On the Existence of the Power Flow Solution in DC Grids With CPLs Through a Graph-Based Method
This brief explores the formulation of the power flow problem in DC grids with a classical incidence matrix through a graph-based formulation. This corresponds to a compact representation of the conventional backward/forward sweep methods, which is applicable to radial and mesh networks with a uniqu...
- Autores:
-
Montoya, Oscar Danilo
- Tipo de recurso:
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2020
- Institución:
- Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Institucional UTB
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/9511
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/9511
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8815893&isnumber=9152175
- Palabra clave:
- Constant power loads
Direct current
Fixed-point theorem
graph-based method
Numerical methods
Power flow analysis
- Rights
- closedAccess
- License
- http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb
id |
UTB2_b400007457741554bc6e68033de9ae90 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/9511 |
network_acronym_str |
UTB2 |
network_name_str |
Repositorio Institucional UTB |
repository_id_str |
|
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
On the Existence of the Power Flow Solution in DC Grids With CPLs Through a Graph-Based Method |
title |
On the Existence of the Power Flow Solution in DC Grids With CPLs Through a Graph-Based Method |
spellingShingle |
On the Existence of the Power Flow Solution in DC Grids With CPLs Through a Graph-Based Method Constant power loads Direct current Fixed-point theorem graph-based method Numerical methods Power flow analysis |
title_short |
On the Existence of the Power Flow Solution in DC Grids With CPLs Through a Graph-Based Method |
title_full |
On the Existence of the Power Flow Solution in DC Grids With CPLs Through a Graph-Based Method |
title_fullStr |
On the Existence of the Power Flow Solution in DC Grids With CPLs Through a Graph-Based Method |
title_full_unstemmed |
On the Existence of the Power Flow Solution in DC Grids With CPLs Through a Graph-Based Method |
title_sort |
On the Existence of the Power Flow Solution in DC Grids With CPLs Through a Graph-Based Method |
dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Montoya, Oscar Danilo |
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Montoya, Oscar Danilo |
dc.subject.keywords.spa.fl_str_mv |
Constant power loads Direct current Fixed-point theorem graph-based method Numerical methods Power flow analysis |
topic |
Constant power loads Direct current Fixed-point theorem graph-based method Numerical methods Power flow analysis |
description |
This brief explores the formulation of the power flow problem in DC grids with a classical incidence matrix through a graph-based formulation. This corresponds to a compact representation of the conventional backward/forward sweep methods, which is applicable to radial and mesh networks with a unique voltage controlled source. To guarantee the existence and uniqueness of the power flow solution in the DC network under well-defined operative conditions, the Banach fixed-point theorem is employed. Simulation results confirm that the solution of the proposed method is numerically comparable with classical approaches, such as Gauss-Seidel, Newton-Raphson, successive approximations and Taylor-based methods. All the simulations are conducted in MATLAB software. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-10-30T15:53:58Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-10-30T15:53:58Z |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-08-27 |
dc.date.submitted.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-10-29 |
dc.type.coarversion.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.hasVersion.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.spa.spa.fl_str_mv |
Artículo |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.spa.fl_str_mv |
O. D. Montoya, "On the Existence of the Power Flow Solution in DC Grids With CPLs Through a Graph-Based Method," in IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, vol. 67, no. 8. |
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv |
1549-7747 |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/9511 |
dc.identifier.url.none.fl_str_mv |
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8815893&isnumber=9152175 |
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv |
10.1109/TCSII.2019.2937564 |
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar |
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv |
Repositorio Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar |
identifier_str_mv |
O. D. Montoya, "On the Existence of the Power Flow Solution in DC Grids With CPLs Through a Graph-Based Method," in IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, vol. 67, no. 8. 1549-7747 10.1109/TCSII.2019.2937564 Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar Repositorio Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/9511 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8815893&isnumber=9152175 |
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb |
dc.rights.accessRights.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
closedAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb |
dc.format.extent.none.fl_str_mv |
5 páginas |
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv |
Cartagena de Indias |
dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv |
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs ( Volume: 67 , Issue: 8 , Aug. 2020 ) |
institution |
Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar |
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/9511/1/48.pdf https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/9511/2/license.txt https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/9511/3/48.pdf.txt https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/9511/4/48.pdf.jpg |
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
d8c6617ab86f4a623665c86d330a5d95 e20ad307a1c5f3f25af9304a7a7c86b6 ce17bbb4d4f1cbe9a2413e4ea88bb0b2 e335c32a895a8f640b23feb9fc195108 |
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositorio Institucional UTB |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
repositorioutb@utb.edu.co |
_version_ |
1814021800106917888 |
spelling |
