¿Qué es la economía? Una disciplina política para el mundo real

La economía es una disciplina política que trata los problemas de la organización social y del bien general, coevoluciona con las circunstancias y es históricamente contingente. El mundo al que se dirigen las políticas económicas es un sistema complejo, pero los economistas que buscan elaborar polít...

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Autores:: K. Galbraith, James

Tipo de recurso:: Article of journal

Fecha de publicación:: 2021

Institución:: Universidad Externado de Colombia

Repositorio:: Biblioteca Digital Universidad Externado de Colombia

Idioma:: spa

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dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv	¿Qué es la economía? Una disciplina política para el mundo real
dc.title.translated.eng.fl_str_mv	What is economics? A policy discipline for the real world
title	¿Qué es la economía? Una disciplina política para el mundo real
spellingShingle	¿Qué es la economía? Una disciplina política para el mundo real economic schools, institutionalism, evolutionary theories, real-world, complexity, economic policy, social welfare A11, B13, B15, C6, D6, H00 escuelas económicas, institucionalismo, teorías evolutivas, mundo real, complejidad, política económica, bienestar social A11, B13, B15, C6, D6, H00 escolas econômicas, institucionalismo, teorias evolucionistas, mundo real, complexidade, política econômica, bem-estar social A11, B13, B15, C6, D6, H00
title_short	¿Qué es la economía? Una disciplina política para el mundo real
title_full	¿Qué es la economía? Una disciplina política para el mundo real
title_fullStr	¿Qué es la economía? Una disciplina política para el mundo real
title_full_unstemmed	¿Qué es la economía? Una disciplina política para el mundo real
title_sort	¿Qué es la economía? Una disciplina política para el mundo real
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	K. Galbraith, James
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv	K. Galbraith, James
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv	economic schools, institutionalism, evolutionary theories, real-world, complexity, economic policy, social welfare A11, B13, B15, C6, D6, H00
topic	economic schools, institutionalism, evolutionary theories, real-world, complexity, economic policy, social welfare A11, B13, B15, C6, D6, H00 escuelas económicas, institucionalismo, teorías evolutivas, mundo real, complejidad, política económica, bienestar social A11, B13, B15, C6, D6, H00 escolas econômicas, institucionalismo, teorias evolucionistas, mundo real, complexidade, política econômica, bem-estar social A11, B13, B15, C6, D6, H00
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv	escuelas económicas, institucionalismo, teorías evolutivas, mundo real, complejidad, política económica, bienestar social A11, B13, B15, C6, D6, H00 escolas econômicas, institucionalismo, teorias evolucionistas, mundo real, complexidade, política econômica, bem-estar social A11, B13, B15, C6, D6, H00
description	La economía es una disciplina política que trata los problemas de la organización social y del bien general, coevoluciona con las circunstancias y es históricamente contingente. El mundo al que se dirigen las políticas económicas es un sistema complejo, pero los economistas que buscan elaborar políticas apropiadas se guían necesariamente por simplificaciones y heurísticas. La pregunta que enfrenta la disciplina es qué tipo de simplificación se adapta mejor a la tarea. Este artículo argumenta que las generalizaciones, simplificaciones, heurísticas y principios apropiados se deben derivar del estudio del mundo real. Aunque pueden emplear herramientas matemáticas y aprovechar ideas del comportamiento de los sistemas matemáticos, estos son inadecuados, en especial cuando parten de los dogmas muertos de la corriente neoclásica: ex nihilo nihil fit.
