Fibra, estructura y actividad enzimática relacionada con su degradación

La fibra se encuentra en las plantas y forma sus paredes celulares que se dividen en primaria y secundaria, a su vez compuestas de celulosa, hemicelulosa y lignina en diferentes proporciones, dependiendo del estado fenológico de la planta y su clasificación vegetal. La celulosa es un biopolímero ren...

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Autores:: Soto Charry, Erika Alejandra

Tipo de recurso:: Trabajo de grado de pregrado

Fecha de publicación:: 2019

Institución:: Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia

Repositorio:: Repositorio UCC

Idioma:

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oai_identifier_str	oai:repository.ucc.edu.co:20.500.12494/14559
network_acronym_str	COOPER2
network_name_str	Repositorio UCC
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv	Fibra, estructura y actividad enzimática relacionada con su degradación
title	Fibra, estructura y actividad enzimática relacionada con su degradación
spellingShingle	Fibra, estructura y actividad enzimática relacionada con su degradación Polímeros Li peroxidasa Endoglucanasa Biodregradación Xilanasa Polifenol TG 2019 MVZ 14559 Polymers Li peroxidase Endoglucanase Biodegradation A Polyphenol Xylanases
title_short	Fibra, estructura y actividad enzimática relacionada con su degradación
title_full	Fibra, estructura y actividad enzimática relacionada con su degradación
title_fullStr	Fibra, estructura y actividad enzimática relacionada con su degradación
title_full_unstemmed	Fibra, estructura y actividad enzimática relacionada con su degradación
title_sort	Fibra, estructura y actividad enzimática relacionada con su degradación
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Soto Charry, Erika Alejandra
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv	Pérez Rubio, María del Rocío
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Soto Charry, Erika Alejandra
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv	Polímeros Li peroxidasa Endoglucanasa Biodregradación Xilanasa Polifenol
topic	Polímeros Li peroxidasa Endoglucanasa Biodregradación Xilanasa Polifenol TG 2019 MVZ 14559 Polymers Li peroxidase Endoglucanase Biodegradation A Polyphenol Xylanases
dc.subject.classification.spa.fl_str_mv	TG 2019 MVZ 14559
dc.subject.other.spa.fl_str_mv	Polymers Li peroxidase Endoglucanase Biodegradation A Polyphenol Xylanases
description	La fibra se encuentra en las plantas y forma sus paredes celulares que se dividen en primaria y secundaria, a su vez compuestas de celulosa, hemicelulosa y lignina en diferentes proporciones, dependiendo del estado fenológico de la planta y su clasificación vegetal. La celulosa es un biopolímero renovable el cual se encuentra en todo el planeta, no es tóxica y es biodegradable; se degrada por la acción de las celulasas como endoglucanasas, exoglucanasas y β-glucosidasas. La hemicelulosa es un heteropolisacárido compuesto de azúcares tales como xiloglucanos, glucamanano y xilanos; es degradado por la acción de xilanasas y glucanasas. Por último, la lignina, que no es plisacarido y compuesta por tres tipos de unidades a saber: cumaril, guaiacil, y siringil; su degradación depende del ciclo catalítico de enzimas como lignina peroxidasa, manganeso peroxidasa, lacasa y fenol oxidasa. En conjunto, este arsenal de enzimas participa en la degradación de la fibra y son fundamentales en el ciclo de carbono en la naturaleza y confiere a las poblaciones microbianas su capacidad degradadora de la biomasa vegetal. El objetivo de esta revisión es ofrecer de manera sintetica información valida respecto a la estructura de la fibra y la actividad enzimática relacionada con su degradación.