Montoya, Oscar Danilo8a59ede1-6a4a-4d2e-abdc-d0afb14d44802020-10-30T15:53:58Z2020-10-30T15:53:58Z2020-08-272020-10-29O. D. Montoya, "On the Existence of the Power Flow Solution in DC Grids With CPLs Through a Graph-Based Method," in IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, vol. 67, no. 8.1549-7747https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/9511http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8815893&isnumber=915217510.1109/TCSII.2019.2937564Universidad Tecnológica de BolívarRepositorio Universidad Tecnológica de BolívarThis brief explores the formulation of the power flow problem in DC grids with a classical incidence matrix through a graph-based formulation. This corresponds to a compact representation of the conventional backward/forward sweep methods, which is applicable to radial and mesh networks with a unique voltage controlled source. To guarantee the existence and uniqueness of the power flow solution in the DC network under well-defined operative conditions, the Banach fixed-point theorem is employed. Simulation results confirm that the solution of the proposed method is numerically comparable with classical approaches, such as Gauss-Seidel, Newton-Raphson, successive approximations and Taylor-based methods. All the simulations are conducted in MATLAB software.5 páginasapplication/pdfengIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs ( Volume: 67 , Issue: 8 , Aug. 2020 )On the Existence of the Power Flow Solution in DC Grids With CPLs Through a Graph-Based Methodinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionArtículohttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Constant power loadsDirect currentFixed-point theoremgraph-based methodNumerical methodsPower flow analysisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cbCartagena de IndiasInvestigadoresS. Parhizi, H. Lotfi, A. Khodaei and S. Bahramirad, "State of the art in research on microgrids: A review", IEEE Access, vol. 3, pp. 890-925, 2015.O. D. Montoya, W. Gil-González and A. Garces, "Sequential quadratic programming models for solving the OPF problem in DC grids", Elect. Power Syst. Res., vol. 169, pp. 18-23, Apr. 2019.H. Lotfi and A. Khodaei, "AC versus DC microgrid planning", IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 296-304, Jan. 2017.C. Gavriluta, I. Candela, C. Citro, A. Luna and P. Rodriguez, "Design considerations for primary control in multi-terminal VSC-HVDC grids", Elect. Power Syst. Res., vol. 122, pp. 33-41, May 2015.A. Garces, D. Montoya and R. Torres, "Optimal power flow in multiterminal HVDC systems considering DC/DC converters", Proc. IEEE 25th Int. Symp. Ind. Electron. (ISIE), pp. 1212-1217, Jun. 2016.S. Sanchez, A. Garcés, G. Bergna-Diaz and E. Tedeschi, "Dynamics and stability of meshed multiterminal HVDC networks", IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 1824-1833, May 2019.O. D. Montoya, L. F. Grisales-Noreña and W. Gil-González, "Triangular matrix formulation for power flow analysis in radial DC resistive grids with CPLs", IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Exp. Briefs.J. W. Simpson-Porco, F. Dörfler and F. Bullo, "On resistive networks of constant-power devices", IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Exp. Briefs, vol. 62, no. 8, pp. 811-815, Aug. 2015.O. D. Montoya, L. F. Grisales-Noreña, D. González-Montoya, C. A. Ramos-Paja and A. Garces, "Linear power flow formulation for low-voltage DC power grids", Elect. Power Syst. Res., vol. 163, pp. 375-381, Oct. 2018.A. Garcés, "On the convergence of Newton’s method in power flow studies for DC microgrids", IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 5770-5777, Sep. 2018.H. L. Nguyen, "Newton–Raphson method in complex form [power system load flow analysis]", IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 1355-1359, Aug. 1997.Z. Li, J. Yu and Q. H. Wu, "Approximate linear power flow using logarithmic transform of voltage magnitudes with reactive power and transmission loss consideration", IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 4593-4603, Jul. 2018.A. Garces, "Uniqueness of the power flow solutions in low voltage direct current grids", Elect. Power Syst. Res., vol. 151, pp. 149-153, Oct. 2017.O. D. Montoya, V. M. Garrido, W. Gil-González and L. Grisales-Noreña, "Power flow analysis in DC grids: Two alternative numerical methods", IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Exp. Briefs.W. Gil-González, O. D. Montoya, E. Holguín, A. Garces and L. F. Grisales-Noreña, "Economic dispatch of energy storage systems in DC microgrids employing a semidefinite programming model", J. Energy Stor., vol. 21, pp. 1-8, Feb. 2019.J. Li, F. Liu, Z. Wang, S. H. Low and S. Mei, "Optimal power flow in stand-alone DC microgrids", IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 5496-5506, Sep. 2018.A. Garces, "A linear three-phase load flow for power distribution systems", IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 827-828, Jan. 2016.T. Shen, Y. Li and J. Xiang, "A graph-based power flow method for balanced distribution systems", Energies, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 1-11, Feb. 2018.A. Marini, S. S. Mortazavi, L. Piegari and M.-S. Ghazizadeh, "An efficient graph-based power flow algorithm for electrical distribution systems with a comprehensive modeling of distributed generations", Elect. Power Syst. Res., vol. 170, pp. 229-243, May 2019.O. D. Montoya, "Numerical approximation of the maximum power consumption in DC-MGs with CPLs via an SDP model", IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Exp. Briefs, vol. 66, no. 4, pp. 642-646, Apr. 2019.O. D. Montoya, W. Gil-González and V. M. Garrido, "Voltage stability margin in DC grids with CPLs: A recursive Newton–Raphson approximation", IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Exp. Briefs.N. Barabanov, R. Ortega, R. Griñó and B. Polyak, "On existence and stability of equilibria of linear time-invariant systems with constant power loads", IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I Reg. Papers, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 114-121, Jan. 2016.J. J. Grainger and W. D. Stevenson, Power System Analysis, New York, NY, USA:McGraw-Hill, 1994, [online] Available: https://www.mheducation.com/highered/product/power-system-analysis-grainger-stevenson-jr/9780070612938.html.O. D. Montoya, "On linear analysis of the power flow equations for DC and AC grids with CPLs", IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Exp. Briefs.http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1ORIGINAL48.pdf48.pdfapplication/pdf69474https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/9511/1/48.pdfd8c6617ab86f4a623665c86d330a5d95MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-83182https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/9511/2/license.txte20ad307a1c5f3f25af9304a7a7c86b6MD52TEXT48.pdf.txt48.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain4https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/9511/3/48.pdf.txtce17bbb4d4f1cbe9a2413e4ea88bb0b2MD53THUMBNAIL48.pdf.jpg48.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg37747https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/9511/4/48.pdf.jpge335c32a895a8f640b23feb9fc195108MD5420.500.12585/9511oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/95112020-11-02 00:52:44.271Repositorio Institucional UTBrepositorioutb@utb.edu.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 |