Emotion detection through biomedical signals: A pilot study

Emotions are affective states accompanied by physiological reactions that affect cognition processes such as decision making, perception, and learning. Emotion detection can be helpful in fields like education, sports and accident prevention. In this pilot study, we used biosensors to measure heart...

Full description

Autores:
Domínguez-Jiménez, J. A.
Campo-Landines, K. C.
Martínez-Santos, J. C.
Contreras-Ortiz, S. H.
Tipo de recurso:
Fecha de publicación:
2018
Institución:
Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
Repositorio:
Repositorio Institucional UTB
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/12190
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/12190
Palabra clave:
Emotion;
Emotion Recognition;
Affective Computing
LEMB
Rights
openAccess
License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
id UTB2_a426c77bb4d5de1f5d882ba64fe51061
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/12190
network_acronym_str UTB2
network_name_str Repositorio Institucional UTB
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Emotion detection through biomedical signals: A pilot study
title Emotion detection through biomedical signals: A pilot study
spellingShingle Emotion detection through biomedical signals: A pilot study
Emotion;
Emotion Recognition;
Affective Computing
LEMB
title_short Emotion detection through biomedical signals: A pilot study
title_full Emotion detection through biomedical signals: A pilot study
title_fullStr Emotion detection through biomedical signals: A pilot study
title_full_unstemmed Emotion detection through biomedical signals: A pilot study
title_sort Emotion detection through biomedical signals: A pilot study
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Domínguez-Jiménez, J. A.
Campo-Landines, K. C.
Martínez-Santos, J. C.
Contreras-Ortiz, S. H.
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Domínguez-Jiménez, J. A.
Campo-Landines, K. C.
Martínez-Santos, J. C.
Contreras-Ortiz, S. H.
dc.subject.keywords.spa.fl_str_mv Emotion;
Emotion Recognition;
Affective Computing
topic Emotion;
Emotion Recognition;
Affective Computing
LEMB
dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv LEMB
description Emotions are affective states accompanied by physiological reactions that affect cognition processes such as decision making, perception, and learning. Emotion detection can be helpful in fields like education, sports and accident prevention. In this pilot study, we used biosensors to measure heart rate and galvanic skin response of twenty-eight volunteers (fourteen male, fourteen female). They were asked to watch video clips to elicit two target emotions: Amusement and anger. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between mean values of biosignals and emotional states (including amusement, anger and neutral state). From the analysis of variance, Fisher least significant difference and Multiple Range test, it was observed that emotions elicited with video clips influence mean values and other features of physiological signals with a confidence level of 90%. © SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2018
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2023-07-19T21:18:04Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2023-07-19T21:18:04Z
dc.date.submitted.none.fl_str_mv 2023
dc.type.coarversion.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/version/c_b1a7d7d4d402bcce
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.hasversion.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/draft
dc.type.spa.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
status_str draft
dc.identifier.citation.spa.fl_str_mv Domínguez-Jiménez, J. A., Campo-Landines, K. C., Martínez-Santos, J. C., & Contreras-Ortiz, S. H. (2018, December). Emotion detection through biomedical signals: a pilot study. In 14th International Symposium on medical information processing and analysis (Vol. 10975, pp. 40-49). SPIE.
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/12190
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv 10.1117/12.2511598
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv Repositorio Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
identifier_str_mv Domínguez-Jiménez, J. A., Campo-Landines, K. C., Martínez-Santos, J. C., & Contreras-Ortiz, S. H. (2018, December). Emotion detection through biomedical signals: a pilot study. In 14th International Symposium on medical information processing and analysis (Vol. 10975, pp. 40-49). SPIE.
