Techno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme
The massive penetration of active customers throughout Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) may cause adverse effects on the power grid, including rebound peaks, instabilities, and power congestion. The concept of coordination has arisen in literature to mitigate these effects and relieve power gri...
- Autores:
-
Domínguez, J.A
Parrado-Duque, A.
Montoya, O.D
Henao, N.
Campillo, J.
Agbossou, K
- Tipo de recurso:
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2023
- Institución:
- Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Institucional UTB
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/12153
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/12153
- Palabra clave:
- Blockchain
Demand Response
Distributed Energy Management
Electric Thermal Storage
Power Flow
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
| id |
UTB2_a61bb0c2d9afcbd661e4f8d73e5dc6ab |
|---|---|
| oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/12153 |
| network_acronym_str |
UTB2 |
| network_name_str |
Repositorio Institucional UTB |
| repository_id_str |
|
| dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Techno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme |
| title |
Techno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme |
| spellingShingle |
Techno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme Blockchain Demand Response Distributed Energy Management Electric Thermal Storage Power Flow |
| title_short |
Techno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme |
| title_full |
Techno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme |
| title_fullStr |
Techno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Techno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme |
| title_sort |
Techno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Domínguez, J.A Parrado-Duque, A. Montoya, O.D Henao, N. Campillo, J. Agbossou, K |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Domínguez, J.A Parrado-Duque, A. Montoya, O.D Henao, N. Campillo, J. Agbossou, K |
| dc.subject.keywords.spa.fl_str_mv |
Blockchain Demand Response Distributed Energy Management Electric Thermal Storage Power Flow |
| topic |
Blockchain Demand Response Distributed Energy Management Electric Thermal Storage Power Flow |
| description |
The massive penetration of active customers throughout Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) may cause adverse effects on the power grid, including rebound peaks, instabilities, and power congestion. The concept of coordination has arisen in literature to mitigate these effects and relieve power grid stress. Their advantages have been discussed for different market types as well as at different grid scales. However, it is imperative to develop proofs-of-concept and test not only the economic feasibility of such programs but also the technical one. This paper presents a cosimulation-based framework that facilitates economic and technical studies for coordination programs. A case study is presented, with eighteen residential users and a local coordinator within a Stackelberg game. At the customer level, flexibility is achieved through electric thermal storage (ETS). The program exploits salient features of blockchain algorithms to increase security at the demand aggregation level. The technical feasibility was evaluated through the Peak-to-average (PAR) ratio, active power losses, and the voltage profile using power flow methods over the IEEE 33-node feeder. This study’s findings demonstrate the coordination programs’ ability to bring economic benefits and reduce the PAR. Furthermore, they suggest that although coordination programs can assist in flattening the power profile, they could create adverse effects on the power grid in critical scenarios. |
| publishDate |
2023 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-07-18T19:36:31Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-07-18T19:36:31Z |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-02 |
| dc.date.submitted.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-07 |
| dc.type.coarversion.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_b1a7d7d4d402bcce |
| dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
| dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| dc.type.hasversion.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/draft |
| dc.type.spa.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
| status_str |
draft |
| dc.identifier.citation.spa.fl_str_mv |
J. A. Domínguez, A. Parrado-Duque, O. D. Montoya, N. Henao, J. Campillo and K. Agbossou, "Techno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme," 2023 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC), College Station, TX, USA, 2023, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109/TPEC56611.2023.10078675. |
| dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/12153 |
| dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv |
10.1109/TPEC56611.2023.10078675 |
| dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar |
| dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv |
Repositorio Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar |
| identifier_str_mv |
J. A. Domínguez, A. Parrado-Duque, O. D. Montoya, N. Henao, J. Campillo and K. Agbossou, "Techno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme," 2023 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC), College Station, TX, USA, 2023, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109/TPEC56611.2023.10078675. 10.1109/TPEC56611.2023.10078675 Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar Repositorio Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar |
| url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/12153 |
| dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
eng |
| language |
eng |
| dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| dc.rights.uri.*.fl_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
| dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.rights.cc.*.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional |
| rights_invalid_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
| dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
| dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv |
Cartagena de Indias |
| dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv |
2023 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference, TPEC 2023 |
| institution |
Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar |
| bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12153/1/Techno-economic%20Feasibility%20of%20A%20Trust%20and%20Grid-aware%20Coordination%20Scheme.pdf https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12153/2/license_rdf https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12153/3/license.txt https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12153/4/Techno-economic%20Feasibility%20of%20A%20Trust%20and%20Grid-aware%20Coordination%20Scheme.pdf.txt https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12153/5/Techno-economic%20Feasibility%20of%20A%20Trust%20and%20Grid-aware%20Coordination%20Scheme.pdf.jpg |
| bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
34e62604ce1a2bb6059f275402e60884 4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347 e20ad307a1c5f3f25af9304a7a7c86b6 273053ca92ced06a8fccb41e2f62dd8d b904c562ad82261f770e19fcc8fb3a38 |
| bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositorio Institucional UTB |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
repositorioutb@utb.edu.co |
| _version_ |
1814021726400413696 |
| spelling |
Domínguez, J.Ab4bb445b-6b21-4277-8d1d-a0009bd437e0Parrado-Duque, A.d424427d-c0e6-4e3a-a104-7a9c4fb338feMontoya, O.Dc350cd1a-09d0-4e77-8444-83ccfd0773e1Henao, N.273f0cef-d7d4-4cba-aa2e-006e03833f36Campillo, J.8c4725e9-5e97-40df-b9ae-f67c73617ff3Agbossou, K9a60530a-3b36-4aac-914d-22214bd4004a2023-07-18T19:36:31Z2023-07-18T19:36:31Z2023-022023-07J. A. Domínguez, A. Parrado-Duque, O. D. Montoya, N. Henao, J. Campillo and K. Agbossou, "Techno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme," 2023 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC), College Station, TX, USA, 2023, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109/TPEC56611.2023.10078675.https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/1215310.1109/TPEC56611.2023.10078675Universidad Tecnológica de BolívarRepositorio Universidad Tecnológica de BolívarThe massive penetration of active customers throughout Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) may cause adverse effects on the power grid, including rebound peaks, instabilities, and power congestion. The concept of coordination has arisen in literature to mitigate these effects and relieve power grid stress. Their advantages have been discussed for different market types as well as at different grid scales. However, it is imperative to develop proofs-of-concept and test not only the economic feasibility of such programs but also the technical one. This paper presents a cosimulation-based framework that facilitates economic and technical studies for coordination programs. A case study is presented, with eighteen residential users and a local coordinator within a Stackelberg game. At the customer level, flexibility is achieved through electric thermal storage (ETS). The program exploits salient features of blockchain algorithms to increase security at the demand aggregation level. The technical feasibility was evaluated through the Peak-to-average (PAR) ratio, active power losses, and the voltage profile using power flow methods over the IEEE 33-node feeder. This study’s findings demonstrate the coordination programs’ ability to bring economic benefits and reduce the PAR. Furthermore, they suggest that although coordination programs can assist in flattening the power profile, they could create adverse effects on the power grid in critical scenarios.application/pdfenghttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacionalhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf22023 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference, TPEC 2023Techno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Schemeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/drafthttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/version/c_b1a7d7d4d402bccehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1BlockchainDemand ResponseDistributed Energy ManagementElectric Thermal StoragePower FlowCartagena de IndiasCaballero-Peña, J., Cadena-Zarate, C., Parrado-Duque, A., Osma-Pinto, G. Distributed energy resources on distribution networks: A systematic review of modelling, simulation, metrics, and impacts (2022) International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 138, art. no. 107900. Cited 16 times. https://www.journals.elsevier.com/international-journal-of-electrical-power-and-energy-systems doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2021.107900Dominguez, J.A., Dante, A.W., Agbossou, K., Henao, N., Campillo, J., Cardenas, A., Kelouwani, S. Optimal Charging Scheduling of Electric Vehicles based on Principal Component Analysis and Convex Optimization (2020) IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 2020-June, art. no. 9152292, pp. 935-940. Cited 4 times. ISBN: 978-172815635-4 doi: 10.1109/ISIE45063.2020.9152292Etedadi Aliabadi, F., Agbossou, K., Kelouwani, S., Henao, N., Hosseini, S.S. Coordination of smart home energy management systems in neighborhood areas: A systematic review (2021) IEEE Access, 9, art. no. 9363112, pp. 36417-36443. Cited 30 times. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=6287639 doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3061995Lazaroiu, C., Roscia, M., Saatmandi, S. Blockchain strategies and policies for sustainable electric mobility into Smart City (2020) 2020 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion, SPEEDAM 2020, art. no. 9161832, pp. 363-368. Cited 7 times. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/mostRecentIssue.jsp?punumber=9154348 ISBN: 978-172817019-0 doi: 10.1109/SPEEDAM48782.2020.9161832Moghbel, M., Masoum, M.A.S., Fereidouni, A. Decentralize Coordinated Charging of Plug-In Electric Vehicles in Unbalanced Residential Networks to Control Distribution Transformer Loading, Voltage Profile and Current Unbalance (2015) Intelligent Industrial Systems, 1 (2), pp. 141-151. Cited 12 times. Aug https://doi.org/10.1007/s40903-015-0008-7Montoya, O.D., Gil-González, W. On the numerical analysis based on successive approximations for power flow problems in AC distribution systems (2020) Electric Power Systems Research, 187, art. no. 106454. Cited 39 times. https://www.journals.elsevier.com/electric-power-systems-research doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106454Fraija, A., Agbossou, K., Henao, N., Kelouwani, S. Peak-to-Average Ratio Analysis of A Load Aggregator for Incentive-based Demand Response (2020) IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 2020-June, art. no. 9152474, pp. 953-958. Cited 10 times. ISBN: 978-172815635-4 doi: 10.1109/ISIE45063.2020.9152474Bokkisam, H.R., Singh, S., Acharya, R.M., Selvan, M.P. Blockchain-based peer-to-peer transactive energy system for community microgrid with demand response management (Open Access) (2022) CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems, 8 (1), pp. 198-211. Cited 28 times. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=7054730 doi: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2020.06660Bragagnolo, S.N., Vaschetti, J.C., Magnago, F. A technical and economic criteria comparison on demand side management with multi-level optimization model (2021) IEEE Latin America Transactions, 19 (9), art. no. 9468442, pp. 1494-1501. Cited 4 times. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=9907 doi: 10.1109/TLA.2021.9468442Nizami, S., Tushar, W., Hossain, M.J., Yuen, C., Saha, T., Poor, H.V. Transactive energy for low voltage residential networks: A review (2022) Applied Energy, 323, art. no. 119556. Cited 7 times. https://www.journals.elsevier.com/applied-energy doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119556Dominguez, J.A., Rueda, L., Henao, N., Agbossou, K., Campillo, J. Distributed Co-simulation for Smart Homes Energy Management in the Presence of Electrical Thermal Storage (2022) IECON Proceedings (Industrial Electronics Conference), 2022-October. Cited 2 times. ISBN: 978-166548025-3 doi: 10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9969092Ariza, H., Martinez-Santos, J.C., Payares, E.D., Medina, M.F., Dominguez-Jimenez, J.A., Campillo, J. A blockchain solution for operational parameters monitoring platform for DC microgrids (Open Access) (2020) 2020 IEEE ANDESCON, ANDESCON 2020, art. no. 9272035. Cited 4 times. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/mostRecentIssue.jsp?punumber=9271969 ISBN: 978-172819365-6 doi: 10.1109/ANDESCON50619.2020.9272035Campillo, J., Dominguez-Jimenez, J.A., Ariza, H., Payares, E.D., Martinez-Santos, J.C. Distributed Energy Resources Parameter Monitoring in Microgrids Using Blockchain and Edge Computing (2020) 2020 IEEE PES Transactive Energy Systems Conference, TESC 2020 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/mostRecentIssue.jsp?punumber=9656870 ISBN: 978-166542935-1 doi: 10.1109/TESC50295.2020.9656872Parikh, N., Boyd, S. Proximal Algorithms (2014) Foundations and TrendsR in Optimization, 1 (3), pp. 127-239. Cited 2674 times. http://www.nowpublishers.com/articles/foundationsand-trends-in-optimization/OPT-003Nguyen, T.L., Tran, Q.-T., Caire, R., Gavriluta, C., Nguyen, V.H. Agent based distributed control of islanded microgrid-Real-time cyber-physical implementation (Open Access) (2017) 2017 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe, ISGT-Europe 2017 - Proceedings, 2018-January, pp. 1-6. Cited 19 times. ISBN: 978-153861953-7 doi: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2017.8260275(2018) IEEE Standard for Interconnection and Interoperability of Distributed Energy Resources with Associated Electric Power Systems Interfaces. Cited 1334 times. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers-IEEE. New York: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc Februaryhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1ORIGINALTechno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme.pdfTechno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme.pdfapplication/pdf131943https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12153/1/Techno-economic%20Feasibility%20of%20A%20Trust%20and%20Grid-aware%20Coordination%20Scheme.pdf34e62604ce1a2bb6059f275402e60884MD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8805https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12153/2/license_rdf4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347MD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-83182https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12153/3/license.txte20ad307a1c5f3f25af9304a7a7c86b6MD53TEXTTechno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme.pdf.txtTechno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain6506https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12153/4/Techno-economic%20Feasibility%20of%20A%20Trust%20and%20Grid-aware%20Coordination%20Scheme.pdf.txt273053ca92ced06a8fccb41e2f62dd8dMD54THUMBNAILTechno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme.pdf.jpgTechno-economic Feasibility of A Trust and Grid-aware Coordination Scheme.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg8560https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12153/5/Techno-economic%20Feasibility%20of%20A%20Trust%20and%20Grid-aware%20Coordination%20Scheme.pdf.jpgb904c562ad82261f770e19fcc8fb3a38MD5520.500.12585/12153oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/121532023-07-19 00:19:11.623Repositorio Institucional UTBrepositorioutb@utb.edu.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 |