Laboratory-grown materials as a substitute for unsustainable raw materials in luxury goods production: how does it affect consumer perception?

La compatibilidad entre lujo y sostenibilidad ha sido cuestionada en la literatura durante las últimas décadas. A lo largo de los años han surgido diferentes posturas a favor y en contra. Con el creciente interés y preocupación de los consumidores por la sostenibilidad, las marcas de lujo han consta...

Full description

Autores:
Tipo de recurso:
Fecha de publicación:
2023
Institución:
Universidad del Rosario
Repositorio:
Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/38154
Acceso en línea:
https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_38154
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/38154
Palabra clave:
Sostenibilidad
Industria de lujo
Productos cultivados en laboratorio
Cuero
Diamantes
Piel
Percepcion del consumidor
Estrategias de marketing
Materia prima
Medio ambiente
Sustainability
Luxury industry
Lab-grown products
Leather
Diamonds
Fur
Consumer perception
Marketing strategies
Raw material
Environment
Rights
License
Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
id EDOCUR2_9dd955b4e6786289ec38f2d8d8af637b
oai_identifier_str oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/38154
network_acronym_str EDOCUR2
network_name_str Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Laboratory-grown materials as a substitute for unsustainable raw materials in luxury goods production: how does it affect consumer perception?
dc.title.TranslatedTitle.none.fl_str_mv Materiales cultivados en laboratorio como sustitutos de materias primas no sostenibles en la producción de artículos de lujo: ¿cómo afecta a la percepción del consumidor?
title Laboratory-grown materials as a substitute for unsustainable raw materials in luxury goods production: how does it affect consumer perception?
spellingShingle Laboratory-grown materials as a substitute for unsustainable raw materials in luxury goods production: how does it affect consumer perception?
Sostenibilidad
Industria de lujo
Productos cultivados en laboratorio
Cuero
Diamantes
Piel
Percepcion del consumidor
Estrategias de marketing
Materia prima
Medio ambiente
Sustainability
Luxury industry
Lab-grown products
Leather
Diamonds
Fur
Consumer perception
Marketing strategies
Raw material
Environment
title_short Laboratory-grown materials as a substitute for unsustainable raw materials in luxury goods production: how does it affect consumer perception?
title_full Laboratory-grown materials as a substitute for unsustainable raw materials in luxury goods production: how does it affect consumer perception?
title_fullStr Laboratory-grown materials as a substitute for unsustainable raw materials in luxury goods production: how does it affect consumer perception?
title_full_unstemmed Laboratory-grown materials as a substitute for unsustainable raw materials in luxury goods production: how does it affect consumer perception?
title_sort Laboratory-grown materials as a substitute for unsustainable raw materials in luxury goods production: how does it affect consumer perception?
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Hussain, Dildar
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Sostenibilidad
Industria de lujo
Productos cultivados en laboratorio
Cuero
Diamantes
Piel
Percepcion del consumidor
Estrategias de marketing
Materia prima
Medio ambiente
topic Sostenibilidad
Industria de lujo
Productos cultivados en laboratorio
Cuero
Diamantes
Piel
Percepcion del consumidor
Estrategias de marketing
Materia prima
Medio ambiente
Sustainability
Luxury industry
Lab-grown products
Leather
Diamonds
Fur
Consumer perception
Marketing strategies
Raw material
Environment
dc.subject.keyword.none.fl_str_mv Sustainability
Luxury industry
Lab-grown products
Leather
Diamonds
Fur
Consumer perception
Marketing strategies
Raw material
Environment
description La compatibilidad entre lujo y sostenibilidad ha sido cuestionada en la literatura durante las últimas décadas. A lo largo de los años han surgido diferentes posturas a favor y en contra. Con el creciente interés y preocupación de los consumidores por la sostenibilidad, las marcas de lujo han constatado la necesidad de implantarla en su cadena de valor. Este estudio se centra en la fabricación de productos de lujo y en las materias primas utilizadas en estos procesos. El objetivo es desvelar las percepciones de los consumidores sobre el uso de materiales cultivados en laboratorio como sustitutos de las materias primas tradicionales, centrándose en el cuero, las pieles y los diamantes cultivados en laboratorio mediante estudios de casos aplicados en LVMH y Kering. ¿Cómo podrían los productos de lujo cultivados en laboratorio ser una solución sostenible sin sacrificar la esencia y las particularidades de los productos de lujo, como la calidad, la exclusividad, el prestigio, etc.? Este estudio ofrece un análisis de las respuestas obtenidas en una entrevista aplicada a casos empresariales, que se analizaron a partir de dos modelos basados en conceptos propuestos previamente por (Mazzalovo & Chevalier, 2020). Las respuestas son evaluadas como un colectivo para obtener palabras clave y asociaciones sobre cada tema propuesto, para ser posteriormente clasificadas en cada modelo, e identificar patrones en las percepciones y asociaciones de los entrevistados. De este análisis se deduce que el "consumidor de lujo ecológico" es el consumidor ideal de productos cultivados en laboratorio en el sector del lujo. Este tipo de consumidor espera que los productos cultivados en laboratorio mantengan las características de los productos de lujo y atribuye la responsabilidad de transmitir el equilibrio entre lujo y sostenibilidad directamente a las estrategias de marketing y comunicación aplicadas por las marcas de lujo.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2023-03-01T22:01:36Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2023-03-01T22:01:36Z
