Concerning Dynamic Effects in Pipe Systems with Two-Phase Flows: Pressure Surges, Cavitation, and Ventilation

The risks associated with unsteady two-phase flows in pressurized pipe systems must be considered both in system design and operation. To this end, this paper summarizes experimental tests and numerical analyses that highlight key aspects of unsteady two-phase flows in water pipelines. The essential...

Full description

Autores:: Ramos, Helena M.
Fuertes Miquel, Vicente S.
Tasca, Elias
Coronado Hernández, Óscar Enrique
Besharat M.
Zhou, Ling
Karney, Bryan

Tipo de recurso:

Fecha de publicación:: 2022

Institución:: Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar

Repositorio:: Repositorio Institucional UTB

Idioma:: eng

id	UTB2_cd34de09737f2fdf07c51cc7a92f47b5
oai_identifier_str	oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/11126
network_acronym_str	UTB2
network_name_str	Repositorio Institucional UTB
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv	Concerning Dynamic Effects in Pipe Systems with Two-Phase Flows: Pressure Surges, Cavitation, and Ventilation
title	Concerning Dynamic Effects in Pipe Systems with Two-Phase Flows: Pressure Surges, Cavitation, and Ventilation
spellingShingle	Concerning Dynamic Effects in Pipe Systems with Two-Phase Flows: Pressure Surges, Cavitation, and Ventilation Pipelines Entrapped air Two-phase flow Air valves Hydraulic transients Cavitation LEMB
title_short	Concerning Dynamic Effects in Pipe Systems with Two-Phase Flows: Pressure Surges, Cavitation, and Ventilation
title_full	Concerning Dynamic Effects in Pipe Systems with Two-Phase Flows: Pressure Surges, Cavitation, and Ventilation
title_fullStr	Concerning Dynamic Effects in Pipe Systems with Two-Phase Flows: Pressure Surges, Cavitation, and Ventilation
title_full_unstemmed	Concerning Dynamic Effects in Pipe Systems with Two-Phase Flows: Pressure Surges, Cavitation, and Ventilation
title_sort	Concerning Dynamic Effects in Pipe Systems with Two-Phase Flows: Pressure Surges, Cavitation, and Ventilation
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Ramos, Helena M. Fuertes Miquel, Vicente S. Tasca, Elias Coronado Hernández, Óscar Enrique Besharat M. Zhou, Ling Karney, Bryan
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Ramos, Helena M. Fuertes Miquel, Vicente S. Tasca, Elias Coronado Hernández, Óscar Enrique Besharat M. Zhou, Ling Karney, Bryan
dc.subject.keywords.spa.fl_str_mv	Pipelines Entrapped air Two-phase flow Air valves Hydraulic transients Cavitation
topic	Pipelines Entrapped air Two-phase flow Air valves Hydraulic transients Cavitation LEMB
dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv	LEMB
description	The risks associated with unsteady two-phase flows in pressurized pipe systems must be considered both in system design and operation. To this end, this paper summarizes experimental tests and numerical analyses that highlight key aspects of unsteady two-phase flows in water pipelines. The essential dynamics of air–water interactions in unvented lines are first considered, followed by a summary of how system dynamics change when air venting is provided. System behaviour during unsteady two-phase flows is shown to be counter-intuitive, surprising, and complex. The role of air valves as protection devices is considered as is the reasonableness of the usual assumptions regarding air valve behaviour. The paper then numerically clarifies the relevance of cavitation and air valve performance to both the predicted air exchanges through any installed air valves and their role in modifying system behaviour during unsteady flows
publishDate	2022
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2022-10-05T12:24:44Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2022-10-05T12:24:44Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2022-07-31
dc.date.submitted.none.fl_str_mv	2022-09-30
dc.type.coarversion.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/version/c_b1a7d7d4d402bcce
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.hasversion.spa.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/draft
dc.type.spa.spa.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
status_str	draft
