Estudio Clínico - Epidemiológico de la resistencia a antibióticos del Staphylococcus Aureus en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico

tulo: Estudio clínico-epidemiológico de la resistencia a antibióticos del Staphylococcus aureus en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico. Diseño del estudio: observacional retrospectivo de tipo transversal. Justificación: No se conoce si entre los subgrupos clínicos - de acuerdo a la localizaci...

Full description

Autores:
Arenas Arias Maria Fernanda
Tipo de recurso:
Trabajo de grado de pregrado
Fecha de publicación:
2022
Institución:
Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
Repositorio:
Repositorio Institucional UTP
Idioma:
spa
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.utp.edu.co:11059/14249
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/11059/14249
https://repositorio.utp.edu.co/home
Palabra clave:
610 - Medicina y salud::616 - Enfermedades
Staphylococcus aureus
Estudio clínico
Staphylococcus aureus
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Intensive Care Units
Rights
openAccess
License
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
id UTP2_29da13a4802d25515c7102fde91a9b33
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.utp.edu.co:11059/14249
network_acronym_str UTP2
network_name_str Repositorio Institucional UTP
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Estudio Clínico - Epidemiológico de la resistencia a antibióticos del Staphylococcus Aureus en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico
title Estudio Clínico - Epidemiológico de la resistencia a antibióticos del Staphylococcus Aureus en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico
spellingShingle Estudio Clínico - Epidemiológico de la resistencia a antibióticos del Staphylococcus Aureus en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico
610 - Medicina y salud::616 - Enfermedades
Staphylococcus aureus
Estudio clínico
Staphylococcus aureus
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Intensive Care Units
title_short Estudio Clínico - Epidemiológico de la resistencia a antibióticos del Staphylococcus Aureus en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico
title_full Estudio Clínico - Epidemiológico de la resistencia a antibióticos del Staphylococcus Aureus en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico
title_fullStr Estudio Clínico - Epidemiológico de la resistencia a antibióticos del Staphylococcus Aureus en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico
title_full_unstemmed Estudio Clínico - Epidemiológico de la resistencia a antibióticos del Staphylococcus Aureus en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico
title_sort Estudio Clínico - Epidemiológico de la resistencia a antibióticos del Staphylococcus Aureus en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Arenas Arias Maria Fernanda
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Valero Guzmán, Leonardo
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Arenas Arias Maria Fernanda
dc.subject.ddc.none.fl_str_mv 610 - Medicina y salud::616 - Enfermedades
topic 610 - Medicina y salud::616 - Enfermedades
Staphylococcus aureus
Estudio clínico
Staphylococcus aureus
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Intensive Care Units
dc.subject.decs.none.fl_str_mv Staphylococcus aureus
Estudio clínico
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv Staphylococcus aureus
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Intensive Care Units
description tulo: Estudio clínico-epidemiológico de la resistencia a antibióticos del Staphylococcus aureus en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico. Diseño del estudio: observacional retrospectivo de tipo transversal. Justificación: No se conoce si entre los subgrupos clínicos - de acuerdo a la localización de la infección y su gravedad - de niños críticos, la frecuencia de los patrones de resistencia a antibióticos del S. aureus es diferente y se tienen datos sobre cambios en la frecuencia de los patrones resistencia del S. aureus adquirido en la comunidad (AC) e intrahospitalario (IH), pero es escasa la medición de la frecuencia en el subgrupo de niños críticos y casi inexistente si se discrimina por variables clínicas en estos pacientes. Objetivo general: Conocer la frecuencia de los diferentes tipos de resistencia a antibióticos del S. aureus en los niños hospitalizados en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico (UCIP) del Hospital San Jorge de Pereira, en el período 2015 – 2020. Objetivos específicos: Primero medir la frecuencia de ingreso a la UCIP por infecciones por S. aureus del centro participante. Segundo, describir las variables clínicas - demográficas de los niños hospitalizado en la UCIP con infecciones por S. aureus. Tercero, medir la frecuencia de la resistencia a los antibióticos del S. aureus en los niños hospitalizados en las UCIP. Cuarto, medir la frecuencia de la resistencia a los antibióticos del S. aureus en diferentes subgrupos clínicos de los niños de la UCIP. Población de estudio: Pacientes pediátricos mayores de 1 mes y menores de 18 años de edad, que fueron hospitalizados en las UCIP del centro participante por infecciones por S. aureus. Tamaño de la muestra: Se incluirán todos los pacientes que cumplan los criterios de ingreso en el período de observación: enero 1/2015 – diciembre 31/2020. Duración del estudio: 6 meses para recolectar retrospectivamente la información disponible, entre enero 1 de 2021 y julio 31 de 2021.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2022-09-08T15:11:08Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2022-09-08T15:11:08Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2022
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Trabajo de grado - Pregrado
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.coar.none.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.content.none.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11059/14249
dc.identifier.instname.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
dc.identifier.reponame.none.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
dc.identifier.repourl.none.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.utp.edu.co/home
url https://hdl.handle.net/11059/14249
https://repositorio.utp.edu.co/home
identifier_str_mv Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
Repositorio Institucional Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv Kaplan SL. Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Children. Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. 2006 Jul;17(3):113– 9.
