Observing Caribbean Elections During the Pandemic: Challenges and Best Practices

Este artículo examina cómo la práctica de la observación electoral internacional en los países caribeños de la Commonwealth se vio afectada por la pandemia de covid-19. Muchos países se enfrentaron a la decisión de realizar o retrasar elecciones durante esta crisis. Entre marzo de 2020 y junio de 20...

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Autores:
Vasciannie, Lisa
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2022
Institución:
Universidad Externado de Colombia
Repositorio:
Biblioteca Digital Universidad Externado de Colombia
Idioma:
spa
OAI Identifier:
oai:bdigital.uexternado.edu.co:001/15161
Acceso en línea:
https://bdigital.uexternado.edu.co/handle/001/15161
https://doi.org/10.18601/16577558.n37.12
Palabra clave:
Caribbean;
Commonwealth;
Elections;
Observation;
Democracy;
Pandemic;
Governance
Caribe;
Commonwealth;
elecciones;
misiones de observación;
democracia;
pandemia;
gobernanza
Rights
openAccess
License
Lisa Vasciannie - 2022
id uexternad2_36c2018c6c3024ff3213b0baec16d26d
oai_identifier_str oai:bdigital.uexternado.edu.co:001/15161
network_acronym_str uexternad2
network_name_str Biblioteca Digital Universidad Externado de Colombia
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Observing Caribbean Elections During the Pandemic: Challenges and Best Practices
dc.title.translated.eng.fl_str_mv Observing Caribbean Elections During the Pandemic: Challenges and Best Practices
title Observing Caribbean Elections During the Pandemic: Challenges and Best Practices
spellingShingle Observing Caribbean Elections During the Pandemic: Challenges and Best Practices
Caribbean;
Commonwealth;
Elections;
Observation;
Democracy;
Pandemic;
Governance
Caribe;
Commonwealth;
elecciones;
misiones de observación;
democracia;
pandemia;
gobernanza
title_short Observing Caribbean Elections During the Pandemic: Challenges and Best Practices
title_full Observing Caribbean Elections During the Pandemic: Challenges and Best Practices
title_fullStr Observing Caribbean Elections During the Pandemic: Challenges and Best Practices
title_full_unstemmed Observing Caribbean Elections During the Pandemic: Challenges and Best Practices
title_sort Observing Caribbean Elections During the Pandemic: Challenges and Best Practices
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Vasciannie, Lisa
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv Vasciannie, Lisa
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Caribbean;
Commonwealth;
Elections;
Observation;
Democracy;
Pandemic;
Governance
topic Caribbean;
Commonwealth;
Elections;
Observation;
Democracy;
Pandemic;
Governance
Caribe;
Commonwealth;
elecciones;
misiones de observación;
democracia;
pandemia;
gobernanza
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Caribe;
Commonwealth;
elecciones;
misiones de observación;
democracia;
pandemia;
gobernanza
description Este artículo examina cómo la práctica de la observación electoral internacional en los países caribeños de la Commonwealth se vio afectada por la pandemia de covid-19. Muchos países se enfrentaron a la decisión de realizar o retrasar elecciones durante esta crisis. Entre marzo de 2020 y junio de 2022, 10 de los 12 países de la Commonwealth en el Caribe celebraron elecciones. Todos estos países, excepto Barbados, han tenido sus elecciones observadas por al menos una organización regional o internacional durante las últimas dos décadas. El cierre de fronteras y los diversos requisitos de cuarentena tuvieron implicaciones prácticas para mantener esta tendencia durante la pandemia. La mayoría de los países que invitan regularmente a observadores internacionales no lo hicieron en esta ocasión. Este artículo considera las razones de la ausencia de observadores en algunas elecciones y explora los ajustes que los grupos de observadores han tenido que hacer durante los últimos dos años. También explora cómo los países del Caribe pudieron manifestar su compromiso de celebrar elecciones libres y justas en ausencia de observadores. Para los países que tenían observadores, la discusión examina cómo estas misiones se enfrentaron a problemas de costos, periodos de invitación más cortos, desafíos en viajes internacionales, reclutamiento de observadores adecuados y protocolos y limitaciones pandémicas locales.
