Diagnostic and therapeutic strategy aimed at patients with HIV in intensive care units: Narrative review

Since the advent of effective antiretroviral therapy in the last 20 years, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has become a chronic infectious disease. In this context, the objective of this narrative review was to present an organized diagnostic approach and a therapy adjusted to the condition of the patient in intensive care units. A review of the subject was carried out through a bibliographic search in databases using the MeSH terms “intensive care”, “HIV”, “critical illness”, “human immunodeficiency virus”. Filters were used to select articles in English and Spanish. The search in different databases yielded a total of 3243 results, and after discarding duplicates and selecting by title and abstract, 151 articles were obtained. Finally, 46 articles were included in this topic review, selected after reviewing the full text. Timely antiretroviral therapy has been shown to decrease morbidity and mortality. In addition, it is necessary to be alert to the appearance of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, diagnose it and treat it. Upon admission to the emergency room, patients must be fully, rigorously, and regularly evaluated to identify clinical changes, complications, or prognostic factors. Through the timely initiation of a diagnostic and therapeutic strategy and transfer to an intermediate or intensive care unit for monitoring, HIV patients can obtain adequate management of the critical condition and improve their prognosis.

• Fecha de publicación: 2023
• Institución: Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali
• Repositorio: Vitela
• Idioma: spa
• OAI Identifier: oai:vitela.javerianacali.edu.co:11522/561
• Acceso en línea: https://revistas.javerianacali.edu.co/index.php/salutemscientiaspiritus/article/view/1388; https://vitela.javerianacali.edu.co/handle/11522/561
• Palabra clave: VIH; Virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana; Unidad de cuidados intensivos; Cuidados críticos; Enfermedad crítica; Prognosis; HIV; Human immunodeficiency virus; Intensive care unit,; Critical care; Critical illness; Prognosis
• License: Derechos de autor 2023 Salutem Scientia Spiritus