dc.identifier.citation.spa.fl_str_mv	Ramos, H.M.; FuertesMiquel, V.S.; Tasca, E.; CoronadoHernández, O.E.; Besharat, M.; Zhou, L.; Karney, B. Concerning Dynamic Effects in Pipe Systems with Two-Phase Flows: Pressure Surges, Cavitation, and Ventilation. Water 2022, 14, 2376. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14152376
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/11126
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv	https://doi.org/10.3390/w14152376
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv	Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv	Repositorio Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
identifier_str_mv	Ramos, H.M.; FuertesMiquel, V.S.; Tasca, E.; CoronadoHernández, O.E.; Besharat, M.; Zhou, L.; Karney, B. Concerning Dynamic Effects in Pipe Systems with Two-Phase Flows: Pressure Surges, Cavitation, and Ventilation. Water 2022, 14, 2376. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14152376 Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar Repositorio Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
url	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/11126 https://doi.org/10.3390/w14152376
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv	eng
language	eng
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.uri.*.fl_str_mv	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.cc.*.fl_str_mv	Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
rights_invalid_str_mv	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv	openAccess
dc.format.extent.none.fl_str_mv	23 Páginas
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv	application/pdf
dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv	Cartagena de Indias
dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv	Water Vol. 14 N° 15 (2022)
institution	Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv	https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/11126/1/water-14-02376-v3.pdf https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/11126/2/license_rdf https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/11126/3/license.txt https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/11126/4/water-14-02376-v3.pdf.txt https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/11126/5/water-14-02376-v3.pdf.jpg
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv	a1546e5237a3483d69dd4712578350dd 4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347 e20ad307a1c5f3f25af9304a7a7c86b6 f5022cc6fe50c9663a85b49e870406bd a3c383a6d709649bcd8c09fcf4c02956
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv	MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv	Repositorio Institucional UTB
repository.mail.fl_str_mv	repositorioutb@utb.edu.co
_version_	1814021588944683008
spelling	Ramos, Helena M.55b0330e-7043-4bb2-8745-c564ce43175aFuertes Miquel, Vicente S.f682be4f-81f2-4a2c-b84a-347dbfe6756fTasca, Eliasc5605aec-8ec6-4f6f-abbd-bf63e13f7b55Coronado Hernández, Óscar Enriquec3eeb30c-3946-406c-9961-fd362b8841f5Besharat M.9bc60135-8166-40cd-9250-625e81504c7dZhou, Ling9a0626b7-b50a-4b16-a2be-91c06ef61e34Karney, Bryanf0c6bce1-72d2-41fc-b664-ecdee8ceb73e2022-10-05T12:24:44Z2022-10-05T12:24:44Z2022-07-312022-09-30Ramos, H.M.; FuertesMiquel, V.S.; Tasca, E.; CoronadoHernández, O.E.; Besharat, M.; Zhou, L.; Karney, B. Concerning Dynamic Effects in Pipe Systems with Two-Phase Flows: Pressure Surges, Cavitation, and Ventilation. Water 2022, 14, 2376. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14152376https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/11126https://doi.org/10.3390/w14152376Universidad Tecnológica de BolívarRepositorio Universidad Tecnológica de BolívarThe risks associated with unsteady two-phase flows in pressurized pipe systems must be considered both in system design and operation. To this end, this paper summarizes experimental tests and numerical analyses that highlight key aspects of unsteady two-phase flows in water pipelines. The essential dynamics of air–water interactions in unvented lines are first considered, followed by a summary of how system dynamics change when air venting is provided. System behaviour during unsteady two-phase flows is shown to be counter-intuitive, surprising, and complex. The role of air valves as protection devices is considered as is the reasonableness of the