publishDate 2022
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2024-06-05T20:04:46Z
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2024-06-05T20:04:46Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2022-12-05
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
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dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv Barrow-Giles, C. (2005). Political Party Financing and Women ́ s Political Participation in the Caribbean, http://www.oas.org/sap/publications/2005/fiapp/grassroots_airwaves/doc/pbl_grassroots_004_05_eng.pdf
Charles, J. (2020). Surging COVID in Jamaica, leads Holness to change course. Miami Herald, 24.
Election Observation Missions Requested by the Government of Trinidad and Tobago (s. f.). Trinidad and Tobago Government News, http://news.gov.tt/content/election-observation-missionsrequested-government-trinidad-and-tobago#.YOtcgOhKg2x
Geisler, G. (1993). Fair? What has fairness got to do with it? Vagaries of election observations and democratic standards. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 31 (4), 613-637.
General Elections (2020). Government of Belize Press Office (October 2020) https://www.pressoffice.gov.bz/general-elections-2020/ (accessed February 2022)
International IDEA (2022). Managing Elections During COVID-19: The Republic of Korea’s First Crucial Test. IDEA.
Lynge-Manguiera, H. (2013). Why ‘Professionalizing’ International Election Observation Might Not be Enough to Ensure Effective Election Observation. International IDEA.
Matlosa, K. (2021). Pouring Salt into the Wound:The Crisis of International Election Observation and COVID-19 in Africa. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 56 (8).
Norwegian Refugee Council (2020). Election Observation During the Pandemic. https://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/election-observation-during-pandemic
Organization of American States (OAS) (1948). Charter of the Organisation of American States. OAS.
Organization of American States (OAS) (2001). Inter- American Democratic Charter. OAS.
Organization of American States (OAS) (2007). Procedural Manual for the Organization of Election Observation Missions. OAS.
SKN (2020, May 22). Supervisor of Elections Elvin Bailey delivers address in relation to General Election 2020. NIA - Nevis Island Administration. https://nia.gov.kn/41522-2
Parliamentary Registration Department, https://www.elections.gov.bs/np-registration-centres
St Kitts-Nevis (2020, May 29). PM revokes OAS/EOM invitation for June 5 elections. Caribbean News Global. https://www.caribbeannewsglobal.com/st-kitts-nevis-pm-revokes-oas-eom-invitationfor-june-5-elections/
The Commonwealth (2020). Commonwealth Observer Group to the Cooperative Republic of Guyana, Interim Statement. The Commonwealth
The Commonwealth (2021). Report of the Commonwealth Observer Group, Saint Lucia General Elections. The Commonwealth
The Commonwealth (2022). COVID-19 and Election Management in the Caribbean: Challenges, Innovations and Opportunities. The Commonwealth.
The Gleaner (1997, August 8). No International Observers for Elections – PM. The Gleaner.
UN Women (2015). Women’s Political Leadership in the Caribbean. UN Women.
United Nations (2005). Declaration of Principles and Code of Conduct for International Observers. ONU.
United Nations (2015). UN Sustainable Development Goals. ONU.
Vasciannie, L. A. (2002). International Election Observation: The Case of the December 1997
Jamaican Election. Social and Economic Studies, 51, 117-154.
Vasciannie, L. A. (2017). International Election Observation in Guyana: 1964-2001. Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, 5, 141-1645. https://doi.org/10.1080/14662043.2017.1283476
Vasciannie, L. A. (2018a). International Election Observation in the Commonwealth Caribbean: Race, Aid and Democratization. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59069-1
Vasciannie, L. A. (2018b). The Organization of American States: Evolution of Election Observation in the Inter-American System 1962-2017. Caribbean Journal of International Relations.
