Aplicación de recubrimientos base Fe y Al mediante adición de material en frío, revisión del estado del arte
: figuras, tablas
- Autores:
-
García Valencia, Juan Esteban
- Tipo de recurso:
- Trabajo de grado de pregrado
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2024
- Institución:
- Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Institucional UTP
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.utp.edu.co:11059/15605
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/11059/15605
https://repositorio.utp.edu.co/home
- Palabra clave:
- 370 - Educación
Revestimientos protectores
2. Ingeniería y Tecnología::2C. Ingeniería Mecánica
Motores diesel a Otto
Adhesión de material en frío
Cold Spray
Arc Spray
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
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Aplicación de recubrimientos base Fe y Al mediante adición de material en frío, revisión del estado del arte |
| title |
Aplicación de recubrimientos base Fe y Al mediante adición de material en frío, revisión del estado del arte |
| spellingShingle |
Aplicación de recubrimientos base Fe y Al mediante adición de material en frío, revisión del estado del arte 370 - Educación Revestimientos protectores 2. Ingeniería y Tecnología::2C. Ingeniería Mecánica Motores diesel a Otto Adhesión de material en frío Cold Spray Arc Spray |
| title_short |
Aplicación de recubrimientos base Fe y Al mediante adición de material en frío, revisión del estado del arte |
| title_full |
Aplicación de recubrimientos base Fe y Al mediante adición de material en frío, revisión del estado del arte |
| title_fullStr |
Aplicación de recubrimientos base Fe y Al mediante adición de material en frío, revisión del estado del arte |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Aplicación de recubrimientos base Fe y Al mediante adición de material en frío, revisión del estado del arte |
| title_sort |
Aplicación de recubrimientos base Fe y Al mediante adición de material en frío, revisión del estado del arte |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
García Valencia, Juan Esteban |
| dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv |
Tristancho Reyes, José Luis |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
García Valencia, Juan Esteban |
| dc.subject.ddc.none.fl_str_mv |
370 - Educación |
| topic |
370 - Educación Revestimientos protectores 2. Ingeniería y Tecnología::2C. Ingeniería Mecánica Motores diesel a Otto Adhesión de material en frío Cold Spray Arc Spray |
| dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv |
Revestimientos protectores |
| dc.subject.ocde.none.fl_str_mv |
2. Ingeniería y Tecnología::2C. Ingeniería Mecánica |
| dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Motores diesel a Otto Adhesión de material en frío Cold Spray Arc Spray |
| description |
: figuras, tablas |
| publishDate |
2024 |
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2024 |
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2025-02-11T13:08:34Z |
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2025-02-11T13:08:34Z |
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Trabajo de grado - Pregrado |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis |
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https://hdl.handle.net/11059/15605 |
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Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira |
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Repositorio Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira |
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https://repositorio.utp.edu.co/home |
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https://hdl.handle.net/11059/15605 https://repositorio.utp.edu.co/home |
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Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira Repositorio Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira |
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spa |
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Alkhimov, A. P., Kosarev, V. F., & Klinkov, S. V. (2001). The features of cold spray nozzle design. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1361/105996301770349466 Assadi, H., Kreye, H., Gärtner, F., & Klassen, T. (2016). Cold spraying – A materials perspective. Acta Materialia, 116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.06.034 Astarita, A., Coticelli, F., & Prisco, U. (2016). Repairing of an engine block through the cold gas dynamic spray technology. Materials Research, 19(6). https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2016-0109 Aubanel, L., & Delloro, F. (2023). Tribological behavior of steel-based composite coatings produced by cold spray. Surface and Coatings Technology, 470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2023.129815 Bala, N., Singh, H., Prakash, S., & Karthikeyan, J. (2012). Investigations on the behavior of hvof and cold sprayed Ni-20Cr coating on T22 boiler steel in actual boiler environment. In Journal of Thermal Spray Technology (Vol. 21, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-011-9698-x Bhattiprolu, V. S., Johnson, K. W., Ozdemir, O. C., & Crawford, G. A. (2018). Influence of feedstock powder and cold spray processing parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V cold spray depositions. Surface and Coatings Technology, 335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.12.014 Blochet, Q., Delloro, F., N’Guyen, F., Jeulin, D., Borit, F., & Jeandin, M. (2017). Effect of the Cold-Sprayed Aluminum Coating-Substrate Interface Morphology on Bond Strength for Aircraft Repair Application. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 26(4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-017-0548-3 Bobzin, K., Ernst, F., Richardt, K., Schlaefer, T., Verpoort, C., & Flores, G. (2008). Thermal spraying of cylinder bores with the Plasma Transferred Wire Arc process. Surface and Coatings Technology, 202(18). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2008.04.023 Boulos, M. I., Fauchais, P. L., & Heberlein, J. V. R. (2021). Thermal Spray Fundamentals. In Thermal Spray Fundamentals. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70672-2 Cavaliere, P. (2017). Cold-Spray Coatings: Recent Trends and Future perspectives. In Cold-Spray Coatings: Recent Trends and Future perspectives. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67183-3 Champagne, V. K. (2007). The cold spray materials deposition process: Fundamentals and applications. In The Cold Spray Materials Deposition Process: Fundamentals and Applications. https://doi.org/10.1533/9781845693787 Champagne, V. K., Özdemir, O. C., & Nardi, A. (2021). Practical Cold Spray. In Practical Cold Spray. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70056-0 Champagne, V., Nardi, A., & Cote, D. (2015). Materials characterization of advanced cold spray aluminum alloys. Advances in Powder Metallurgy and Particulate Materials - Proceedings of the 97 2015 International Conference on Powder Metallurgy and Particulate Materials, PowderMet 2015. Chmielewski, T., Siwek, P., Chmielewski, M., Piątkowska, A., Grabias, A., & Golański, D. (2018). Structure and selected properties of arc sprayed coatings containing in-situ fabricated Fe-Al intermetallic phases. Metals, 8(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/met8121059 Choi, W. B., Li, L., Luzin, V., Neiser, R., Gnäupel-Herold, T., Prask, H. J., Sampath, S., & Gouldstone, A. (2007). Integrated characterization of cold sprayed aluminum coatings. Acta Materialia, 55(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2006.09.006 DePalma, K., Walluk, M., Martin, L. P., & Sisak, K. (2022). Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Twin Wire Arc Repair of Cast Iron Components. In Journal of Thermal Spray Technology (Vol. 31, Issues 1–2). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-021-01304-w Dimate Castellanos, L. M., Morales Torres, J. A., & Olaya Florez, J. J. (2011). Electric arc spray coatings for the naval industry. Ciencia y Tecnología de Buques, 4(8). https://doi.org/10.25043/19098642.44 Drehmann, R., Grund, T., Lampke, T., Wielage, B., Manygoats, K., Schucknecht, T., & Rafaja, D. (2014). Splat formation and adhesion mechanisms of cold gas-sprayed al coatings on Al2O3 substrates. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 23(1–2). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-013-9966-z Espallargas, N. (2015). Future Development of Thermal Spray Coatings: Types, Designs, Manufacture and Applications. In Future Development of Thermal Spray Coatings: Types, Designs, Manufacture and Applications. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2013-0-16360-X Flores Esparza. Martha Karina. (2020). DESARROLLO DE UN PROCESO DE ROCIADO TÉRMICO EN FRÍO A ALTA PRESIÓN (HPCS) UTILIZANDO UN RECUBRIMIENTO INCONEL 625 SOBRE UN SUSTRATO PLANO DE HIERRO GRIS ASTM 48 CLASE 40. Centro de Tecnología Avanzada Dirección de Posgrado. Gärtner, F., Stoltenhoff, T., Schmidt, T., & Kreye, H. (2006). The cold spray process and its potential for industrial applications. In Journal of Thermal Spray Technology (Vol. 15, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1361/105996306X108110 Grujicic, M., Zhao, C. L., DeRosset, W. S., & Helfritch, D. (2004). Adiabatic shear instability based mechanism for particles/substrate bonding in the cold-gas dynamic-spray process. Materials and Design, 25(8). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2004.03.008 Helfritch, D., Champagne, V. K., & Papyrin, A. (2023). The development of the cold spray process. In Advances in Cold Spray: a Coating Deposition and Additive Manufacturing Process. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-103015-8.00013-X Huang, R., Fukanuma, H., Uesugi, Y., & Tanaka, Y. (2012). Simulation of arc root fluctuation in a DC non-transferred plasma torch with three dimensional modeling. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 21(3–4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-011-9710-5 Hussain, T., McCartney, D. G., Shipway, P. H., & Zhang, D. (2009). Bonding mechanisms in cold spraying: The contributions of metallurgical and mechanical components. In Journal of Thermal Spray Technology (Vol. 18, Issue 3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-009-9298-1 Kay, C. M., & Karthikeyan, J. (2016). High Pressure Cold Spray Principles and applications. In ASM International (Vol. 1, Issue). Khatake, P., Taluja, R., Sunil Kumar, M., Mahendar Reddy, M., Al-Ataby, F. H., Sood, S., & Sonia, P. (2023). Cold spray coating: A review of material systems and future perspectives. Materials Today: Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.11.015 Laliberte, L. H., Miller, R. G., Shaw, B. A., & Escarsega, J. A. (2005). An evaluation of sacrificial metallic coatings for service life extension of U.S. Army vehicles. NACE - International Corrosion Conference Series, 2005-April. Leyman, P. F., & Champagne, V. K. (2009). Cold Spray Process Development for the Reclamation of the Apache Helicopter Mast Support. Materials Research, August. Liebersbach, P., Foelsche, A., Champagne, V. K., Siopis, M., Nardi, A., & Schmidt, D. P. (2020). CFD Simulations of Feeder Tube Pressure Oscillations and Prediction of Clogging in Cold Spray Nozzles. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 29(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-020-00992-0 Maestracci, R., Sova, A., Jeandin, M., Malhaire, J. M., Movchan, I., Bertrand, P., & Smurov, I. (2016). Deposition of composite coatings by cold spray using stainless steel 316L, copper and Tribaloy T-700 powder mixtures. Surface and Coatings Technology, 287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2015.12.065 Maev, R. G., & Leshchynsky, V. (2006). Air gas dynamic spraying of powder mixtures: Theory and application. In Journal of Thermal Spray Technology (Vol. 15, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1361/105996306X108048 Mäkinen, H., Lagerbom, J., & Vuoristo, P. (2006). Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of Cold Sprayed Coatings. Thermal Spray 2006: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 83669. https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2006p0163 Mäkinen, H., Lagerbom, J., & Vuoristo, P. (2007). Adhesion of Cold Sprayed Coatings: Effect of Powder, Substrate, and Heat Treatment. Thermal Spray 2007: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 83676. https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2007p0031 Marulanda Arévalo, J. L. (2014). La tecnología de recuperación y protección contra el desgaste está en el rociado térmico. Prospectiva, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.15665/rp.v12i1.153 Marulanda, L. (2007). Proteccion Contra La Corrosion Por Medio Del Rociado Termico. Scientia et Technica Año XIII, 34(34). Marulanda-Arévalo J.L, Tristancho-Reyes J.L, & González Betarcourt H.A. (2015). Rociado térmico (Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Ed.; primera edición). Morales Miranda, C. A. (2018). ANÁLISIS DE SOLDADURA EN FRÍO Y COSTURA MECÁNICA PARA FISURAS EN HIERRO FUNDIDO GRIS Y SU APLICACIÓN EN LA RECONSTRUCCIÓN DE UN BLOCK [UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE AMBATO]. https://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/27902 Morsy, M. A., El-Kashif, E., El-Kashif, E., & Morsy, [ M A. (2011). Repair Maintenance of Diesel Engine Cylinder Head. In Journal of American Science (Vol. 7, Issue 3). http://www.americanscience.orghttp://www.americanscience.orgeditor@americanscience.org158http://www.americanscience.org. MYLLER STEVEN ESPAÑA PANTOJA;JUAN DIEGO CORAL ORTEGA. (2022). ANÁLISIS DE LA CORROSIÓN OCASIONADA POR SALES FUNDIDAS EN UN ACERO ASTM A36 RECUBIERTO POR UNA ALEACIÓN NÍQUEL-ALUMINIO REALIZADO CON ROCIADO TÉRMICO POR ARCO ELÉCTRICO. UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE PEREIRA. Ndumia, J. N., Kang, M., Gbenontin, B. V., Lin, J., Liu, J., & Nyambura, S. M. (2023). Evaluation of thermal shock failure mechanism of arc-sprayed Fe-based coatings deposited on different substrates. Surface and Coatings Technology, 474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2023.130081 Oyinbo, S. T., & Jen, T. C. (2019). A comparative review on cold gas dynamic spraying processes and technologies. In Manufacturing Review (Vol. 6). https://doi.org/10.1051/mfreview/2019023 Ozdemir, O. C., Widener, C. A., Helfritch, D., & Delfanian, F. (2016). Estimating the Effect of Helium and Nitrogen Mixing on Deposition Efficiency in Cold Spray. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 25(4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-016-0394-8 Ramirez, J., & Arcilla, A. (2017). Validación experimental de la relación de compresión para varios combustibles a utilizar en un motor de combustión interna. In Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira. Rokni, M. R., Nutt, S. R., Widener, C. A., Champagne, V. K., & Hrabe, R. H. (2017). Review of Relationship Between Particle Deformation, Coating Microstructure, and Properties in High-Pressure Cold Spray. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 26(6). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-017-0575-0 Rokni, M. R., Widener, C. A., Champagne, V. K., & Crawford, G. A. (2015). Microstructure and mechanical properties of cold sprayed 7075 deposition during non-isothermal annealing. Surface and Coatings Technology, 276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2015.07.016 Schilder, B., Garling, A., Reimer, F., Hamann, M., Joos, R., Hüger, J., Pöhlmann, M., & Lampke, T. (2020). CFD Enhanced Thermal Spray Process for Coating of Cylinder Bores of Car Engines. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 29(4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-020-01011-y Schmidt, M., Spieth, H., Haubach, C., & Kühne, C. (2019). NANOSLIDE® process chain. In 100 Pioneers in Efficient Resource Management. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56745-6_98 Schmidt, T., Gärtner, F., Assadi, H., & Kreye, H. (2006). Development of a generalized parameter window for cold spray deposition. Acta Materialia, 54(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2005.10.005 Shen, C. T., Yen, C. T., Chen, W. C., Yang, S. Y., Wang, Y. H., Lee, Y. J., Wang, D. Y., Hung, C. C., Shen, K. H., Kao, M. J., & Tsai, M. J. (2007). Improvement of transport properties in magnetic tunneling junctions by capping materials. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 43(6). https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2007.894205 Steenkiste, T. H. V., Smith, J. R., & Teets, R. E. (2002). Aluminum coatings via kinetic spray with relatively large powder particles. Surface and Coatings Technology, 154(2–3). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(02)00018-X Sudarshan, B., & Roy, S. (2019). Finite Element Analysis For Engine Cylinder Head In Ansys. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume, 10(6). Van Steenkiste, T. (2007). The role of particle temperature and velocity in cold spray coating formation. In The Cold Spray Materials Deposition Process: Fundamentals and Applications. https://doi.org/10.1533/9781845693787.2.127 Van Steenkiste, T., & Smith, J. R. (2004a). Evaluation of coatings produced via kinetic and cold spray processes. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.1361/10599630419427 Van Steenkiste, T., & Smith, J. R. (2004b). Evaluation of coatings produced via kinetic and cold spray processes. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.1361/10599630419427 VARGAS SÁNCHEZ, C. (2018). UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE MORELOS FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS QUÍMICAS E INGENIERÍA. UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE MORELOS. Villafuerte, J. (2015). Modern Cold Spray: Materials, Process, and Applications. In Modern Cold Spray: Materials, Process, and Applications. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16772-5 Wang, X., Zhang, B., Lv, J., & Yin, S. (2015). Investigation on the Clogging Behavior and Additional Wall Cooling for the Axial-Injection Cold Spray Nozzle. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 24(4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-015-0227-1 Wu, J. W., Fang, H. Y., Lee, C. H., Yoon, S. H., & Kim, H. J. (2006). Critical and Maximum Velocities in Kinetic Spraying. Thermal Spray 2006: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference, 83669. https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2006p0239 Xie, J., Nélias, D., Berre, H. W. Le, Ogawa, K., & Ichikawa, Y. (2015). Simulation of the cold spray particle deposition process. Journal of Tribology, 137(4). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4030257 Yin, S., Zhang, M., Guo, Z., Liao, H., & Wang, X. (2013). Numerical investigations on the effect of total pressure and nozzle divergent length on the flow character and particle impact velocity in 101 cold spraying. Surface and Coatings Technology, 232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2013.05.017 Zhang, G., Wang, C., & Pu, G. (2005). Fatigue life prediction of crankshaft repaired by twin arc spraying. Journal of Central South University of Technology, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-005-0013-1 Zheng, J. J., Wang, J. H., Wang, B., & Huang, Z. H. (2009). Effect of the compression ratio on the performance and combustion of a natural-gas direct-injection engine. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 223(1). https://doi.org/10.1243/09544070JAUTO976 |