usual assumptions regarding air valve behaviour. The paper then numerically clarifies the relevance of cavitation and air valve performance to both the predicted air exchanges through any installed air valves and their role in modifying system behaviour during unsteady flows23 Páginasapplication/pdfenghttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacionalhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Water Vol. 14 N° 15 (2022)Concerning Dynamic Effects in Pipe Systems with Two-Phase Flows: Pressure Surges, Cavitation, and Ventilationinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/drafthttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1http://purl.org/coar/version/c_b1a7d7d4d402bccePipelinesEntrapped airTwo-phase flowAir valvesHydraulic transientsCavitationLEMBCartagena de IndiasLauchlan, C.S.; Escarameia, M.; May, R.W.P.; Burrows, R.; Gahan, C. Air in Pipelines: A Literature Review; HR Wallingford: Oxfordshire, UK, 2005.Ramezani, L.; Karney, B.; Malekpour, A. The challenge of air valves: A selective critical literature review. J. Water Resour. Plann. Manag. 2015, 141, 04015017Ramezani, L.; Karney, B.; Malekpour, A. Encouraging effective air management in water pipelines: A critical review. J. Water Resour. Plann. Manag. 2016, 142, 04016055.Martins, S.C. Dinâmica da Pressurização de Sistemas Hidráulicos Com ar Aprisionado. Ph.D. Thesis, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, 2013.Tullis, J.P. Hydraulics of Pipelines: Pumps, Valves, Cavitation, Transients; John Wiley & Sons: New York, NY, USA, 1989.Boulos, P.; Karney, B.; Wood, D.; Lingireddy, S. Hydraulic transient guidelines for protecting water distribution systems. J. Am. Water Work. Assoc. 2005, 97, 111–124Pothof, I.; Karney, B. Guidelines for transient analysis in water transmission and distribution systems. In Water Supply System Analysis–Selected Topics; Ostfeld, A., Ed.; InTech: Rijeka, Croatia, 2012; pp. 1–21.Zhou, L.; Liu, D.; Karney, B. Investigation of hydraulic transients of two entrapped air pockets in a water pipeline. J. Hydraul. Eng. 2013, 139, 949–959Coronado-Hernández, O.E.; Fuertes-Miquel, V.S.; Besharat, M.; Ramos, H.M. Experimental and numerical analysis of a water emptying pipeline using different air valves. Water 2017, 9, 98.Tasca, E.S.A.; Karney, B.; Luvizotto, E., Jr. Performance similarity between different-sized air exchange valves. J. Hydraul. Eng. 2021, 147, 04021036American Water Works Association (AWWA). Manual of Water Supply Practices M51–Air Valves: Air-Release, Air/Vacuum and Combination, 2nd ed.; AWWA: Denver, CO, USA, 2016Zhou, L.; Wang, H.; Karney, B.; Liu, D.; Wang, P.; Guo, S. Dynamic behavior of entrapped air pocket in a water filling pipeline. J. Hydraul. Eng. 2018, 144, 04018045.Malekpour, A.; Karney, B.; Nault, J. Physical understanding of sudden pressurization of pipe systems with entrapped air: Energy auditing approach. J. Hydraul. Eng. 2016, 142, 04015044.Fuertes-Miquel, V.S.; Iglesias-Rey, P.L.; Izquierdo-Sebastián, J.; López-Patiño, G. Algunos problemas generados por ventosas mal seleccionadas a causa de una caracterización hidráulica errónea. In Proceedings of the XXII Congreso Latinoamericano de Hidráulica, Ciudad Guayana, Venezuela, 12–13 October 2006.Lingireddy, S.; Wood, D.J.; Zloczower, N. Pressure surges in pipeline systems resulting from air releases. J. Am. Water Work. Assoc. 2004, 96, 88–94.Tasca, E.S.A.; Dalfré Filho, J.G.; Luvizotto, E., Jr.; Aquino, G.A. The problem of air valves inaccurate air mass flow versus differential pressure curves. In Proceedings of the 1st International WDSA/CCWI Joint Conference, Kingston, ON, Canada, 23–25 July 2018.Iglesias-Rey, P.L.; Fuertes-Miquel, V.S.; García-Mares, F.J.; Martínez-Solano, J.J. Comparative study of intake and exhaust air flows of different commercial air valves. Procedia Eng. 2014, 89, 1412–1419Fuertes-Miquel, V.S. Hydraulic Transients with Entrapped Air Pockets. Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain, 2001Iglesias-Rey, P.L.; García-Mares, F.J.; Fuertes-Miquel, V.S.; Martínez-Solano, F.J. Air valves characterization using hydrodynamic similarity. In Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2017, Sacramento, CA, USA, 21–25 May 2017García-Todolí, S.; Iglesias-Rey, P.L.; Mora-Meliá, D.; Martínez-Solano, F.J.; Fuertes-Miquel, V.S. Computational determination of air valves capacity using CFD techniques. Water 2018, 10, 1433Escarameia, M. Investigating hydraulic removal of air from water pipelines. Water Manag. 