Evaluación preliminar de la estructura filogeográfica de la Tángara Triguera (Tangara cayana, Aves: Thraupidae) en la Orinoquía colombiana
Incluye tablas, figuras y símbolos.
- Autores:
-
Tejeiro Mahecha, Laura Nattaly
- Tipo de recurso:
- Trabajo de grado de pregrado
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2016
- Institución:
- Universidad de los Llanos
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Digital Universidad de los LLanos
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.unillanos.edu.co:001/3028
- Acceso en línea:
- https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co/handle/001/3028
https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co/
- Palabra clave:
- Migración de aves
Aves - Distribución geográfica
Sabanas neotropicales
Paleoecología
Distritos biogeográficos
Estructura genética.
Neotropical savannas
Paleoecology
Biogeographic districts
Genetic structure
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Derechos Reservados - Universidad de los Llanos, 2016
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dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Evaluación preliminar de la estructura filogeográfica de la Tángara Triguera (Tangara cayana, Aves: Thraupidae) en la Orinoquía colombiana |
title |
Evaluación preliminar de la estructura filogeográfica de la Tángara Triguera (Tangara cayana, Aves: Thraupidae) en la Orinoquía colombiana |
spellingShingle |
Evaluación preliminar de la estructura filogeográfica de la Tángara Triguera (Tangara cayana, Aves: Thraupidae) en la Orinoquía colombiana Migración de aves Aves - Distribución geográfica Sabanas neotropicales Paleoecología Distritos biogeográficos Estructura genética. Neotropical savannas Paleoecology Biogeographic districts Genetic structure |
title_short |
Evaluación preliminar de la estructura filogeográfica de la Tángara Triguera (Tangara cayana, Aves: Thraupidae) en la Orinoquía colombiana |
title_full |
Evaluación preliminar de la estructura filogeográfica de la Tángara Triguera (Tangara cayana, Aves: Thraupidae) en la Orinoquía colombiana |
title_fullStr |
Evaluación preliminar de la estructura filogeográfica de la Tángara Triguera (Tangara cayana, Aves: Thraupidae) en la Orinoquía colombiana |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluación preliminar de la estructura filogeográfica de la Tángara Triguera (Tangara cayana, Aves: Thraupidae) en la Orinoquía colombiana |
title_sort |
Evaluación preliminar de la estructura filogeográfica de la Tángara Triguera (Tangara cayana, Aves: Thraupidae) en la Orinoquía colombiana |
dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Tejeiro Mahecha, Laura Nattaly |
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv |
Avendaño, Jorge Enrique |
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Tejeiro Mahecha, Laura Nattaly |
dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv |
Migración de aves Aves - Distribución geográfica |
topic |
Migración de aves Aves - Distribución geográfica Sabanas neotropicales Paleoecología Distritos biogeográficos Estructura genética. Neotropical savannas Paleoecology Biogeographic districts Genetic structure |
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Sabanas neotropicales Paleoecología Distritos biogeográficos Estructura genética. |
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
Neotropical savannas Paleoecology Biogeographic districts Genetic structure |
description |
Incluye tablas, figuras y símbolos. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2016 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-09-27T13:53:44Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-09-27T13:53:44Z |
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
