia.
Loue, S (2002). Textbook of research ethics: Theory and practice. New York: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Morales, (2012) The acquisition of vocabulary through three memory strategies, Universidad de la sabana.
Nation, I.S.P (1990) teaching and learning vocabulary. New York Newbury house.
Nunan, D (1992).Research methods in language learning. Cambridge university press.
Piaget, J. and Inhelder, B. (1969). The psychology of the child. New York: Basic Books.
Proyecto Educativo Institucional (2010) IED Rafael Bernal Jiménez.
Richards, Jack; Rodgers Theodore. (2007). Approaches and Methods in Language.
Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Richards, J. C. &Renandya, W. A. (2002). Methodology in Language Teaching an Anthology of Current Practice. New York: Cambridge University Press, p. 75.
Schmitt, N. (2000). Vocabulary in Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Schellenberg, E.G. (2003). Does exposure to music have beneficial side effects? In I.
Peretz& R.J. Zatorre (Eds.). The cognitive neuroscience of music (pp. 430–448).
Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
Spearman, Charles. (1904) General intelligence objectively determined and measured. American Journal of Psychology 15, 201-293.
Vygotsky, L.S. (1978) Mind in society. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Wallace, M. J. (1998). Action research for language teachers. Cambridge, University Press.
Wilkins, D. (1972) Linguistics in language teaching. Cambridge, MIT press.
dc.rights.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.accessrights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.creativecommons.none.fl_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Pedagógica Nacional
dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv Licenciatura en Español y Lenguas Extranjeras
dc.publisher.faculty.spa.fl_str_mv Facultad de Humanidades
institution Universidad Pedagógica Nacional
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/17007/3/TE-19836.pdf.jpg
http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/17007/2/license.txt
http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/17007/1/TE-19836.pdf
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 9938cb0e28d1c37a58953ea4db651aa7
8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33
b6d6083fc669375e46bb0bc54f91ccdf
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional Universidad Pedagógica Nacional
repository.mail.fl_str_mv repositorio@pedagogica.edu.co
_version_ 1814445209741688832
spelling Rojas López, Ronald AndrésMuñoz Narváez, Gisselle Victoria2022-03-29T16:49:13Z2022-03-29T16:49:13Z2016TE-19836http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/17007instname:Universidad Pedagógica Nacionalreponame: Repositorio Institucional UPNrepourl: http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/En este proyecto de investigación acción el lector encontrará una propuesta innovadora para enseñar inglés como lengua extranjera a estudiantes de primer ciclo en la Institución Educativa Distrital Rafael Bernal Jiménez usando la inteligencia musical como didáctica. Para realizar el análisis de datos el investigador recolectó la información por medio de cuestionarios, exámenes, videos transcritos y actividades escritas presentadas por los estudiantes, los cuales fueron usados para determinar la influencia del uso de las actividades musicales en el aprendizaje de vocabulario en inglés como lengua extranjera fomentando la interacción y el proceso comunicativo entre los estudiantes y la docente, lo que hizo más fácil a los estudiantes la memorización de nuevas palabras y la interacción con la maestra y entre los estudiantes del grupo, así una mejoría notable en el ambiente de aprendizaje y la disposición de los estudiantes.Submitted by Biblioteca UPN (repositoriobiblioteca@pedagogica.edu.co) on 2022-03-22T16:35:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TE-19836.pdf: 1496169 bytes, checksum: b6d6083fc669375e46bb0bc54f91ccdf (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca UPN (repositoriobiblioteca@pedagogica.edu.co) on 2022-03-28T18:22:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TE-19836.pdf: 1496169 bytes, checksum: b6d6083fc669375e46bb0bc54f91ccdf (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Elsy Carolina Martínez (ecmartinezb@pedagogica.edu.co) on 2022-03-29T16:49:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TE-19836.pdf: 1496169 bytes, checksum: b6d6083fc669375e46bb0bc54f91ccdf (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2022-03-29T16:49:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TE-19836.pdf: 1496169 bytes, checksum: b6d6083fc669375e46bb0bc54f91ccdf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016Licenciado en Español y Lenguas ExtranjerasPregradoapplication/pdfengUniversidad Pedagógica NacionalLicenciatura en Español y Lenguas ExtranjerasFacultad de Humanidadeshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 InternationalAprendizaje de vocabularioVocabulary learningMusical intelligenceAssociative memoryInteractionMultiple intelligences communicative language teachingLearning english vocabulary through musical activities.Tesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Pregradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1finfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisAlarcón, A (2103) Las Inteligencias Múltiples en el aula de lengua inglesa, Universidad de Almería.Amiryousefi, M, Ketabi, S (2011) Journal of Language Teaching and Research. University of Ishfahan, Iran.Arnold, Jane, y Mª Carmen Fonseca. (2004) “Multiple Intelligence Theory and Foreign Language Learning: A Brain-based perspective”. International Journal of English Studies 4. 