dc.date.created.none.fl_str_mv 2023-02-06
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv bachelorThesis
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.document.none.fl_str_mv Trabajo de grado
dc.type.spa.none.fl_str_mv Trabajo de grado
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_38154
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/38154
url https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_38154
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/38154
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.*.fl_str_mv Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.acceso.none.fl_str_mv Abierto (Texto Completo)
dc.rights.uri.*.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/
rights_invalid_str_mv Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Abierto (Texto Completo)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.format.extent.none.fl_str_mv 103 pp
dc.format.mimetype.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidad del Rosario
Renes School of Business
dc.publisher.department.none.fl_str_mv Escuela de Administración
dc.publisher.program.none.fl_str_mv Administración de Negocios Internacionales
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidad del Rosario
Renes School of Business
institution Universidad del Rosario
dc.source.bibliographicCitation.none.fl_str_mv Achabou, M.A., Dekhili, S., & Codini, A.P. (2020). Consumer preferences towards animal-friendly fashion products: an application to the Italian market. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 37(6), 661-673. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCM-10-2018-2908
Arnault, F., & Tag Heuer. (2022). TAG Heuer Carrera Plasma D'Avant Garde. TAG Heuer. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.tagheuer.com/ca/en/event/tag-heuer-carrera-plasma-diamant-d-avant-garde.html
Bendell, J., & Kleanthous, A. (2007). Deeper Luxury. WWF. Retrieved May 23, 2022, from https://assets.wwf.org.uk/downloads/luxury_report.pdf
Berthon, P.R., Pitt, L., Parent, M., & Berthon, J.P. (2009). Aesthetics and ephemerality: observing and preserving the luxury brand. California Management Review, 52(1), 45-66. Research Gate. 10.1525/cmr.2009.52.1.45
Boston Consulting Group. (2018, February 20). 2018 True-Luxury Global Consumer Insight. Boston Consulting Group. Retrieved May 3, 2022, from https://media-publications.bcg.com/france/True-Luxury-Global-Consumer-Insight-2018.pdf
Brun, A., Castelli, C., & Karaosman, H. (2017, September 11). A focused supply chain strategy for luxury fashion management. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 21(4), 544-563. Emerald. https://doi.org/10.3917/maorg.037.0099
Brun, A., & Karaosman, H. (2020). Sustainability in the Luxury Fashion Supply Chain: Millennials’ Perception. Marché Et Organisations, 37(1), 99-121. https://doi.org/10.3917/maorg.037.0099
Campos Franco, J., Hussain, D., & McColl, R. (2020). Luxury fashion and sustainability: looking good together. Journal of Business Strategy, 41, 55-61. Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/jbs-05-2019-0089
Carrigan, M., Moraes, C., & McEachern, M. (2013). From conspicuous to considered fashion: A harm-chain approach to the responsibilities of luxury-fashion businesses. Journal of Marketing Management, 29(11), 1277 - 1307. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2013.798675
Cernansky, R., & Webb, B. (2022, April 21). LVMH, Fendi open the door to sustainable, plastic-free lab-grown fur. Vogue Business. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.voguebusiness.com/sustainability/lvmh-fendi-open-the-door-to-sustainable-plastic-free-faux-fur
Cervellon, M.C., & Shammas, L. (2013). The value of Sustainable Luxury in mature markets. Journal of Corporate Citizenship, 52, 90-101. Jstor. Retrieved 2022, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/jcorpciti.52.90
Comite Colbert. (n.d.). Members. Comité Colbert. Retrieved July 23, 2022, from https://www.comitecolbert.com/en/members
Danziger, P. N. (2022, Jun 11). LVMH Makes It Official: Lab-Grown Diamonds Are Luxury. Forbes. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/pamdanziger/2022/06/11/lvmh-makes-it-official-lab-grown-diamonds-are-luxury/?sh=1c26345f52b1
Dekhili, S., Achabou, M. A., & Alharbi, F. (2019, June 10). Could sustainability improve the promotion of luxury products? European Business Review, 488-511.
Deljanin, B. (2014). A closer look: Screening for synthetic diamonds using standard gem instruments. Jewellery Business. https://www.jewellerybusiness.com/features/a-closer-look-screening-for-synthetic-diamonds-using-standard-gem-instruments/
Deljanin, B., & Simic, D. (2020). Laboratory-grown Diamonds, Information Guide to HPHT-grown and CVD-grown Diamonds (3rd ed.). GHI.
