Técnicas de rehabilitación y entrenamiento usadas en medicina deportiva equina: Una revisión de literatura

Los equinos no se ven como atletas, sin embargo, deben considerarse como tales. Por consiguiente, deben tener una preparación para las diferentes actividades físicas que realizan, ya sea por competición o por trabajo. Así mismo, existen terapias de rehabilitación para aquellos ejemplares que han res...

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Autores:
López Isaza, Daniela
Ramírez González, Juliana
Tipo de recurso:
Trabajo de grado de pregrado
Fecha de publicación:
2022
Institución:
Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
Repositorio:
Repositorio Institucional UTP
Idioma:
spa
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.utp.edu.co:11059/14318
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/11059/14318
https://repositorio.utp.edu.co/home
Palabra clave:
590 - Animales::599 - Mamíferos
Medicina deportiva equina
Deportes ecuestres
Fisioterapia
Caballo atleta
Fisioterapia
Sistema musculo esquelético
Rights
openAccess
License
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
id UTP2_e39856f7bb292463ccee7cc0cad224e6
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.utp.edu.co:11059/14318
network_acronym_str UTP2
network_name_str Repositorio Institucional UTP
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Técnicas de rehabilitación y entrenamiento usadas en medicina deportiva equina: Una revisión de literatura
title Técnicas de rehabilitación y entrenamiento usadas en medicina deportiva equina: Una revisión de literatura
spellingShingle Técnicas de rehabilitación y entrenamiento usadas en medicina deportiva equina: Una revisión de literatura
590 - Animales::599 - Mamíferos
Medicina deportiva equina
Deportes ecuestres
Fisioterapia
Caballo atleta
Fisioterapia
Sistema musculo esquelético
title_short Técnicas de rehabilitación y entrenamiento usadas en medicina deportiva equina: Una revisión de literatura
title_full Técnicas de rehabilitación y entrenamiento usadas en medicina deportiva equina: Una revisión de literatura
title_fullStr Técnicas de rehabilitación y entrenamiento usadas en medicina deportiva equina: Una revisión de literatura
title_full_unstemmed Técnicas de rehabilitación y entrenamiento usadas en medicina deportiva equina: Una revisión de literatura
title_sort Técnicas de rehabilitación y entrenamiento usadas en medicina deportiva equina: Una revisión de literatura
dc.creator.fl_str_mv López Isaza, Daniela
Ramírez González, Juliana
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Echeverry López , Juan Carlos
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv López Isaza, Daniela
Ramírez González, Juliana
dc.subject.ddc.none.fl_str_mv 590 - Animales::599 - Mamíferos
topic 590 - Animales::599 - Mamíferos
Medicina deportiva equina
Deportes ecuestres
Fisioterapia
Caballo atleta
Fisioterapia
Sistema musculo esquelético
dc.subject.lemb.none.fl_str_mv Medicina deportiva equina
Deportes ecuestres
Fisioterapia
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv Caballo atleta
Fisioterapia
Sistema musculo esquelético
description Los equinos no se ven como atletas, sin embargo, deben considerarse como tales. Por consiguiente, deben tener una preparación para las diferentes actividades físicas que realizan, ya sea por competición o por trabajo. Así mismo, existen terapias de rehabilitación para aquellos ejemplares que han resultado lastimados en el ejercicio de sus funciones. El presente trabajo describe las diferentes técnicas de rehabilitación y entrenamiento usadas en medicina deportiva equina. Esta información se buscó en bases de datos como Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Académico utilizando palabras claves, criterios de inclusión como reportes del 2018 hasta la fecha actual y artículos de todos los países. Se clasificó describiendo las diferentes patologías que afectan su desempeño, pasando luego a tratamientos y finalizando con ejercicios para prevención y preparación para unas condiciones óptimas de trabajo.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2022-10-14T13:05:07Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2022-10-14T13:05:07Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2022
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Trabajo de grado - Pregrado
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.coar.none.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.content.none.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