2007, 160, 25–34.Pothof, I.; Clemens, F. Experimental study of air-water flow in downward sloping pipes. Int. J. Multiph. Flow 2011, 37, 278–292.Pothof, I.; Clemens, F. On elongated air pockets in downward sloping pipes. J. Hydraul. Res. 2010, 48, 499–503.Zheng, G.; Brill, J.P.; Taitel, Y. Slug flow behavior in a hilly terrain pipeline. Int. J. Multiph. Flow 1994, 20, 63–79Edmunds, R.C. Air binding in pipes. J. Am. Water Work. Assoc. 1979, 71, 272–277Pozos, O.; Gonzalez, C.A.; Giesecke, J.; Marx, W.; Rodal, E.A. Air entrapped in gravity pipeline systems. J. Hydraul. Res. 2010, 48, 338–347Besharat, M.; Coronado-Hernández, O.E.; Fuertes-Miquel, V.S.; Viseu, M.T.; Ramos, H.M. Computational fluid dynamics for sub-atmospheric pressure analysis in pipe drainage. J. Hydraul. Res. 2020, 58, 553–565Zhou, L.; Liu, D.; Karney, B.; Zhang, Q. Influence of entrapped air pockets on hydraulic transients in water pipelines. J. Hydraul. Eng. 2011, 137, 1686–1692Zhou, L.; Liu, D.; Karney, B.; Wang, P. Phenomenon of white mist in pipelines rapidly filling with water with entrapped air pockets. J. Hydraul. Eng. 2013, 139, 1041–1051Martin, C.S.; Lee, N.H. Rapid expulsion of entrapped air through an orifice. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Pressure Surges, The Hague, Netherlands, 12–14 April 2000.Zhou, F.; Hicks, F.E.; Steffler, P.M. Transient flow in a rapidly filling horizontal pipe containing trapped air. J. Hydraul. Eng. 2002, 128, 625–634.Zhou, F.; Hicks, F.E.; Steffler, P.M. Observations of air-water interaction in a rapidly filling horizontal pipe. J. Hydraul. Eng. 2002, 128, 635–639Zhou, F.; Hicks, F.E.; Steffler, P.M. Analysis of effects of air pocket on hydraulic failure of urban drainage infrastructure. Can. J. Civ. Eng. 2004, 31, 86–94De Martino, G.; Fontana, N.; Giugni, M. Transient flow caused by air expulsion through an orifice. J. Hydraul. Eng. 2008, 134, 1395–1399. [Zhou, L.; Pan, T.; Wang, H.; Liu, D.; Wang, P. Rapid air expulsion through an orifice in a vertical water pipe. J. Hydraul. Res. 2019, 57, 307–317.Zhou, L.; Cao, Y.; Karney, B.; Bergant, A.; Tijsseling, A.; Liu, D.; Wang, P. Expulsion of entrapped air in a rapidly filling horizontal pipe. J. Hydraul. Eng. 2020, 146, 04020047Coronado-Hernández, O.E.; Fuertes-Miquel, V.S.; Angulo-Hernández, F.N. Emptying operation of water supply networks. Water 2018, 10, 22Besharat, M.; Coronado-Hernández, O.E.; Fuertes-Miquel, V.S.; Viseu, M.T.; Ramos, H.M. Backflow air and pressure analysis in emptying a pipeline containing an entrapped air pocket. Urban Water J. 2018, 15, 769–779Fuertes-Miquel, V.S.; López-Jiménez, P.A.; Martínez-Solano, F.J.; López-Patiño, G. Numerical modelling of pipeline with air pockets and air valves. Can. J. Civ. Eng. 2016, 43, 1052–1061Wylie, E.B.; Streeter, V.L. Fluid Transients; FEB Press: Ann Arbor, MI, USA, 1983.White, F.M. Fluid Mechanics; McGraw-Hill: New York, NY, USA, 2011.American Water Works Association (AWWA). Manual of Water Supply Practices M51–Air-Release, Air/Vacuum, and Combination Air Valves, 1st ed.; AWWA: Denver, CO, USA, 2001Tasca, E.S.A.; Karney, B.; Besharat, M.; Ramos, H.M.; Zhou, L. Insights and challenges associated with air in pressurized water conveyance systems. In Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2022, Atlanta, GA, USA, 5–8 June 2022.ANSI/AWWA. C512-92–Air-Release, Air/Vacuum, and Combination Air Valves for Waterworks Service; AWWA: Denver, CO, USA, 1992.ANSI/AWWA. C512-99–Air-Release, Air/Vacuum, and Combination Air Valves for Waterworks Service; AWWA: Denver, CO, USA, 1999ANSI/AWWA. C512-04–Air-Release, Air/Vacuum, and Combination Air Valves for Waterworks Service; AWWA: Denver, CO, USA, 2004.ANSI/AWWA. C512-07–Air-Release, Air/Vacuum, and Combination Air Valves for Waterworks Service; AWWA: Denver, CO, USA, 2008.ANSI/AWWA. C512-15–Air-Release, Air/Vacuum, and Combination Air Valves for Water and Wastewater Service; AWWA: Denver, CO, USA, 2015.McPherson, D.L. Air valve sizing and location: A prospective. In Proceedings of the Pipelines 2009: Infrastructure’s