DeMarco, A. (2019). De Beers Lightbox Lab-Grown Diamonds Will Be Sold At Bloomingdale's And Reeds Jewelers. Forbes. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/anthonydemarco/2019/10/10/de-beers-lightbox-lab-grown-diamonds-will-be-sold-at-bloomingdales-and-reeds-jewelers/?sh=31b249491060
Doran, C.J. (2009, February). The Role of Personal Values in Fair Trade Consumption. Journal of Business Ethics, 84, 549–563. ScienceDirect. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-008-9724-1
Dubois, B., Laurent, G., & Czellar, S. (2001, November). Consumer Rapport to Luxury: Analyzing Complex and Ambivalent attitudes. Research Gate. Retrieved January, 2022, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/4883928_Consumer_Rapport_to_Luxury_Analyzing_Complex_and_Ambivalent_Attitudes
Faux Fur Institute. (2018, November 5). Fur grown in labs is becoming a reality — FAUX FUR INSTITUTE. FAUX FUR INSTITUTE. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.fauxfurinstitute.com/nouveau-blog/2018/11/5/fur-grown-in-labs-is-becoming-a-reality
Frost Sullivan. (2014). ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS PRODUCTION OF ROUGH DIAMONDS. Retrieved 2022, from https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/1164/4258/files/Rough_Diamond_version_28-11-14v2_1.pdf?14833
Gandhi, S. (2021, March 22). Could Plant-Based & Lab-Grown Materials Be the Future of Fashion? Setting Mind. Retrieved 2022, from https://settingmind.com/could-plant-based-and-lab-grown-materials-be-the-future-of-fashion/
Gibson, P., & Seibold, S. (2014, September 2). Understanding and influencing eco-luxury consumers. International Journal of Social Economics, 41(9), 780-800. Emerald. https://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/IJSE-02-2013-0042
Halliday, S. (2022, April 22). LVMH, Fendi, London universities develop keratin-based lab-grown fur. Fashion network. Retrieved 2022, from https://ww.fashionnetwork.com/news/Lvmh-fendi-london-universities-develop-keratin-based-lab-grown-fur,1399479.html
Hemley, R. J., Chen, Y.-C., & Yan, C.-S. (2005). Growing Diamond Crystals by Chemical Vapor Deposition. GeoScience. 10.2113/gselements.1.2.105
Hennings, N., Wiedmann, K.-P., Klarmann, C., & Behrens, S. (2015, October 6). The complexity of value in the luxury industry: From consumers' individual value perception of luxury consumption. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management. Emerald. Retrieved 2022, from https://assets.wwf.org.uk/downloads/luxury_report.pdf
Hepburn, S. (2015, July 10). Lab-grown leather is coming, but is the industry ready for it? The Guardian. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2015/jul/10/lab-grown-leather-modern-meadow-ceh-suzanne-lee
Human Rights Watch. (2009, June 26). Diamonds in the Rough: Human Rights Abuses in the Marange Diamond Fields of Zimbabwe | HRW. Human Rights Watch. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.hrw.org/report/2009/06/26/diamonds-rough/human-rights-abuses-marange-diamond-fields-zimbabwe
Hustvedt, G., & Bernard, J. C. (2018, Agosto 13). Consumer willingness to pay for sustainable apparel: the influence of labelling for fibre origin and production methods. International Journal of Consumer Studies. Wiley. Retrieved 2022, from
Islam, T., Wang, Y., & Akhtar, N. (2021). Path to sustainable luxury brand consumption: face consciousness, materialism, pride and risk of embarrassment. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 11-28.
Jhons, G. (2006, April). The Essential Impact of Context on Organizational Behavior. The Academy of Management Review, 31(2), 386-408. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.jstor.org/stable/20159208
Keech, J., Morrin, M., & J.S., P. (2020). The effects of materialism on consumer evaluation of sustainable synthetic (lab-grown) products. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 37(5), 579-590. https://doi.org/10.1108/jcm-09-2018-2876
Kelleci, A. (2022). Key Determinants of Luxury Marketing Accordant with Sustainability-Oriented Values Perspective. MDPI Sustainability. 10.3390/su14105916
Kent, S. (2022, May 4). Kering Invests in Lab-Grown Leather Startup. The Business of Fashion. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/sustainability/kering-invests-in-lab-grown-leather-startup/
Kim, A. J., & Ko, E. (2012, October 10). Do social media marketing activities enhance customer equity? An empirical study of luxury fashion brand. Journal of Business Research, 1480-1486.
Kunz, J., May, S., & Schmidt, H. J. (2020, March). Sustainable luxury/ current status and perspectives for future research. Business Research, 13, 541-601. Springer Link. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-020-00111-3
Lau, B. (2022, July 28). Lab-Grown Leather: A Sustainable Solution to the Fashion Industry? Earth.Org. Retrieved 2022, from https://earth.org/lab-grown-leather/
Lo, C. K. Y., & Ha-Brookshire, J. (Eds.). (2018). Sustainability in Luxury Fashion Business. Springer Nature Singapore.
Mas Joyeria. (n.d.). El impacto ambiental de los diamantes, un dato que debes conocer - Más Joyería. Joyería. Retrieved 2022, from https://masjoyeria.com/el-impacto-ambiental-de-los-diamantes-un-dato-que-debes-conocer/
Mazzalovo, G., & Chevalier, M. (2020). Luxury Brand Management in Digital and Sustainable Times. Wiley. https://eds-p-ebscohost-com.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/eds/ebookviewer/ebook/bmxlYmtfXzI2ODAyNTNfX0FO0?sid=fd16e183-09da-4916-8b10-581185b6898f@redis&vid=4&format=EB&rid=1
Mihailovich, P. (2020). Haute 'luxury' Branding: Professor's Notes. Librinova.
Modern Meadow. (n.d.). How Lab Grown Materials Are Changing Manufacturing. Modern Meadow. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.modernmeadow.com/news/how-lab-grown-materials-are-changing-manufacturing
Modern Meadow. (n.d.). Modern Meadow's Biofabricated Materials. Modern Meadow. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.modernmeadow.com/modern-meadow-materials
Mundell, I. (2022, July 25). Fashion industry collaboration to create lab-grown fur | Imperial News. Imperial College London. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/238531/fashion-industry-collaboration-create-lab-grown/
Murray, R. (2015, July 28). How lab-made leather could change the way we shop. Today Show. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.today.com/money/how-lab-made-leather-could-change-way-we-shop-t34716
Packer, M. (2018). La ciencia de la investigación cualitativa (1st ed.). Universidad de los Andes.
Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods. SAGE Publications. https://books.google.fr/books?hl=es&lr=&id=FjBw2oi8El4C&oi=fnd&pg=PR21&dq=patton+2002+qualitative+research+and+evaluation+methods+pdf&ots=bxr3hBLIsK&sig=fz1bKmvlKRe3bUS7vkjx3yi23lo#v=onepage&q&f=false
Pauly, A. (2022, May 4). Kering Invests in Lab-Grown Leather Startup VitroLabs. Highsnobiety. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/kering-vitrolabs-lab-grown-leather/
Phau, I., Teah, M., & Chuah, J. (2015, May 11). Consumer attitudes towars luxury fashion apparel made in sweatshops. Journal of Fashion Marketing Management, 19(2), 169-187. Emerald. ttps://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/JFMM-01-2014-0008
Phillips, S., & Byrne, J. (2022, April 28). Luxury fashion looks into developing lab-grown fur. Thred. Retrieved 2022, from https://thred.com/style/luxury-fashion-looks-into-developing-lab-grown-fur/
Reimers, V., Magnuson, B., & Chao, F. (2016). The academic conceptualisation of ethical clothing: Could it account for the attitude behaviour gap? Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 20(4), 383-399. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMM-12-2015-0097
Scipioni, J., & Libassi, M. (2018, March 20). This lab-grown leather could hit retailers next year. Fox Business. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.foxbusiness.com/features/this-lab-grown-leather-could-hit-retailers-next-year
Shackelford, C. D. (2003). Geoenvironmental Engineering. Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology, (3), 601-621. ScienceDirect. https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-12-227410-5/00879-6
Som, A., & Blanckaert, C. (2021). The Road to Luxury: The New Frontiers in Luxury Brand Management (2nd ed.). Wiley.
Stone, G., Barnes, J. H., & Montgomery, C. (1995, October). ECOSCALE: a scale for the measurement of environmentally responsible consumers. Psychology and Marketing, 12(7), 595 - 612. 10.1002/mar.4220120704
Sustainability and luxury fashion products: Factors that influence purchase decisions of Chinese consumers. (2017). Strategic Direction, 33(11), 16-19. Emerald. https://doi.org/10.1108/SD-08-2017-0132
Tag Heuer. (2022, March 30). THE PIONEERING POTENTIAL OF LAB-GROWN DIAMONDS | TAG Heuer Official Magazine. The Magazine. Retrieved 2022, from https://magazine.tagheuer.com/en/2022/03/30/the-pioneering-potential-of-lab-grown-diamonds-tag-heuer-carrera-plasma/
Tondo, M. (2021, November 19). Can lab-grown leather be a competitor to cow leather? A new raw material. Lampoon Magazine. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.lampoonmagazine.com/article/2021/11/19/lab-grown-leather-modern-meadow-vitralabs/
Varanasi, A. (n.d.). Is Tissue Engineering The Future of Cruelty-Free Fashion? - SynBioBeta. SynBioBeta 2023. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.synbiobeta.com/read/is-tissue-engineering-the-future-of-cruelty-free-fashion
Vitrolabs Inc. (2022). A Single Biopsy From This Cow Can Make Millions of Handbags. Lab-Grown Leather | VitroLabs Inc. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.vitrolabsinc.com/
Wenzel, E. (2007). Synthetic diamonds still a rough cut. CNET. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.cnet.com/science/synthetic-diamonds-still-a-rough-cut/
YADAV Diamonds and Jewellery. (2022, January). How Are Lab Diamonds Certified and Graded? Yadav Diamonds and Jewelry. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.yadavjewelry.com/blog/lab-diamond/how-are-lab-diamonds-certified-and-graded
Zeithaml, V.A. (1998, July). Consumer perceptions of price, quality, and value: a means-end model and synthesis of evidence. Journal of Marketing, 52(3), 2-22. https://doi.org/10.2307/1251446
Zulian, N. (2020, February 25). New Kinds of Leather: The Most Prominent Lab-Grown Materials that Need No Animals — Plural. Plural. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.pluralmagazine.net/news-1/lab-grown-materials
dc.source.instname.none.fl_str_mv instname:Universidad del Rosario
dc.source.reponame.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/eb9ce31c-b770-45a8-85f5-9f6e8510ffa8/download
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/903d29c2-cbb0-4936-953e-4a599cd75058/download
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/e56d4b19-9391-43d7-ba66-54b7700052e2/download
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/7c9170bf-1910-46a3-8af3-075ddab16344/download
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/ab527ab2-f9bb-4a00-a24a-aa8d9438e88f/download
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/772be86f-0282-440d-8182-1ee8bb2a3ef1/download
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/824ad9e2-1a39-4af3-a2b9-e76a137fe7bc/download
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/2b44f83f-3f50-4863-aa0d-27eb0a5cb57f/download
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/acfe3eb6-9037-4118-b021-64fb1a134807/download
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/93322e77-9f38-4efe-b6cc-a39685a32e94/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 218cd3f6ae806841953ba4d4b0fc5cad
98f1da3b3bbaed2248ce8e8437082c87
b2825df9f458e9d5d96ee8b7cd74fde6
5310bb89a00d5ead086944535cc857c4
a1c6458c250b9fb6b7d8433b39f13959
db0da95ea61e080ea185def0944d01e1
7b0b4f7877adbc6b45f8244b7e736da5
512e40323501ee68c83dd1753c8a4415
bd37313cf464f3eb2152aea36a27bf9a
40226f4260f602062f4870e768faea12
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio institucional EdocUR
repository.mail.fl_str_mv edocur@urosario.edu.co
_version_ 1814167670117892096