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dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11059/14318
dc.identifier.instname.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
dc.identifier.reponame.none.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
dc.identifier.repourl.none.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.utp.edu.co/home
url https://hdl.handle.net/11059/14318
https://repositorio.utp.edu.co/home
identifier_str_mv Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
Repositorio Institucional Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv ICA. Censo Pecuario año 2020 [Internet]. Censo pecuario nacional. 2020. p. 1– 7. Available from: https://www.ica.gov.co/areas/pecuaria/servicios/epidemiologia veterinaria/censos-2016/censo-2018
Fedecuestre. Federación Ecuestre de Colombia_ Fedecuestre [Internet]. https://fedecuestre.com/disciplinas/. 2017. p. 1–12. Available from: https://fedecuestre.com/disciplinas/
Ferrer Crespí M. Prevención y tratamiento fisioterápico para las enfermedades musculoesqueléticas más comunes en caballos deportistas [Internet]. 2020. Available from: http://dspace.uib.es/xmlui/handle/11201/153400
Abbott J, Fuller-Love N. Networking for equine complementary therapists in the rural economy. J Rural Stud [Internet]. 2020;75:110–8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.01.011
Northrop AJ, Martin JH, Peterson ML, Roepstorff L, Hernlund E, Hobbs SJ. The Challenges of Equestrian Arena Surfaces: The Unprecedented Use of a Raised Platform at the 2012 Olympic Games. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2022;109:1– 8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103838
Briggs EV, Mazzà C. 26 Detecting equine gait events in field conditions. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;100. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103489
Cabrera AMZ, Soto MJC, Aranzales JRM, Valencia NMC, Gutiérrez MPA. Blood lactate concentrations and heart rates of Colombian Paso horses during a field exercise test. Vet Anim Sci. 2021;13:1–6.
Brock L, Spooner H. 28 A comparison among equine boots and legwraps on leg surface temperature during and after exercise. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;100. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103491
Stanton S, Peters D, Lavagnino M, Bidwell L, Manfredi J. 29 Forces exerted on the back during jumping in horses. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;100. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103492
Munsters CCBM, Kingma BRM, van den Broek J, Sloet van Oldruitenborgh Oosterbaan MM. A prospective cohort study on the acute:chronic workload ratio in relation to injuries in high level eventing horses: A comprehensive 3-year study. Prev Vet Med [Internet]. 2020;179:1–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105010
Witkowska-Piłaszewicz O, Grzędzicka J, Seń J, Czopowicz M, Żmigrodzka M, Winnicka A, et al. Stress response after race and endurance training sessions and competitions in Arabian horses. Prev Vet Med. 2021;188:1–5.
Frippiat T, van Beckhoven C, Moyse E, Art T. Accuracy of a heart rate monitor for calculating heart rate variability parameters in exercising horses. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;104:1–5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103716
Muñoz A, Saitua A, Becero M, Riber C, Satué K, de Medina AS, et al. The use of the water treadmill for the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal injuries in the sport horse. J Vet Res. 2019;63(3):439–45.
Piqueres MG. Evaluación de los efectos del vendaje neuromuscular sobre la columna toraco-lumbar del caballo: determinación de umbrales nociceptivos mecánicos y variaciones de temperatura superficial. Universidad Complutense de Madrid; 2021.
Morgan J, Stefanovski D, Lenfest M, Chatterjee S, Orsini J. Novel dry cryotherapy system for cooling the equine digit. Vet Rec Open. 2018;5(1):1–6
Bonilla-Gutiérrez AF, López C, Carmona JU. Regenerative Therapies for the Treatment of Tenodesmic Injuries in Horses. J Equine Vet Sci. 2019;73:139–47.
Zumwalt M, Reddy AP. Stem Cells for Treatment of Musculoskeletal Conditions - Orthopaedic/Sports Medicine Applications. Biochim Biophys Acta - Mol Basis Dis [Internet]. 2020;1866(4):1–14. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165624
Farinelli F, de Rezende ASC, Fonseca MG, Lana ÂMQ, Leme F de OP, Klein B de ON, et al. Influence of Stretching Exercises, Warm-Up, or Cool-Down on the Physical Performance of Mangalarga Marchador Horses. J Equine Vet Sci. 2021;106:1–7.
