Influence of window design and environmental variables on the window opening behavior of occupants and energy consumption in residential buildings

Building energy use, thermal comfort, natural ventilation, and indoor air quality are influenced by the occupant behavior related to the opening and closing of windows in residential buildings. Studies about window opening and closing behaviour focused mainly on environmental variables (indoor tempe...

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Autores:
Sivapriya Chelliah
Subbaiyan Gnanasambandam
Srinivas Tadepalli
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2025
Institución:
Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
Repositorio:
Repositorio Institucional UTB
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/13535
Acceso en línea:
https://doi.org/10.32397/tesea.vol6.n1.583
Palabra clave:
Window Characteristics
Environmental variables
Ease of operation
Frequency of opening and closing
Open duration of windows
Energy consumption
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openAccess
License
Sivapriya Chelliah, Subbaiyan Gnanasambandam, Srinivas Tadepalli - 2025
id UTB2_fd8bf51dfd4cd4abdab889733077cfc9
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/13535
network_acronym_str UTB2
network_name_str Repositorio Institucional UTB
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Influence of window design and environmental variables on the window opening behavior of occupants and energy consumption in residential buildings
dc.title.translated.spa.fl_str_mv Influence of window design and environmental variables on the window opening behavior of occupants and energy consumption in residential buildings
title Influence of window design and environmental variables on the window opening behavior of occupants and energy consumption in residential buildings
spellingShingle Influence of window design and environmental variables on the window opening behavior of occupants and energy consumption in residential buildings
Window Characteristics
Environmental variables
Ease of operation
Frequency of opening and closing
Open duration of windows
Energy consumption
title_short Influence of window design and environmental variables on the window opening behavior of occupants and energy consumption in residential buildings
title_full Influence of window design and environmental variables on the window opening behavior of occupants and energy consumption in residential buildings
title_fullStr Influence of window design and environmental variables on the window opening behavior of occupants and energy consumption in residential buildings
title_full_unstemmed Influence of window design and environmental variables on the window opening behavior of occupants and energy consumption in residential buildings
title_sort Influence of window design and environmental variables on the window opening behavior of occupants and energy consumption in residential buildings
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Sivapriya Chelliah
Subbaiyan Gnanasambandam
Srinivas Tadepalli
dc.contributor.author.eng.fl_str_mv Sivapriya Chelliah
Subbaiyan Gnanasambandam
Srinivas Tadepalli
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Window Characteristics
Environmental variables
Ease of operation
Frequency of opening and closing
Open duration of windows
Energy consumption
topic Window Characteristics
Environmental variables
Ease of operation
Frequency of opening and closing
Open duration of windows
Energy consumption
description Building energy use, thermal comfort, natural ventilation, and indoor air quality are influenced by the occupant behavior related to the opening and closing of windows in residential buildings. Studies about window opening and closing behaviour focused mainly on environmental variables (indoor temperature and air quality, climatic factors) and contextual parameters (season, time of the day). This paper investigates the influence of factors related to window design and environmental variables on the frequency of opening and closing the windows and the duration of windows in the open position. The impact of window opening behavior on residential energy consumption is also explored in this study. Data related to window characteristics, ease of operation, hours of windows in open/closed state, and frequency of opening and closing the windows are collected through a questionnaire survey from 365 residences. Energy consumption data is obtained from utility bills and weather data from the meteorological department. Among 365 residences, window opening and closing behaviour were monitored in three residences with loggers for a year to validate the data collected through the questionnaire survey. This study reiterated the influence of environmental variables on the windows’ open duration and the frequency of opening and closing the windows. The results reveal that the window characteristics influence the windows’ open duration and the frequency of opening and closing the windows. The study divulged that energy consumption is influenced by the hours the window is in an open state and the frequency of opening and closing the windows.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2025-02-06 00:00:00