publishDate	2019
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2019-10-16T16:28:56Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2019-10-16T16:28:56Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2019-10-15
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	Trabajo de grado - Pregrado
dc.type.coar.none.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
status_str	acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/14559
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitation.spa.fl_str_mv	Soto Charry, E. A. (2019). Fibra, estructura y actividad enzimática relacionada con su degradación. (Tesis de pregrado). Recuperado de: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/14559
url	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/14559
identifier_str_mv	Soto Charry, E. A. (2019). Fibra, estructura y actividad enzimática relacionada con su degradación. (Tesis de pregrado). Recuperado de: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/14559
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Physiol, Editor) Obtenido de Cross-Linking of Matrix Polymers in the Growing Cell Walls of Angiosperms: http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.pp.37.060186.001121 Furukawa, T., Bello, F. O., & Horsfall, L. (2014). (F. Biol, Editor) Obtenido de Microbial enzyme systems for lignin degradation and their transcriptional regulation.: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11515-014-1336-9 Gaiser, O. J., Piotukh, K., Ponnuswamy, M. N., Planas, A., Borriss, R., & Heinemann, U. (2006). (J. M. Biol, Editor) Obtenido de Structural Basis for the Substrate Specificity of a Bacillus 1,3-1,4-β-Glucanase: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0167483800002314 Geitmann, A. (2010). (C. O. Biol, Editor) Obtenido de Mechanical modeling and structural analysis of the primary plant cell wall: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2010.09.017 Gianfreda, L., Xu, F., & Bollag, J. M. (1999). (B. J, Editor) Obtenido de Laccases: A Useful Group of Oxidoreductive Enzymes: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10889869991219163 97 Giardina, P., Faraco, V., Pezzella, C., Piscitelli, A., Vanhulle, S., & Sannia, G. (2010). (C. M. Sci, Editor) Obtenido de Laccases: a never-ending story: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00018-009-0169-1 Giddings, T. H., Brower, D. L., & Staehelin, L. A. (1980). (J. C. Biol, Editor) Obtenido de Visualization of particle complexes in the plasma membrane of Micrasterias denticulata associated with the formation of cellulose fibrils in primary and secondary cell walls: http://www.jcb.org/cgi/doi/10.1083/jcb.84.2.327 Gold, M. H., Kuwahara, M., Chiu, A. A., & Glenn, J. K. (1984). (A. B. Biophys, Editor) Obtenido de Purification and characterization of an extracellular H2O2-requiring diarylpropane oxygenase from the white rot basidiomycete, Phanerochaete chrysosporium: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0003986184902807 Goodwin, T. W., & Mercer, W. (1990). Introduction to Plant Biochemistry (2 ed.). New York: Pergamon. Gopi, S., Balakrishnan, P., Chandradhara, D., Poovathankandy, D., & Thomas, S. (2019). (M. T. Chem, Editor) Obtenido de General scenarios of cellulose and its use in the biomedical field: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2468519419300072 Hahlbrock, K., & Grisebach, H. (1979). (A. R. Physiol, Editor) Obtenido de Enzymic Controls in the Biosynthesis of Lignin and Flavonoids: http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.pp.30.060179.000541 Hatfield, R. D. (1989). (A. J, Editor) Obtenido de Structural Polysaccharides: https://www.agronomy.org/publications/aj/abstracts/81/1/AJ0810010039 98 Hatfield, R., & Vermerris, W. (2001). Lignin Formation in Plants. The Dilemma of Linkage Specificity. (P. Physiol, Editor) Obtenido de Lignin Formation in Plants. The Dilemma of Linkage Specificity: http://www.plantphysiol.org/lookup/doi/10.1104/pp.126.4.1351 Hayashi, T. (2006). 