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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)Manifiesto (Manifestamos) en este documento la voluntad de autorizar a la Biblioteca Jorge Roa Martínez de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira la publicación en el Repositorio institucional (http://biblioteca.utp.edu.co), la versión electrónica de la OBRA titulada: La Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, entidad académica sin ánimo de lucro, queda por lo tanto facultada para ejercer plenamente la autorización anteriormente descrita en su actividad ordinaria de investigación, docencia y publicación. La autorización otorgada se ajusta a lo que establece la Ley 23 de 1982. Con todo, en mi (nuestra) condición de autor (es) me (nos) reservo (reservamos) los derechos morales de la OBRA antes citada con arreglo al artículo 30 de la Ley 23 de 1982. En concordancia suscribo (suscribimos) este documento en el momento mismo que hago (hacemos) entrega de mi (nuestra) OBRA a la Biblioteca “Jorge Roa Martínez” de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. Manifiesto (manifestamos) que la OBRA objeto de la presente autorizaciónhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessTristancho Reyes, José LuisGarcía Valencia, Juan Esteban2025-02-11T13:08:34Z2025-02-11T13:08:34Z2024https://hdl.handle.net/11059/15605Universidad Tecnológica de PereiraRepositorio Universidad Tecnológica de Pereirahttps://repositorio.utp.edu.co/home: figuras, tablasLa Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira ha desarrollado un procedimiento innovador para lograr la conversión de motores diésel a motores Otto que funcionan con (GNV o GLP) como combustible. Esta transformación ayuda a reducir hasta un 99% la contaminación por material particulado, especialmente en áreas urbanas, causada por el uso de ACPM en motores de combustión interna tradicionales. El procedimiento implica modificar la culata del motor para aumentar el volumen de la cámara de combustión, en lugar de cambiar los pistones o usar placas separadoras, lo que reduce costos y tiempo de implementación o aumentado la confiabilidad al compararlo con la placa separadora. La tecnología tiene una patente en Estados Unidos y está registrada como marca (GNVPerformance). Se ha realizado experimentación a escala real, pero se han encontrado problemas de desprendimiento del material añadido en pruebas realizadas se presentó una falla de adhesión del recubrimiento con el sustrato, se sospecha que esta falla podría estar relacionada con una inadecuada preparación de la superficie del sustrato y con una optimización insuficiente de los parámetros de pulverización. Esta prueba se realizó con un proveedor local (GL Motors-Pereira). Se necesita investigar y mejorar el proceso para garantizar su efectividad. Además, se planea establecer alianzas estratégicas con proveedores y validar la tecnología para su implementación local, en Estados Unidos (donde está patentada) y en Latinoamérica (con potencial de mercado).1. Resumen:..................................................................................................................... 9 2. Planteamiento problema............................................................................................ 10 3. Objetivos. .................................................................................................................. 11 3.1 Objetivo general. ......................................................................................................... 11 3.2 Objetivos específicos................................................................................................... 11 4. Introducción: ............................................................................................................. 12 5. Metodología .............................................................................................................. 16 6. Resultados y discusión .............................................................................................. 16 6.1 ¿Como se recuperan las medidas de las culatas cuando sus medidas de altura se salen de parámetros o ya no se pueden cepillar o rectificar más o estas sufren algún daño en su superficie en la región? ..................................................................................................... 