Egan S, Kearney CM, Brama PAJ, Parnell AC, McGrath D. Exploring stable based behaviour and behaviour switching for the detection of bilateral pain in equines. Appl Anim Behav Sci [Internet]. 2021;235:1–8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2021.105214
Montero C, Riquelme G, del Campo M, Lagos N. Neosaxitoxin, a Paralytic Shellfish Poison phycotoxin, blocks pain and inflammation in equine osteoarthritis. Toxicon. 2021;204:5–8.
Salinas P, Lira-Velásquez D, Bongiorno A, Sandoval C. Navicular Syndrome related changes to collagen proportion of different cross-sections of the flexor tendons in equine distal forelimb. Res Vet Sci. 2021;135:106–12.
Catunda APN, Alves GES, Paes Leme FO, Carvalho AM, Leise BS, Johnson PJ, et al. Apoptosis in epithelial cells and its correlation with leukocyte accumulation in lamellar tissue from horses subjected to experimental sepsis associated laminitis. Res Vet Sci. 2021;136:318–23
Best R, Standing R. External Loading Characteristics of Polo Ponies and Corresponding Player Heart Rate Responses in 16-Goal Polo. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;98. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103368
Christensen JW, Munk R, Hawson L, Palme R, Larsen T, Egenvall A, et al. Rider effects on horses’ conflict behaviour, rein tension, physiological measures and rideability scores. Appl Anim Behav Sci. 2021;234.
Zuffa T, Bennet ED, Parkin TDH. Factors associated with completion of Fédération Équestre Internationale endurance rides (2012–2019): Modelling success to promote welfare-oriented decisions in the equestrian sport of endurance. Prev Vet Med [Internet]. 2022;198. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105534
Machado G, Corbellini LG, Frias-De-Diego A, Dieh GN, dos Santos DV, Jara M, et al. Impact of changes of horse movement regulations on the risks of equine infectious anemia: A risk assessment approach. Prev Vet Med [Internet]. 2021;190. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105319
Sobotková E, Mikule V, Kuřitková D, Jiskrová I, Sládek L. Analysis of the current situation in international show jumping and assessment of the influence of the proportion of Thoroughbred in the pedigree, horse demographics and sport season on the performance of horses. J Vet Behav. 2022;47:12–21
Palmer S, Gomez AMM, Mohammed HO. Attrition of Thoroughbred and Standardbred racehorses at New York Racetracks due to exercise and non exercise related fatalities during the 2016 - 2019 racing seasons. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;104. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103703
García-Gómez A, Guerrero-Barona E, García-Peña I, Rodríguez-Jiménez M, Moreno-Manso JM. Equine-assisted therapeutic activities and their influence on the heart rate variability: A systematic review. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020;39
Sundman EA, Chigerwe M, Hunyadi LM. A retrospective study of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis in barrel racing horses with exercise induced pulmonary hemorrhage and asthma in Texas from 2016 to 2018. Res Vet Sci [Internet]. 2020;132:338–41. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.07.001
Thomas SJ, de Solis CN, Coleman MC. Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Equine Asthma in Texas. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;103. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103644
Couetil L, Ivester K, Barnum S, Pusterla N. Equine respiratory viruses, airway inflammation and performance in thoroughbred racehorses. Vet Microbiol [Internet]. 2021;257. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109070
Keller GA, Nielsen BD, Vergara-Hernandez FB, Robison CI. Tracking the Impact of Weather on Equine Activity While Pastured. SSRN Electron J [Internet]. 2021; Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104052
Drábková Z, Amory H, Kabeš R, Melková P, van Loon G. Partial atrioventricular septal defect in an adult sport horse. J Vet Cardiol. 2020;31:8–14
Ehrle A, Ressel L, Ricci E, Merle R, Singer ER. Histological examination of the interspinous ligament in horses with overriding spinous processes. Vet J [Internet]. 2019;244:69–74. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.12.012
Ülke ÇG, Deniz SI, Nureddin Ç. Evaluation of Return Rates to Races in Racehorses After Tendon Injuries: Lesion-Related Parameters. J Equine Vet Sci. 2020;87.