spelling Hussain, Dildar867d7cad-830a-4f92-bb2a-7f513ee1e341-1Santos Castro, Maria AngelicaAdministrador de Negocios InternacionalesPregradoFull time875084d5-30fa-49db-bde2-fd2bd3a1258c-12023-03-01T22:01:36Z2023-03-01T22:01:36Z2023-02-06La compatibilidad entre lujo y sostenibilidad ha sido cuestionada en la literatura durante las últimas décadas. A lo largo de los años han surgido diferentes posturas a favor y en contra. Con el creciente interés y preocupación de los consumidores por la sostenibilidad, las marcas de lujo han constatado la necesidad de implantarla en su cadena de valor. Este estudio se centra en la fabricación de productos de lujo y en las materias primas utilizadas en estos procesos. El objetivo es desvelar las percepciones de los consumidores sobre el uso de materiales cultivados en laboratorio como sustitutos de las materias primas tradicionales, centrándose en el cuero, las pieles y los diamantes cultivados en laboratorio mediante estudios de casos aplicados en LVMH y Kering. ¿Cómo podrían los productos de lujo cultivados en laboratorio ser una solución sostenible sin sacrificar la esencia y las particularidades de los productos de lujo, como la calidad, la exclusividad, el prestigio, etc.? Este estudio ofrece un análisis de las respuestas obtenidas en una entrevista aplicada a casos empresariales, que se analizaron a partir de dos modelos basados en conceptos propuestos previamente por (Mazzalovo & Chevalier, 2020). Las respuestas son evaluadas como un colectivo para obtener palabras clave y asociaciones sobre cada tema propuesto, para ser posteriormente clasificadas en cada modelo, e identificar patrones en las percepciones y asociaciones de los entrevistados. De este análisis se deduce que el "consumidor de lujo ecológico" es el consumidor ideal de productos cultivados en laboratorio en el sector del lujo. Este tipo de consumidor espera que los productos cultivados en laboratorio mantengan las características de los productos de lujo y atribuye la responsabilidad de transmitir el equilibrio entre lujo y sostenibilidad directamente a las estrategias de marketing y comunicación aplicadas por las marcas de lujo.Compatibility between luxury and sustainability has been questioned in the literature over the past decades. Different positions both for and against have emerged throughout the years. With the increasing interest and concern of consumers for sustainability, luxury brands have remarked the necessity to implement it within their value chain. This study focuses on the manufacturing of luxury products and the raw materials used within these processes. The aim is to unveil consumers' perceptions of the use of lab-grown materials as a substitute for traditional raw materials, focusing on leather, fur, and lab-grown diamonds through applied case studies at LVMH and Kering. How could luxury lab-grown products be a sustainable solution without sacrificing the essence and characteristics of luxury products such as quality, exclusivity, prestige, etc.? This study provides an analysis of responses obtained in an interview applied to business cases, which were analyzed from two models based on concepts previously proposed by (Mazzalovo & Chevalier, 2020). Responses are evaluated as a collective to obtain keywords and associations on each proposed topic, to be subsequently classified in each model, and to identify patterns in the perceptions and associations of the interviewees. From this analysis, the ''eco-luxury consumer'' emerges as the ideal consumer of lab-grown products in the luxury industry. This type of consumer expects lab-grown products to maintain the characteristics of luxury products and attributes the responsibility of conveying the balance between luxury and sustainability directly to marketing and communication strategies implemented by luxury brands.103 ppapplication/pdfhttps://doi.org/10.48713/10336_38154 https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/38154engUniversidad del RosarioRenes School of BusinessEscuela de AdministraciónAdministración de Negocios InternacionalesAttribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 InternationalAbierto (Texto Completo)EL AUTOR, manifiesta que la obra objeto de la presente autorización es original y la realizó sin violar o usurpar derechos de autor de terceros, por lo tanto la obra es de exclusiva autoría y tiene la titularidad sobre la misma. PARGRAFO: En caso de presentarse cualquier reclamación o acción por parte de un tercero en cuanto a los derechos de autor sobre la obra en cuestión, EL AUTOR, asumirá toda la responsabilidad, y saldrá en defensa de los derechos aquí autorizados; para todos los efectos la universidad actúa como un tercero de buena fe. EL AUTOR, autoriza a LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ROSARIO, para que en los términos establecidos en la Ley 23 de 1982, Ley 44 de 1993, Decisión andina 351 de 1993, Decreto 460 de 1995 y demás normas generales sobre la materia, utilice y use la obra objeto de la presente autorización. -------------------------------------- POLITICA DE TRATAMIENTO DE DATOS PERSONALES. Declaro que autorizo previa y de forma informada el tratamiento de mis datos personales por parte de LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ROSARIO para fines académicos y en aplicación de convenios con terceros o servicios conexos con actividades propias de la academia, con estricto cumplimiento de los principios de ley. Para el correcto ejercicio de mi derecho de habeas data cuento con la cuenta de correo habeasdata@urosario.edu.co, donde previa identificación podré solicitar la consulta, corrección y supresión de mis datos.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Achabou, M.A., Dekhili, S., & Codini, A.P. (2020). Consumer preferences towards animal-friendly fashion products: an application to the Italian market. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 37(6), 661-673. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCM-10-2018-2908Arnault, F., & Tag Heuer. (2022). TAG Heuer Carrera Plasma D'Avant Garde. TAG Heuer. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.tagheuer.com/ca/en/event/tag-heuer-carrera-plasma-diamant-d-avant-garde.htmlBendell, J., & Kleanthous, A. (2007). Deeper Luxury. WWF. Retrieved May 23, 2022, from https://assets.wwf.org.uk/downloads/luxury_report.pdfBerthon, P.R., Pitt, L., Parent, M., & Berthon, J.P. (2009). Aesthetics and ephemerality: observing and preserving the luxury brand. California Management Review, 52(1), 45-66. Research Gate. 10.1525/cmr.2009.52.1.45Boston Consulting Group. (2018, February 20). 2018 True-Luxury Global Consumer Insight. Boston Consulting Group. Retrieved May 3, 2022, from https://media-publications.bcg.com/france/True-Luxury-Global-Consumer-Insight-2018.pdfBrun, A., Castelli, C., & Karaosman, H. (2017, September 11). A focused supply chain strategy for luxury fashion management. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 21(4), 544-563. Emerald. https://doi.org/10.3917/maorg.037.0099Brun, A., & Karaosman, H. (2020). Sustainability in the Luxury Fashion Supply Chain: Millennials’ Perception. Marché Et Organisations, 37(1), 99-121. https://doi.org/10.3917/maorg.037.0099Campos Franco, J., Hussain, D., & McColl, R. (2020). Luxury fashion and sustainability: looking good together. Journal of Business Strategy, 41, 55-61. Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/jbs-05-2019-0089Carrigan, M., Moraes, C., & McEachern, M. (2013). From conspicuous to considered fashion: A harm-chain approach to the responsibilities of luxury-fashion businesses. Journal of Marketing Management, 29(11), 1277 - 1307. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2013.798675Cernansky, R., & Webb, B. (2022, April 21). LVMH, Fendi open the door to sustainable, plastic-free lab-grown fur. Vogue Business. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.voguebusiness.com/sustainability/lvmh-fendi-open-the-door-to-sustainable-plastic-free-faux-furCervellon, M.C., & Shammas, L. (2013). The value of Sustainable Luxury in mature markets. Journal of Corporate Citizenship, 52, 90-101. Jstor. Retrieved 2022, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/jcorpciti.52.90Comite Colbert. (n.d.). Members. Comité Colbert. Retrieved July 23, 2022, from https://www.comitecolbert.com/en/membersDanziger, P. N. (2022, Jun 11). LVMH Makes It Official: Lab-Grown Diamonds Are Luxury. Forbes. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/pamdanziger/2022/06/11/lvmh-makes-it-official-lab-grown-diamonds-are-luxury/?sh=1c26345f52b1Dekhili, S., Achabou, M. A., & Alharbi, F. (2019, June 10). Could sustainability improve the promotion of luxury products? European Business Review, 488-511.Deljanin, B. (2014). A closer look: Screening for synthetic diamonds using standard gem instruments. Jewellery Business. https://www.jewellerybusiness.com/features/a-closer-look-screening-for-synthetic-diamonds-using-standard-gem-instruments/Deljanin, B., & Simic, D. (2020). Laboratory-grown Diamonds, Information Guide to HPHT-grown and CVD-grown Diamonds (3rd ed.). GHI.DeMarco, A. (2019). De Beers Lightbox Lab-Grown Diamonds Will Be Sold At Bloomingdale's And Reeds Jewelers. Forbes. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/anthonydemarco/2019/10/10/de-beers-lightbox-lab-grown-diamonds-will-be-sold-at-bloomingdales-and-reeds-jewelers/?sh=31b249491060Doran, C.J. (2009, February). The Role of Personal Values in Fair Trade Consumption. Journal of Business Ethics, 84, 549–563. ScienceDirect. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-008-9724-1Dubois, B., Laurent, G., & Czellar, S. (2001, November). Consumer Rapport to Luxury: Analyzing Complex and Ambivalent attitudes. Research Gate. Retrieved January, 2022, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/4883928_Consumer_Rapport_to_Luxury_Analyzing_Complex_and_Ambivalent_AttitudesFaux Fur Institute. (2018, November 5). Fur grown in labs is becoming a reality — FAUX FUR INSTITUTE. FAUX FUR INSTITUTE. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.fauxfurinstitute.com/nouveau-blog/2018/11/5/fur-grown-in-labs-is-becoming-a-realityFrost Sullivan. (2014). ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS PRODUCTION OF ROUGH DIAMONDS. Retrieved 2022, from https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/1164/4258/files/Rough_Diamond_version_28-11-14v2_1.pdf?14833Gandhi, S. (2021, March 22). Could Plant-Based & Lab-Grown Materials Be the Future of Fashion? Setting Mind. Retrieved 2022, from https://settingmind.com/could-plant-based-and-lab-grown-materials-be-the-future-of-fashion/Gibson, P., & Seibold, S. (2014, September 2). Understanding and influencing eco-luxury consumers. International Journal of Social Economics, 41(9), 780-800. Emerald. https://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/IJSE-02-2013-0042Halliday, S. (2022, April 22). LVMH, Fendi, London universities develop keratin-based lab-grown fur. Fashion network. Retrieved 2022, from https://ww.fashionnetwork.com/news/Lvmh-fendi-london-universities-develop-keratin-based-lab-grown-fur,1399479.htmlHemley, R. J., Chen, Y.-C., & Yan, C.-S. (2005). Growing Diamond Crystals by Chemical Vapor Deposition. GeoScience. 10.2113/gselements.1.2.105Hennings, N., Wiedmann, K.-P., Klarmann, C., & Behrens, S. (2015, October 6). The complexity of value in the luxury industry: From consumers' individual value perception of luxury consumption. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management. Emerald. Retrieved 2022, from https://assets.wwf.org.uk/downloads/luxury_report.pdfHepburn, S. (2015, July 10). Lab-grown leather is coming, but is the industry ready for it? The Guardian. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2015/jul/10/lab-grown-leather-modern-meadow-ceh-suzanne-leeHuman Rights Watch. (2009, June 26). Diamonds in the Rough: Human Rights Abuses in the Marange Diamond Fields of Zimbabwe | HRW. Human Rights Watch. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.hrw.org/report/2009/06/26/diamonds-rough/human-rights-abuses-marange-diamond-fields-zimbabweHustvedt, G., & Bernard, J. C. (2018, Agosto 13). Consumer willingness to pay for sustainable apparel: the influence of labelling for fibre origin and production methods. International Journal of Consumer Studies. Wiley. Retrieved 2022, fromIslam, T., Wang, Y., & Akhtar, N. (2021). Path to sustainable luxury brand consumption: face consciousness, materialism, pride and risk of embarrassment. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 11-28.Jhons, G. (2006, April). The Essential Impact of Context on Organizational Behavior. The Academy of Management Review, 31(2), 386-408. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.jstor.org/stable/20159208Keech, J., Morrin, M., & J.S., P. (2020). The effects of materialism on consumer evaluation of sustainable synthetic (lab-grown) products. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 37(5), 579-590. https://doi.org/10.1108/jcm-09-2018-2876Kelleci, A. (2022). Key Determinants of Luxury Marketing Accordant with Sustainability-Oriented Values Perspective. MDPI Sustainability. 10.3390/su14105916Kent, S. (2022, May 4). Kering Invests in Lab-Grown Leather Startup. The Business of Fashion. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/sustainability/kering-invests-in-lab-grown-leather-startup/Kim, A. J., & Ko, E. (2012, October 10). Do social media marketing activities enhance customer equity? An empirical study of luxury fashion brand. Journal of Business Research, 1480-1486.Kunz, J., May, S., & Schmidt, H. J. (2020, March). Sustainable luxury/ current status and perspectives for future research. Business Research, 13, 541-601. Springer Link. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-020-00111-3Lau, B. (2022, July 28). Lab-Grown Leather: A Sustainable Solution to the Fashion Industry? Earth.Org. Retrieved 2022, from https://earth.org/lab-grown-leather/Lo, C. K. Y., & Ha-Brookshire, J. (Eds.). (2018). Sustainability in Luxury Fashion Business. Springer Nature Singapore.Mas Joyeria. (n.d.). El impacto ambiental de los diamantes, un dato que debes conocer - Más Joyería. Joyería. Retrieved 2022, from https://masjoyeria.com/el-impacto-ambiental-de-los-diamantes-un-dato-que-debes-conocer/Mazzalovo, G., & Chevalier, M. (2020). Luxury Brand Management in Digital and Sustainable Times. Wiley. https://eds-p-ebscohost-com.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/eds/ebookviewer/ebook/bmxlYmtfXzI2ODAyNTNfX0FO0?sid=fd16e183-09da-4916-8b10-581185b6898f@redis&vid=4&format=EB&rid=1Mihailovich, P. (2020). Haute 'luxury' Branding: Professor's Notes. Librinova.Modern Meadow. (n.d.). How Lab Grown Materials Are Changing Manufacturing. Modern Meadow. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.modernmeadow.com/news/how-lab-grown-materials-are-changing-manufacturingModern Meadow. (n.d.). Modern Meadow's Biofabricated Materials. Modern Meadow. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.modernmeadow.com/modern-meadow-materialsMundell, I. (2022, July 25). Fashion industry collaboration to create lab-grown fur | Imperial News. Imperial College London. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/238531/fashion-industry-collaboration-create-lab-grown/Murray, R. (2015, July 28). How lab-made leather could change the way we shop. Today Show. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.today.com/money/how-lab-made-leather-could-change-way-we-shop-t34716Packer, M. (2018). La ciencia de la investigación cualitativa (1st ed.). Universidad de los Andes.Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods. SAGE Publications. https://books.google.fr/books?hl=es&lr=&id=FjBw2oi8El4C&oi=fnd&pg=PR21&dq=patton+2002+qualitative+research+and+evaluation+methods+pdf&ots=bxr3hBLIsK&sig=fz1bKmvlKRe3bUS7vkjx3yi23lo#v=onepage&q&f=falsePauly, A. (2022, May 4). Kering Invests in Lab-Grown Leather Startup VitroLabs. Highsnobiety. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/kering-vitrolabs-lab-grown-leather/Phau, I., Teah, M., & Chuah, J. (2015, May 11). Consumer attitudes towars luxury fashion apparel made in sweatshops. Journal of Fashion Marketing Management, 19(2), 169-187. Emerald. ttps://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/JFMM-01-2014-0008Phillips, S., & Byrne, J. (2022, April 28). Luxury fashion looks into developing lab-grown fur. Thred. Retrieved 2022, from https://thred.com/style/luxury-fashion-looks-into-developing-lab-grown-fur/Reimers, V., Magnuson, B., & Chao, F. (2016). The academic conceptualisation of ethical clothing: Could it account for the attitude behaviour gap? Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 20(4), 383-399. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMM-12-2015-0097Scipioni, J., & Libassi, M. (2018, March 20). This lab-grown leather could hit retailers next year. Fox Business. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.foxbusiness.com/features/this-lab-grown-leather-could-hit-retailers-next-yearShackelford, C. D. (2003). Geoenvironmental Engineering. Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology, (3), 601-621. ScienceDirect. https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-12-227410-5/00879-6Som, A., & Blanckaert, C. (2021). The Road to Luxury: The New Frontiers in Luxury Brand Management (2nd ed.). Wiley.Stone, G., Barnes, J. H., & Montgomery, C. (1995, October). ECOSCALE: a scale for the measurement of environmentally responsible consumers. Psychology and Marketing, 12(7), 595 - 612. 