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Netherlands, Editor) Obtenido de Biodegradation of lignin and hemicelluloses: http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/978-94-011-1687-9_8 Jiang , H., Wang, X., Aluru , M., & Dong, L. (2019). (S. A. Phys, Ed.) Recuperado el Agosto de 2019, de Plant Miniature Greenhouse. Sensors Actuators A Phys: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038071711004032 Jeffries, T. W. (1994). (D. S. Netherlands, Editor) Obtenido de Biodegradation of lignin and hemicelluloses: http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/978-94-011-1687-9_8 Jiang , H., Wang, X., Aluru , M., & Dong, L. (2019). (S. A. Phys, Ed.) Recuperado el Agosto de 2019, de Plant Miniature Greenhouse. Sensors Actuators A Phys: https://www.agronomy.org/publications/aj/abstracts/81/1/AJ0810010033 Kaku, T., Tabuchi, A., Wakabayashi, K., Kamisaka, S., & Hoson, T. (2002). (P. C. 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(Tetrahedron, Editor) Obtenido de Oxidative conjugation of catechols with proteins in insect skeletal systems.: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040402000009492 Kubicek, C. P. (s.f.). (U. Wiley-Blackwell, Editor) Obtenido de The Actors: Plant Biomass Degradation by Fungi. In: Fungi and Lignocellulosic Biomass: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/9781118414514.ch2 101 Kuhad, R. C., Singh, A., & Eriksson, E. L. (1997). Obtenido de Microorganisms and enzymes involved in the degradation of plant fiber cell walls: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/BFb0102072 Kumar, K. R., Singh, A., & Schugerl, K. (1991). (A. M. Biotechnol, Editor) Obtenido de Formation of acetic acid from cellulosic substrates byFusarium oxysporum: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/BF00167900 Kuwahara, M., Glenn, J. K., Morgan, M. A., & Gold, M. H. (1984). Obtenido de Separation and characterization of two extracelluar H 2 O 2 -dependent oxidases from ligninolytic cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. 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G., & Yamamoto, E. (1990). (A. R. Biol, Editor) Obtenido de Lignin: Occurrence, Biogenesis and Biodegradation: http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.pp.41.060190.002323 Liu, L., Dean, F. D., Friedman, W. E., & Eriksson, K. L. (1994). (P. J, Editor) Obtenido de A laccase-like phenoloxidase is correlated with lignin biosynthesis in Zinnia elegans stem tissues: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1046/j.1365-313X.1994.6020213.x Ljungdahl, L. G., & Eriksson, K. E. (1985). (K. C. Mars, Editor) Obtenido de Ecology of Microbial Cellulose Degradation: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4615-9412-3_6 Madhavia, V., & Lele, S. S. (2009). (BioResources, Editor) Obtenido de LACCASE: PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS: http://www.biochemj.org/cgi/doi/10.1042/bj1870361 Malkin, R., & Malmström, B. G. (2006). Obtenido de The State and Function of Copper in Biological Systems: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4318312 Manavalan, T., Manavalan, A., & Heese, K. (2015). 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Aliment, Editor) Recuperado el 6 de Agosto de 2019, de Componentes de la fibra dietética y sus efectos fisiológicos: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=717095 Mateos, G. G., Lázaro, R., González , J. M., Jiménez, E., & Vicente, B. (2006). (U. P. Madrid, Editor) Obtenido de Efectos De La Fibra Dietética En Piensos De Iniciación Para Pollitos Y Lechones: http://www.produccionbovina.com.ar/produccion_porcina/00-produccion_porcina_general/54-fibra_piensos_iniciacion.pdf Mayer, A. M., & Staples, R. C. (2002). (Phytochemistry, Editor) Obtenido de Laccase: new functions for an old enzyme: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031942202001711 McCahill, I. W., & Hazen, S. P. (2019). (T. P. Sci, Editor) Obtenido de Regulation of Cell Wall Thickening by a Medley of Mechanisms: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2019.05.012 McHale, A., & Coughlan, M. P. (1980). (F. 