1.Aitchison, J. (2002). Words in the Mind: An Introduction to the Mental Lexicon (3rd Ed.). Blackwell Publishers: Great Britain.Baleghizadeh. S, Ashoori A. (2010) Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences (PJSS) Vol. 30, No. 2.Benenzon, R. O. (1995.) Manual de musicoterapia. Barcelona: Paidós.Borchgrevink, H(1982): Prosody and musical rhythm are controlled by the speech hemisphere. In M. Clynes (Ed.), Music, Mind,and Brain.New York: Plenum Press151-157.Beorlegui, C. (2005), A vueltas con la naturaleza humana, Debate sobre las antropòlogias, Themata. Revista de filosofia 35.Chomsky, N, Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich. (1972)Language and the Mind, New York, pp. 67-68.Coady, J. &Huckin, T. (1997). Second language Vocabulary Acquisition. USA: Cambridge University Press.Cohen, L and Manion, L (1994) Research methods in Education. London, Route ledge and Kegan Paul.Creswell, J. (2003) Research Design, Qualitative, Quantitative and mixed methods approaches, Second edition, University of Nebraska, Lincoln.Fonseca-Mora (2002): Inteligencias Múltiples, Múltiples Formas de Enseñar Inglés. Sevilla: Mergablum.Fonseca-Mora, M.C.; Toscano-Fuentes, C. and Wermke, K. (2011). Melodies that help: The Relation between Language Aptitude and Musical Intelligence. Anglistik International Journal of English Studies.Freeman, D. (1993). Renaming experience/reconstructing practice: Developing new understandings of teaching. Teaching and Teacher Education, 9(5/6), 485–497.Gardner, Howard (1998) Intelligence Reframed Multiple Intelligences for the 21st Century. Nueva York: Basic Books.Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Chicago: Aldine.Gomez and Torres, (2006) The role of songs in second grade, students’ oral skill development in foreign language.Griffee, D. (1992) Songs in Action, New York Prentice Hall.HakanAydoğan, (2014) The Four Basic Language Skills, Whole Language & Intergrated Skill Approach in Mainstream University Classrooms in Turkey.Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences.Hedge, T. (2008). Teaching and Learning in the Language Classroom. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Hohmann, M &Weikart, D.P (1979) Young children in action a Manual for preschool educators. Ypsilanti, MI: High/scope Press.Hossen, M. A, (2008) Communicative Language Teaching: Teachers’ Perception in Bangladesh (Secondary Level).Jolly, S, Yukiko, (1975) The use of songs in teaching foreign languages University of Hawaii.Koelsch, S., Fritz, T., Cramon, D. Y., Müller, K. & Friederici, A. D. (2006). Investigating emotion with music: an fMRI study. Hum. Brain Mapp. 27, 239–250.Levin, J.R. (1993). Mnemonic strategies and classroom learning: A twenty-year report card. The Elementary School Journal.Lineamientos curriculares, (2002) Idiomas extranjeros, Ministerio Nacional de Educación Bogotá Colombia.Loue, S (2002). Textbook of research ethics: Theory and practice. New York: Kluwer Academic Publishers.Morales, (2012) The acquisition of vocabulary through three memory strategies, Universidad de la sabana.Nation, I.S.P (1990) teaching and learning vocabulary. New York Newbury house.Nunan, D (1992).Research methods in language learning. Cambridge university press.Piaget, J. and Inhelder, B. (1969). The psychology of the child. New York: Basic Books.Proyecto Educativo Institucional (2010) IED Rafael Bernal Jiménez.Richards, Jack; Rodgers Theodore. (2007). Approaches and Methods in Language.Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Richards, J. C. &Renandya, W. A. (2002). Methodology in Language Teaching an Anthology of Current Practice. New York: Cambridge University Press, p. 75.Schmitt, N. (2000). Vocabulary in Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Schellenberg, E.G. (2003). Does exposure to music have beneficial side effects? In I.Peretz& R.J. Zatorre (Eds.). The cognitive neuroscience of music (pp. 430–448).Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.Spearman, Charles. (1904) General intelligence objectively determined and measured. American Journal of Psychology 15, 201-293.Vygotsky, L.S. (1978) Mind in society. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Wallace, M. J. (1998). Action research for language teachers. Cambridge, University Press.Wilkins, D. (1972) Linguistics in language teaching. Cambridge, MIT press.THUMBNAILTE-19836.pdf.jpgTE-19836.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg5904http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/17007/3/TE-19836.pdf.jpg9938cb0e28d1c37a58953ea4db651aa7MD53LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/17007/2/license.txt8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD52ORIGINALTE-19836.pdfTE-19836.pdfapplication/pdf1496169http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/17007/1/TE-19836.pdfb6d6083fc669375e46bb0bc54f91ccdfMD5120.500.12209/17007oai:repository.pedagogica.edu.co:20.500.12209/170072022-11-25 16:12:53.251Repositorio Institucional Universidad Pedagógica Nacionalrepositorio@pedagogica.edu.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

Publicaciones similares