hidden assets, San Diego, CA, USA, 15–19 August 2009.Besner, M.C.; Ebacher, G.; Jung, B.S.; Karney, B.; Lavoie, J.; Payment, P.; Prévost, M. Negative pressures in full-scale distribution system: Field investigation, modelling, estimation of intrusion volumes and risk for public health. Drink. Water Eng. Sci. 2010, 3, 101–106McPherson, D.L.; Haeckler, C. Untangling the mysteries of air valves. In Proceedings of the Pipelines 2012: Innovations in Design, Constructing, Operations, and Maintenance, Doing More with Less, Miami Beach, FL, USA, 19–22 August 2012Beieler, R. What every conveyance designer should know about air valves and air valve assemblies. In Proceedings of the Pipelines 2016: Out of Sight, Out of Mind, Not Out of Risk, Kansas City, MO, USA, 17–20 July 2016.Ramezani, L.; Daviau, J. The challenge of air valve selection in pumping systems. In Proceedings of the Pipelines 2021, Online, 3–6 August 2021.Ramezani, L.; Karney, B. Water column separation and cavity collapse for pipelines protected with air vacuum valves: Understanding the essential wave processes. J. Hydraul. Eng. 2017, 143, 04016083.Coronado-Hernández, O.E.; Fuertes-Miquel, V.S.; Besharat, M.; Ramos, H.M. A parametric sensitivity analysis of numerically modelled piston-type filling and emptying of an inclined pipeline with an air valve. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Pressure Surges, Bordeaux, France, 14–16 November 2018Fuertes-Miquel, V.S.; Coronado-Hernández, O.E.; Mora-Meliá, D.; Iglesias-Rey, P.L. Hydraulic modeling during filling and emptying processes in pressurized pipelines: A literature review. Urban Water J. 2019, 16, 299–311. [Aguirre-Mendoza, A.M.; Paternina-Verona, D.A.; Oyuela, S.; Coronado-Hernández, O.E.; Besharat, M.; Fuertes-Miquel, V.S.; Iglesias-Rey, P.L.; Ramos, H.M. Effects of orifice sizes for uncontrolled filling processes in water pipelines. Water 2022, 14, 888.Ramezani, L. An Exploration of Transient Protection of Pressurized Pipelines Using Air Valves. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2015Borga, A.; Ramos, H.M.; Covas, D.; Dudlik, A.; Neuhaus, T. Dynamic effects of transient flows with cavitation in pipe systems. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Pressure Surges, Chester, UK, 24–26 March 2004.Ramos, H.M.; Borga, A.; Bergant, A.; Covas, D.; Almeida, A.B. Analysis of surge effects in pipe systems by air release/venting. Port. J. Water Resour. 2005, 26, 45–55.Ramos, H.M.; Covas, D.; Borga, A.; Loureiro, D. Surge damping analysis in pipe systems: Modelling and experiments. J. Hydraul. Res. 2004, 42, 413–425.Ramos, H.M.; Borga, A. Surge effects in pressure systems for different pipe materials. In Advances in Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering; Springer: Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany, 2009; pp. 2152–2156.http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1ORIGINALwater-14-02376-v3.pdfwater-14-02376-v3.pdfapplication/pdf2405676https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/11126/1/water-14-02376-v3.pdfa1546e5237a3483d69dd4712578350ddMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8805https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/11126/2/license_rdf4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347MD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-83182https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/11126/3/license.txte20ad307a1c5f3f25af9304a7a7c86b6MD53TEXTwater-14-02376-v3.pdf.txtwater-14-02376-v3.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain77206https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/11126/4/water-14-02376-v3.pdf.txtf5022cc6fe50c9663a85b49e870406bdMD54THUMBNAILwater-14-02376-v3.pdf.jpgwater-14-02376-v3.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg7911https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/11126/5/water-14-02376-v3.pdf.jpga3c383a6d709649bcd8c09fcf4c02956MD5520.500.12585/11126oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/111262023-05-26 09:42:07.904Repositorio Institucional UTBrepositorioutb@utb.edu.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

Concerning Dynamic Effects in Pipe Systems with Two-Phase Flows: Pressure Surges, Cavitation, and Ventilation

Publicaciones similares