Popescu B, Tevanov I, Carp M, Ulici A. Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in pediatric patients: epidemiology and risk factors of a poor outcome. J Int Med Res [Internet]. [cited 2020 Feb 28];48(4):1–9. Available from: https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage
Frei CR, Makos BR, Daniels KR, Oramasionwu CU. Emergence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections as a common cause of hospitalization in United States children ☆. J Pediatr Surg [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2020 Feb 26];45:1967–74. Available from: www.elsevier.com/locate/jpedsurg
Fridkin SK, Hageman JC, Morrison M, Sanza LT, Como-Sabetti K, Jernigan JA, et al. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Disease in Three Communities [Internet]. Vol. 7. 2005 [cited 2020 Sep 28]. Available from: www.nejm.org
Bull World Health Organ. United Nations meeting on antimicrobial resistance [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2020 Sep 26]. Available from: https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/94/9/16-020916.pdf
World Health Organ. Plan de acción mundial sobre la resistencia a los 82 antimicrobianos [Internet]. Ginebra, Suiza; 2016 [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/255204/9789243509761- spa.pdf
Dirección de Medicamentos y Tecnologías en Salud M de S y P social. Plan nacional de respuesta a la resistencia a los antimicrobianos [Internet]. Colombia; 2018 [cited 2019 Dec 15]. Available from: https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/MET/pl an-respuesta-resistencia-antimicrobianos.pdf
Weiss SL, Peters MJ, Alhazzani W, Agus MSD, Flori HR, Inwald DP, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign International Guidelines for the Management of Septic Shock and Sepsis-Associated Organ Dysfunction in Children. Pediatr Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2020 Feb [cited 2020 Nov 16];21(2):e52–106. Available from: http://journals.lww.com/10.1097/PCC.0000000000002198
Rodríguez APV, Ortega MHD, Garzón LIB, Vargas SMR, Iguarán DEH, Botero MVV, et al. Tendencias de los fenotipos de resistencia bacteriana en hospitales públicos y privados de alta complejidad de Colombia. Rev Panam Salud Publica/Pan Am J Public Heal. 2011 Dec;30(6):627–33.
Castro-Orozco R, Villafañe-Ferrer L, Rocha-Jiménez J, Alvis-Guzmán N. Fenotipos de multirresistencia, cartagena (colombia) antimicrobial resistance in staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis: temporal tendencies (2010-2016) and multi-drug resistance phenotypes, cartagena (colombia). 2018;17(2):25–36.
Chávez-Vivas M, Martínez A del C, Esparza-Mantilla M. Caracterización de staphylococcus aureus obtenido del ambiente hospitalario y del personal de salud en un hospital de la ciudad de cali. Biosalud. 2017;16(2):22–33
Klevens RM, Edwards JR, Richards CL, Horan TC, Gaynes RP, Pollock DA, et al. Estimating Health Care-Associated Infections and Deaths in U.S. Hospitals, 2002. Public Heal Reports /. 2007;122:160–6.
Sutter DE, Milburn E, Chukwuma U, Dzialowy N, Maranich AM, Hospenthal DR. Changing Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus in a US Pediatric Population. Pediatrics. 2016;137(4).
McMullan BJ, Bowen A, Blyth CC, Van Hal S, Korman TM, Buttery J, et al. Epidemiology and mortality of staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in Australian and New Zealand children. JAMA Pediatr. 2016 Oct 1;170(10):979–86.
Karbuz A, Karahan ZC, Aldemir-Kocabaş B, Tekeli A, Özdemir H, Güriz H, et al. Evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibilities and virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from community-acquired and health care associated pediatric infections. Turk J Pediatr. 2017;59(4):395–4
Ungureanu A, Zlatian O, Mitroi G, Drocaş A, Ţîrcã T, Cǎlina D, et al. Staphylococcus aureus colonisation in patients from a primary regional hospital. Mol Med Rep. 2017;16(6):8771–80.
Hamdy RF, Hsu AJ, Stockmann C, Olson JA, Bryan M, Hersh AL, et al. Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in Children [Internet]. Vol. 139, Article PEDIATRICS. 2017. Available from:
Moran GJ, Krishnadasan A, Gorwitz RJ, Fosheim GE, Mcdougal LK, Carey RB, et al. Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus Infections among Patients in the Emergency Department A bs tr ac t. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2020 Jan 6];355(7):666–74. Available from: www.nejm.org
Gordon O, Cohen MJ, Gross I, Amit S, Averbuch D, Engelhard D, et al. Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in Children: Antibiotic Resistance and Mortality. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2019;38(5):459–63.
Ericson JE, Popoola VO, Brian Smith P, Fowler VG, Benjamin DK, Clark RH, et al. Burden of invasive staphylococcus aureus infections in hospitalized infants. JAMA Pediatr. 2015 Dec 1;169(12):1105–11.
Nakamura MM, Mcadam AJ, Sandora TJ, Moreira KR, Lee GM. Higher Prevalence of Pharyngeal than Nasal Staphylococcus aureus Carriage in Pediatric Intensive Care Units. J Clin Microbiol [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2020 Nov 17];48(8):2957–9. Available from: http://jcm.asm.org/
Spaulding AB, Thurm C, Courter JD, Banerjee R, Gerber JS, Newland JG, et al. Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus infections in patients admitted to freestanding pediatric hospitals, 2009-2016. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol [Internet]. 2018 Dec 1 [cited 2020 Sep 26];39(12):1487–90. Available from: /core/journals/infection-control-and-hospital epidemiology/article/epidemiology-of-staphylococcus-aureus-infections-in patients-admitted-to-freestanding-pediatric-hospitals 20092016/897BBC352A915B975FABE5C4AD03F3CE
Miles F, Voss L, Segedin E. Review of Staphylococcus aureus infections requiring admission to a paediatric intensive care unit. Arch Dis Child [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2020 Sep 26];90:1274–8. Available from: www.archdischild.com
Milstone AM, Carroll KC, Ross T, Shangraw KA, Perl TM. Community associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in pediatric intensive care unit. Emerg Infect Dis [Internet]. 2010 Apr [cited 2020 Sep 27];16(4):647–55. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3321932/
Wyllie DH, Crook DW, Peto TEA. Mortality after Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in two acute hospitals in Oxfordshire, 1997-2003: Cohort study. Br Med J [Internet]. 2006 Aug 5 [cited 2020 Sep 27];333(7562):281–4. Available from: /pmc/articles/PMC1526943/?report=abstract
Estafilococos | Sherris. Microbiología médica, 6e | AccessMedicina | McGraw-Hill Medical [Internet]. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: https://accessmedicina-mhmedical com.ezproxy.utp.edu.co/content.aspx?bookid=2169&sectionid=162982610# 1143535073
Nakamura MM, Rohling KL, Shashaty M, Lu H, Tang Y-W, Edwards KM. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in the community pediatric population. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2002;21(10):917– 38.