18 6.2 Antecedentes ......................................................................................................... 21 6.3 PROYECCION TERMICA: ................................................................................. 21 7. ARC SPRAY: ............................................................................................................ 26 8. COLD SPRAY .......................................................................................................... 37 8.1 Clasificación de los sistemas de proyección en frío por cold spray: .................... 41 8.2 Proceso de preparacion de la culata o cabeza de motor ........................................ 49 8.2 .1 Preparación de las superficies metálicas ....................................................... 51 9 Las empresas que ofrecen el servicio de rociado Térmico por Arc spray y Cold spray son……….. ........................................................................................................................... 93 10 Conclusiones: ............................................................................................................ 95PregradoIngeniero(a) Mecánico(a)101 páginasapplication/pdfspaUniversidad Tecnológica de PereiraIngeniería MecánicaFacultad de Ingeniería MecánicaPereira370 - EducaciónRevestimientos protectores2. Ingeniería y Tecnología::2C. Ingeniería MecánicaMotores diesel a OttoAdhesión de material en fríoCold SprayArc SprayAplicación de recubrimientos base Fe y Al mediante adición de material en frío, revisión del estado del arteTrabajo de grado - Pregradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fTextinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisAlkhimov, A. P., Kosarev, V. F., & Klinkov, S. V. (2001). The features of cold spray nozzle design. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1361/105996301770349466Assadi, H., Kreye, H., Gärtner, F., & Klassen, T. (2016). Cold spraying – A materials perspective. Acta Materialia, 116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.06.034Astarita, A., Coticelli, F., & Prisco, U. (2016). Repairing of an engine block through the cold gas dynamic spray technology. Materials Research, 19(6). https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2016-0109Aubanel, L., & Delloro, F. (2023). 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Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 223(1). https://doi.org/10.1243/09544070JAUTO976PublicationORIGINALTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdfTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdfapplication/pdf2841537https://repositorio.utp.edu.co/bitstreams/5391234c-39f8-4a0e-860e-06d350260776/download8edf6645fb9f2ea624a42ae42d347bc1MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-815543https://repositorio.utp.edu.co/bitstreams/b92447be-30a4-414c-b9c7-9329bbfdb905/download73a5432e0b76442b22b026844140d683MD52THUMBNAILImagen1.pngimage/png57565https://repositorio.utp.edu.co/bitstreams/98783271-0f1d-4ce7-b9dd-a6d270a56ac5/download705f1e6b8770f766acef118aaaf74359MD53TRABAJO DE GRADO.pdf.jpgTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg7512https://repositorio.utp.edu.co/bitstreams/619f4e3e-1b4d-430b-86f4-0cc5229486e3/download837fbe278c1d65fca89b9e0dd92b33c4MD55TEXTTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdf.txtTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain101797https://repositorio.utp.edu.co/bitstreams/1fc129e9-d48a-4967-a67d-149671d15c4d/download191ce37460c88534730d4d381a37d51aMD5411059/15605oai:repositorio.utp.edu.co:11059/156052025-02-12 05:01:12.446https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Manifiesto (Manifestamos) en este documento la voluntad de autorizar a la Biblioteca Jorge Roa Martínez de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira la publicación en el Repositorio institucional (http://biblioteca.utp.edu.co), la versión electrónica de la OBRA titulada: La Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, entidad académica sin ánimo de lucro, queda por lo tanto facultada para ejercer plenamente la autorización anteriormente descrita en su actividad ordinaria de investigación, docencia y publicación. La autorización otorgada se ajusta a lo que establece la Ley 23 de 1982. Con todo, en mi (nuestra) condición de autor (es) me (nos) reservo (reservamos) los derechos morales de la OBRA antes citada con arreglo al artículo 30 de la Ley 23 de 1982. En concordancia suscribo (suscribimos) este documento en el momento mismo que hago (hacemos) entrega de mi (nuestra) OBRA a la Biblioteca “Jorge Roa Martínez” de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. Manifiesto (manifestamos) que la OBRA objeto de la presente autorizaciónopen.accesshttps://repositorio.utp.edu.coRepositorio de la Universidad Tecnológica de 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