Vasciannie, L. A. (2021). Jamaica and Covid-19: issues of law and policy in the first year. The Round Table. https://doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2021.1956756
World Health Organization (WHO) (2020). Public health considerations for elections and related activities in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: interim guidance. WHO.
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv Lisa Vasciannie - 2022
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spelling Vasciannie, Lisa2022-12-05T00:00:00Z2024-06-05T20:04:46Z2022-12-05T00:00:00Z2024-06-05T20:04:46Z2022-12-05Este artículo examina cómo la práctica de la observación electoral internacional en los países caribeños de la Commonwealth se vio afectada por la pandemia de covid-19. Muchos países se enfrentaron a la decisión de realizar o retrasar elecciones durante esta crisis. Entre marzo de 2020 y junio de 2022, 10 de los 12 países de la Commonwealth en el Caribe celebraron elecciones. Todos estos países, excepto Barbados, han tenido sus elecciones observadas por al menos una organización regional o internacional durante las últimas dos décadas. El cierre de fronteras y los diversos requisitos de cuarentena tuvieron implicaciones prácticas para mantener esta tendencia durante la pandemia. La mayoría de los países que invitan regularmente a observadores internacionales no lo hicieron en esta ocasión. Este artículo considera las razones de la ausencia de observadores en algunas elecciones y explora los ajustes que los grupos de observadores han tenido que hacer durante los últimos dos años. También explora cómo los países del Caribe pudieron manifestar su compromiso de celebrar elecciones libres y justas en ausencia de observadores. Para los países que tenían observadores, la discusión examina cómo estas misiones se enfrentaron a problemas de costos, periodos de invitación más cortos, desafíos en viajes internacionales, reclutamiento de observadores adecuados y protocolos y limitaciones pandémicas locales.This paper examines how the practice of international election observation in the Commonwealth Caribbean was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Many countries were faced with the decision on whether to conduct or delay elections during the pandemic. Between March 2020 and June 2022, 10 out of 12 Commonwealth Caribbean countries held elections.1 All these countries, except for Barbados, have had their elections observed by at least one regional or international organization during the last two decades.2 The closure of borders and the various quarantine requirements had practical implications for maintaining this trend during the pandemic. Most countries that regularly invite international observers did not have their pandemic-held elections observed. This paper considers the reasons for the absence of observers in some elections and explores the adjustments observer groups have had to make during the last two years. The discussion also explores how Caribbean countries were able to indicate their commitment to holding free and fair elections in the absence of observers. For the countries that had observers, the discussion examines how these missions navigated issues of cost, shorter invitation periods, challenges in international travel, the recruitment of suitable observers and local pandemic protocols and conditions.application/pdftext/htmltext/xml10.18601/16577558.n37.122346-21321657-7558https://bdigital.uexternado.edu.co/handle/001/15161https://doi.org/10.18601/16577558.n37.12spaFacultad de Finanzas, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionaleshttps://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/download/8427/13613https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/download/8427/13614https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/download/8427/13615Núm. 37 , Año 2023 : Enero-Junio23737217OasisBarrow-Giles, C. (2005). Political Party Financing and Women ́ s Political Participation in the Caribbean, http://www.oas.org/sap/publications/2005/fiapp/grassroots_airwaves/doc/pbl_grassroots_004_05_eng.pdfCharles, J. (2020). Surging COVID in Jamaica, leads Holness to change course. Miami Herald, 24.Election Observation Missions Requested by the Government of Trinidad and Tobago (s. f.). Trinidad and Tobago Government News, http://news.gov.tt/content/election-observation-missionsrequested-government-trinidad-and-tobago#.YOtcgOhKg2xGeisler, G. (1993). Fair? What has fairness got to do with it? Vagaries of election observations and democratic standards. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 31 (4), 613-637.General Elections (2020). Government of Belize Press Office (October 2020) https://www.pressoffice.gov.bz/general-elections-2020/ (accessed February 2022)International IDEA (2022). Managing Elections During COVID-19: The Republic of Korea’s First Crucial Test. IDEA.Lynge-Manguiera, H. (2013). Why ‘Professionalizing’ International Election Observation Might Not be Enough to Ensure Effective Election Observation. International IDEA.Matlosa, K. (2021). Pouring Salt into the Wound:The Crisis of International Election Observation and COVID-19 in Africa. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 56 (8).Norwegian Refugee Council (2020). Election Observation During the Pandemic. https://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/election-observation-during-pandemicOrganization of American States (OAS) (1948). Charter of the Organisation of American States. OAS.Organization of American States (OAS) (2001). Inter- American Democratic Charter. OAS.Organization of American States (OAS) (2007). Procedural Manual for the Organization of Election Observation Missions. OAS.SKN (2020, May 22). Supervisor of Elections Elvin Bailey delivers address in relation to General Election 2020. NIA - Nevis Island Administration. https://nia.gov.kn/41522-2Parliamentary Registration Department, https://www.elections.gov.bs/np-registration-centresSt Kitts-Nevis (2020, May 29). PM revokes OAS/EOM invitation for June 5 elections. Caribbean News Global. https://www.caribbeannewsglobal.com/st-kitts-nevis-pm-revokes-oas-eom-invitationfor-june-5-elections/The Commonwealth (2020). Commonwealth Observer Group to the Cooperative Republic of Guyana, Interim Statement. The CommonwealthThe Commonwealth (2021). Report of the Commonwealth Observer Group, Saint Lucia General Elections. The CommonwealthThe Commonwealth (2022). COVID-19 and Election Management in the Caribbean: Challenges, Innovations and Opportunities. The Commonwealth.The Gleaner (1997, August 8). No International Observers for Elections – PM. The Gleaner.UN Women (2015). Women’s Political Leadership in the Caribbean. UN Women.United Nations (2005). Declaration of Principles and Code of Conduct for International Observers. ONU.United Nations (2015). UN Sustainable Development Goals. ONU.Vasciannie, L. A. (2002). International Election Observation: The Case of the December 1997Jamaican Election. Social and Economic Studies, 51, 117-154.Vasciannie, L. A. (2017). International Election Observation in Guyana: 1964-2001. Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, 5, 141-1645. https://doi.org/10.1080/14662043.2017.1283476Vasciannie, L. A. (2018a). International Election Observation in the Commonwealth Caribbean: Race, Aid and Democratization. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59069-1Vasciannie, L. A. (2018b). The Organization of American States: Evolution of Election Observation in the Inter-American System 1962-2017. Caribbean Journal of International Relations.Vasciannie, L. A. (2021). Jamaica and Covid-19: issues of law and policy in the first year. The Round Table. https://doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2021.1956756World Health Organization (WHO) (2020). Public health considerations for elections and related activities in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: interim guidance. WHO.Lisa Vasciannie - 2022info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/view/8427Caribbean;Commonwealth;Elections;Observation;Democracy;Pandemic;GovernanceCaribe;Commonwealth;elecciones;misiones de observación;democracia;pandemia;gobernanzaObserving Caribbean Elections During the Pandemic: Challenges and Best PracticesObserving Caribbean Elections During the Pandemic: Challenges and Best PracticesArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleJournal articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPublicationOREORE.xmltext/xml2563https://bdigital.uexternado.edu.co/bitstreams/a15d67ce-6255-4470-b82a-37cf2a57669f/download40a75a33ba448014094148483b607b1dMD51001/15161oai:bdigital.uexternado.edu.co:001/151612024-06-05 15:04:46.417http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0Lisa Vasciannie - 2022https://bdigital.uexternado.edu.coUniversidad Externado de Colombiametabiblioteca@metabiblioteca.org

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