Liu GY. Molecular Pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus Infection. Pediatr 86 Res [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2020 Sep 28];65(5):71–7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2919328/
Missiakas DM, Schneewind O. Growth and Laboratory Maintenance of Staphylococcus aureus. Curr Protoc Microbiol [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2019 Dec 17];9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23408134/
Llanos Mendez A, Baños Álvarez E. Identificación rápida de Staphylococcus aureus meticilina resistente Cribado de portadores [Internet]. Agencia de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias de Andalucía 2011. Available from: https://www.aetsa.org/download/publicaciones/antiguas/AETSA_2011_2_5_ MRSA.pd
OPS, OMS. OPS/OMS Resistencia a los antimicrobianos [Internet]. [cited 2022 Jun 24]. Available from: https://www3.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1 1129:amr-antimicrobial-resistance-intro&Itemid=41534&lang=es
Planet PJ, Parker D, Ruff NL, Shinefield HR. Revisiting Bacterial Interference in the Age of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Insights Into Staphylococcus aureus Carriage, Pathogenicity and Potential Control. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2019;38(9):958–66.
Reygaert WC. An overview of the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of bacteria. AIMS Microbiol [Internet]. 1900 [cited 2019 Dec 17];4(3):482–501. Available from: http://www.aimspress.com/journal/microbiology
Lyon BR, Skurray R. Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus: Genetic basis. Microbiol Rev. 1987;51(1):88–134.
Foster TJ. Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Current status and future prospects. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2017;41(3):430–49.
Pasko C, Hicke B, Dunn J, Jaeckel H, Nieuwlandt D, Weed D, et al. Staph ID/R: a Rapid Method for Determining Staphylococcus Species Identity and Detecting the mecA Gene Directly from Positive Blood Culture. 2012 [cited 2020 Sep 28]; Available from: http://jcm.asm.org/
Standards P, Testing AS. M100 Performance Standards for Antimicrobial. 28th ed. CLSI, editor. Wayne, USA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute antimicrobial; 2018. 18 p.
Steward CD, Raney PM, Morrell AK, Williams PP, McDougal LK, Jevitt L, et al. Testing for induction of clindamycin resistance in erythromycin-resistant isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol. 2005;43(4):1716–21.
Carroll KC, Borek AP, Burger C, Glanz B, Bhally H, Henciak S, et al. Evaluation of the BD phoenix automated microbiology system for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of staphylococci and enterococci. J Clin Microbiol. 2006 Jun;44(6):2072–7
Holfelder M, Eigner U, Turnwald A-M, Witte W, Weizenegger M, Fahr A. Direct detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in clinical specimens by a nucleic acid-based hybridisation assay. Eur Soc Clin Infect Dis. 2006;12:1163–7.
Sistema PCR multiplex FILMARRAYTM | bioMérieux Colombia [Internet]. [cited 2022 Jun 23]. Available from: https://www.biomerieux.com.co/diagnostico-clinico/sistema-pcr-multiplex-
Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Prevención y control de infecciones asociadas a la atención de la salud. Recomendaciones Básicas. [Internet]. Washington, D.C.; 2017 [cited 2020 Jan 6]. Available from: https://www3.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_docman&view=download& category_slug=publicaciones-tecnicas-investigacion-5602&alias=40356- prevencion-control-infecciones-asociadas-a-atencion-salud recomendaciones-basicas-2018-356&Itemid=270&lang=es
Garner JS, Jarvis WR, Emori TG, Horan TC, Hughes JM. CDC definitions for nosocomial infections, 1988. Am J Infect Control [Internet]. 1988 Jun 1 [cited 2022 Jun 24];16(3):128–40. Available from: http://www.ajicjournal.org/article/0196655388900533/fulltext
Kallen AJ, Mu Y, Bulens S, Reingold A, Petit S, Gershman K, et al. Health care-associated invasive MRSA infections, 2005-2008. JAMA - J Am Med Assoc. 2010 Aug 11;304(6):641–8.
American Thoracic Society Documents. American Thoracic Society Documents Guidelines for the Management of Adults with Hospital-acquired, Ventilator-associated, and Healthcare-associated Pneumonia. 2004 [cited 2020 Jan 6]; Available from: www.atsjournals.org
O NP, Alexander M, Burns LA, Patchen Dellinger E, Garland J, Heard SO, et al. Guidelines for the Prevention of Intravascular Catheter-Related Infections (2011) [Internet]. [cited 2020 Jan 6]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/bsi/c-i-dressings/index.html
Gould C V, Umscheid CA, Rajender ;, Agarwal K, Kuntz G, Pegues DA. Guideline for Prevention of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections (2009) [Internet]. [cited 2020 Jan 6]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/cauti/
Magira EE, Islam S, Niederman MS. Multi-drug resistant organism infections in a medical ICU: Association to clinical features and impact upon outcome. Med Intensiva. 2018 May 1;42(4):225–34.
Lake JG, Weiner LM, Milstone AM, Saiman L, Magill SS, See I, et al. Pathogen Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance Among Pediatric Healthcare-Associated Infections Reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network, 2011-2014 HHS Public Access. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2020 Sep 28];39(1):1–11. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2017.236
Prevention C for DC and. Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States [Internet]. Atlanta, Georgia; 2013 [cited 2020 Mar 11]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/pdf/ar-threats-2013-508.pdf
Comité de infecciones. Perfil epidemiológico de la Resistencia a Antimicrobianos. Pereira, Colombia; 2019.