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2025-02-06 00:00:00
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2025-02-06
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.driver.eng.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.coar.eng.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.local.eng.fl_str_mv Journal article
dc.type.content.eng.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.version.eng.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.coarversion.eng.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.url.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.32397/tesea.vol6.n1.583
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv 10.32397/tesea.vol6.n1.583
dc.identifier.eissn.none.fl_str_mv 2745-0120
url https://doi.org/10.32397/tesea.vol6.n1.583
identifier_str_mv 10.32397/tesea.vol6.n1.583
2745-0120
dc.language.iso.eng.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.references.eng.fl_str_mv Dayi Lai, Susu Jia, Yue Qi, and Junjie Liu. Window-opening behavior in chinese residential buildings across different climate zones. Building and Environment, 142:234–243, June 2018. [2] Hom B. Rijal, Miho Honjo, Ryota Kobayashi, and Takashi Nakaya. Investigation of comfort temperature, adaptive model and the window-opening behaviour in japanese houses. Architectural Science Review, 56(1):54–69, December 2012. [3] Maedot S. Andargie, Marianne Touchie, and William O’Brien. A review of factors affecting occupant comfort in multi-unit residential buildings. Building and Environment, 160:106182, June 2019. [4] Valentina Fabi, Rune Vinther Andersen, Stefano Corgnati, and Bjarne W. Olesen. Occupants’ window opening behaviour: A literature review of factors influencing occupant behaviour and models. Building and Environment, 58:188–198, August 2012. [5] Amy Kim, Shuoqi Wang, Ji-Eun Kim, and Dorothy Reed. Indoor/outdoor environmental parameters and window-opening behavior: A structural equation modeling analysis. Buildings, 9(4):94, April 2019. [6] A. K. Mishra, A. M. Van Ruitenbeek, M. G. L. C. Loomans, and H. S. M. Kort. Window/door opening-mediated bedroom ventilation and its impact on sleep quality of healthy, young adults. Indoor Air, 28(2):339–351, November 2017. [7] Mingyao Yao and Bin Zhao. Window opening behavior of occupants in residential buildings in beijing. Building and Environment, 124:441–449, August 2017. [8] Mohd Faheem, Nikhil Bhandari, Srinivas Tadepalli, and J Abinaya. Investigation on window opening behavior in naturally ventilated hostels of warm and humid climate. Energy and Buildings, 268:112184, May 2022. [9] Madhavi Indraganti, Ryozo Ooka, Hom B. Rijal, and Gail S. Brager. Drivers and barriers to occupant adaptation in offices in india. Architectural Science Review, 58(1):77–86, November 2014. [10] Shanshan Shi, Hongjian Li, Xue Ding, and Xin Gao. Effects of household features on residential window opening behaviors: A multilevel logistic regression study. Building and Environment, 170:106610, December 2019. [11] Rory V. Jones, Alba Fuertes, Elisa Gregori, and Alberto Giretti. Stochastic behavioural models of occupants’ main bedroom window operation for uk residential buildings. Building and Environment, 118:144–158, March 2017. [12] Yufan Zhang and Peter Barrett. Factors influencing the occupants’ window opening behaviour in a naturally ventilated office building. Building and Environment, 50:125–134, November 2011. [13] Rune Vinther Andersen, Bjarne W Olesen, and Jørn Toftum. Modelling window opening behaviour in danish dwellings. Proceedings of indoor air, page 51, 2011. [14] Hom B. Rijal, Michael A. Humphreys, and J. Fergus Nicol. Development of a window opening algorithm based on adaptive thermal comfort to predict occupant behavior in japanese dwellings. Japan Architectural Review, 1(3):310–321, June 2018. [15] Hengjie Zheng, Fei Li, Hao Cai, and Kai Zhang. Non-intrusive measurement method for the window opening behavior. Energy and Buildings, 197:171–176, May 2019. [16] Jing Hou, Yufeng Zhang, Yuexia Sun, Yangrui Song, Rongsai Cheng, and Shugang Luo. Occupants’ windows opening behaviour in residences during heating season in tianjin, china. Procedia Engineering, 205:2744–2748, January 2017. [17] Geun Young Yun and Koen Steemers. Time-dependent occupant behaviour models of window control in summer. Building and Environment, 43(9):1471–1482, October 2007. [18] Frédéric Haldi and Darren Robinson. Interactions with window openings by office occupants. Building and Environment, 44(12):2378–2395, April 2009. [19] Bureau of Indian Standards. National Building Code of India, SP 7: 2016. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India, 2016. Comprehensive building code covering planning, design, construction, and operation of buildings.