McInturff C, Zanotto G, McInturff M, Hendrickson D. An Alternate Radiographic Guided Technique for Injection of the Equine Navicular Bursa Using a 40 mm (1.5-inch) 20-Gauge Needle: A Pilot Study. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2022;108. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103775
Giantsis IA, Diakakis NE, Avdi M. High Frequencies of TNC and COL5A1 Genotypes Associated With Low Risk for Superficial Digital Flexor Tendinopathy in Greek Indigenous Horse Breeds Compared With Warmblood Horses. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2020;92. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103173
Pugliese BR, Carballo CT, Connolly KM, Mazan MR, Kirker-Head CA. Effect of Fatigue on Equine Metacarpophalangeal Joint Kinematics—A Single Horse Pilot Study. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2020;86. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2019.102849
De Bastiani G, La Côrte FDD, Azevedo MDS, Jacobsen TK, Kommers GD. Cartilage Degeneration of the Metacarpal Condyle and Enthesopaties of The Collateral Ligaments of Equine Metacarpophalangeal Joint. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;106:103754. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103754
Rumfola E, Banse HE, Atkins M, McGowan CM, Ireland JL. Approaches to endocrinopathic laminitis in the field: Results of a survey of veterinary practitioners in North America. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2022;110. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103856
Ireland JL, McGowan CM. Translating research into practice: Adoption of endocrine diagnostic testing in cases of equine laminitis. Vet J [Internet]. 2021;272. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2021.105656
Pollard D, Wylie CE, Newton JR, Verheyen KLP. Factors associated with euthanasia in horses and ponies enrolled in a laminitis cohort study in Great Britain. Prev Vet Med [Internet]. 2020;174. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.104833
Pizzi GLBL, Valente ALS, Rechsteiner SMEF, Bruhn FRP, Cruz LAX, Silva PM, et al. Macroscopic and Histological Morphology of the Equine Digital Cushion and Its Association with Subcutaneous Fat Thickness. J Equine Vet Sci. 2020;95
Risso A, Campos G, Garcia H, Zerpa H. Insights into equine piroplasmosis in Venezuelan sport horses: Molecular diagnosis, clinical, and cardiovascular findings. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2022;27.
Isbell DA, Schils SJ, Oakley SC, Carraro U, Knaeble BR. Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) and the Effect on Equine Multifidi Asymmetry. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2020;95. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103255
Beck AA, Paz LB, Frank MI, Engelmann AM, Krause A, Côrte FDD La. Safety and Synovial Inflammatory Response After Intra-articular Injection of Botulinum Toxin Type A in Healthy Horses. J Equine Vet Sci. 2022;110.
Frippiat T, Paindaveine C, Duprez JN, Delguste C, Mainil J, Art T. Evaluation of the Bactericidal Effect of Nebulized Silver Nanoparticles on Common Respiratory Bacteria in Horses– In Vitro Studies. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;103. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103635
Shmalberg J, Xie H, Memon MA. Horses Referred to a Teaching Hospital Exclusively for Acupuncture and Herbs: A Three-Year Retrospective Analysis. JAMS J Acupunct Meridian Stud [Internet]. 2019;12(5):145–50. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jams.2018.09.001
Acutt E V., le Jeune SS, Pypendop BH. Evaluation of the Effects of Chiropractic on Static and Dynamic Muscle Variables in Sport Horses. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2019;73:84–90. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2018.10.016
Shaw K, Ursini T, Levine D, Richards J, Adair S. The Effect of Ground Poles and Elastic Resistance Bands on Longissimus Dorsi and Rectus Abdominus Muscle Activity During Equine Walk and Trot. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;107. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103772