Trabajo de grado - Pregrado |
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis |
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f |
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https://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TP |
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dc.identifier.citation.spa.fl_str_mv |
Tejeiro Mahecha, L. N. (2016). Evaluación preliminar de la estructura filogeográfica de la Tángara Triguera (Tangara cayana, Aves: Thraupidae) en la Orinoquia colombiana [Trabajo de grado, Universidad de los Llanos]. Repositorio digital Universidad de los Llanos. https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co/handle/001/3028 |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co/handle/001/3028 |
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad de los Llanos |
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv |
Repositorio digital Universidad de los Llanos |
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co/ |
identifier_str_mv |
Tejeiro Mahecha, L. N. (2016). Evaluación preliminar de la estructura filogeográfica de la Tángara Triguera (Tangara cayana, Aves: Thraupidae) en la Orinoquia colombiana [Trabajo de grado, Universidad de los Llanos]. Repositorio digital Universidad de los Llanos. https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co/handle/001/3028 Universidad de los Llanos Repositorio digital Universidad de los Llanos |
url |
https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co/handle/001/3028 https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co/ |
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spa |
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spa |
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv |
Acevedo-Charry Orlando A. et al. (2014). Las aves de la Orinoquia colombiana: una revisión de sus registros Aldana AM, Mitchley J (2013) Protected Areas legislation and the conservation of the Colombian Orinoco, Basin natural ecosystems. Nature Conservation 4: 15–28. Aleixo, A. (2004). Historical diversification of a terra-firme forest bird superspecies: a phylogeographic perspective on the role of different hypotheses of Amazonian diversification. Evolution, 58(6), 1303-1317. Arbeláez-Cortés, E. (2013). Knowledge of Colombian biodiversity: published and indexed. Biodiversity and Conservation, 22(12), 2875-2906. Arbogast, B. S., & Kenagy, G. J. (2001). Comparative phylogeography as an integrative approach to historical biogeography. Journal of Biogeography, 28(7), 819-825. Avise, J. C., Arnold, J., Ball, R. M., Bermingham, E., Lamb, T., Neigel, J. E., ... & Saunders, N. C. (1987). Intraspecific phylogeography: the mitochondrial DNA bridge between population genetics and systematics. Annual review of ecology and systematics, 489-522. Bates, J. M., Tello, J. G., & Silva, J. M. C. (2003). Initial assessment of genetic diversity in ten bird species of South American Cerrado. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 38(2), 87-94. Bandelt, H.-J., Forster, P., Rohl, A. (1999). Median-joining networks for inferring intraspecific phylogenies. Mol. Biol. Evol. 16, 37–48. Berrio, J. C., Hooghiemstra, H., Behling, H., Botero, P., & Van der Borg, K. (2002). LateQuaternary savanna history of the Colombian Llanos Orientales from Lagunas Chenevo and Mozambique: a transect synthesis. The Holocene,12(1), 35-48. Burney, C. W., & Brumfield, R. T. (2009). Ecology predicts levels of genetic differentiation in Neotropical birds. The American Naturalist, 174(3), 358-368. Burns, K. J., & Naoki, K. (2004). Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of Neotropical tanagers in the genus Tangara. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 32(3), 838-854. Burns, K. J., Shultz, A. J., Title, P. O., Mason, N. A., Barker, F. K., Klicka, J., ... & Lovette, I. J. (2014). Phylogenetics and diversification of tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae), the largest radiation of Neotropical songbirds.Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 75, 41-77. Cadena, C. D., Klicka, J., & Ricklefs, R. E. (2007). Evolutionary differentiation in the Neotropical montane region: molecular phylogenetics and phylogeography of Buarremon brush-finches (Aves, Emberizidae). Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 44(3), 9931016. Cadena, C. D., & Cuervo, A. M. (2010). Molecules, ecology, morphology, and songs in concert: how many species is Arremon torquatus (Aves: Emberizidae)?. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 99(1), 152-176. Cadena, C. D., Gutiérrez-Pinto, N., Dávila, N., & Chesser, R. T. (2011). No population genetic structure in a widespread aquatic songbird from the Neotropics. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 58(3), 540-545. Capurucho, J. M. G., Cornelius, C., Borges, S. H., Cohn‐Haft, M., Aleixo, A., Metzger, J. P., & Ribas, C. C. (2013). Combining phylogeography and landscape genetics of Xenopipo atronitens (Aves: Pipridae), a white sand campina specialist, to understand Pleistocene landscape evolution in Amazonia. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 110(1), 60-76. d’Horta, F. M., Cuervo, A. M., Ribas, C. C., Brumfield, R. T., & Miyaki, C. Y. (2013). Phylogeny and comparative phylogeography of Sclerurus (Aves: Furnariidae) reveal constant and cryptic diversification in an old radiation of rain forest understorey specialists. Journal of Biogeography, 40(1), 37-49. Drummond, A. J., Suchard, M. A., Xie, D., & Rambaut, A. (2012). Bayesian phylogenetics with BEAUti and the BEAST 1.7. Molecular biology and evolution, 29(8), 1969-1973. Drummond, A. J., B. Ashton, M. Cheung, J. Heled, M. Kearse, R. Moir, S. Stones-Havas, T. Thierer, and A. Wilson. (2008). Geneious v4.0, Availaible from http://www.genious.com. Drummond, A. J., A. Rambaut. (2007). BEAST: Bayesian evolutionary analysis sampling trees. BMC Evolutionary Biology 7:214. Excoffier, L., Laval, G., Schneider, S. (2005). Arlequin (version 3.0): an integrated software package for population genetics data analysis. Evol. Bioinform. Online 1, 47–50. Fernandes, A., Cohn-Haft, M., Hrbek, T., & Farias, I. 2014. Rivers acting as barriers for bird dispersal in the Amazon. Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia-Brazilian Journal of Ornithology, 22(4), 363-373. García-Moreno, J., & Fjeldså, J. (2000). Chronology and mode of speciation in the Andean avifauna. Bonn. Zool. Monogr, 46, 25-46. Haffer, J. (1967). Zoogeographical notes on the "nonforest" lowland bird faunas of northwestern South America. Hornero 10:315-333 Haffer, J. (1969). Speciation in Amazonian forest birds. Science 165:131-137. Haffer J. (2001). Hypotheses to explain the origin of species in Amazonia. Vieira ICG, Silva JMC, Oren DC, D'Incao MA, eds. Biological and Cultural Diversity in Amazonia. Belém: Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. 45-118. Hernández-Camacho, J., Hurtado, A., Ortiz, R., & Walschburger, T. (1992). Unidades biogeográficas de Colombia. La diversidad biológica de Iberoamérica. (G. Halffter, ed.). Acta Zoológica Mexicana. Instituto de Ecología, AC México, 105-151. Hilty, S. L., & Brown, B. (1986). A guide to the birds of Colombia. Princeton University Press. Hoorn, C., Wesselingh, F. P., Ter Steege, H., Bermudez, M. A., Mora, A., Sevink, J., ... & Jaramillo, C. (2010). Amazonia through time: Andean uplift, climate change, landscape evolution, and biodiversity. science, 330(6006), 927-931. Isler M.L. & Isler P.R. (1999) Tanagers. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C., U.S.A. Mayle, F. E. (2006). 17 The Late Quaternary. Neotropical Savannas and Seasonally Dry Forests: Plant Diversity, Biogeography, and Conservation, 395. Marchant, R., Berrío, J. C., Behling, H., Boom, A., & Hooghiemstra, H. (2006). Colombian dry moist forest transitions in the Llanos Orientales—a comparison of model and pollenbased biome reconstructions. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 234(1), 28-44. Milá, B., Tavares, E. S., Saldaña, A. M., Karubian, J., Smith, T. B., & Baker, A. J. (2012). A trans-Amazonian screening of mtDNA reveals deep intraspecific divergence in forest birds and suggests a vast underestimation of species diversity. PloS one, 7(7), e40541. Miller, M. P. (2005) Alleles In Space: Computer software for the joint analysis of interindividual spatial and genetic information. Journal of Heredity 96:722-724 Miller, M. J., Bermingham, E., Klicka, J., Escalante, P., do Amaral, F. S. R., Weir, J. T., & Winker, K. (2008). Out of Amazonia again and again: episodic crossing of the Andes promotes diversification in a lowland forest flycatcher. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences, 275(1639), 1133-1142. Miller, M. A., Pfeiffer, W., & Schwartz, T. (2010). “Creating the CIPRES Science Gateway for inference of large phylogenetic trees” in Proceedings of the Gateway Computing Environments Workshop (GCE), 14 Nov. 2010, New Orleans, LA pp. 1-8) Miller, MJ, Lelevier, MJ, Bermingham, E., Klicka, JT, Escalante, P., y Winker, K. (2011). Filogeografía del colibrí de cola rufa (Amazilia tzacatl). El Cóndor ,113 (4), 806-816. Minin, V. N., Bloomquist, E. W., & Suchard, M. A. (2008). Smooth skyride through a rough skyline: Bayesian coalescent-based inference of population dynamics. Molecular biology and evolution, 25(7), 1459-1471. MORITZ, C., & FAITH, D. P. (1998). Comparative phylogeography and the identification of genetically divergent areas for conservation. Molecular Ecology, 7(4), 419-429. Naka, L. N., Bechtoldt, C. L., Henriques, L. M. P., & Brumfield, R. T. (2012). The role of physical barriers in the location of avian suture zones in the Guiana Shield, northern Amazonia. The American Naturalist, 179(4), E115-E132. Nylander, J.A.A. (2004). MrModeltest v2. Program distributed by the author. Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala. Posada, D., K. A. Crandall. (1998). Modeltest: testing the model of DNA substitution. Bioinformatics 14:817-818. Posada, D., & Crandall, K. A. (2001). Intraspecific gene genealogies: trees grafting into networks. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 16(1), 37-45. Rambaut, A., Drummond, A.J. (2007). Tracer v1.4 Remsen, J. V., Rocha, O., Schmitt, C. G., & Schmitt, D. C. (1991). Zoogeography and geographic variation of Platyrinchus mystaceus in Bolivia and Peru, and the circumAmazonian distribution pattern. Ornitol. Neotrop, 2, 77-83. Remsen, J. V., Rocha, O., Schmitt, C. G., & Schmitt, D. C. (1991). Zoogeography and geographic variation of Platyrinchus mystaceus in Bolivia and Peru, and the circumAmazonian distribution pattern. Ornitol. Neotrop, 2, 77-83. Restrepo-Calle, S., M. Lentino, & L.G. Naranjo. (2010). Aves. Capítulo 9. Pp. 290-309. En: Lasso, C.A., J.S. Usma, F. Trujillo y A. Rial (eds). 2010. Biodiversidad de la cuenca del Orinoco: bases científicas para la identificación de áreas prioritarias para la conservación y uso sostenible de la biodiversidad. Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, WWF Colombia, Fundación Omacha, Fundación La Salle e nstituto de Estudios de la Orinoquía (Universidad Nacional de Colombia). Bogotá D.C., Colombia. Ribas, C. C., Aleixo, A., Nogueira, A. C., Miyaki, C. Y, & Cracraft, J. (2011). A palaeobiogeographic model for biotic diversification within Amazonia over the past three million years. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences, rspb20111120. Ribas, C. C., A. Aleixo, A. C. R. Nogueira, C. Y. Miyaki, and J. Cracraft. (2012). A palaeobiogeographic model for biotic diversification within Amazonia over the past three million years. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B 279:681–689. Romero Ruíz, M., García, G., García, G. O., i Pascual, J. A., & Ruíz, D. M. R. (2004). Ecosistemas de la cuenca del Orinoco colombiano (No. Doc. 22536) CO-BAC, Bogotá). Rozas, J., P. Librado, J. C. Sánchez-DelBarrio. (2009). DNA sequence polymorphism V 4.9, Available at http://www.ub.es./dnasp. SAVIT, A. Z., & BATES, J. M. (2015). Right around the Amazon: the origin of the circumAmazonian distribution in Tangara cayana. Folia Zoologica, 64(3). Smith, B. T., McCormack, J. E., Cuervo, A. M., Hickerson, M. J., Aleixo, A., Cadena, C. D., ... & Faircloth, B. C. (2014). The drivers of tropical speciation.Nature, 515(7527), 406-409. Sorenson, M.D., J.C. Ast, D.E. Dimcheff, T. Yuri, D.P. Mindell. (1999). Primers for a PCRbased approach to mitochondrial genome sequencing in birds and other vertebrates. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 12: 105-114. Stamatakis, A., Hoover, P., & Rougemont, J. (2008). A rapid bootstrap algorithm for the RAxML web servers. Systematic biology, 57(5), 758-771. Storer, N. W. (1970). INTERNATIONALITY OF SCIENCE AND NATIONALITY OF SCIENTISTS. International Social Science Journal, 22(1), 80-93. Swofford, D. L. (2003). PAUP* 4.0b10: Phylogenetic Analysis using Parsimony (* and other methods). Sinnauer, Sunderland. Tavares, E. S., Gonçalves, P., Miyaki, C. Y., & Baker, A. J. (2011). DNA barcode detects high genetic structure within Neotropical bird species. PLoS One, 6(12), e28543. Thom, G., & Aleixo, A. (2015). Cryptic speciation in the white-shouldered antshrike (Thamnophilus aethiops, Aves–Thamnophilidae): The tale of a transcontinental radiation across rivers in lowland Amazonia and the northeastern Atlantic Forest. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 82, 95-110. Todd, W. E. C., & Carriker, M. A. (1922). The birds of the Santa Marta region of Colombia: a study in altitudinal distribution (Vol. 14). Carnegie Museum. Weir, J. T., & Schluter, D. (2008). Calibrating the avian molecular clock. Molecular ecology, 17(10), 2321-2328. Werneck, F. P., Nogueira, C., Colli, G. R., Sites, J. W., & Costa, G. C. (2012). Climatic stability in the Brazilian Cerrado: implications for biogeographical connections of South American savannas, species richness and conservation in a biodiversity hotspot. Journal of Biogeography, 39(9), 1695-1706. Wijmstra, T. A., & Van der Hammen, T. (1966). Palynological data on the history of tropical savannas in. Leidse Geologische Mededelingen, 38, 71. WWF (2010) World Wildlife Foundation: The Orinoco Basin. http://wwf.panda.org/who_we_are/wwf_offices/colombia/wwf_colombia_conservation/orino co_basin/ Zink, R. M., & Barrowclough, G. F. (2008). Mitochondrial DNA under siege in avian phylogeography. Molecular ecology, 17(9), 2107-2121. |