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.eng.fl_str_mv Transactions on Energy Systems and Engineering Applications
dc.relation.citationvolume.eng.fl_str_mv 6
dc.relation.citationstartpage.none.fl_str_mv 1
dc.relation.citationendpage.none.fl_str_mv 14
dc.relation.bitstream.none.fl_str_mv https://revistas.utb.edu.co/tesea/article/download/583/436
dc.relation.citationedition.eng.fl_str_mv Núm. 1 , Año 2025 : Transactions on Energy Systems and Engineering Applications
dc.relation.citationissue.eng.fl_str_mv 1
dc.rights.eng.fl_str_mv Sivapriya Chelliah, Subbaiyan Gnanasambandam, Srinivas Tadepalli - 2025
dc.rights.uri.eng.fl_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
dc.rights.accessrights.eng.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.creativecommons.eng.fl_str_mv This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
dc.rights.coar.eng.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
rights_invalid_str_mv Sivapriya Chelliah, Subbaiyan Gnanasambandam, Srinivas Tadepalli - 2025
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.mimetype.eng.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.eng.fl_str_mv Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
dc.source.eng.fl_str_mv https://revistas.utb.edu.co/tesea/article/view/583
institution Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio Digital Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
repository.mail.fl_str_mv bdigital@metabiblioteca.com
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spelling Sivapriya ChelliahSubbaiyan GnanasambandamSrinivas Tadepalli2025-02-06 00:00:002025-02-06 00:00:002025-02-06Building energy use, thermal comfort, natural ventilation, and indoor air quality are influenced by the occupant behavior related to the opening and closing of windows in residential buildings. Studies about window opening and closing behaviour focused mainly on environmental variables (indoor temperature and air quality, climatic factors) and contextual parameters (season, time of the day). This paper investigates the influence of factors related to window design and environmental variables on the frequency of opening and closing the windows and the duration of windows in the open position. The impact of window opening behavior on residential energy consumption is also explored in this study. Data related to window characteristics, ease of operation, hours of windows in open/closed state, and frequency of opening and closing the windows are collected through a questionnaire survey from 365 residences. Energy consumption data is obtained from utility bills and weather data from the meteorological department. Among 365 residences, window opening and closing behaviour were monitored in three residences with loggers for a year to validate the data collected through the questionnaire survey. This study reiterated the influence of environmental variables on the windows’ open duration and the frequency of opening and closing the windows. The results reveal that the window characteristics influence the windows’ open duration and the frequency of opening and closing the windows. The study divulged that energy consumption is influenced by the hours the window is in an open state and the frequency of opening and closing the windows.application/pdfengUniversidad Tecnológica de BolívarSivapriya Chelliah, Subbaiyan Gnanasambandam, Srinivas Tadepalli - 2025https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://revistas.utb.edu.co/tesea/article/view/583Window CharacteristicsEnvironmental variablesEase of operationFrequency of opening and closingOpen duration of windowsEnergy consumptionInfluence of window design and environmental variables on the window opening behavior of occupants and energy consumption in residential buildingsInfluence of window design and environmental variables on the window opening behavior of occupants and energy consumption in residential buildingsArtículo de revistainfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Journal articleTextinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85https://doi.org/10.32397/tesea.vol6.n1.58310.32397/tesea.vol6.n1.5832745-0120Dayi Lai, Susu Jia, Yue Qi, and Junjie Liu. Window-opening behavior in chinese residential buildings across different climate zones. Building