Horan TC, Andrus M, Dudeck MA. CDC/NHSN surveillance definition of health care-associated infection and criteria for specific types of infections in the acute care setting. Am J Infect Control [Internet]. 2008 Jun 1 [cited 2020 Nov 21];36(5):309–32. Available from: http://www.ajicjournal.org/article/S0196655308001673/fulltext
Menon K, Schlapbach LJ, Akech S, Argent A, Chiotos K, Chisti MJ, et al. Pediatric Sepsis Definition—A Systematic Review Protocol by the Pediatric Sepsis Definition Taskforce. Crit Care Explor [Internet]. 2020 Jun [cited 2020 Nov 21];2(6):e0123. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/ccejournal/Fulltext/2020/06000/Pediatric_Sepsis_De finition_A_Systematic_Review.11.aspx
Disease IGOK. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. In: Work-group, editor. Kidney International Supplements [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2020 Nov 21]. Available from: http://www.kidney-international.org
Goldstein B, Giroir B, Randolph A. International pediatric sepsis consensus conference: Definitions for sepsis and organ dysfunction in pediatrics*. Pediatr Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2005 Jan [cited 2020 Nov 21];6(1):2–8. Available from: http://journals.lww.com/00130478-200501000-00002
Rhys H, Safari an OMC. Machine Learning with R, the tidyverse, and mlr. :536.
R: The R Project for Statistical Computing [Internet]. [cited 2022 Jun 23]. Available from: https://www.r-project.org/
Camacho-Cruz J, Gutiérrez IF, Brand-López K, Sosa-Rodríguez YA, Vásquez-Hoyos P, Gómez-Cortés LC, et al. Differences between Methicillin susceptible Versus Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Pediatrics: Multicenter Cohort Study Conducted in Bogotá, Colombia, 2014- 2018. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2022;41(1):12–9.
Chang FY, Peacock JE, Musher DM, Triplett P, MacDonald BB, Mylotte JM, 91 et al. Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: Recurrence and the impact of antibiotic treatment in a prospective multicenter study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2003;82(5):333–9.
Jones KDJ, Berkley JA. Severe acute malnutrition and infection. Paediatr Int Child Health [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2022 Jun 23];34(s1). Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/2046904714Z.000000000218
Kim J, Kim BE, Ahn K, Leung DYM. Interactions Between Atopic Dermatitis and Staphylococcus aureus Infection: Clinical Implications. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res [Internet]. 2019 Jul 8 [cited 2022 Jun 23];11(5):593–603. Available from: https://synapse.koreamed.org/articles/1129643
Castillo L, Carcillo J. Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and severe sepsis/systemic inflammatory response syndrome/multiorgan dysfunction syndrome/macrophage activation syndrome share common intermediate phenotypes on a spectrum of inflammation. Pediatr Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2009 May 1 [cited 2022 Jun 23];10(3):387–92. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/pccmjournal/Fulltext/2009/05000/Secondary_hemop hagocytic_lymphohistiocytosis_and.19.aspx
Tindal EW, Armstead BE, Monaghan SF, Heffernan DS, Ayala A. Emerging therapeutic targets for sepsis. Expert Opin Ther Targets [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Jun 23];25(3):175–89. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=iett20
Prieto Espuñes S, López-Herce Cid J, Rey Galán C, Medina Villanueva A, Concha Torre A, Martínez Camblor P. Índices Pronósticos De Mortalidad En 92 Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. An Pediatr. 2007;66(4):345–50.
Hendra, Ari Lukas Runtunuwu1 JICM. Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction (PELOD) Score as prognosis of multiple organ failure in sepsis. Paediatr Indones. 2011;51(4):207–12.
Zhang L, Wu Y, Huang H, Liu C, Cheng Y, Xu L, et al. Performance of PRISM III, PELOD-2, and P-MODS Scores in Two Pediatric Intensive Care Units in China. Front Pediatr. 2021;9(April):1–7.
Akhtar H, Ehsan S, Imran M, Aqeel KM. PRISM score as a predictor of mortality among pediatric intensive care units. Int J Endorsing Heal Sci Res. 2021;9(4):511–7.
Shann F, Pearson G, Slater A, Wilkinson K. Paediatric index of mortality (PIM): A mortality prediction model for children in intensive care. Intensive Care Med. 1997;23(2):201–7.
Solomon LJ, Morrow BM, Argent AC. Paediatric index of mortality scores: An evaluation of function in the paediatric intensive care unit of the Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital. South African J Crit Care. 2014;30(1):8– 13.
dc.rights.license.none.fl_str_mv Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
dc.rights.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.coar.none.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.accessrights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.extent.none.fl_str_mv 92 Páginas
dc.format.mimetype.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.coverage.city.none.fl_str_mv Pereira Risaralda
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
dc.publisher.program.none.fl_str_mv Especialización en Pediatría
dc.publisher.faculty.none.fl_str_mv Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
dc.publisher.place.none.fl_str_mv Pereira
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
institution Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://dspace7-utp.metabuscador.org/bitstreams/41d03159-9f4f-4671-b907-a560650daf39/download
https://dspace7-utp.metabuscador.org/bitstreams/e09afe73-6a07-4d78-b844-253f923e134e/download
https://dspace7-utp.metabuscador.org/bitstreams/843a3808-d40c-42e6-9912-2385357a61c2/download
https://dspace7-utp.metabuscador.org/bitstreams/69d75711-4f98-41b0-be6a-0618c5ca3d0e/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv a8275c33702897971528df32e469eee3
2f9959eaf5b71fae44bbf9ec84150c7a
879d6641f2611474215c65078660d3d1
7a35d31acfc6b31f06ffc39300585a9e
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
repository.mail.fl_str_mv bdigital@metabiblioteca.com
_version_ 1828202061974470656