10.1117/12.2511598
Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
Repositorio Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/12190
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.uri.*.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.cc.*.fl_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.extent.none.fl_str_mv 49 páginas
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv Cartagena de Indias
dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
institution Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12190/1/Scopus%20-%20Document%20details%20-%20Emotion%20detection%20through%20biomedical%20signals_%20A%20pilot%20study.pdf
https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12190/2/license_rdf
https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12190/3/license.txt
https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12190/4/Scopus%20-%20Document%20details%20-%20Emotion%20detection%20through%20biomedical%20signals_%20A%20pilot%20study.pdf.txt
https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12190/5/Scopus%20-%20Document%20details%20-%20Emotion%20detection%20through%20biomedical%20signals_%20A%20pilot%20study.pdf.jpg
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 04837b7dbd151aaf8604ca1a2ab62241
4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347
e20ad307a1c5f3f25af9304a7a7c86b6
cfcf525bd1f0dbaf9e9cc3b75dd419e8
bc93b2bb4ae5c2901c5d784ff1a2a8c6
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional UTB
repository.mail.fl_str_mv repositorioutb@utb.edu.co
_version_ 1814021801923051520
spelling Domínguez-Jiménez, J. A.eb998ccd-1b24-451c-bd85-ab8d78175c79Campo-Landines, K. C.a8b1964c-c621-484c-bbf2-a09aac2d59c0Martínez-Santos, J. C.0d883ac1-08f4-41df-ba56-fd17ffa4ab14Contreras-Ortiz, S. H.690f7c84-d6e0-464a-b059-47146b2f92f52023-07-19T21:18:04Z2023-07-19T21:18:04Z20182023Domínguez-Jiménez, J. A., Campo-Landines, K. C., Martínez-Santos, J. C., & Contreras-Ortiz, S. H. (2018, December). Emotion detection through biomedical signals: a pilot study. In 14th International Symposium on medical information processing and analysis (Vol. 10975, pp. 40-49). SPIE.https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/1219010.1117/12.2511598Universidad Tecnológica de BolívarRepositorio Universidad Tecnológica de BolívarEmotions are affective states accompanied by physiological reactions that affect cognition processes such as decision making, perception, and learning. Emotion detection can be helpful in fields like education, sports and accident prevention. In this pilot study, we used biosensors to measure heart rate and galvanic skin response of twenty-eight volunteers (fourteen male, fourteen female). They were asked to watch video clips to elicit two target emotions: Amusement and anger. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between mean values of biosignals and emotional states (including amusement, anger and neutral state). From the analysis of variance, Fisher least significant difference and Multiple Range test, it was observed that emotions elicited with video clips influence mean values and other features of physiological signals with a confidence level of 90%. © SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.49 páginasapplication/pdfenghttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacionalhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical EngineeringEmotion detection through biomedical signals: A pilot studyinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/drafthttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/version/c_b1a7d7d4d402bccehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Emotion;Emotion Recognition;Affective ComputingLEMBCartagena de IndiasCooper, C.L., Dewe, P. Stress: A Brief History (2008) Stress: A Brief History, pp. 1-144. Cited 30 times. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/book/10.1002/9780470774755 ISBN: 978-047077475-5; 1405107448; 978-140510744-0 doi: 10.1002/9780470774755Koelstra, S., Mühl, C., Soleymani, M., Lee, J.-S., Yazdani, A., Ebrahimi, T., Pun, T., (...), Patras, I. DEAP: A database for emotion analysis; Using physiological signals (2012) IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, 3 (1), art. no. 5871728, pp. 18-31. Cited 2542 times. doi: 10.1109/T-AFFC.2011.15Rodgers, M.M., Pai, V.M., Conroy, R.S. Recent advances in wearable sensors for health monitoring (2015) IEEE Sensors Journal, 15 (6), art. no. 6899605, pp. 3119-3126. Cited 226 times. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=7361 doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2014.2357257Webster, J.G. Medical instrumentation-application and design (1978) Journal of Clinical Engineering, 3 (3), p. 306. Cited 25 times.Mukhopadhyay, S.C. Wearable sensors for human activity monitoring: A review (2015) IEEE Sensors Journal, 15 (3), art. no. 6974987, pp. 1321-1330. Cited 994 times. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=7361 doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2014.2370945Plutchik, R. (2003) Emotions and Life. Cited 348 times. Washington, DC: American Psychological AssociationKatsis, C.D., Katertsidis, N., Ganiatsas, G., Fotiadis, D.I. Toward emotion recognition in car-racing drivers: A biosignal processing approach (2008) IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Part A:Systems and Humans, 38 (3), pp. 502-512. Cited 258 times. doi: 10.1109/TSMCA.2008.918624Villarejo, M.V., Zapirain, B.G., Zorrilla, A.M. A stress sensor based on galvanic skin response (GSR) controlled by ZigBee (2012) Sensors (Switzerland), 12 (5), pp. 6075-6101. Cited 202 times. http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/12/5/6075/pdf doi: 10.3390/s120506075Yoo, G., Seo, S., Hong, S., Kim, H. Emotion extraction based on multi bio-signal using back-propagation neural network (2018) Multimedia Tools and Applications, 77 (4), pp. 4925-4937. Cited 21 times. doi: 10.1007/s11042-016-4213-5Zong, C., Chetouani, M. Hilbert-Huang transform based physiological signals analysis for emotion recognition (2009) IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology, ISSPIT 2009, art. no. 5407547, pp. 334-339. Cited 88 times. ISBN: 978-142445950-6 doi: 10.1109/ISSPIT.2009.5407547Kim, H., Ha, J., Chang, W.