publishDate	2021
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2021-12-14 00:00:00 2022-09-09T21:19:07Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2021-12-14 00:00:00 2022-09-09T21:19:07Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2021-12-14
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv	Artículo de revista
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dc.relation.citationedition.spa.fl_str_mv	Núm. 46 , Año 2022 : Enero-Junio
dc.relation.citationendpage.none.fl_str_mv	25
dc.relation.citationissue.spa.fl_str_mv	46
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dc.relation.ispartofjournal.spa.fl_str_mv	Revista de Economía Institucional
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv	Alvaredo, F., Chancel, L., Piketty, T. et al. (2017). World inequality report 2018. Paris: World Inequality Lab. Arrow, K. y Debreu, G. (1954). Existence of an equilibrium for a competitive economy. Econometrica, 22(3), 265-290. Arthur, B. (en preparación). Foundations of complexity economics. En P. Chen, W. Elsner y A. Pyka (eds.), A handbook of complexity economics. Nueva York: Routledge. Ayres, C. E. (1944). The theory of economic progress. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. Azmanova, A. (2020). Capitalism on edge: How fighting precarity can achieve radical change without crisis or utopia. Nueva York: Columbia University Press. Basalla, G. (1989). The evolution of technology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Berner, M. (2005). The federal budget’s core and periphery: Patterns of budget outcomes. Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting and Financial Management, 17(4), 437-470. Black, W. K. (2005). The best way to rob a bank is to own one: How corporate executives and politicians looted the S&L Industry. Austin: University of Texas Press. Bresser P., L. C. (2010). Globalization and competition: Why some emergent countries succeed while others fall behind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Carter, Z. D. (2020). The price of peace: Money, democracy and the life of John Maynard Keynes. Nueva York: Random House. Chang H. y Grabel I. (2014). Reclaiming development: An alternative economic policy manual. Londres y Nueva York: Zed Books. Chen P. (en preparación). From complexity science to complexity economics. En P. Chen, W. Elsner y A. Pyka (eds.), A handbook of complexity economics. Nueva York: Routledge. Chen, J. y Galbraith, James K. (2009). A biophysical approach to production theory, UTIP working paper No. 55, [http://utip.lbj.utexas.edu]. Chen, J. y Galbraith, James K. (2011). Institutional structures and policies in an environment of increasingly scarce and expensive resources: A fixed cost perspective. Journal of Economic Issues, 45(2), 301-309. Chen, J. y Galbraith, James K. (2012a). A common framework for evolutionary and institutional economics. Journal of Economic Issues, 46(2), 419-428. Chen, J. y Galbraith, James K. (2012b). Austerity and fraud under different structures of technology and resource abundance. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 36(1), 335-343. Commons, J. R. (1934). Institutional economics. Nueva York: Macmillan. Conceição, P., Galbraith, James K. y Bradford, P. (2001). The Theil Index in sequences of nested and hierarchical grouping structures: Implications for the measurement of inequality through time, with data aggregated at different levels of industrial classification. Eastern Economic Journal, 27(4), 491-514. Davis, W. W. (1983). “China, the Confucian ideal, and the European Age of Enlightenment. Journal of the History of Ideas, 44(4), 523-548. Ferguson, T., Galbraith, James K. (1999). The American wage structure, 1920-1947. Research in Economic History, 19, 205-257 Frank, T. (2020). The people, no: A brief history of anti-Populism. Nueva York: Metropolitan Books. Friedman, M. y Schwartz, A. J. (1963). A monetary history of the United States. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Fukuyama, F. (1992). The end of history and the last man. Nueva York: Free Press. Gaffney, M. (2007). Neo-classical economics as a stratagem against Henry George. En M. Gaffney y F. Harrison (eds.), The corruption of economics (pp. 29-164). Londres: Shepheard-Walwyn Publishing Co. Galbraith, J. K. (1952). A theory of price control. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Galbraith, J. K. (1958). The affluent society. Cambridge, MA: Houghton-Mifflin. Galbraith, J. K. (1967). The new industrial State. Cambridge, MA: Houghton-Mifflin. Galbraith, J. K. (2009). The great crash, 1929. Nueva York: Mariner Books. Galbraith, James K. (1981). A theory of the government budget process, PhD Dissertation submitted to the Economics Department, Yale University. Galbraith, James K. (1996). Keynes, Einstein and scientific revolution. En P. Arestis y M. Sawyer (eds.), Keynes, money and the open economy: Essays in honor of Paul Davidson, v. 1 (pp. 14-21). Aldershot: Edward Elgar. Galbraith, James K. (1998). Created unequal: The crisis in American pay. Nueva York: The Free Press. Galbraith, James K. (2000). Capital mismanagement: Roger Lowenstein, when genius failed: The rise and fall of long-term capital management. The Washington Monthly, 32(9), 46-47. Galbraith, James K. (2007). Global inequality and global macroeconomics. Journal of Policy Modeling, 29(4), 587-607. Galbraith, James K. (2014). Inequality and instability: A study of the world economy just before the Great Crisis. Nueva York: Oxford University Press. Galbraith, James K. (2019a). A global macroeconomics – yes, macroeconomics, dammit – of inequality and income distribution. Review of Keynesian Economics, 7(1), 1-5. Galbraith, James K. (2019b). Sparse, inconsistent and unreliable: Tax records and the World Inequality Report 2018. Development and Change, 50(2), 329-346. Galbraith, James K. (2020). Bad economic theory and practice, demolished. The American Prospect, [https://prospect.org/economy/bad economictheory-and-practice-demolished/]. Galbraith, James K. y Berner, M. (eds.). (2001). Inequality and industrial change: A global view. Nueva York: Cambridge University Press. Galbraith, James K. y Choi, J. (2020). Inequality under globalization: State of knowledge and implications for economics. Real-World Economics Review, 92, 84-102. Galbraith, James K. y H. Kum, (2005). Estimating the inequality of household incomes: Toward a dense and consistent global data set. Review of Income and Wealth, 51(1), 115-143. Galbraith, James K. y Lu, J. (2001). Cluster and discriminant analysis on time-series as a research tool. UTIP, documento de trabajo Nº. 6, [http://utip.lbj.utexas.edu]. Galbraith, James K., Choi, J., Halbach, B. et al. (2016). A comparison of major world inequality data sets: LIS, OECD, EU-SILC, WDI and EHII. En L. Cappellari, S. W. Polachek y K. Tatsiramos (eds.), Income inequality around the world. Research in labor economics, v. 44 (pp. 1- 48). Bingley: Emerald Group. Galbraith, James K., Halbach, B., Malinowska, A. et al. (2016). The UTIP global inequality data sets 1963-2008: Updates, revisions and quality checks. En K. Basu, V. Hon y J. Stiglitz (eds.), Inequality and growth (pp. 87-106). Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan. Georgescu-R. N. (1971). The entropy law and the economic process. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Goldin, C., Katz, L. (2010). The race between technology and education. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Graham, B. (1997). Storage and stability: A modern ever-normal granary. Nueva York: McGraw-Hill. Hall P. A. y Soskice D. (2001). Varieties of capitalism: The institutional foundations of comparative advantage. Oxford y Nueva York: Oxford University Press. Hall, C. A. S. y Klitgaard, K. (2018). Energy and the wealth of nations: An introduction to biophysical economics. Cham: Springer International Publications. Harcourt, G. (1972). Some Cambridge controversies in the theory of capital. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kaldor, N. (1985). Economics without equilibrium. Armonk: M. E. Sharpe. Katz, L. y Summers, L. (1989). Industry rents: Evidence and implications. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity: Microeconomics, 1, 209-290. Keen, S. (2011). Debunking economics: The naked emperor dethroned? Nueva York: Zed Books. Kelton, S. (2020). The deficit myth: Modern monetary theory and the birth of the people’s economy. Nueva York: Public Affairs. Keynes, J.M. (1936). The general theory of employment, interest and money. Londres: MacMillan. Kolodko, G. (2020). China and the future of globalization: The political economy of China’s rise. Londres y Nueva York: I.B. Tauris. Mandelbrot, B.B. (1999). A multifractal walk down Wall Street. Scientific American, 280(2), 70-73. Meadows, D. H., Meadows, D. L., Randers, J. et al. (1972). The limits to growth: A report for the Club of Rome’s Project on the predicament of mankind. Nueva York: Universe Books. Minsky, H. (2008). Stabilizng an unstable economy. Nueva York: McGraw-Hill Educational. Peirce, C. S. (1877). Illustrations of the logic of science. The Popular Science Monthly, XII, p. 2. Reinert, E., Ghosh, J. y Kattel, R. (2016). Handbook of alternative theories of economic development. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. Robinson, J. (1956). The accumulation of capital. Londres: MacMillan. Rose, S. (2018). Parsing Piketty: Getting the facts right on inequality and middle-class incomes. Manuscrito inédito. Samuelson, P. A. (1947). Foundations of economic analysis. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Samuelson, P.A. (1948). Economics. Nueva York: McGraw-Hill. Scarf, H.E. y Hansen, T. (1973). The computation of economic equilibria. Cowles Foundation, Monograph No. 24, New Haven, CT y Londres, UK: Yale University Press. Schumpeter, J.A. (1942). Capitalism, socialism and democracy. Nueva York: Harper and Brothers. Smith, A. (1776). An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations. Edimburgo, disponible en línea y en muchas ediciones. Solow, R. (1967). The new industrial State: Son of affluence. The Public Interest, [https://www.nationalaffairs.com/public_interest/detail/the-newindustrial-state-son-of-affluence]. Sraffa, P. (1960). Production of commodities by means of commodities. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Tcherneva, P. (2020). The case for a job guarantee. Nueva York: Polity. Theil, H. (1972). Statistical decomposition analysis: With applications in the social and administrative sciences. Ámsterdam y Londres: North-Holland. Varoufakis, Y., Halevi, J. y Theocarakis, N. (2011). Modern political economics: Making sense of the post-2008 world. Nueva York: Routledge. Veblen, T. (1898). Why is economics not an evolutionary science? The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 12(4), 373-397. Weber, I.M. (2021). How China escaped shock therapy. Nueva York: Routledge. Wray, R. (2006). Understanding modern money: The key to full employment and price stability. Cheltelham: Edward Elgar. Yakovenko, N. y Rosser, B. (en preparación). Statistical mechanics of money, wealth and income. En P. Chen, W. Elsner y A. Pyka (eds.), A handbook of complexity economics. Nueva York: Routledge.
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv	James K. Galbraith - 2021
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spelling	K. Galbraith, James682e0f2f-c882-41a2-a474-1249947234062021-12-14 00:00:002022-09-09T21:19:07Z2021-12-14 00:00:002022-09-09T21:19:07Z2021-12-14La economía es una disciplina política que trata los problemas de la organización social y del bien general, coevoluciona con las circunstancias y es históricamente contingente. El mundo al que se dirigen las políticas económicas es un sistema complejo, pero los economistas que buscan elaborar políticas apropiadas se guían necesariamente por simplificaciones y heurísticas. La pregunta que enfrenta la disciplina es qué tipo de simplificación se adapta mejor a la tarea. Este artículo argumenta que las generalizaciones, simplificaciones, heurísticas y principios apropiados se deben derivar del estudio del mundo real. Aunque pueden emplear herramientas matemáticas y aprovechar ideas del comportamiento de los sistemas matemáticos, estos son inadecuados, en especial cuando parten de los dogmas muertos de la corriente neoclásica: ex nihilo nihil fit.Economics is a policy discipline that deals with the problems of social organization and the general good. It co-evolves with circumstances, and it is historically contingent. The world to which economic policies are ultimately addressed is a complex system. Yet economists seeking to develop appropriate policies are necessarily guided by simplifications and heuristics. The question before the discipline is to decide what sort of simplification is best suited to the task. In the spirit of modern science, this paper argues that appropriate generalizations, simplifications, heuristics, and principles are to be derived from a study of the actual world. While these may deploy mathematical tools and draw on insights from the behavior of mathematical systems, the latter by themselves are inadequate, especially where they start from the dead dogmas of the neoclassical mainstream: ex nihilo nihil fit.application/pdf10.18601/01245996.v24n46.022346-24500124-5996https://bdigital.uexternado.edu.co/handle/001/12281https://doi.org/10.18601/01245996.v24n46.02spaUniversidad Externado de Colombiahttps://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/ecoins/article/download/7623/10668Núm. 46 , Año 2022 : Enero-Junio2546324Revista de Economía InstitucionalAlvaredo, F., Chancel, L., Piketty, T. et al. (2017). World inequality report 2018. Paris: World Inequality Lab. Arrow, K. y Debreu, G. (1954). Existence of an equilibrium for a competitive economy. Econometrica, 22(3), 265-290. Arthur, B. (en preparación). Foundations of complexity economics. En P. Chen, W. Elsner y A. Pyka (eds.), A handbook of complexity economics. Nueva York: Routledge. Ayres, C. E. (1944). The theory of economic progress. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. Azmanova, A. (2020). Capitalism on edge: How fighting precarity can achieve radical change without crisis or utopia. Nueva York: Columbia University Press. Basalla, G. (1989). The evolution of technology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Berner, M. (2005). The federal budget’s core and periphery: Patterns of budget outcomes. Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting and Financial Management, 17(4), 437-470. Black, W. K. (2005). The best way to rob a bank is to own one: How corporate executives and politicians looted the S&L Industry. Austin: University of Texas Press. Bresser P., L. C. (2010). Globalization and competition: Why some emergent countries succeed while others fall behind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Carter, Z. D. (2020). The price of peace: Money, democracy and the life of John Maynard Keynes. Nueva York: Random House. Chang H. y Grabel I. (2014). Reclaiming development: An alternative economic policy manual. Londres y Nueva York: Zed Books. Chen P. (en preparación). From complexity science to complexity economics. En P. Chen, W. Elsner y A. Pyka (eds.), A handbook of complexity economics. Nueva York: Routledge. Chen, J. y Galbraith, James K. (2009). A biophysical approach to production theory, UTIP working paper No. 55, [http://utip.lbj.utexas.edu]. Chen, J. y Galbraith, James K. (2011). Institutional structures and policies in an environment of increasingly scarce and expensive resources: A fixed cost perspective. Journal of Economic Issues, 45(2), 301-309. Chen, J. y Galbraith, James K. (2012a). A common framework for evolutionary and institutional economics. Journal of Economic Issues, 46(2), 419-428. Chen, J. y Galbraith, James K. (2012b). Austerity and fraud under different structures of technology and resource abundance. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 36(1), 335-343. Commons, J. R. (1934). Institutional economics. Nueva York: Macmillan. Conceição, P., Galbraith, James K. y Bradford, P. (2001). The Theil Index in sequences of nested and hierarchical grouping structures: Implications for the measurement of inequality through time, with data aggregated at different levels of industrial classification. Eastern Economic Journal, 27(4), 491-514. Davis, W. W. (1983). “China, the Confucian ideal, and the European Age of Enlightenment. Journal of the History of Ideas, 44(4), 523-548. Ferguson, T., Galbraith, James K. (1999). The American wage structure, 1920-1947. Research in Economic History, 19, 205-257 Frank, T. (2020). The people, no: A brief history of anti-Populism. Nueva York: Metropolitan Books. Friedman, M. y Schwartz, A. J. (1963). A monetary history of the United States. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Fukuyama, F. (1992). The end of history and the last man. Nueva York: Free Press. Gaffney, M. (2007). Neo-classical economics as a stratagem against Henry George. En M. Gaffney y F. Harrison (eds.), The corruption of economics (pp. 29-164). Londres: Shepheard-Walwyn Publishing Co. Galbraith, J. K. (1952). A theory of price control. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Galbraith, J. K. (1958). The affluent society. Cambridge, MA: Houghton-Mifflin. Galbraith, J. K. (1967). The new industrial State. Cambridge, MA: Houghton-Mifflin. Galbraith, J. K. (2009). The great crash, 1929. Nueva York: Mariner Books. Galbraith, James K. (1981). A theory of the government budget process, PhD Dissertation submitted to the Economics Department, Yale University. Galbraith, James K. (1996). Keynes, Einstein and scientific revolution. En P. Arestis y M. Sawyer (eds.), Keynes, money and the open economy: Essays in honor of Paul Davidson, v. 1 (pp. 14-21). Aldershot: Edward Elgar. Galbraith, James K. (1998). Created unequal: The crisis in American pay. Nueva York: The Free Press. Galbraith, James K. (2000). Capital mismanagement: Roger Lowenstein, when