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Biotechnol, Editor) Obtenido de Bioligninolysis: Recent Updates for Biotechnological Solution: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12010-012-9735-3 PaszczyÅ„ski, A., Huynh, V. B., & Crawford, R. (1985). Obtenido de Enzymatic activities of an extracellular, manganese-dependent peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. FEMS Microbiol Lett: https://academic.oup.com/femsle/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1985.tb00831.x 105 Pérez, J., Muñoz, J., De la Rubia, T., & Martínez, J. (2002). (I. Microbiol, Editor) Obtenido de Biodegradation and biological treatments of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin: an overview: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10123-002-0062-3 Pettolino, F. A., Walsh, C., Fincher, G. B., & Bacic, A. (2012). Nat Protoc. Obtenido de Determining the polysaccharide composition of plant cell walls: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2012.081 Planas, A. (2000). Obtenido de Bacterial 1,3-1,4-β-glucanases: structure, function and protein engineering. Biochim Biophys Acta - Protein Struct Mol Enzymol: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0167483800002314 Potty, V. H. (1996). (J. F. Technol, Editor) Obtenido de Aspects, physiological functions, nutritional importance and technological significance of dietary fibres: A critical appraisial Physio-chemical:
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spelling	Pérez Rubio, María del Rocío Soto Charry, Erika Alejandra2019-10-16T16:28:56Z2019-10-16T16:28:56Z2019-10-15https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/14559Soto Charry, E. A. (2019). Fibra, estructura y actividad enzimática relacionada con su degradación. (Tesis de pregrado). Recuperado de: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/14559La fibra se encuentra en las plantas y forma sus paredes celulares que se dividen en primaria y secundaria, a su vez compuestas de celulosa, hemicelulosa y lignina en diferentes proporciones, dependiendo del estado fenológico de la planta y su clasificación vegetal. La celulosa es un biopolímero renovable el cual se encuentra en todo el planeta, no es tóxica y es biodegradable; se degrada por la acción de las celulasas como endoglucanasas, exoglucanasas y β-glucosidasas. La hemicelulosa es un heteropolisacárido compuesto de azúcares tales como xiloglucanos, glucamanano y xilanos; es degradado por la acción de xilanasas y glucanasas. Por último, la lignina, que no es plisacarido y compuesta por tres tipos de unidades a saber: cumaril, guaiacil, y siringil; su degradación depende del ciclo catalítico de enzimas como lignina peroxidasa, manganeso peroxidasa, lacasa y fenol oxidasa. En conjunto, este arsenal de enzimas participa en la degradación de la fibra y son fundamentales en el ciclo de carbono en la naturaleza y confiere a las poblaciones microbianas su capacidad degradadora de la biomasa vegetal. El objetivo de esta revisión es ofrecer de manera sintetica información valida respecto a la estructura de la fibra y la actividad enzimática relacionada con su degradación.Fiber is found in plants and forms its cell walls that are divided into primary and secondary, in turn composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in different proportions, depending on the phenological state of the plant and its plant classification. Cellulose is a renewable biopolymer found all over the planet, is non-toxic and biodegradable; is degraded by the action of cellulase esthetics, as endoglucanases, exoglucanases and glucosidase. Hemicellulose is a heteropolysaccharide composed of sugars such as xyloglucans, glucomannan, and xylans; is degraded by the action of xylanases and glucanases. Finally, lignin, which is not polysaccharide and composed of three types of units namely: coumarin, guaiacil, and syringil; its degradation depends on the catalytic cycle of enzymes such as lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, Lacasse, and phenoloxidase. Together, this arsenal of enzymes is involved in fiber degradation and is fundamental in the carbon cycle in nature and gives microbial populations their degrading capacity of plant biomass. The objective of this review is to provide synthetically valid information regarding the structure of the