-D., Park, W., Kim, L., Im, C.-H. Detection of craving for gaming in adolescents with internet gaming disorder using multimodal biosignals (2018) Sensors (Switzerland), 18 (1), art. no. 102. Cited 14 times. http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/1/102/pdf doi: 10.3390/s18010102Ali, M., Mosa, A.H., Machot, F.A., Kyamakya, K. Emotion recognition involving physiological and speech signals: A comprehensive review (2018) Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 109, pp. 287-302. Cited 41 times. www.springer.com/series/13304 doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-58996-1_13Ratnarathorn, S. (2012) Design of A Stress Monitor Based on Breathing Signals Using A Smart Textile ShirYoo, J., Yan, L., Lee, S., Kim, H., Yoo, H.-J. A wearable ECG acquisition system with compact planar-fashionable circuit board-based shirt (Open Access) (2009) IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine, 13 (6), art. no. 5272225, pp. 897-902. Cited 157 times. doi: 10.1109/TITB.2009.2033053Chanel, G., Kronegg, J., Grandjean, D., Pun, T. Emotion assessment: Arousal evaluation using EEG's and peripheral physiological signals (2006) Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 4105 LNCS, pp. 530-537. Cited 251 times. https://www.springer.com/series/558 ISBN: 3540393927; 978-354039392-4 doi: 10.1007/11848035_70Reeve, J. (2014) [Understanding Motivation and Emotion]. Cited 766 times. John Wiley & SonsGross, J.J., Levenson, R.W. Emotional Suppression: Physiology, Self-Report, and Expressive Behavior (1993) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64 (6), pp. 970-986. Cited 1182 times. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.64.6.970Gross, J.J., Levenson, R.W. Emotion Elicitation using Films (1995) Cognition and Emotion, 9 (1), pp. 87-108. Cited 1480 times. doi: 10.1080/02699939508408966Philippot, P. Inducing and Assessing Differentiated Emotion-Feeling States in the Laboratory (Open Access) (1993) Cognition and Emotion, 7 (2), pp. 171-193. Cited 297 times. doi: 10.1080/02699939308409183Khalili, Z., Moradi, M.H. Emotion detection using brain and peripheral signals (2008) 2008 Cairo International Biomedical Engineering Conference, CIBEC 2008, art. no. 4786096. Cited 44 times. ISBN: 978-142442695-9 doi: 10.1109/CIBEC.2008.4786096Schaefer, A., Nils, F., Philippot, P., Sanchez, X. Assessing the effectiveness of a large database of emotion-eliciting films: A new tool for emotion researchers (Open Access) (2010) Cognition and Emotion, 24 (7), pp. 1153-1172. Cited 568 times. doi: 10.1080/02699930903274322Schaefer, A. (2010) Assessing the Efiectiveness of A Large Database of Emotion-eliciting Films: A New Tool for Emotion Researchershttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501ORIGINALScopus - Document details - Emotion