Navigating borders and waters: India-China border disputes and the complexities of transboundary river management
Las controversias fronterizas, tales como las reclamaciones territoriales, la seguridad y la soberanía, desempeñan un papel importante en la gestión de los ríos transfronterizos. Las fronteras pueden actuar como barreras físicas que impiden la cooperación y la coordinación entre naciones, y las di...
- Autores:
-
Kumar Mahla , Pintu
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of journal
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2024
- Institución:
- Universidad Externado de Colombia
- Repositorio:
- Biblioteca Digital Universidad Externado de Colombia
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:bdigital.uexternado.edu.co:001/15730
- Acceso en línea:
- https://bdigital.uexternado.edu.co/handle/001/15730
https://doi.org/10.18601/16577558.n40.10
- Palabra clave:
- Geopolitics;
hydro-politics;
transboundary river management;
Brahmaputra basin
geopolítica;
hidropolítica;
gestión de ríos transfronterizos;
cuenca del río Brahmaputra
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Pintu Kumar Mahla - 2024
id |
uexternad2_7604240c3db5e1d2e07e8c26f84283dd |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:bdigital.uexternado.edu.co:001/15730 |
network_acronym_str |
uexternad2 |
network_name_str |
Biblioteca Digital Universidad Externado de Colombia |
repository_id_str |
|
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Navigating borders and waters: India-China border disputes and the complexities of transboundary river management |
dc.title.translated.eng.fl_str_mv |
Navigating borders and waters: India-China border disputes and the complexities of transboundary river management |
title |
Navigating borders and waters: India-China border disputes and the complexities of transboundary river management |
spellingShingle |
Navigating borders and waters: India-China border disputes and the complexities of transboundary river management Geopolitics; hydro-politics; transboundary river management; Brahmaputra basin geopolítica; hidropolítica; gestión de ríos transfronterizos; cuenca del río Brahmaputra |
title_short |
Navigating borders and waters: India-China border disputes and the complexities of transboundary river management |
title_full |
Navigating borders and waters: India-China border disputes and the complexities of transboundary river management |
title_fullStr |
Navigating borders and waters: India-China border disputes and the complexities of transboundary river management |
title_full_unstemmed |
Navigating borders and waters: India-China border disputes and the complexities of transboundary river management |
title_sort |
Navigating borders and waters: India-China border disputes and the complexities of transboundary river management |
dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Kumar Mahla , Pintu |
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv |
Kumar Mahla , Pintu |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Geopolitics; hydro-politics; transboundary river management; Brahmaputra basin |
topic |
Geopolitics; hydro-politics; transboundary river management; Brahmaputra basin geopolítica; hidropolítica; gestión de ríos transfronterizos; cuenca del río Brahmaputra |
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv |
geopolítica; hidropolítica; gestión de ríos transfronterizos; cuenca del río Brahmaputra |
description |
Las controversias fronterizas, tales como las reclamaciones territoriales, la seguridad y la soberanía, desempeñan un papel importante en la gestión de los ríos transfronterizos. Las fronteras pueden actuar como barreras físicas que impiden la cooperación y la coordinación entre naciones, y las disputas sobre la propiedad y el control de los recursos fluviales pueden exacerbar las tensiones y derivar en conflictos. La gestión de los ríos transfronterizos es una cuestión compleja y crucial a la que, en los últimos años, se le ha prestado cada vez más atención. La gestión de los ríos que atraviesan fronteras internacionales plantea numerosos retos, entre ellos aspectos políticos, económicos, sociales y medioambientales. Una gestión eficaz necesita de la cooperación de todos los países que comparten la cuenca fluvial y requiere desarrollar marcos jurídicos e institucionales que promuevan el uso sostenible, el aprovechamiento compartido equitativo y la resolución pacífica de conflictos. El objetivo de este artículo es explorar la compleja relación entre las reiteradas disputas fronterizas entre India y China, y las consecuencias de mayor alcance para la gestión de los ríos transfronterizos. Sus disputas por conflictos territoriales no resueltos tienen profundas implicaciones para las cuencas fluviales compartidas, como la del río Brahmaputra, y plantean importantes desafíos a la hora de implementar estrategias eficaces para la gestión de los ríos transfronterizos. A través de un examen interdisciplinario de factores históricos, geopolíticos e hidrológicos, este estudio arroja luz sobre las polifacéticas dimensiones de las disputas fronterizas entre China e India, y esclarece sus perjudiciales repercusiones en el aprovechamiento de los recursos fluviales transfronterizos. |