fiber and the enzymatic activity related to its degradation.1. Introducción. -- 2. Justificación. -- 3. Objetivos. -- 3.1. General. -- 3.2. Específicos. -- 4. Metodología. -- 4.1.1. Caracterización de la literatura revisada. -- 5. Fibra. -- 5.1. Estructura de la Fibra Vegetal. -- 5.1.1. Celulosa. -- 5.1.2. Hemicelulosa. -- 5.1.3. Lignina. -- 5.2. La Función De La Pared Celular Y La Unión Estructural De La Celulosa, Hemicelulosa Y Lignina. -- 5.3. Mecanismos Enzimáticos en la Degradación de la Fibra. -- 5.3.1. Degradación de la Celulosa. -- 5.3.2. Degradación de la Hemicelulosa. -- 5.3.3. Degradación de la Lignina. -- 6. Conclusiones. -- 7. Bibliografía. -- 5.3. Mecanismos Enzimáticos en la Degradación de la Fibra. -- 5.3.1. Degradación de la Celulosa. -- 5.3.2. Degradación de la Hemicelulosa. -- 5.3.3. Degradación de la Lignina. -- 6. Conclusiones. -- 7. Bibliografía.erika.sotoc@campusucc.edu.co111 p. 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I., & Gonzalez, S. D. (2011). (S. AVÍCOLAS, Editor) Obtenido de Polisacáricos No Amiláceos Y Complejos Multienzimáticos; como mejorar el valor nutricional dl pienso:https://seleccionesavicolas.com/pdf-files/2011/10/6309-polisacaridos-no- 96 amilaceos-y-complejos-multienzimaticos-como-mejorar-el-valor-nutricional-del-pienso.pdf Foreman, P. K., Brown, D., Dankmeyer, L., Dean, R., Diener, S., & Dunn, N. S. (2003). (J. B. Chem, Editor) Obtenido de Transcriptional Regulation of Biomass-degrading Enzymes in the Filamentous Fungus Trichoderma reesei:http://www.jbc.org/lookup/doi/10.1074/jbc.M304750200 Freudenberg, K., & Neish, A. C. (1968). (H. S. Heidelberg, Editor) Obtenido de Constitution and Biosynthesis of Lignin:http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-642-85981-6 Fry, S. C. (1986). (A. R. Physiol, Editor) Obtenido de Cross-Linking of Matrix Polymers in the Growing Cell Walls of Angiosperms:http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.pp.37.060186.001121 Furukawa, T., Bello, F. O., & Horsfall, L. (2014). (F. Biol, Editor) Obtenido de Microbial enzyme systems for lignin degradation and their transcriptional regulation.:http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11515-014-1336-9 Gaiser, O. J., Piotukh, K., Ponnuswamy, M. N., Planas, A., Borriss, R., & Heinemann, U. (2006). (J. M. Biol, Editor) Obtenido de Structural Basis for the Substrate Specificity of a Bacillus 1,3-1,4-β-Glucanase:https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0167483800002314 Geitmann, A. (2010). (C. O. Biol, Editor) Obtenido de Mechanical modeling and structural analysis of the primary plant cell wall: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2010.09.017 Gianfreda, L., Xu, F., & Bollag, J. M. (1999). (B. J, Editor) Obtenido de Laccases: A Useful Group of Oxidoreductive Enzymes:http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10889869991219163 97 Giardina, P., Faraco, V., Pezzella, C., Piscitelli, A., Vanhulle, S., & Sannia, G. (2010). (C. M. Sci, Editor) Obtenido de Laccases: a never-ending story:http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00018-009-0169-1 Giddings, T. H., Brower, D. L., & Staehelin, L. A. (1980). (J. C. Biol, Editor) Obtenido de Visualization of particle complexes in the plasma membrane of Micrasterias denticulata associated with the formation of cellulose fibrils in primary and secondary cell walls:http://www.jcb.org/cgi/doi/10.1083/jcb.84.2.327 Gold, M. H., Kuwahara, M., Chiu, A. A., & Glenn, J. K. (1984). (A. B. Biophys, Editor) Obtenido de Purification and characterization of an extracellular H2O2-requiring diarylpropane oxygenase from the white rot basidiomycete, Phanerochaete chrysosporium:https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0003986184902807 Goodwin, T. W., & Mercer, W. (1990). Introduction to Plant Biochemistry (2 ed.). New York: Pergamon. Gopi, S., Balakrishnan, P., Chandradhara, D., Poovathankandy, D., & Thomas, S. (2019). (M. T. Chem, Editor) Obtenido de General scenarios of cellulose and its use in the biomedical field:https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2468519419300072 Hahlbrock, K., & Grisebach, H. (1979). (A. R. Physiol, Editor) Obtenido