spelling Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)Manifiesto (Manifestamos) en este documento la voluntad de autorizar a la Biblioteca Jorge Roa Martínez de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira la publicación en el Repositorio institucional (http://biblioteca.utp.edu.co), la versión electrónica de la OBRA titulada: ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ La Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, entidad académica sin ánimo de lucro, queda por lo tanto facultada para ejercer plenamente la autorización anteriormente descrita en su actividad ordinaria de investigación, docencia y publicación. La autorización otorgada se ajusta a lo que establece la Ley 23 de 1982. Con todo, en mi (nuestra) condición de autor (es) me (nos) reservo (reservamos) los derechos morales de la OBRA antes citada con arreglo al artículo 30 dehttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessValero Guzmán, LeonardoArenas Arias Maria Fernanda2022-09-08T15:11:08Z2022-09-08T15:11:08Z2022https://hdl.handle.net/11059/14249Universidad Tecnológica de PereiraRepositorio Institucional Universidad Tecnológica de Pereirahttps://repositorio.utp.edu.co/hometulo: Estudio clínico-epidemiológico de la resistencia a antibióticos del Staphylococcus aureus en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico. Diseño del estudio: observacional retrospectivo de tipo transversal. Justificación: No se conoce si entre los subgrupos clínicos - de acuerdo a la localización de la infección y su gravedad - de niños críticos, la frecuencia de los patrones de resistencia a antibióticos del S. aureus es diferente y se tienen datos sobre cambios en la frecuencia de los patrones resistencia del S. aureus adquirido en la comunidad (AC) e intrahospitalario (IH), pero es escasa la medición de la frecuencia en el subgrupo de niños críticos y casi inexistente si se discrimina por variables clínicas en estos pacientes. Objetivo general: Conocer la frecuencia de los diferentes tipos de resistencia a antibióticos del S. aureus en los niños hospitalizados en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico (UCIP) del Hospital San Jorge de Pereira, en el período 2015 – 2020. Objetivos específicos: Primero medir la frecuencia de ingreso a la UCIP por infecciones por S. aureus del centro participante. Segundo, describir las variables clínicas - demográficas de los niños hospitalizado en la UCIP con infecciones por S. aureus. Tercero, medir la frecuencia de la resistencia a los antibióticos del S. aureus en los niños hospitalizados en las UCIP. Cuarto, medir la frecuencia de la resistencia a los antibióticos del S. aureus en diferentes subgrupos clínicos de los niños de la UCIP. Población de estudio: Pacientes pediátricos mayores de 1 mes y menores de 18 años de edad, que fueron hospitalizados en las UCIP del centro participante por infecciones por S. aureus. Tamaño de la muestra: Se incluirán todos los pacientes que cumplan los criterios de ingreso en el período de observación: enero 1/2015 – diciembre 31/2020. Duración del estudio: 6 meses para recolectar retrospectivamente la información disponible, entre enero 1 de 2021 y julio 31 de 2021.Title: Clinical-epidemiological study of antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in a pediatric intensive care unit. Study design: retrospective cross-sectional observational study. Justification: It is not known whether among the clinical subgroups - according to the location of the infection and its severity - of critically ill children, the frequency of antibiotic resistance patterns of S. aureus is different and there are data on changes in the frequency of resistance patterns of S. aureus acquired in the community (AC) and in-hospital (IH), but there is little measurement of the frequency in the subgroup of critically ill children and almost non-existent if discriminated by clinical variables in these patients. General objective: To know the frequency of the different types of antibiotic resistance of S. aureus in children hospitalized in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) at the Hospital San Jorge de Pereira, in the period 2015 - 2020. Specific objectives: First, to measure the frequency of admission to the PICU for S. aureus infections in the participating center. Second, to describe the clinical-demographic variables of children hospitalized in the PICU with S. aureus infections. Third, to measure the frequency of antibiotic resistance in S. aureus in children hospitalized in PICUs. Fourth, to measure the frequency of antibiotic resistance in S. aureus in different clinical subgroups of PICU children. Study population: Pediatric patients older than 1 month and younger than 18 years of age, who were hospitalized in the PICU of the participating center for S. aureus infections. Sample size: All patients who meet the entry criteria in the observation period: January 1/2015 – December 31/2020 will be adopted.Contenido Agradecimientos ....................................................................................................................................4 Índice de tablas.......................................................................................................................................6 Índice de gráficas...................................................................................................................................7 Índice de anexos.....................................................................................................................................8 Anexo 1........................................................................................................ Pág. 77...........8 Instrumento de recolección de la información .............................................................................8 Anexo 2………………………………………………………………………....…Pág. 78...........8 Aprobación del comité de Bioética de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira ......................8 Lista abreviaturas...................................................................................................................................9 Glosario ..................................................................................................................................................11 Resumen.................................................................................................................................................16 Introducción ..........................................................................................................................................19 Planteamiento del problema..............................................................................................................21 Pregunta de investigación.................................................................................................................22 Justificación ..........................................................................................................................................22 Marco teórico ........................................................................................................................................25 Objetivos ................................................................................................................................................39 Metodología ...........................................................................................................................................40 Consideraciones éticas..................................................................................................................52 Conflictos de interés ...........................................................................................................................53 Resultados .............................................................................................................................................54 