Pathophysiology involved in liver complications in the critical phase in patients with dengue virus infection

Introduction: Dengue infection is a disease caused by one of the four serotypes of the dengue virus, transmitted by the Aedes genus mosquito. It leads to asymptomatic or symptomatic clinical presentations, including fever, headache, retro-ocular pain, myalgia, among others. The pathology can affect various organs, with the liver being one of the most susceptible, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Objective: The objective of this study is to describe the pathophysiology involved in liver complications during the critical phase of patients with dengue virus infection. Materials and methods: We conducted a systematic literature search in Medline following the PRISMA guidelines, using health descriptors such as MeSH terms Dengue, Gastrointestinal disease, Dengue hemorrhagic, Liver, Severe dengue, and Hepatic manifestations. Results: We reviewed 20 publications between 2005 and 2020. The most frequent types of publications were subject reviews (50%), followed by case reports (25%), clinical studies (15%), and case-control studies (10%). All publications (100%) describe the pathophysiology involved in liver complications during the critical phase of patients with dengue virus infection. Based on these studies, liver involvement in dengue infection can range from subclinical changes in biochemical markers to severe liver diseases, such as acute liver failure. The liver damage results from either direct viral toxicity or dysregulated immune response to the virus. However, the complete pathophysiology of liver involvement in dengue remains unclear. Conclusion: Hepatic involvement in dengue infection is observed in patients with severe clinical manifestations, attributed to the tropism of different DENV serotypes for hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. Patients with liver involvement exhibit symptoms such as hepatomegaly, pain in the right upper quadrant, jaundice, elevated liver enzymes, nausea, vomiting, and liver failure.

• Fecha de publicación: 2023
• Institución: Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali
• Repositorio: Vitela
• Idioma: spa
• OAI Identifier: oai:vitela.javerianacali.edu.co:11522/544
• Acceso en línea: https://revistas.javerianacali.edu.co/index.php/salutemscientiaspiritus/article/view/1362; https://vitela.javerianacali.edu.co/handle/11522/544
• Palabra clave: Dengue; Enfermedad gastrointestinal; Dengue hemorrágico; Dengue grave y manifestaciones hepáticas; Hígado; Dengue; Gastrointestinal disease; Dengue hemorrhagic; Severe dengue and hepatic manifestations; Liver
• License: Derechos de autor 2023 Salutem Scientia Spiritus