genius failed: The rise and fall of long-term capital management. The Washington Monthly, 32(9), 46-47. Galbraith, James K. (2007). Global inequality and global macroeconomics. Journal of Policy Modeling, 29(4), 587-607. Galbraith, James K. (2014). Inequality and instability: A study of the world economy just before the Great Crisis. Nueva York: Oxford University Press. Galbraith, James K. (2019a). A global macroeconomics – yes, macroeconomics, dammit – of inequality and income distribution. Review of Keynesian Economics, 7(1), 1-5. Galbraith, James K. (2019b). Sparse, inconsistent and unreliable: Tax records and the World Inequality Report 2018. Development and Change, 50(2), 329-346. Galbraith, James K. (2020). Bad economic theory and practice, demolished. The American Prospect, [https://prospect.org/economy/bad economictheory-and-practice-demolished/]. Galbraith, James K. y Berner, M. (eds.). (2001). Inequality and industrial change: A global view. Nueva York: Cambridge University Press. Galbraith, James K. y Choi, J. (2020). Inequality under globalization: State of knowledge and implications for economics. Real-World Economics Review, 92, 84-102. Galbraith, James K. y H. Kum, (2005). Estimating the inequality of household incomes: Toward a dense and consistent global data set. Review of Income and Wealth, 51(1), 115-143. Galbraith, James K. y Lu, J. (2001). Cluster and discriminant analysis on time-series as a research tool. UTIP, documento de trabajo Nº. 6, [http://utip.lbj.utexas.edu]. Galbraith, James K., Choi, J., Halbach, B. et al. (2016). A comparison of major world inequality data sets: LIS, OECD, EU-SILC, WDI and EHII. En L. Cappellari, S. W. Polachek y K. Tatsiramos (eds.), Income inequality around the world. Research in labor economics, v. 44 (pp. 1- 48). Bingley: Emerald Group. Galbraith, James K., Halbach, B., Malinowska, A. et al. (2016). The UTIP global inequality data sets 1963-2008: Updates, revisions and quality checks. En K. Basu, V. Hon y J. Stiglitz (eds.), Inequality and growth (pp. 87-106). Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan. Georgescu-R. N. (1971). The entropy law and the economic process. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Goldin, C., Katz, L. (2010). The race between technology and education. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Graham, B. (1997). Storage and stability: A modern ever-normal granary. Nueva York: McGraw-Hill. Hall P. A. y Soskice D. (2001). Varieties of capitalism: The institutional foundations of comparative advantage. Oxford y Nueva York: Oxford University Press. Hall, C. A. S. y Klitgaard, K. (2018). Energy and the wealth of nations: An introduction to biophysical economics. Cham: Springer International Publications. Harcourt, G. (1972). Some Cambridge controversies in the theory of capital. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kaldor, N. (1985). Economics without equilibrium. Armonk: M. 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Statistical mechanics of money, wealth and income. En P. Chen, W. Elsner y A. Pyka (eds.), A handbook of complexity economics. Nueva York: Routledge.James K. Galbraith - 2021info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/ecoins/article/view/7623economic schools, institutionalism, evolutionary theories, real-world, complexity, economic policy, social welfareA11, B13, B15, C6, D6, H00escuelas económicas, institucionalismo, teorías evolutivas, mundo real, complejidad, política económica, bienestar socialA11, B13, B15, C6, D6, H00escolas econômicas, institucionalismo, teorias evolucionistas, mundo real, complexidade, política econômica, bem-estar socialA11, B13, B15, C6, D6, H00¿Qué es la economía? Una disciplina política para el mundo realWhat is economics? A policy discipline for the real worldArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleJournal articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTREFinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPublicationOREORE.xmltext/xml2506https://bdigital.uexternado.edu.co/bitstreams/02182ba6-1f09-4e6a-b56e-7733cdbc093d/downloadf9099c91a4b169b4a6accc647ae662eaMD51001/12281oai:bdigital.uexternado.edu.co:001/122812023-08-14 15:01:59.507http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0James K. Galbraith - 2021https://bdigital.uexternado.edu.coUniversidad Externado de Colombiametabiblioteca@metabiblioteca.org

¿Qué es la economía? Una disciplina política para el mundo real

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