Discusión................................................................................................................................................66 Conclusiones:.......................................................................................................................................76 Anexo 1.................................................................................................................................................788 Anexo 2...................................................................................................................................................79 Referencias............................................................................................................................................80EspecializaciónEspecialista en Pediatría92 Páginasapplication/pdfspaUniversidad Tecnológica de PereiraEspecialización en PediatríaFacultad de Ciencias de la SaludPereira610 - Medicina y salud::616 - EnfermedadesStaphylococcus aureusEstudio clínicoStaphylococcus aureusMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusIntensive Care UnitsEstudio Clínico - Epidemiológico de la resistencia a antibióticos del Staphylococcus Aureus en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátricoTrabajo de grado - Pregradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fTextinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisPereira RisaraldaKaplan SL. Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Children. Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. 2006 Jul;17(3):113– 9.Popescu B, Tevanov I, Carp M, Ulici A. Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in pediatric patients: epidemiology and risk factors of a poor outcome. J Int Med Res [Internet]. [cited 2020 Feb 28];48(4):1–9. Available from: https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sageFrei CR, Makos BR, Daniels KR, Oramasionwu CU. Emergence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections as a common cause of hospitalization in United States children ☆. J Pediatr Surg [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2020 Feb 26];45:1967–74. Available from: www.elsevier.com/locate/jpedsurgFridkin SK, Hageman JC, Morrison M, Sanza LT, Como-Sabetti K, Jernigan JA, et al. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Disease in Three Communities [Internet]. Vol. 7. 2005 [cited 2020 Sep 28]. Available from: www.nejm.orgBull World Health Organ. United Nations meeting on antimicrobial resistance [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2020 Sep 26]. Available from: https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/94/9/16-020916.pdfWorld Health Organ. Plan de acción mundial sobre la resistencia a los 82 antimicrobianos [Internet]. Ginebra, Suiza; 2016 [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/255204/9789243509761- spa.pdfDirección de Medicamentos y Tecnologías en Salud M de S y P social. Plan nacional de respuesta a la resistencia a los antimicrobianos [Internet]. Colombia; 2018 [cited 2019 Dec 15]. Available from: https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/MET/pl an-respuesta-resistencia-antimicrobianos.pdfWeiss SL, Peters MJ, Alhazzani W, Agus MSD, Flori HR, Inwald DP, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign International Guidelines for the Management of Septic Shock and Sepsis-Associated Organ Dysfunction in Children. Pediatr Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2020 Feb [cited 2020 Nov 16];21(2):e52–106. Available from: http://journals.lww.com/10.1097/PCC.0000000000002198Rodríguez APV, Ortega MHD, Garzón LIB, Vargas SMR, Iguarán DEH, Botero MVV, et al. Tendencias de los fenotipos de resistencia bacteriana en hospitales públicos y privados de alta complejidad de Colombia. Rev Panam Salud Publica/Pan Am J Public Heal. 2011 Dec;30(6):627–33.Castro-Orozco R, Villafañe-Ferrer L, Rocha-Jiménez J, Alvis-Guzmán N. Fenotipos de multirresistencia, cartagena (colombia) antimicrobial resistance in staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis: temporal tendencies (2010-2016) and multi-drug resistance phenotypes, cartagena (colombia). 2018;17(2):25–36.Chávez-Vivas M, Martínez A del C, Esparza-Mantilla M. Caracterización de staphylococcus aureus obtenido del ambiente hospitalario y del personal de salud en un hospital de la ciudad de cali. Biosalud. 2017;16(2):22–33Klevens RM, Edwards JR, Richards CL, Horan TC, Gaynes RP, Pollock DA, et al. Estimating Health Care-Associated Infections and Deaths in U.S. Hospitals, 2002. Public Heal Reports /. 2007;122:160–6.Sutter DE, Milburn E, Chukwuma U, Dzialowy N, Maranich AM, Hospenthal DR. Changing Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus in a US Pediatric Population. Pediatrics. 2016;137(4).McMullan BJ, Bowen A, Blyth CC, Van Hal S, Korman TM, Buttery J, et al. Epidemiology and mortality of staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in Australian and New Zealand children. JAMA Pediatr. 2016 Oct 1;170(10):979–86.Karbuz A, Karahan ZC, Aldemir-Kocabaş B, Tekeli A, Özdemir H, Güriz H, et al. Evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibilities and virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from community-acquired and health care associated pediatric infections. Turk J Pediatr. 2017;59(4):395–4Ungureanu A, Zlatian O, Mitroi G, Drocaş A, Ţîrcã T, Cǎlina D, et al. Staphylococcus aureus colonisation in patients from a primary regional hospital. Mol Med Rep. 2017;16(6):8771–80.Hamdy RF, Hsu AJ, Stockmann C, Olson JA, Bryan M, Hersh AL, et al. Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in Children [Internet]. Vol. 139, Article PEDIATRICS. 2017. Available from:Moran GJ, Krishnadasan A, Gorwitz RJ, Fosheim GE, Mcdougal LK, Carey RB, et al. Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus Infections among Patients in the Emergency Department A bs tr ac t. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2020 Jan 6];355(7):666–74. Available from: www.nejm.orgGordon O, Cohen MJ, Gross I, Amit S, Averbuch D, Engelhard D, et al. Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in Children: Antibiotic Resistance and Mortality. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2019;38(5):459–63.Ericson JE, Popoola VO, Brian Smith P, Fowler VG, Benjamin DK, Clark RH, et al. Burden of invasive staphylococcus aureus infections in hospitalized infants. JAMA Pediatr. 2015 Dec 1;169(12):1105–11.Nakamura MM, Mcadam AJ, Sandora TJ, Moreira KR, Lee GM. Higher Prevalence of Pharyngeal than Nasal Staphylococcus aureus Carriage in Pediatric Intensive Care Units. J Clin Microbiol [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2020 Nov 17];48(8):2957–9. Available from: http://jcm.asm.org/Spaulding AB, Thurm C, Courter JD, Banerjee R, Gerber JS, Newland JG, et al. Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus infections in patients admitted to freestanding pediatric hospitals, 2009-2016. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol [Internet]. 