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Avendaño, Jorge Enrique819242b535e18c7569585a2ae8a551d3Tejeiro Mahecha, Laura Nattaly16130b9488dbf8ff1bff26df890f1c152023-09-27T13:53:44Z2023-09-27T13:53:44Z2016Tejeiro Mahecha, L. N. (2016). Evaluación preliminar de la estructura filogeográfica de la Tángara Triguera (Tangara cayana, Aves: Thraupidae) en la Orinoquia colombiana [Trabajo de grado, Universidad de los Llanos]. Repositorio digital Universidad de los Llanos. https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co/handle/001/3028https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co/handle/001/3028Universidad de los LlanosRepositorio digital Universidad de los Llanoshttps://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co/Incluye tablas, figuras y símbolos.Los estudios sobre filogeografía de aves Neotropicales se han centrado en gran medida en taxones de bosques húmedos de tierras bajas. En contraste, poca atención ha sido dedicada al estudio de especies con ecologías propicias para la dispersión, tales como los asociados a ecosistemas no boscosos y acuáticos. A pesar de un incremento reciente en estudios filogeográficos de aves de ecosistemas no boscosos aún existe un vacío de conocimiento en ecosistemas de sabana al norte del río Amazonas. En este trabajo se evaluó la estructura filogeográfica de Tangara cayana con énfasis en la Orinoquia colombiana a partir de secuencias del gen mitocondrial ND2. A nivel de especie, las poblaciones mostraron baja estructura genética; sin embargo, se presentan tres haplogrupos correspondientes a poblaciones de Bolivia, Brasil y noreste de la Orinoquia colombiana, el sur de la Orinoquia colombiana y Amazonas. La baja estructura genética encontrada no concuerda con la delimitación tradicional de distritos biogeográficos para la Orinoquia. Las poblaciones de la Orinoquia colombiana probablemente derivaron de poblaciones de Brasil más que de Bolivia, lo cual posiblemente pudo ser promovido por la expansión de las sabanas durante las oscilaciones climáticas del Pleistoceno. Es de precisar que los resultados encontrados en este estudio deben ser complementados con un mayor número de muestras y poblaciones de T. cayana en la Orinoquia colombiana y venezolana, con la finalidad de obtener un escenario filogeográfico más completo de la especie.Phylogeographic studies of Neotropical birds have mostly on taxa from the lowland humid forests. In contrast, little attention has been devoted to the study of species with ecologies with higher propensity for dispersal, such as those associated with non-forest and aquatic ecosystems. In this paper the phylogeographic structure in the Colombian Orinoquia of Tangara cayana was evaluated using sequenced data of mitochondrial ND2 gene. At the species level, populations exhibited shallow genetic structure; however, three haplogroups were represented in the Colombian Orinoquian savannahs, which have affinities with populations of Bolivia, Brazil and northeastern Colombia, and southern Colombia. The low genetic structure found does not match the traditional definition of biogeographic districts for Orinoquia. The populations of the Colombian Orinoco basin probably derived from Brazil, which possibly could be promoted by the expansion of savannahs during the Pleistocene climatic oscillations. Results from this study may be supplemented with samples from the Colombian and Venezuelan Orinoquian, in order to obtain a more complete phylogeographic scenario of the species.Lista de figuras. -- Lista de tablas. -- Lista de símbolos y abreviaturas. -- Planteamiento del problema. -- Hipótesis. -- Objetivos. -- Objetivo general. -- Objetivos específicos. – Justificación. -- Marco teórico. -- Metodología. -- Muestreo taxonómico y geográfico. -- Extracción de ADN, PCR y secuenciación. -- Análisis filogeográficos. – Resultados. -- Análisis filogenéticos. -- Estructura geográfica y diversidad genética. -- Historia demográfica y tiempos de divergencia. -- Discusión. -- Origen y diversificación de T. cayana. -- Estructura Genética Poblacional en la Orinoquia Colombiana. -- Conclusiones. -- Bibliografía.PregradoBiólogoBiología45 páginasapplication/pdfspaUniversidad de los LlanosFacultad de Ciencias Básicas e IngenieríaVillavicencioDerechos Reservados - Universidad de los Llanos, 2016https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Evaluación preliminar de la estructura filogeográfica de la Tángara Triguera (Tangara cayana, Aves: Thraupidae) en la Orinoquía colombianaTrabajo de grado - Pregradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fTexthttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TPhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Acevedo-Charry Orlando A. et al. 