publishDate |
2024 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-06-26T16:23:50Z 2024-06-27T07:15:23Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-06-26T16:23:50Z 2024-06-27T07:15:23Z |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-06-26 |
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
Artículo de revista |
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
dc.type.coarversion.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv |
Text |
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.local.eng.fl_str_mv |
Journal article |
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv |
10.18601/16577558.n40.10 |
dc.identifier.eissn.none.fl_str_mv |
2346-2132 |
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv |
1657-7558 |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://bdigital.uexternado.edu.co/handle/001/15730 |
dc.identifier.url.none.fl_str_mv |
https://doi.org/10.18601/16577558.n40.10 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.18601/16577558.n40.10 2346-2132 1657-7558 |
url |
https://bdigital.uexternado.edu.co/handle/001/15730 https://doi.org/10.18601/16577558.n40.10 |
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
spa |
language |
spa |
dc.relation.bitstream.none.fl_str_mv |
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/download/9623/16064 |
dc.relation.citationedition.spa.fl_str_mv |
Núm. 40 , Año 2024 : Julio-Diciembre |
dc.relation.citationendpage.none.fl_str_mv |
230 |
dc.relation.citationissue.spa.fl_str_mv |
40 |
dc.relation.citationstartpage.none.fl_str_mv |
211 |
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Oasis |
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv |
Banerjee, M. (2022). Sino-Indian Border Dispute: A Brief Introduction. Asian Territorial and Maritime Disputes, 158. https:// s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/eu-st01. ext.exlibrisgroup.com/27uoj_inst/stor-age/alma/87/87/D8/49/12/C4/40/F0/F6/5C/34/A9/7F/A1/58/0E/Ra e%20 Lana%20I srael%20-%20Understanding%20China%27s%20New%20As-sertiveness%20from%20Resolved%20Territorial%20Questions.pdf?response-content-t ype=appl ic at ion%2Fpdf&X-Amz-Algorithm=aws4-hmac-sha256&X-Amz -Date=20240419T054023Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Ex-pires=119&X-Amz-Credential=akiajn6npmngjalppwaq%2F20240419%2Feu-cen-tral-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Si gnature=2449905bb29651841ae5a4917970 ac28e53cf9424b218da500ad7d95f18c756a #page=169. Baxi, G. D. (2011). China as Hydro-Hegemon: The Onset of Water Wars. Vivekananda International Foundation. https://www.vifindia.org/ article/2011/july/06/China-as-Hydro-Hegemon-The-Onset-of-Water-Wars#:~:text=%20China%20is%20the%20natural%20hydro-hegemon%20of%20Asia.,sometimes%20 around%20the%20middle%20point%20 of%20this%20century. Central Water Commission (2020). Basin Details: Brahmaputra. Government of India. https:// cwc.gov.in/bbbo/about-basins. FAO Aquastat (2011). Transboundary River Basin Overview – Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna. https://www.fao.org/3/CA2138EN/ ca2138en.pdf. Feng, Y., Wang, W., & Liu, J. (2019). Dilemmas in and Pathways to Transboundary Water Cooperation between China and India on the Yaluzangbu-Brahmaputra River. Water, 11(10), 2096. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ w11102096. Gautam, P.K. (2004). The Parechu Lake Incident: A Preliminary Analysis. Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies (IPCS). http://www.ipcs.org/comm_select.php?articleNo=1569. Indo-Asian News Service, Shimla. (2005). Tibetan lake sparks panic in HP. Press Trust of India (PTI). https://www.hindustantimes.com/ india/tibetan-lake-sparks-panic-in-hp/story-kos6YjE8BR9F13IwWsApCJ.html Jayaraman, K. (2004). Crisis foments as an unstable lake builds in the Himalayas. Nature, 430, 818. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/430818a. Joshi, M. (2022). Understanding the India-China Border. Harper Collins Publishers. Lu, Y. (2007). Looking beyond the border: The Sino- Indian border dispute and Sino-Indian relations. Heidelberg Papers in South Asian and Comparative Politics, (31). doi: https://doi. org/10.11588/hpsap.2007.31.2199. Maxwell, N. (1970). India’s China War. Jonathan Cape. Ministry of External Affairs (n.d.). India-China Bilateral Relations. Government of India. https://mea.gov.in/Portal/ForeignRelation/ ind-china-new.pdf. Ministry of Jal Shakti (n.d.). India-China Cooperation. Government of India. http://jalshakti-dowr.gov.in/international-cooperation/ bilateral-cooperation-with-neighbouring-countries/india-china-cooperation. MIT (n.d.). Dams and Reservoirs. http://12.000. s c r ipt s .mi t .edu/mi s s ion2017/dams - and-re ser voi r s /#:~:text=Bui lding%20 a%20d am%20in%20a%20r i ve r%20 causes%20great,preventing%20f ish%20 populations%20from%20migrating%20 along%20the%20river. Rajya Sabha (2015). Q. No. 52 on Dam on Brahmaputra By China. Government of India. https:// mea.gov.in/rajya-sabha.htm?dtl/26106/Q_ NO52_dam_on_brahmaputra_by_china. Sharma, S. P. (1965). The India-China Border dispute: An Indian perspective. American Journal of International Law, 59(1), 16-47. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/2197143. Siddiqui, M. (2017). China Refuses to Share Hydrological Data as India Battles Floods. https:// www.news18.com/news/india/china-refuses-to-share-hydrological-data-as-india-battles-floods-1495443.html. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (Undesa). (n.d). International Decade for Action ‘Water for Life’’ 2005-2015. https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity.shtml. United Nations. (2009). The law of transboundary aquifers. https://documents-dds-ny. un.org/doc/undoc/gen/N08/478/23/pdf/ N0847823.pdf?OpenElement. United Nations. (n.d.). Transboundary Waters. https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/ transboundary_waters.shtml. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. (n.d.). UN Watercourses Convention. https:// unece.org/environment-policy/water/un-watercourses-convention. UN-Water. (2015). Transboundary Waters Thematic Priority Area. https://unece.org/dam/env/water/publications/wat_Good_practices/2015_ pccp_Flyer_Good_Practices__light_.pdf. Wikimedia. (n.d.). Brahmaputra Basin Map. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ commons/e/e3/Yarlung_Tsangpo_map.png Xiao, F. (2021). Seismic activity in the Three Gorges region – 2021 update, Probe Int e rnat i onal . ht tps : // journa l .p ro b e i nt e r n a t i on a l . o r g /2 0 21/0 2 /25/ seismic-activity-in-the-three-gorges-region- 2021-update/ Xie, L., & Ibrahim, I. A. (2021). Is the ecosystem approach effective in transboundary water systems: Central Asia as a case study? Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water, 8(5), e1542. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1542 Yunsheng, Y. (2013). Seismic hazard assessment of the Three Gorges Project, Geodesy and Geodynamics, 4(2), 53-60. doi: https://doi. org/10.3724/SP.J.1246.2013.02053. |
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv |
Pintu Kumar Mahla - 2024 |
dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
dc.rights.coar.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
dc.rights.uri.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Pintu Kumar Mahla - 2024 http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv |
Facultad de Finanzas, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales |
dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv |
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/view/9623 |
institution |
Universidad Externado de Colombia |
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
https://bdigital.uexternado.edu.co/bitstreams/8392d4d8-6a6b-4770-9af7-f05e3c43582a/download |
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
f6494043fee7a4359db87e9e9027bb93 |
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Universidad Externado de Colombia |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
metabiblioteca@metabiblioteca.org |
_version_ |
1814100353155596288 |
spelling |
Kumar Mahla , Pintu2024-06-26T16:23:50Z2024-06-27T07:15:23Z2024-06-26T16:23:50Z2024-06-27T07:15:23Z2024-06-26Las controversias fronterizas, tales como las reclamaciones territoriales, la seguridad y la soberanía, desempeñan un papel importante en la gestión de los ríos transfronterizos. Las fronteras pueden actuar como barreras físicas que impiden la cooperación y la coordinación entre naciones, y las disputas sobre la propiedad y el control de los recursos fluviales pueden exacerbar las tensiones y derivar en conflictos. La gestión de los ríos transfronterizos es una cuestión compleja y crucial a la que, en los últimos años, se le ha prestado cada vez más atención. La gestión de los ríos que atraviesan fronteras internacionales