and Environment, 142:234–243, June 2018. [2] Hom B. Rijal, Miho Honjo, Ryota Kobayashi, and Takashi Nakaya. Investigation of comfort temperature, adaptive model and the window-opening behaviour in japanese houses. Architectural Science Review, 56(1):54–69, December 2012. [3] Maedot S. Andargie, Marianne Touchie, and William O’Brien. A review of factors affecting occupant comfort in multi-unit residential buildings. Building and Environment, 160:106182, June 2019. [4] Valentina Fabi, Rune Vinther Andersen, Stefano Corgnati, and Bjarne W. Olesen. Occupants’ window opening behaviour: A literature review of factors influencing occupant behaviour and models. Building and Environment, 58:188–198, August 2012. [5] Amy Kim, Shuoqi Wang, Ji-Eun Kim, and Dorothy Reed. Indoor/outdoor environmental parameters and window-opening behavior: A structural equation modeling analysis. Buildings, 9(4):94, April 2019. [6] A. K. Mishra, A. M. Van Ruitenbeek, M. G. L. C. Loomans, and H. S. M. Kort. Window/door opening-mediated bedroom ventilation and its impact on sleep quality of healthy, young adults. Indoor Air, 28(2):339–351, November 2017. [7] Mingyao Yao and Bin Zhao. Window opening behavior of occupants in residential buildings in beijing. Building and Environment, 124:441–449, August 2017. [8] Mohd Faheem, Nikhil Bhandari, Srinivas Tadepalli, and J Abinaya. Investigation on window opening behavior in naturally ventilated hostels of warm and humid climate. Energy and Buildings, 268:112184, May 2022. [9] Madhavi Indraganti, Ryozo Ooka, Hom B. Rijal, and Gail S. Brager. Drivers and barriers to occupant adaptation in offices in india. Architectural Science Review, 58(1):77–86, November 2014. [10] Shanshan Shi, Hongjian Li, Xue Ding, and Xin Gao. Effects of household features on residential window opening behaviors: A multilevel logistic regression study. Building and Environment, 170:106610, December 2019. [11] Rory V. Jones, Alba Fuertes, Elisa Gregori, and Alberto Giretti. Stochastic behavioural models of occupants’ main bedroom window operation for uk residential buildings. Building and Environment, 118:144–158, March 2017. [12] Yufan Zhang and Peter Barrett. Factors influencing the occupants’ window opening behaviour in a naturally ventilated office building. Building and Environment, 50:125–134, November 2011. [13] Rune Vinther Andersen, Bjarne W Olesen, and Jørn Toftum. Modelling window opening behaviour in danish dwellings. Proceedings of indoor air, page 51, 2011. [14] Hom B. Rijal, Michael A. Humphreys, and J. Fergus Nicol. Development of a window opening algorithm based on adaptive thermal comfort to predict occupant behavior in japanese dwellings. Japan Architectural Review, 1(3):310–321, June 2018. [15] Hengjie Zheng, Fei Li, Hao Cai, and Kai Zhang. Non-intrusive measurement method for the window opening behavior. Energy and Buildings, 197:171–176, May 2019. [16] Jing Hou, Yufeng Zhang, Yuexia Sun, Yangrui Song, Rongsai Cheng, and Shugang Luo. Occupants’ windows opening behaviour in residences during heating season in tianjin, china. Procedia Engineering, 205:2744–2748, January 2017. [17] Geun Young Yun and Koen Steemers. Time-dependent occupant behaviour models of window control in summer. Building and Environment, 43(9):1471–1482, October 2007. [18] Frédéric Haldi and Darren Robinson. Interactions with window openings by office occupants. Building and Environment, 44(12):2378–2395, April 2009. [19] Bureau of Indian Standards. National Building Code of India, SP 7: 2016. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India, 2016. Comprehensive building code covering planning, design, construction, and operation of buildings.Transactions on Energy Systems and Engineering Applications6114https://revistas.utb.edu.co/tesea/article/download/583/436Núm. 1 , Año 2025 : Transactions on Energy Systems and Engineering Applications120.500.12585/13535oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/135352025-08-16 09:15:12.74https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0Sivapriya Chelliah, Subbaiyan Gnanasambandam, Srinivas Tadepalli - 2025metadata.onlyhttps://repositorio.utb.edu.coRepositorio Digital Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívarbdigital@metabiblioteca.com

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