detection through biomedical signals_ A pilot study.pdfScopus - Document details - Emotion detection through biomedical signals_ A pilot study.pdfapplication/pdf173443https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12190/1/Scopus%20-%20Document%20details%20-%20Emotion%20detection%20through%20biomedical%20signals_%20A%20pilot%20study.pdf04837b7dbd151aaf8604ca1a2ab62241MD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8805https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12190/2/license_rdf4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347MD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-83182https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12190/3/license.txte20ad307a1c5f3f25af9304a7a7c86b6MD53TEXTScopus - Document details - Emotion detection through biomedical signals_ A pilot study.pdf.txtScopus - Document details - Emotion detection through biomedical signals_ A pilot study.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain2755https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12190/4/Scopus%20-%20Document%20details%20-%20Emotion%20detection%20through%20biomedical%20signals_%20A%20pilot%20study.pdf.txtcfcf525bd1f0dbaf9e9cc3b75dd419e8MD54THUMBNAILScopus - Document details - Emotion detection through biomedical signals_ A pilot study.pdf.jpgScopus - Document details - Emotion detection through biomedical signals_ A pilot study.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg6542https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12190/5/Scopus%20-%20Document%20details%20-%20Emotion%20detection%20through%20biomedical%20signals_%20A%20pilot%20study.pdf.jpgbc93b2bb4ae5c2901c5d784ff1a2a8c6MD5520.500.12585/12190oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/121902023-07-20 00:18:05.09Repositorio Institucional UTBrepositorioutb@utb.edu.coQXV0b3Jpem8gKGF1dG9yaXphbW9zKSBhIGxhIEJpYmxpb3RlY2EgZGUgbGEgSW5zdGl0dWNpw7NuIHBhcmEgcXVlIGluY2x1eWEgdW5hIGNvcGlhLCBpbmRleGUgeSBkaXZ1bGd1ZSBlbiBlbCBSZXBvc2l0b3JpbyBJbnN0aXR1Y2lvbmFsLCBsYSBvYnJhIG1lbmNpb25hZGEgY29uIGVsIGZpbiBkZSBmYWNpbGl0YXIgbG9zIHByb2Nlc29zIGRlIHZpc2liaWxpZGFkIGUgaW1wYWN0byBkZSBsYSBtaXNtYSwgY29uZm9ybWUgYSBsb3MgZGVyZWNob3MgcGF0cmltb25pYWxlcyBxdWUgbWUobm9zKSBjb3JyZXNwb25kZShuKSB5IHF1ZSBpbmNsdXllbjogbGEgcmVwcm9kdWNjacOzbiwgY29tdW5pY2FjacOzbiBww7pibGljYSwgZGlzdHJpYnVjacOzbiBhbCBww7pibGljbywgdHJhbnNmb3JtYWNpw7NuLCBkZSBjb25mb3JtaWRhZCBjb24gbGEgbm9ybWF0aXZpZGFkIHZpZ2VudGUgc29icmUgZGVyZWNob3MgZGUgYXV0b3IgeSBkZXJlY2hvcyBjb25leG9zIHJlZmVyaWRvcyBlbiBhcnQuIDIsIDEyLCAzMCAobW9kaWZpY2FkbyBwb3IgZWwgYXJ0IDUgZGUgbGEgbGV5IDE1MjAvMjAxMiksIHkgNzIgZGUgbGEgbGV5IDIzIGRlIGRlIDE5ODIsIExleSA0NCBkZSAxOTkzLCBhcnQuIDQgeSAxMSBEZWNpc2nDs24gQW5kaW5hIDM1MSBkZSAxOTkzIGFydC4gMTEsIERlY3JldG8gNDYwIGRlIDE5OTUsIENpcmN1bGFyIE5vIDA2LzIwMDIgZGUgbGEgRGlyZWNjacOzbiBOYWNpb25hbCBkZSBEZXJlY2hvcyBkZSBhdXRvciwgYXJ0LiAxNSBMZXkgMTUyMCBkZSAyMDEyLCBsYSBMZXkgMTkxNSBkZSAyMDE4IHkgZGVtw6FzIG5vcm1hcyBzb2JyZSBsYSBtYXRlcmlhLgoKQWwgcmVzcGVjdG8gY29tbyBBdXRvcihlcykgbWFuaWZlc3RhbW9zIGNvbm9jZXIgcXVlOgoKLSBMYSBhdXRvcml6YWNpw7NuIGVzIGRlIGNhcsOhY3RlciBubyBleGNsdXNpdmEgeSBsaW1pdGFkYSwgZXN0byBpbXBsaWNhIHF1ZSBsYSBsaWNlbmNpYSB0aWVuZSB1bmEgdmlnZW5jaWEsIHF1ZSBubyBlcyBwZXJwZXR1YSB5IHF1ZSBlbCBhdXRvciBwdWVkZSBwdWJsaWNhciBvIGRpZnVuZGlyIHN1IG9icmEgZW4gY3VhbHF1aWVyIG90cm8gbWVkaW8sIGFzw60gY29tbyBsbGV2YXIgYSBjYWJvIGN1YWxxdWllciB0aXBvIGRlIGFjY2nDs24gc29icmUgZWwgZG9jdW1lbnRvLgoKLSBMYSBhdXRvcml6YWNpw7NuIHRlbmRyw6EgdW5hIHZpZ2VuY2lhIGRlIGNpbmNvIGHDsW9zIGEgcGFydGlyIGRlbCBtb21lbnRvIGRlIGxhIGluY2x1c2nDs24gZGUgbGEgb2JyYSBlbiBlbCByZXBvc2l0b3JpbywgcHJvcnJvZ2FibGUgaW5kZWZpbmlkYW1lbnRlIHBvciBlbCB0aWVtcG8gZGUgZHVyYWNpw7NuIGRlIGxvcyBkZXJlY2hvcyBwYXRyaW1vbmlhbGVzIGRlbCBhdXRvciB5IHBvZHLDoSBkYXJzZSBwb3IgdGVybWluYWRhIHVuYSB2ZXogZWwgYXV0b3IgbG8gbWFuaWZpZXN0ZSBwb3IgZXNjcml0byBhIGxhIGluc3RpdHVjacOzbiwgY29uIGxhIHNhbHZlZGFkIGRlIHF1ZSBsYSBvYnJhIGVzIGRpZnVuZGlkYSBnbG9iYWxtZW50ZSB5IGNvc2VjaGFkYSBwb3IgZGlmZXJlbnRlcyBidXNjYWRvcmVzIHkvbyByZXBvc2l0b3Jpb3MgZW4gSW50ZXJuZXQgbG8gcXVlIG5vIGdhcmFudGl6YSBxdWUgbGEgb2JyYSBwdWVkYSBzZXIgcmV0aXJhZGEgZGUgbWFuZXJhIGlubWVkaWF0YSBkZSBvdHJvcyBzaXN0ZW1hcyBkZSBpbmZvcm1hY2nDs24gZW4gbG9zIHF1ZSBzZSBoYXlhIGluZGV4YWRvLCBkaWZlcmVudGVzIGFsIHJlcG9zaXRvcmlvIGluc3RpdHVjaW9uYWwgZGUgbGEgSW5zdGl0dWNpw7NuLCBkZSBtYW5lcmEgcXVlIGVsIGF1dG9yKHJlcykgdGVuZHLDoW4gcXVlIHNvbGljaXRhciBsYSByZXRpcmFkYSBkZSBzdSBvYnJhIGRpcmVjdGFtZW50ZSBhIG90cm9zIHNpc3RlbWFzIGRlIGluZm9ybWFjacOzbiBkaXN0aW50b3MgYWwgZGUgbGEgSW5zdGl0dWNpw7NuIHNpIGRlc2VhIHF1ZSBzdSBvYnJhIHNlYSByZXRpcmFkYSBkZSBpbm1lZGlhdG8uCgotIExhIGF1dG9yaXphY2nDs24gZGUgcHVibGljYWNpw7NuIGNvbXByZW5kZSBlbCBmb3JtYXRvIG9yaWdpbmFsIGRlIGxhIG9icmEgeSB0b2RvcyBsb3MgZGVtw6FzIHF1ZSBzZSByZXF1aWVyYSBwYXJhIHN1IHB1YmxpY2FjacOzbiBlbiBlbCByZXBvc2l0b3Jpby4gSWd1YWxtZW50ZSwgbGEgYXV0b3JpemFjacOzbiBwZXJtaXRlIGEgbGEgaW5zdGl0dWNpw7NuIGVsIGNhbWJpbyBkZSBzb3BvcnRlIGRlIGxhIG9icmEgY29uIGZpbmVzIGRlIHByZXNlcnZhY2nDs24gKGltcHJlc28sIGVsZWN0csOzbmljbywgZGlnaXRhbCwgSW50ZXJuZXQsIGludHJhbmV0LCBvIGN1YWxxdWllciBvdHJvIGZvcm1hdG8gY29ub2NpZG8gbyBwb3IgY29ub2NlcikuCgotIExhIGF1dG9yaXphY2nDs24gZXMgZ3JhdHVpdGEgeSBzZSByZW51bmNpYSBhIHJlY2liaXIgY3VhbHF1aWVyIHJlbXVuZXJhY2nDs24gcG9yIGxvcyB1c29zIGRlIGxhIG9icmEsIGRlIGFjdWVyZG8gY29uIGxhIGxpY2VuY2lhIGVzdGFibGVjaWRhIGVuIGVzdGEgYXV0b3JpemFjacOzbi4KCi0gQWwgZmlybWFyIGVzdGEgYXV0b3JpemFjacOzbiwgc2UgbWFuaWZpZXN0YSBxdWUgbGEgb2JyYSBlcyBvcmlnaW5hbCB5IG5vIGV4aXN0ZSBlbiBlbGxhIG5pbmd1bmEgdmlvbGFjacOzbiBhIGxvcyBkZXJlY2hvcyBkZSBhdXRvciBkZSB0ZXJjZXJvcy4gRW4gY2FzbyBkZSBxdWUgZWwgdHJhYmFqbyBoYXlhIHNpZG8gZmluYW5jaWFkbyBwb3IgdGVyY2Vyb3MgZWwgbyBsb3MgYXV0b3JlcyBhc3VtZW4gbGEgcmVzcG9uc2FiaWxpZGFkIGRlbCBjdW1wbGltaWVudG8gZGUgbG9zIGFjdWVyZG9zIGVzdGFibGVjaWRvcyBzb2JyZSBsb3MgZGVyZWNob3MgcGF0cmltb25pYWxlcyBkZSBsYSBvYnJhIGNvbiBkaWNobyB0ZXJjZXJvLgoKLSBGcmVudGUgYSBjdWFscXVpZXIgcmVjbGFtYWNpw7NuIHBvciB0ZXJjZXJvcywgZWwgbyBsb3MgYXV0b3JlcyBzZXLDoW4gcmVzcG9uc2FibGVzLCBlbiBuaW5nw7puIGNhc28gbGEgcmVzcG9uc2FiaWxpZGFkIHNlcsOhIGFzdW1pZGEgcG9yIGxhIGluc3RpdHVjacOzbi4KCi0gQ29uIGxhIGF1dG9yaXphY2nDs24sIGxhIGluc3RpdHVjacOzbiBwdWVkZSBkaWZ1bmRpciBsYSBvYnJhIGVuIMOtbmRpY2VzLCBidXNjYWRvcmVzIHkgb3Ryb3Mgc2lzdGVtYXMgZGUgaW5mb3JtYWNpw7NuIHF1ZSBmYXZvcmV6Y2FuIHN1IHZpc2liaWxpZGFkCgo=