10.1002/mar.4220120704Sustainability and luxury fashion products: Factors that influence purchase decisions of Chinese consumers. (2017). Strategic Direction, 33(11), 16-19. Emerald. https://doi.org/10.1108/SD-08-2017-0132Tag Heuer. (2022, March 30). THE PIONEERING POTENTIAL OF LAB-GROWN DIAMONDS | TAG Heuer Official Magazine. The Magazine. Retrieved 2022, from https://magazine.tagheuer.com/en/2022/03/30/the-pioneering-potential-of-lab-grown-diamonds-tag-heuer-carrera-plasma/Tondo, M. (2021, November 19). Can lab-grown leather be a competitor to cow leather? A new raw material. Lampoon Magazine. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.lampoonmagazine.com/article/2021/11/19/lab-grown-leather-modern-meadow-vitralabs/Varanasi, A. (n.d.). Is Tissue Engineering The Future of Cruelty-Free Fashion? - SynBioBeta. SynBioBeta 2023. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.synbiobeta.com/read/is-tissue-engineering-the-future-of-cruelty-free-fashionVitrolabs Inc. (2022). A Single Biopsy From This Cow Can Make Millions of Handbags. Lab-Grown Leather | VitroLabs Inc. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.vitrolabsinc.com/Wenzel, E. (2007). Synthetic diamonds still a rough cut. CNET. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.cnet.com/science/synthetic-diamonds-still-a-rough-cut/YADAV Diamonds and Jewellery. (2022, January). How Are Lab Diamonds Certified and Graded? Yadav Diamonds and Jewelry. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.yadavjewelry.com/blog/lab-diamond/how-are-lab-diamonds-certified-and-gradedZeithaml, V.A. (1998, July). Consumer perceptions of price, quality, and value: a means-end model and synthesis of evidence. Journal of Marketing, 52(3), 2-22. https://doi.org/10.2307/1251446Zulian, N. (2020, February 25). New Kinds of Leather: The Most Prominent Lab-Grown Materials that Need No Animals — Plural. Plural. Retrieved 2022, from https://www.pluralmagazine.net/news-1/lab-grown-materialsinstname:Universidad del Rosarioreponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocURSostenibilidadIndustria de lujoProductos cultivados en laboratorioCueroDiamantesPielPercepcion del consumidorEstrategias de marketingMateria primaMedio ambienteSustainabilityLuxury industryLab-grown productsLeatherDiamondsFurConsumer perceptionMarketing strategiesRaw materialEnvironmentLaboratory-grown materials as a substitute for unsustainable raw materials in luxury goods production: how does it affect consumer perception?Materiales cultivados en laboratorio como sustitutos de materias primas no sostenibles en la producción de artículos de lujo: ¿cómo afecta a la percepción del consumidor?bachelorThesisTrabajo de gradoTrabajo de gradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fEscuela de AdministraciónORIGINALLaboratory-grown materials as a substitute-SantosCastro-MariaAngelica-1-2023.pdfLaboratory-grown materials as a substitute-SantosCastro-MariaAngelica-1-2023.pdfapplication/pdf1358240https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/eb9ce31c-b770-45a8-85f5-9f6e8510ffa8/download218cd3f6ae806841953ba4d4b0fc5cadMD55Laboratoty-Grown-SantosCastro-MariaAngelica-1-2023.pdfapplication/pdf1370394https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/903d29c2-cbb0-4936-953e-4a599cd75058/download98f1da3b3bbaed2248ce8e8437082c87MD511LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain1483https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/e56d4b19-9391-43d7-ba66-54b7700052e2/downloadb2825df9f458e9d5d96ee8b7cd74fde6MD53CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8893https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/7c9170bf-1910-46a3-8af3-075ddab16344/download5310bb89a00d5ead086944535cc857c4MD54TEXTLaboratory-grown materials as a substitute-SantosCastro-MariaAngelica-1-2023.pdf.txtLaboratory-grown materials as a substitute-SantosCastro-MariaAngelica-1-2023.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain100175https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/ab527ab2-f9bb-4a00-a24a-aa8d9438e88f/downloada1c6458c250b9fb6b7d8433b39f13959MD57Laboratory-grown_materials_as_a_substituteSantosCastro-MariaAngelica-2023.pdf.txtLaboratory-grown_materials_as_a_substituteSantosCastro-MariaAngelica-2023.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain100179https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/772be86f-0282-440d-8182-1ee8bb2a3ef1/downloaddb0da95ea61e080ea185def0944d01e1MD59Laboratoty-Grown-SantosCastro-MariaAngelica-1-2023.pdf.txtLaboratoty-Grown-SantosCastro-MariaAngelica-1-2023.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain67148https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/824ad9e2-1a39-4af3-a2b9-e76a137fe7bc/download7b0b4f7877adbc6b45f8244b7e736da5MD512THUMBNAILLaboratory-grown materials as a substitute-SantosCastro-MariaAngelica-1-2023.pdf.jpgLaboratory-grown materials as a substitute-SantosCastro-MariaAngelica-1-2023.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg2385https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/2b44f83f-3f50-4863-aa0d-27eb0a5cb57f/download512e40323501ee68c83dd1753c8a4415MD58Laboratory-grown_materials_as_a_substituteSantosCastro-MariaAngelica-2023.pdf.jpgLaboratory-grown_materials_as_a_substituteSantosCastro-MariaAngelica-2023.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg2324https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/acfe3eb6-9037-4118-b021-64fb1a134807/downloadbd37313cf464f3eb2152aea36a27bf9aMD510Laboratoty-Grown-SantosCastro-MariaAngelica-1-2023.pdf.jpgLaboratoty-Grown-SantosCastro-MariaAngelica-1-2023.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg4060https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/93322e77-9f38-4efe-b6cc-a39685a32e94/download40226f4260f602062f4870e768faea12MD51310336/38154oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/381542023-03-07 03:02:39.579http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttps://repository.urosario.edu.coRepositorio institucional EdocURedocur@urosario.edu.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