2018 Dec 1 [cited 2020 Sep 26];39(12):1487–90. Available from: /core/journals/infection-control-and-hospital epidemiology/article/epidemiology-of-staphylococcus-aureus-infections-in patients-admitted-to-freestanding-pediatric-hospitals 20092016/897BBC352A915B975FABE5C4AD03F3CEMiles F, Voss L, Segedin E. Review of Staphylococcus aureus infections requiring admission to a paediatric intensive care unit. Arch Dis Child [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2020 Sep 26];90:1274–8. Available from: www.archdischild.comMilstone AM, Carroll KC, Ross T, Shangraw KA, Perl TM. Community associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in pediatric intensive care unit. Emerg Infect Dis [Internet]. 2010 Apr [cited 2020 Sep 27];16(4):647–55. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3321932/Wyllie DH, Crook DW, Peto TEA. Mortality after Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in two acute hospitals in Oxfordshire, 1997-2003: Cohort study. Br Med J [Internet]. 2006 Aug 5 [cited 2020 Sep 27];333(7562):281–4. Available from: /pmc/articles/PMC1526943/?report=abstractEstafilococos | Sherris. Microbiología médica, 6e | AccessMedicina | McGraw-Hill Medical [Internet]. [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: https://accessmedicina-mhmedical com.ezproxy.utp.edu.co/content.aspx?bookid=2169&sectionid=162982610# 1143535073Nakamura MM, Rohling KL, Shashaty M, Lu H, Tang Y-W, Edwards KM. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in the community pediatric population. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2002;21(10):917– 38.Liu GY. Molecular Pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus Infection. Pediatr 86 Res [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2020 Sep 28];65(5):71–7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2919328/Missiakas DM, Schneewind O. Growth and Laboratory Maintenance of Staphylococcus aureus. Curr Protoc Microbiol [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2019 Dec 17];9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23408134/Llanos Mendez A, Baños Álvarez E. Identificación rápida de Staphylococcus aureus meticilina resistente Cribado de portadores [Internet]. Agencia de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias de Andalucía 2011. Available from: https://www.aetsa.org/download/publicaciones/antiguas/AETSA_2011_2_5_ MRSA.pdOPS, OMS. OPS/OMS Resistencia a los antimicrobianos [Internet]. [cited 2022 Jun 24]. Available from: https://www3.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1 1129:amr-antimicrobial-resistance-intro&Itemid=41534&lang=esPlanet PJ, Parker D, Ruff NL, Shinefield HR. Revisiting Bacterial Interference in the Age of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Insights Into Staphylococcus aureus Carriage, Pathogenicity and Potential Control. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2019;38(9):958–66.Reygaert WC. An overview of the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of bacteria. AIMS Microbiol [Internet]. 1900 [cited 2019 Dec 17];4(3):482–501. Available from: http://www.aimspress.com/journal/microbiologyLyon BR, Skurray R. Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus: Genetic basis. Microbiol Rev. 1987;51(1):88–134.Foster TJ. Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Current status and future prospects. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2017;41(3):430–49.Pasko C, Hicke B, Dunn J, Jaeckel H, Nieuwlandt D, Weed D, et al. Staph ID/R: a Rapid Method for Determining Staphylococcus Species Identity and Detecting the mecA Gene Directly from Positive Blood Culture. 2012 [cited 2020 Sep 28]; Available from: http://jcm.asm.org/Standards P, Testing AS. M100 Performance Standards for Antimicrobial. 28th ed. CLSI, editor. Wayne, USA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute antimicrobial; 2018. 18 p.Steward CD, Raney PM, Morrell AK, Williams PP, McDougal LK, Jevitt L, et al. Testing for induction of clindamycin resistance in erythromycin-resistant isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol. 2005;43(4):1716–21.Carroll KC, Borek AP, Burger C, Glanz B, Bhally H, Henciak S, et al. Evaluation of the BD phoenix automated microbiology system for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of staphylococci and enterococci. J Clin Microbiol. 2006 Jun;44(6):2072–7Holfelder M, Eigner U, Turnwald A-M, Witte W, Weizenegger M, Fahr A. Direct detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in clinical specimens by a nucleic acid-based hybridisation assay. Eur Soc Clin Infect Dis. 2006;12:1163–7.Sistema PCR multiplex FILMARRAYTM | bioMérieux Colombia [Internet]. [cited 2022 Jun 23]. Available from: https://www.biomerieux.com.co/diagnostico-clinico/sistema-pcr-multiplex-Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Prevención y control de infecciones asociadas a la atención de la salud. Recomendaciones Básicas. [Internet]. Washington, D.C.; 2017 [cited 2020 Jan 6]. Available from: https://www3.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_docman&view=download& category_slug=publicaciones-tecnicas-investigacion-5602&alias=40356- prevencion-control-infecciones-asociadas-a-atencion-salud recomendaciones-basicas-2018-356&Itemid=270&lang=esGarner JS, Jarvis WR, Emori TG, Horan TC, Hughes JM. CDC definitions for nosocomial infections, 1988. Am J Infect Control [Internet]. 1988 Jun 1 [cited 2022 Jun 24];16(3):128–40. Available from: http://www.ajicjournal.org/article/0196655388900533/fulltextKallen AJ, Mu Y, Bulens S, Reingold A, Petit S, Gershman K, et al. Health care-associated invasive MRSA infections, 2005-2008. JAMA - J Am Med Assoc. 2010 Aug 11;304(6):641–8.American Thoracic Society Documents. American Thoracic Society Documents Guidelines for the Management of Adults with Hospital-acquired, Ventilator-associated, and Healthcare-associated Pneumonia. 2004 [cited 2020 Jan 6]; Available from: www.atsjournals.orgO NP, Alexander M, Burns LA, Patchen Dellinger E, Garland J, Heard SO, et al. Guidelines for the Prevention of Intravascular Catheter-Related Infections (2011) [Internet]. [cited 2020 Jan 6]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/bsi/c-i-dressings/index.htmlGould C V, Umscheid CA, Rajender ;, Agarwal K, Kuntz G, Pegues DA. Guideline for Prevention of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections (2009) [Internet]. [cited 2020 Jan 6]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/cauti/Magira EE, Islam S, Niederman MS. Multi-drug resistant organism infections in a medical ICU: Association to clinical features and impact upon outcome. Med Intensiva. 2018 May 1;42(4):225–34.Lake JG, Weiner LM, Milstone AM, Saiman L, Magill SS, See I, et al. Pathogen Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance Among Pediatric Healthcare-Associated Infections Reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network, 2011-2014 HHS Public Access. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2020 Sep 28];39(1):1–11. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2017.236Prevention C for DC and. Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States [Internet]. Atlanta, Georgia; 2013 [cited 2020 Mar 11]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/pdf/ar-threats-2013-508.pdfComité de infecciones. Perfil epidemiológico de la Resistencia a Antimicrobianos. Pereira, Colombia; 2019.Horan TC, Andrus M, Dudeck MA. CDC/NHSN surveillance definition of health care-associated infection and criteria for specific types of infections in the acute care setting. Am J Infect Control [Internet]. 2008 Jun 1 [cited 2020 Nov 21];36(5):309–32. Available from: http://www.ajicjournal.org/article/S0196655308001673/fulltextMenon K, Schlapbach LJ, Akech S, Argent A, Chiotos K, Chisti MJ, et al. Pediatric Sepsis Definition—A Systematic Review Protocol by the Pediatric Sepsis Definition Taskforce. Crit Care Explor [Internet]. 2020 Jun [cited 2020 Nov 21];2(6):e0123. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/ccejournal/Fulltext/2020/06000/Pediatric_Sepsis_De finition_A_Systematic_Review.11.aspxDisease IGOK. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. In: Work-group, editor. Kidney International Supplements [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2020 Nov 21]. Available from: http://www.kidney-international.orgGoldstein B, Giroir B, Randolph A. International pediatric sepsis consensus conference: Definitions for sepsis and organ dysfunction in pediatrics*. Pediatr Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2005 Jan [cited 2020 Nov 21];6(1):2–8. Available from: http://journals.lww.com/00130478-200501000-00002Rhys H, Safari an OMC. Machine Learning with R, the tidyverse, and mlr. :536.R: The R Project for Statistical Computing [Internet]. [cited 2022 Jun 23]. Available from: https://www.r-project.org/Camacho-Cruz J, Gutiérrez IF, Brand-López K, Sosa-Rodríguez YA, Vásquez-Hoyos P, Gómez-Cortés LC, et al. Differences between Methicillin susceptible Versus Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Pediatrics: Multicenter Cohort Study Conducted in Bogotá, Colombia, 2014- 2018. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2022;41(1):12–9.Chang FY, Peacock JE, Musher DM, Triplett P, MacDonald BB, Mylotte JM, 91 et al. Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: Recurrence and the impact of antibiotic treatment in a prospective multicenter study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2003;82(5):333–9.Jones KDJ, Berkley JA. Severe acute malnutrition and infection. Paediatr Int Child Health [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2022 Jun 23];34(s1). Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/2046904714Z.000000000218Kim J, Kim BE, Ahn K, Leung DYM. Interactions Between Atopic Dermatitis and Staphylococcus aureus Infection: Clinical Implications. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res [Internet]. 2019 Jul 8 [cited 2022 Jun 23];11(5):593–603. Available from: https://synapse.koreamed.org/articles/1129643Castillo L, Carcillo J. Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and severe sepsis/systemic inflammatory response syndrome/multiorgan dysfunction syndrome/macrophage activation syndrome share common intermediate phenotypes on a spectrum of inflammation. Pediatr Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2009 May 1 [cited 2022 Jun 23];10(3):387–92. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/pccmjournal/Fulltext/2009/05000/Secondary_hemop hagocytic_lymphohistiocytosis_and.19.aspxTindal EW, Armstead BE, Monaghan SF, Heffernan DS, Ayala A. Emerging therapeutic targets for sepsis. Expert Opin Ther Targets [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Jun 23];25(3):175–89. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=iett20Prieto Espuñes S, López-Herce Cid J, Rey Galán C, Medina Villanueva A, Concha Torre A, Martínez Camblor P. Índices Pronósticos De Mortalidad En 92 Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. An Pediatr. 2007;66(4):345–50.Hendra, Ari Lukas Runtunuwu1 JICM. Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction (PELOD) Score as prognosis of multiple organ failure in sepsis. Paediatr Indones. 2011;51(4):207–12.Zhang L, Wu Y, Huang H, Liu C, Cheng Y, Xu L, et al. Performance of PRISM III, PELOD-2, and P-MODS Scores in Two Pediatric Intensive Care Units in China. Front Pediatr. 2021;9(April):1–7.Akhtar H, Ehsan S, Imran M, Aqeel KM. PRISM score as a predictor of mortality among pediatric intensive care units. Int J Endorsing Heal Sci Res. 2021;9(4):511–7.Shann F, Pearson G, Slater A, Wilkinson K. Paediatric index of mortality (PIM): A mortality prediction model for children in intensive care. Intensive Care Med. 1997;23(2):201–7.Solomon LJ, Morrow BM, Argent AC. Paediatric index of mortality scores: An evaluation of function in the paediatric intensive care unit of the Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital. South African J Crit Care. 2014;30(1):8– 13.ORIGINALTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdfTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdfapplication/pdf1589053https://dspace7-utp.metabuscador.org/bitstreams/41d03159-9f4f-4671-b907-a560650daf39/downloada8275c33702897971528df32e469eee3MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-814828https://dspace7-utp.metabuscador.org/bitstreams/e09afe73-6a07-4d78-b844-253f923e134e/download2f9959eaf5b71fae44bbf9ec84150c7aMD52TEXTTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdf.txtTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain136439https://dspace7-utp.metabuscador.org/bitstreams/843a3808-d40c-42e6-9912-2385357a61c2/download879d6641f2611474215c65078660d3d1MD53THUMBNAILTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdf.jpgTRABAJO DE GRADO.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg7075https://dspace7-utp.metabuscador.org/bitstreams/69d75711-4f98-41b0-be6a-0618c5ca3d0e/download7a35d31acfc6b31f06ffc39300585a9eMD5411059/14249oai:dspace7-utp.metabuscador.org:11059/142492022-09-09 03:00:34.987https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Manifiesto (Manifestamos) en este documento la voluntad de autorizar a la Biblioteca Jorge Roa Martínez de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira la publicación en el Repositorio institucional (http://biblioteca.utp.edu.co), la versión electrónica de la OBRA titulada: ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ La Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, entidad académica sin ánimo de lucro, queda por lo tanto facultada para ejercer plenamente la autorización anteriormente descrita en su actividad ordinaria de investigación, docencia y publicación. La autorización otorgada se ajusta a lo que establece la Ley 23 de 1982. Con todo, en mi (nuestra) condición de autor (es) me (nos) reservo (reservamos) los derechos morales de la OBRA antes citada con arreglo al artículo 30 deopen.accesshttps://dspace7-utp.metabuscador.orgRepositorio de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereirabdigital@metabiblioteca.com

Publicaciones similares