de Enzymic Controls in the Biosynthesis of Lignin and Flavonoids:http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.pp.30.060179.000541 Hatfield, R. D. (1989). (A. J, Editor) Obtenido de Structural Polysaccharides:https://www.agronomy.org/publications/aj/abstracts/81/1/AJ0810010039 98 Hatfield, R., & Vermerris, W. (2001). Lignin Formation in Plants. The Dilemma of Linkage Specificity. (P. Physiol, Editor) Obtenido de Lignin Formation in Plants. The Dilemma of Linkage Specificity:http://www.plantphysiol.org/lookup/doi/10.1104/pp.126.4.1351 Hayashi, T. (2006). The Science and Lore of the Plant Cell Wall: Biosynthesis, Structure and Function (1 ed.). (BrownWalker, Ed.) Florida: Press Boca Raton. Heinze, T. (2015). (A. F. I, Editor) Obtenido de Cellulose: Structure and Properties:http://link.springer.com/10.1007/12_2015_319 Hendel, B., Sinsabaugh, R. L., & Marxsen, J. (2005). Obtenido de Lignin-Degrading Enzymes: Phenoloxidase and Peroxidase: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/1-4020-3466-0_37 Herth, W. (1985). (Planta, Editor) Obtenido de Plasma-membrane rosettes involved in localized wall thickening during xylem vessel formation of Lepidium sativum L:http://link.springer.com/10.1007/BF00391020 Huang, J., Fu, S., & Gan, L. (2019). (Elsevier, Editor) Obtenido de Structure and Characteristics of Lignin: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128139417000023 Huber, D. J., & Nevins, D. J. (1981). (Planta, Editor) Obtenido de Partial purification of endo- and exo-B-D-glucanase enzymes from Zea mays L. seedlings and their involvement in cell-wall autohydrolysis:http://link.springer.com/10.1007/BF00395171 Ishihara, T. (1980). (C. 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Recuperado el Agosto de 2019, de Plant Miniature Greenhouse. Sensors Actuators A Phys:https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038071711004032 Jeffries, T. W. (1994). (D. S. Netherlands, Editor) Obtenido de Biodegradation of lignin and hemicelluloses: http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/978-94-011-1687-9_8 Jiang , H., Wang, X., Aluru , M., & Dong, L. (2019). (S. A. Phys, Ed.) Recuperado el Agosto de 2019, de Plant Miniature Greenhouse. Sensors Actuators A Phys:https://www.agronomy.org/publications/aj/abstracts/81/1/AJ0810010033 Kaku, T., Tabuchi, A., Wakabayashi, K., Kamisaka, S., & Hoson, T. (2002). (P. C. Physiol, Editor) Obtenido de Action of Xyloglucan Hydrolase within the Native Cell Wall Architecture and Its Effect on Cell Wall Extensibility in Azuki Bean Epicotyls:http://academic.oup.com/pcp/article/43/1/21/1887223/Action-of-Xyloglucan-Hydrolase-within-the-Native Kataeva, I. A., Seidel, R. D., Shah, A., West, L. T., Li, X. L., & Ljungdahl, L. G. (2002). (A. E. Microbiol, Editor) Obtenido de The Fibronectin Type 3-Like Repeat from the Clostridium thermocellum Cellobiohydrolase CbhA Promotes Hydrolysis of Cellulose by Modifying Its Surface:http://aem.asm.org/cgi/doi/10.1128/AEM.68.9.4292-4300.2002 100 Keegstra, K., Talmadge, K. W., Bauer , W. D., & Albersheim, P. (1973). (P. Physiol, Editor) Obtenido de The Structure of Plant Cell Walls.:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16658282%0Ahttp://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC367377 Kelley, R. L., & Reddy, C. A. (1986). (J. Bacteriol, Editor) Obtenido de Purification and characterization of glucose oxidase from ligninolytic cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium:http://jb.asm.org/lookup/doi/10.1128/jb.166.1.269-274.1986 Kersten, P. J., & Kirk , T. K. (1987). (J. Bacteriol, Editor) Obtenido de Involvement of a new enzyme, glyoxal oxidase, in extracellular H2O2 production by Phanerochaete chrysosporium:http://jb.asm.org/lookup/doi/10.1128/jb.169.5.2195-2201.1987 Kirk, T. K., & Cullen, D. (1998). Obtenido de Enzymology and molecular genetics of wood degradation by white-rot fungi Environmentally friendly technologies for the pulp and paper industry. Klemm, D., Heublein, B., Fink , H. P., & Bohn, A. (2005). (A. C. Ed, Editor) Obtenido de Cellulose: Fascinating Biopolymer and Sustainable Raw