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Molecular ecology, 17(9), 2107-2121.N/AMigración de avesAves - Distribución geográficaSabanas neotropicalesPaleoecologíaDistritos biogeográficosEstructura genética.Neotropical savannasPaleoecologyBiogeographic districtsGenetic structurePublicationORIGINAL1121889754.pdf1121889754.pdfTrabajo de gradoapplication/pdf1293205https://dspace7-unillanos.metacatalogo.org/bitstreams/142aaf25-6c93-4655-9abf-d861efd7db13/download37d1139a15f88a7d3b4c34d6417eed76MD51Anexo 1Anexo 1Artículoapplication/pdf1496703https://dspace7-unillanos.metacatalogo.org/bitstreams/cbe77a94-8eb6-47b2-8ec5-4e65b0acc21b/download0b3ea02ed04ac8e3e4b0d509b4a467e9MD53Anexo 2Anexo 2Carta de Autorizaciónapplication/pdf366876https://dspace7-unillanos.metacatalogo.org/bitstreams/644265da-8f65-4272-a0fc-28045fae9d85/download6ba0c9ff963572a66a1c7b44518a6b7cMD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-8414https://dspace7-unillanos.metacatalogo.org/bitstreams/9e84ed84-9598-4ae7-8e8a-8da18ca87295/downloadf7c6e382a43d2577a35b71202b6dc0cdMD54TEXT1121889754.pdf.txt1121889754.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain74515https://dspace7-unillanos.metacatalogo.org/bitstreams/39a0212f-c3b4-46f7-a1bd-b19d64ce2b5e/download94e06efb7bc5b0373f097d2b53510948MD55Anexo 1.txtAnexo 1.txtExtracted texttext/plain69596https://dspace7-unillanos.metacatalogo.org/bitstreams/f74f49a8-5fa4-422c-8a69-faf5682b2636/download0f3c107c07e5b3d4bbbf79318dacaaf7MD57Anexo 2.txtAnexo 2.txtExtracted texttext/plain1https://dspace7-unillanos.metacatalogo.org/bitstreams/1af0580d-b409-46d3-85f5-6c8519be0908/download68b329da9893e34099c7d8ad5cb9c940MD59THUMBNAIL1121889754.pdf.jpg1121889754.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg6407https://dspace7-unillanos.metacatalogo.org/bitstreams/96f653e9-4784-493b-9f4e-4384b95b3cda/download3f6d529f2b887a4b3d45363f7ebc69a8MD56Anexo 1.jpgAnexo 1.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg14681https://dspace7-unillanos.metacatalogo.org/bitstreams/772f8434-2098-47c4-99a8-43c9cd26295b/download7ad06275ff93ad861d03f8d5708756baMD58Anexo 2.jpgAnexo 2.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg16499https://dspace7-unillanos.metacatalogo.org/bitstreams/92e61ce1-8b54-4217-ad9a-87b39494de3e/downloadd6ee662be0f8e5918f3ae236dca48ec4MD510001/3028oai:dspace7-unillanos.metacatalogo.org:001/30282024-04-17 16:38:31.128https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Derechos Reservados - Universidad de los Llanos, 2016open.accesshttps://dspace7-unillanos.metacatalogo.orgRepositorio Universidad de Los Llanosrepositorio@unillanos.edu.coPGNlbnRlcj48YSByZWw9ImxpY2Vuc2UiIGhyZWY9Imh0dHA6Ly9jcmVhdGl2ZWNvbW1vbnMub3JnL2xpY2Vuc2VzL2J5LW5jLW5kLzQuMC8iPjxpbWcgYWx0PSJDcmVhdGl2ZSBDb21tb25zIExpY2Vuc2UiIHN0eWxlPSJib3JkZXItd2lkdGg6MCIgc3JjPSJodHRwczovL2kuY3JlYXRpdmVjb21tb25zLm9yZy9sL2J5LW5jLW5kLzQuMC84OHgzMS5wbmciIC8+PC9hPjxiciAvPlRoaXMgd29yayBpcyBsaWNlbnNlZCB1bmRlciBhIDxhIHJlbD0ibGljZW5zZSIgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL2NyZWF0aXZlY29tbW9ucy5vcmcvbGljZW5zZXMvYnktbmMtbmQvNC4wLyI+Q3JlYXRpdmUgQ29tbW9ucyBBdHRyaWJ1dGlvbi1Ob25Db21tZXJjaWFsLU5vRGVyaXZhdGl2ZXMgNC4wIEludGVybmF0aW9uYWwgTGljZW5zZTwvYT4uPC9jZW50ZXI+ |