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spelling Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)Manifiesto (Manifestamos) en este documento la voluntad de autorizar a la Biblioteca Jorge Roa Martínez de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira la publicación en el Repositorio institucional (http://biblioteca.utp.edu.co), la versión electrónica de la OBRA titulada: ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ La Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, entidad académica sin ánimo de lucro, queda por lo tanto facultada para ejercer plenamente la autorización anteriormente descrita en su actividad ordinaria de investigación, docencia y publicación. La autorización otorgada se ajusta a lo que establece la Ley 23 de 1982. Con todo, en mi (nuestra) condición de autor (es) me (nos) reservo (reservamos) los derechos morales de la OBRA antes citada con arreglo al artículo 30 dehttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessEcheverry López , Juan CarlosLópez Isaza, DanielaRamírez González, Juliana2022-10-14T13:05:07Z2022-10-14T13:05:07Z2022https://hdl.handle.net/11059/14318Universidad Tecnológica de PereiraRepositorio Institucional Universidad Tecnológica de Pereirahttps://repositorio.utp.edu.co/homeLos equinos no se ven como atletas, sin embargo, deben considerarse como tales. Por consiguiente, deben tener una preparación para las diferentes actividades físicas que realizan, ya sea por competición o por trabajo. Así mismo, existen terapias de rehabilitación para aquellos ejemplares que han resultado lastimados en el ejercicio de sus funciones. El presente trabajo describe las diferentes técnicas de rehabilitación y entrenamiento usadas en medicina deportiva equina. Esta información se buscó en bases de datos como Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Académico utilizando palabras claves, criterios de inclusión como reportes del 2018 hasta la fecha actual y artículos de todos los países. Se clasificó describiendo las diferentes patologías que afectan su desempeño, pasando luego a tratamientos y finalizando con ejercicios para prevención y preparación para unas condiciones óptimas de trabajo.Equines are not seen as athletes, however, they should be considered as such. Therefore, they must be prepared for the different physical activities they perform, either for competition or for work. Likewise, there are rehabilitation therapies for those specimens that have been injured in the exercise of their functions. This paper describes the different rehabilitation and training techniques used in equine sports medicine. This information was searched in databases such as Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar using keywords, inclusion criteria such as reports from 2018 to the current date and articles from all countries. It was classified by describing the different pathologies that affect their performance, then moving on to treatments and ending with exercises for prevention and preparation for optimal working conditions.PregradoMédico(a) Veterinario(a) y Zootecnista16 Páginasapplication/pdfspaUniversidad Tecnológica de PereiraMedicina Veterinaria y ZootecniaFacultad de Ciencias de la SaludPereira590 - Animales::599 - MamíferosMedicina deportiva equinaDeportes ecuestresFisioterapiaCaballo atletaFisioterapiaSistema musculo esqueléticoTécnicas de rehabilitación y entrenamiento usadas en medicina deportiva equina: Una revisión de literaturaTrabajo de grado - Pregradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fTextinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisICA. Censo Pecuario año 2020 [Internet]. Censo pecuario nacional. 2020. p. 1– 7. Available from: https://www.ica.gov.co/areas/pecuaria/servicios/epidemiologia veterinaria/censos-2016/censo-2018Fedecuestre. Federación Ecuestre de Colombia_ Fedecuestre [Internet]. https://fedecuestre.com/disciplinas/. 2017. p. 1–12. Available from: https://fedecuestre.com/disciplinas/Ferrer Crespí M. Prevención y tratamiento fisioterápico para las enfermedades musculoesqueléticas más comunes en caballos deportistas [Internet]. 2020. Available from: http://dspace.uib.es/xmlui/handle/11201/153400Abbott J, Fuller-Love N. Networking for equine complementary therapists in the rural economy. J Rural Stud [Internet]. 2020;75:110–8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.01.011Northrop AJ, Martin JH, Peterson ML, Roepstorff L, Hernlund E, Hobbs SJ. The Challenges of Equestrian Arena Surfaces: The Unprecedented Use of a Raised Platform at the 2012 Olympic Games. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2022;109:1– 8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103838Briggs EV, Mazzà C. 26 Detecting equine gait events in field conditions. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;100. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103489Cabrera AMZ, Soto MJC, Aranzales JRM, Valencia NMC, Gutiérrez MPA. Blood lactate concentrations and heart rates of Colombian Paso horses during a field exercise test. Vet Anim Sci. 2021;13:1–6.Brock L, Spooner H. 28 A comparison among equine boots and legwraps on leg surface temperature during and after exercise. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;100. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103491Stanton S, Peters D, Lavagnino M, Bidwell L, Manfredi J. 29 Forces exerted on the back during jumping in horses. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;100. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103492Munsters CCBM, Kingma BRM, van den Broek J, Sloet van Oldruitenborgh Oosterbaan MM. A prospective cohort study on the acute:chronic workload ratio in relation to injuries in high level eventing horses: A comprehensive 3-year study. Prev Vet Med [Internet]. 2020;179:1–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105010Witkowska-Piłaszewicz O, Grzędzicka J, Seń J, Czopowicz M, Żmigrodzka M, Winnicka A, et al. Stress response after race and endurance training sessions and competitions in Arabian horses. Prev Vet Med. 2021;188:1–5.Frippiat T, van Beckhoven C, Moyse E, Art T. Accuracy of a heart rate monitor for calculating heart rate variability parameters in exercising horses. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;104:1–5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103716Muñoz A, Saitua A, Becero M, Riber C, Satué K, de Medina AS, et al. The use of the water treadmill for the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal injuries in the sport horse. J Vet Res. 2019;63(3):439–45.Piqueres MG. Evaluación de los efectos del vendaje neuromuscular sobre la columna toraco-lumbar del caballo: determinación de umbrales nociceptivos mecánicos y variaciones de temperatura superficial. Universidad Complutense de Madrid; 2021.Morgan J, Stefanovski D, Lenfest M, Chatterjee S, Orsini J. Novel dry cryotherapy system for cooling the equine digit. Vet Rec Open. 2018;5(1):1–6Bonilla-Gutiérrez AF, López C, Carmona JU. Regenerative Therapies for the Treatment of Tenodesmic Injuries in Horses. J Equine Vet Sci. 2019;73:139–47.Zumwalt M, Reddy AP. Stem Cells for Treatment of Musculoskeletal Conditions - Orthopaedic/Sports Medicine Applications. Biochim Biophys Acta - Mol Basis Dis [Internet]. 2020;1866(4):1–14. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165624Farinelli F, de Rezende ASC, Fonseca MG, Lana ÂMQ, Leme F de OP, Klein B de ON, et al. Influence of Stretching Exercises, Warm-Up, or Cool-Down on the Physical Performance of Mangalarga Marchador Horses. J Equine Vet Sci. 2021;106:1–7.Egan S, Kearney CM, Brama PAJ, Parnell AC, McGrath D. Exploring stable based behaviour and behaviour switching for the detection of bilateral pain in equines. Appl Anim Behav Sci [Internet]. 2021;235:1–8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2021.105214Montero C, Riquelme G, del Campo M, Lagos N. Neosaxitoxin, a Paralytic Shellfish Poison phycotoxin, blocks pain and inflammation in equine osteoarthritis. Toxicon. 2021;204:5–8.Salinas P, Lira-Velásquez D, Bongiorno A, Sandoval C. Navicular Syndrome related changes to collagen proportion of different cross-sections of the flexor tendons in equine distal forelimb. Res Vet Sci. 2021;135:106–12.Catunda APN, Alves GES, Paes Leme FO, Carvalho AM, Leise BS, Johnson PJ, et al. Apoptosis in epithelial cells and its correlation with leukocyte accumulation in lamellar tissue from horses subjected to experimental sepsis associated laminitis. Res Vet Sci. 2021;136:318–23Best R, Standing R. External Loading Characteristics of Polo Ponies and Corresponding Player Heart Rate Responses in 16-Goal Polo. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;98. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103368Christensen JW, Munk R, Hawson L, Palme R, Larsen T, Egenvall A, et al. Rider effects on horses’ conflict behaviour, rein tension, physiological measures and rideability scores. Appl Anim Behav Sci. 2021;234.Zuffa T, Bennet ED, Parkin TDH. Factors associated with completion of Fédération Équestre Internationale endurance rides (2012–2019): Modelling success to promote welfare-oriented decisions in the equestrian sport of endurance. Prev Vet Med [Internet]. 2022;198. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105534Machado G, Corbellini LG, Frias-De-Diego A, Dieh GN, dos Santos DV, Jara M, et al. Impact of changes of horse movement regulations on the risks of equine infectious anemia: A risk assessment approach. Prev Vet Med [Internet]. 2021;190. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105319Sobotková E, Mikule V, Kuřitková D, Jiskrová I, Sládek L. Analysis of the current situation in international show jumping and assessment of the influence of the proportion of Thoroughbred in the pedigree, horse demographics and sport season on the performance of horses. J Vet Behav. 2022;47:12–21Palmer S, Gomez AMM, Mohammed HO. Attrition of Thoroughbred and Standardbred racehorses at New York Racetracks due to exercise and non exercise related fatalities during the 2016 - 2019 racing seasons. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;104. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103703García-Gómez A, Guerrero-Barona E, García-Peña I, Rodríguez-Jiménez M, Moreno-Manso JM. Equine-assisted therapeutic activities and their influence on the heart rate variability: A systematic review. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020;39Sundman EA, Chigerwe M, Hunyadi LM. A retrospective study of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis in barrel racing horses with exercise induced pulmonary hemorrhage and asthma in Texas from 2016 to 2018. Res Vet Sci [Internet]. 2020;132:338–41. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.07.001Thomas SJ, de Solis CN, Coleman MC. Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Equine Asthma in Texas. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;103. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103644Couetil L, Ivester K, Barnum S, Pusterla N. Equine respiratory viruses, airway inflammation and performance in thoroughbred racehorses. Vet Microbiol [Internet]. 2021;257. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109070Keller GA, Nielsen BD, Vergara-Hernandez FB, Robison CI. Tracking the Impact of Weather on Equine Activity While Pastured. SSRN Electron J [Internet]. 2021; Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104052Drábková Z, Amory H, Kabeš R, Melková P, van Loon G. Partial atrioventricular septal defect in an adult sport horse. J Vet Cardiol. 2020;31:8–14Ehrle A, Ressel L, Ricci E, Merle R, Singer ER. Histological examination of the interspinous ligament in horses with overriding spinous processes. Vet J [Internet]. 2019;244:69–74. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.12.012Ülke ÇG, Deniz SI, Nureddin Ç. Evaluation of Return Rates to Races in Racehorses After Tendon Injuries: Lesion-Related Parameters. J Equine Vet Sci. 2020;87.McInturff C, Zanotto G, McInturff M, Hendrickson D. An Alternate Radiographic Guided Technique for Injection of the Equine Navicular Bursa Using a 40 mm (1.5-inch) 20-Gauge Needle: A Pilot Study. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2022;108. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103775Giantsis IA, Diakakis NE, Avdi M. High Frequencies of TNC and COL5A1 Genotypes Associated With Low Risk for Superficial Digital Flexor Tendinopathy in Greek Indigenous Horse Breeds Compared With Warmblood Horses. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2020;92. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103173Pugliese BR, Carballo CT, Connolly KM, Mazan MR, Kirker-Head CA. Effect of Fatigue on Equine Metacarpophalangeal Joint Kinematics—A Single Horse Pilot Study. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2020;86. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2019.102849De Bastiani G, La Côrte FDD, Azevedo MDS, Jacobsen TK, Kommers GD. Cartilage Degeneration of the Metacarpal Condyle and Enthesopaties of The Collateral Ligaments of Equine Metacarpophalangeal Joint. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;106:103754. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103754Rumfola E, Banse HE, Atkins M, McGowan CM, Ireland JL. Approaches to endocrinopathic laminitis in the field: Results of a survey of veterinary practitioners in North America. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2022;110. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103856Ireland JL, McGowan CM. Translating research into practice: Adoption of endocrine diagnostic testing in cases of equine laminitis. Vet J [Internet]. 2021;272. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2021.105656Pollard D, Wylie CE, Newton JR, Verheyen KLP. Factors associated with euthanasia in horses and ponies enrolled in a laminitis cohort study in Great Britain. Prev Vet Med [Internet]. 2020;174. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.104833Pizzi GLBL, Valente ALS, Rechsteiner SMEF, Bruhn FRP, Cruz LAX, Silva PM, et al. Macroscopic and Histological Morphology of the Equine Digital Cushion and Its Association with Subcutaneous Fat Thickness. J Equine Vet Sci. 2020;95Risso A, Campos G, Garcia H, Zerpa H. Insights into equine piroplasmosis in Venezuelan sport horses: Molecular diagnosis, clinical, and cardiovascular findings. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2022;27.Isbell DA, Schils SJ, Oakley SC, Carraro U, Knaeble BR. Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) and the Effect on Equine Multifidi Asymmetry. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2020;95. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103255Beck AA, Paz LB, Frank MI, Engelmann AM, Krause A, Côrte FDD La. Safety and Synovial Inflammatory Response After Intra-articular Injection of Botulinum Toxin Type A in Healthy Horses. J Equine Vet Sci. 2022;110.Frippiat T, Paindaveine C, Duprez JN, Delguste C, Mainil J, Art T. Evaluation of the Bactericidal Effect of Nebulized Silver Nanoparticles on Common Respiratory Bacteria in Horses– In Vitro Studies. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;103. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103635Shmalberg J, Xie H, Memon MA. Horses Referred to a Teaching Hospital Exclusively for Acupuncture and Herbs: A Three-Year Retrospective Analysis. JAMS J Acupunct Meridian Stud [Internet]. 2019;12(5):145–50. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jams.2018.09.001Acutt E V., le Jeune SS, Pypendop BH. Evaluation of the Effects of Chiropractic on Static and Dynamic Muscle Variables in Sport Horses. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2019;73:84–90. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2018.10.016Shaw K, Ursini T, Levine D, Richards J, Adair S. The Effect of Ground Poles and Elastic Resistance Bands on Longissimus Dorsi and Rectus Abdominus Muscle Activity During Equine Walk and Trot. J Equine Vet Sci [Internet]. 2021;107. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103772PublicationORIGINALTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdfTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdfapplication/pdf121375https://dspace7-utp.metabuscador.org/bitstreams/a5dfd09f-7107-473c-a944-846b085a3c64/downloadd5c3613fc8dcf48102db93303953b11dMD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-814828https://dspace7-utp.metabuscador.org/bitstreams/bcd6e87b-94bb-451e-a43d-e217e7d8ac07/download2f9959eaf5b71fae44bbf9ec84150c7aMD52TEXTTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdf.txtTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain35356https://dspace7-utp.metabuscador.org/bitstreams/cfda59da-b389-41a5-92e0-5824d4ab967f/download95bcac35eb4306995ade106aaba28c54MD53THUMBNAILTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdf.jpgTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg13469https://dspace7-utp.metabuscador.org/bitstreams/2a00cb53-b3f0-49d1-bb30-b9f0e5778672/download6aa4d0ba4309c2a4c9b8f18d97a4e7cfMD5411059/14318oai:dspace7-utp.metabuscador.org:11059/143182024-09-05 17:24:12.93https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Manifiesto (Manifestamos) en este documento la voluntad de autorizar a la Biblioteca Jorge Roa Martínez de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira la publicación en el Repositorio institucional (http://biblioteca.utp.edu.co), la versión electrónica de la OBRA titulada: ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ La Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, entidad académica sin ánimo de lucro, queda por lo tanto facultada para ejercer plenamente la autorización anteriormente descrita en su actividad ordinaria de investigación, docencia y publicación. La autorización otorgada se ajusta a lo que establece la Ley 23 de 1982. Con todo, en mi (nuestra) condición de autor (es) me (nos) reservo (reservamos) los derechos morales de la OBRA antes citada con arreglo al artículo 30 deopen.accesshttps://dspace7-utp.metabuscador.orgRepositorio de la Universidad Tecnológica de 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