Material:http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/anie.200460587 Kramer, K. J., Kanost, M. J., Hopkins, T. L., Jiang, H., Zhu, Y. C., & Xu, R. (2001). (Tetrahedron, Editor) Obtenido de Oxidative conjugation of catechols with proteins in insect skeletal systems.:https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040402000009492 Kubicek, C. P. (s.f.). (U. Wiley-Blackwell, Editor) Obtenido de The Actors: Plant Biomass Degradation by Fungi. In: Fungi and Lignocellulosic Biomass:http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/9781118414514.ch2 101 Kuhad, R. C., Singh, A., & Eriksson, E. L. (1997). Obtenido de Microorganisms and enzymes involved in the degradation of plant fiber cell walls:http://link.springer.com/10.1007/BFb0102072 Kumar, K. R., Singh, A., & Schugerl, K. (1991). (A. M. Biotechnol, Editor) Obtenido de Formation of acetic acid from cellulosic substrates byFusarium oxysporum:http://link.springer.com/10.1007/BF00167900 Kuwahara, M., Glenn, J. K., Morgan, M. A., & Gold, M. H. (1984). Obtenido de Separation and characterization of two extracelluar H 2 O 2 -dependent oxidases from ligninolytic cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. FEBS Lett:http://doi.wiley.com/10.1016/0014-5793%2884%2980327-0 Labavitch, J. M. (1981). (A. R. Physiol, Editor) Obtenido de Cell Wall Turnover in Plant Development:http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.pp.32.060181.002125 Lee, J. H., Brown, R. M., Kuga, S., Shoda, S., & Kobayashi, S. (1994). Obtenido de Assembly of synthetic cellulose I:http://www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.91.16.7425 Leonowicz, A., Szklarz, G., & Wojtaś-Wasilewska, M. (1985). Obtenido de The effect of fungal laccase on fractionated lignosulphonates (peritan Na). Phytochemistry:https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031942200807347 Levasseur, A., Lomascolo, A., Chabrol, O., Ruiz, F. J., Boukhris, E., & Piumi, F. (2014). (B. Genomics, Editor) Obtenido de The genome of the white-rot fungus Pycnoporus cinnabarinus: a basidiomycete model with a versatile arsenal for lignocellulosic biomass breakdown:http://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2164-15-486 102 Lewis, N. G., & Yamamoto, E. (1990). (A. R. Biol, Editor) Obtenido de Lignin: Occurrence, Biogenesis and Biodegradation:http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.pp.41.060190.002323 Liu, L., Dean, F. D., Friedman, W. E., & Eriksson, K. L. (1994). (P. J, Editor) Obtenido de A laccase-like phenoloxidase is correlated with lignin biosynthesis in Zinnia elegans stem tissues:http://doi.wiley.com/10.1046/j.1365-313X.1994.6020213.x Ljungdahl, L. G., & Eriksson, K. E. (1985). (K. C. Mars, Editor) Obtenido de Ecology of Microbial Cellulose Degradation:http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4615-9412-3_6 Madhavia, V., & Lele, S. S. (2009). (BioResources, Editor) Obtenido de LACCASE: PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS:http://www.biochemj.org/cgi/doi/10.1042/bj1870361 Malkin, R., & Malmström, B. G. (2006). Obtenido de The State and Function of Copper in Biological Systems:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4318312 Manavalan, T., Manavalan, A., & Heese, K. (2015). Obtenido de Characterization of Lignocellulolytic Enzymes from White-Rot Fungi. Curr Microbiol:http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00284-014-0743-0 Mandels, M., & Weber , J. (1969). (391–414, Editor) Obtenido de The Production of Cellulases. Cellulases and Their Applications:http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ba-1969-0095.ch023 Martı́nez, A. T. (2002). (E. M. Technol, Editor) Obtenido de Molecular biology and structure-function of lignin-degrading heme peroxidases:https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S014102290100521X 103 Martínez, A. T., Speranza, M., Ruiz, F. J., Ferreira, P., Camarero, S., & Guillén, F. (2005). (I. Microbiol, Editor) Obtenido de Biodegradation of lignocellulosics: microbial, chemical, and enzymatic aspects of the fungal attack of lignin:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16200498 Martínez, M., Rincón , F., Periago, M., Ros, G., & López, G. (1993). (R. e. Aliment, Editor) Recuperado el 6 de Agosto de 2019, de Componentes de la fibra dietética y sus efectos fisiológicos:https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=717095 Mateos, G. G., Lázaro, R., González , J. M., Jiménez, E., & Vicente, B. (2006). (U. P. Madrid, Editor) Obtenido de Efectos De La Fibra Dietética En Piensos De Iniciación Para Pollitos Y Lechones:http://www.produccionbovina.com.ar/produccion_porcina/00-produccion_porcina_general/54-fibra_piensos_iniciacion.pdf Mayer, A. M., & Staples, R. C. (2002). (Phytochemistry, Editor) Obtenido de Laccase: new functions for an old enzyme:https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031942202001711 McCahill, I. W., & Hazen, S. P. (2019). (T. P. Sci, Editor) Obtenido de Regulation of Cell Wall Thickening by a Medley of Mechanisms: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2019.05.012 McHale, A., & Coughlan, M. P. (1980). (F. Lett, Editor) Obtenido de Synergistic hydrolysis of cellulose by components of the extracellular cellulase system of Talaromyces emersonii:http://doi.wiley.com/10.1016/0014-5793%2880%2980971-9 Meister, J. J. (2019). (Elsevier, Editor) Obtenido de Chemical Modification of Lignin:https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128139417000035 Monniaux, M., & Hay, A. (2016). (C. O. Biol, Editor) Obtenido de Cells, walls, and endlesshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2016.10.010 104 Montoya, S. B. (2008). (U. N. Manizales, Editor) Obtenido de actividad enzimática, degradación de residuos sólidos orgánicos y generación de biomasa útil del macromiceto grifola frondosa:http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/956/1/sandramontoyabarreto.2008.pdf Moore, D. (1998). (C. C. Press, Editor) Obtenido de Fungal Morphogenesis:http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ref/id/CBO9780511529887 Morpurgo, L., Graziani, M. T., Finazzi, A., Rotilio, G., & Mondovì, B. (1980). (B. J, Editor) Obtenido de Optical properties of japanese-lacquer-tree ( Rhus vernicifera ) laccase depleted of type 2 copper(II). Involvement of type-2 copper(II) in the 330nm chromophore:http://www.biochemj.org/cgi/doi/10.1042/bj1870361 Niladevi, K. N. (2009). (D. S. Netherlands, Editor) Obtenido de Ligninolytic Enzymes:http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4020-9942-7_22 Nunes, C. S., & Kunamneni, A. (2018). (Elsevier, Editor) Obtenido de Laccases—properties and applications:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-805419-2.00007-1 Omiadze, N. T., Mchedlishvili, N. I., & Abutidze, M. O. (2018). (A. A. Sci, Editor) Obtenido de Phenoloxidases of perennial plants: Hydroxylase activity, isolation and physiological role:https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1512188718300885 Paliwal, R., Rawat, A. P., Rawat, M., & Rai, P. N. (2012). (A. B. Biotechnol, Editor) Obtenido de Bioligninolysis: Recent Updates for Biotechnological Solution:http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12010-012-9735-3 PaszczyÅ„ski, A., Huynh, V. B., & Crawford, R. (1985). Obtenido de Enzymatic activities of an extracellular, manganese-dependent peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. FEMS Microbiol Lett:https://academic.oup.com/femsle/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1985.tb00831.x 105 Pérez, J., Muñoz, J., De la Rubia, T., & Martínez, J. (2002). (I. Microbiol, Editor) Obtenido de Biodegradation and biological treatments of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin: an overview:http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10123-002-0062-3 Pettolino, F. A., Walsh, C., Fincher, G. B., & Bacic, A. (2012). Nat Protoc. Obtenido de Determining the polysaccharide composition of plant cell walls:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2012.081 Planas, A. (2000). Obtenido de Bacterial 1,3-1,4-β-glucanases: structure, function and protein engineering. Biochim Biophys Acta - Protein Struct Mol Enzymol:https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0167483800002314 Potty, V. H. (1996). (J. F. 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