plantea numerosos retos, entre ellos aspectos políticos, económicos, sociales y medioambientales. Una gestión eficaz necesita de la cooperación de todos los países que comparten la cuenca fluvial y requiere desarrollar marcos jurídicos e institucionales que promuevan el uso sostenible, el aprovechamiento compartido equitativo y la resolución pacífica de conflictos. El objetivo de este artículo es explorar la compleja relación entre las reiteradas disputas fronterizas entre India y China, y las consecuencias de mayor alcance para la gestión de los ríos transfronterizos. Sus disputas por conflictos territoriales no resueltos tienen profundas implicaciones para las cuencas fluviales compartidas, como la del río Brahmaputra, y plantean importantes desafíos a la hora de implementar estrategias eficaces para la gestión de los ríos transfronterizos. A través de un examen interdisciplinario de factores históricos, geopolíticos e hidrológicos, este estudio arroja luz sobre las polifacéticas dimensiones de las disputas fronterizas entre China e India, y esclarece sus perjudiciales repercusiones en el aprovechamiento de los recursos fluviales transfronterizos.Border issues, such as sovereignty, territorial claims, and security, play a significant role in transboundary river management. Borders can act as physical barriers that impede cooperation and coordination, and disputes over ownership and control of river resources can exacerbate tensions and lead to conflicts. Transboundary river management is a complex and critical issue that has gained increasing attention in recent years. The management of rivers that cross international borders raises numerous challenges, including political, economic, social, and environmental concerns. Effective management requires the cooperation of all countries sharing the river basin, and it involves the development of legal and institutional frameworks that promote sustainable use, equitable sharing, and peaceful resolution of conflicts. This paper aims to explore the intricate relationship between India’s persistent border disputes with China and their far-reaching implications for the management of transboundary rivers. Their unresolved territorial disputes have profound implications for the shared river basins, such as the Brahmaputra Basin, and pose significant challenges to the implementation of effective transboundary river management strategies. Through an interdisciplinary examination of historical, geopolitical, and hydrological factors, this study sheds light on the multifaceted dimensions of India’s border disputes with China and elucidates their detrimental impacts on the use of transboundary river resources.application/pdf10.18601/16577558.n40.102346-21321657-7558https://bdigital.uexternado.edu.co/handle/001/15730https://doi.org/10.18601/16577558.n40.10spaFacultad de Finanzas, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionaleshttps://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/download/9623/16064Núm. 40 , Año 2024 : Julio-Diciembre23040211OasisBanerjee, M. (2022). Sino-Indian Border Dispute: A Brief Introduction. Asian Territorial and Maritime Disputes, 158. https:// s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/eu-st01. ext.exlibrisgroup.com/27uoj_inst/stor-age/alma/87/87/D8/49/12/C4/40/F0/F6/5C/34/A9/7F/A1/58/0E/Ra e%20 Lana%20I srael%20-%20Understanding%20China%27s%20New%20As-sertiveness%20from%20Resolved%20Territorial%20Questions.pdf?response-content-t ype=appl ic at ion%2Fpdf&X-Amz-Algorithm=aws4-hmac-sha256&X-Amz -Date=20240419T054023Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Ex-pires=119&X-Amz-Credential=akiajn6npmngjalppwaq%2F20240419%2Feu-cen-tral-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Si gnature=2449905bb29651841ae5a4917970 ac28e53cf9424b218da500ad7d95f18c756a #page=169.Baxi, G. D. (2011). China as Hydro-Hegemon: The Onset of Water Wars. Vivekananda International Foundation. https://www.vifindia.org/ article/2011/july/06/China-as-Hydro-Hegemon-The-Onset-of-Water-Wars#:~:text=%20China%20is%20the%20natural%20hydro-hegemon%20of%20Asia.,sometimes%20 around%20the%20middle%20point%20 of%20this%20century.Central Water Commission (2020). Basin Details: Brahmaputra. Government of India. https:// cwc.gov.in/bbbo/about-basins.FAO Aquastat (2011). Transboundary River Basin Overview – Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna. https://www.fao.org/3/CA2138EN/ ca2138en.pdf.Feng, Y., Wang, W., & Liu, J. (2019). Dilemmas in and Pathways to Transboundary Water Cooperation between China and India on the Yaluzangbu-Brahmaputra River. Water, 11(10), 2096. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ w11102096.Gautam, P.K. (2004). The Parechu Lake Incident: A Preliminary Analysis. Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies (IPCS). http://www.ipcs.org/comm_select.php?articleNo=1569.Indo-Asian News Service, Shimla. (2005). Tibetan lake sparks panic in HP. Press Trust of India (PTI). https://www.hindustantimes.com/ india/tibetan-lake-sparks-panic-in-hp/story-kos6YjE8BR9F13IwWsApCJ.htmlJayaraman, K. (2004). Crisis foments as an unstable lake builds in the Himalayas. Nature, 430, 818. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/430818a.Joshi, M. (2022). Understanding the India-China Border. Harper Collins Publishers.Lu, Y. (2007). Looking beyond the border: The Sino- Indian border dispute and Sino-Indian relations. Heidelberg Papers in South Asian and Comparative Politics, (31). doi: https://doi. org/10.11588/hpsap.2007.31.2199.Maxwell, N. (1970). India’s China War. Jonathan Cape.Ministry of External Affairs (n.d.). India-China Bilateral Relations. Government of India. https://mea.gov.in/Portal/ForeignRelation/ ind-china-new.pdf.Ministry of Jal Shakti (n.d.). India-China Cooperation. Government of India. http://jalshakti-dowr.gov.in/international-cooperation/ bilateral-cooperation-with-neighbouring-countries/india-china-cooperation.MIT (n.d.). Dams and Reservoirs. http://12.000. s c r ipt s .mi t .edu/mi s s ion2017/dams - and-re ser voi r s /#:~:text=Bui lding%20 a%20d am%20in%20a%20r i ve r%20 causes%20great,preventing%20f ish%20 populations%20from%20migrating%20 along%20the%20river.Rajya Sabha (2015). Q. No. 52 on Dam on Brahmaputra By China. Government of India. https:// mea.gov.in/rajya-sabha.htm?dtl/26106/Q_ NO52_dam_on_brahmaputra_by_china.Sharma, S. P. (1965). The India-China Border dispute: An Indian perspective. American Journal of International Law, 59(1), 16-47. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/2197143.Siddiqui, M. (2017). China Refuses to Share Hydrological Data as India Battles Floods. https:// www.news18.com/news/india/china-refuses-to-share-hydrological-data-as-india-battles-floods-1495443.html.United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (Undesa). (n.d). International Decade for Action ‘Water for Life’’ 2005-2015. https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity.shtml.United Nations. (2009). The law of transboundary aquifers. https://documents-dds-ny. un.org/doc/undoc/gen/N08/478/23/pdf/ N0847823.pdf?OpenElement.United Nations. (n.d.). Transboundary Waters. https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/ transboundary_waters.shtml.United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. (n.d.). UN Watercourses Convention. https:// unece.org/environment-policy/water/un-watercourses-convention.UN-Water. (2015). Transboundary Waters Thematic Priority Area. https://unece.org/dam/env/water/publications/wat_Good_practices/2015_ pccp_Flyer_Good_Practices__light_.pdf.Wikimedia. (n.d.). Brahmaputra Basin Map. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ commons/e/e3/Yarlung_Tsangpo_map.pngXiao, F. (2021). Seismic activity in the Three Gorges region – 2021 update, Probe Int e rnat i onal . ht tps : // journa l .p ro b e i nt e r n a t i on a l . o r g /2 0 21/0 2 /25/ seismic-activity-in-the-three-gorges-region- 2021-update/Xie, L., & Ibrahim, I. A. (2021). Is the ecosystem approach effective in transboundary water systems: Central Asia as a case study? Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water, 8(5), e1542. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1542Yunsheng, Y. (2013). Seismic hazard assessment of the Three Gorges Project, Geodesy and Geodynamics, 4(2), 53-60. doi: https://doi. org/10.3724/SP.J.1246.2013.02053.Pintu Kumar Mahla - 2024info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/view/9623Geopolitics;hydro-politics;transboundary river management;Brahmaputra basingeopolítica;hidropolítica;gestión de ríos transfronterizos;cuenca del río BrahmaputraNavigating borders and waters: India-China border disputes and the complexities of transboundary river managementNavigating borders and waters: India-China border disputes and the complexities of transboundary river managementArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleJournal articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPublicationOREORE.xmltext/xml2614https://bdigital.uexternado.edu.co/bitstreams/8392d4d8-6a6b-4770-9af7-f05e3c43582a/downloadf6494043fee7a4359db87e9e9027bb93MD51001/15730oai:bdigital.uexternado.edu.co:001/157302024-06-27 02:15:23.799http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0Pintu Kumar Mahla - 2024https://bdigital.uexternado.edu.coUniversidad Externado de Colombiametabiblioteca@metabiblioteca.org |