Autoregularized model of compressive behavior of structural wall boundary elements

Incluye ilustraciones, gráficos, tablas.

Autores:: Arteta, Carlos A.
Piedrahita González, Jefferson Andrés
Segura, Christopher L.

Tipo de recurso:: Article of investigation

Fecha de publicación:: 2025

Institución:: Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar

Repositorio:: Repositorio Institucional UTB

Idioma:: eng

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dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv	Autoregularized model of compressive behavior of structural wall boundary elements
title	Autoregularized model of compressive behavior of structural wall boundary elements
spellingShingle	Autoregularized model of compressive behavior of structural wall boundary elements Boundary element (BE) Compression test Fracture energy in compression Regularization Reinforced concrete (RC) Strain capacity model Structural wall Reinforced concrete walls—Seismic behavior Reinforced concrete—Laboratory testing Structural elements—Design and construction Shear walls—Earthquake-resistant design Structural reinforcement—Experimental analysis Deformations (Structural engineering) Compression (Structural engineering) Empirical models (Structural engineering) Earthquake loads—Effect on structures Earthquake engineering—Mathematical models Reinforced concrete walls -- Seismic behavior Reinforced concrete -- Laboratory testing Structural elements -- Design and construction Shear walls -- Earthquake -- resistant design Structural reinforcement -- Experimental analysis Deformations (Structural engineering) Compression (Structural engineering) Empirical models (Structural engineering) Earthquake loads -- Effect on structures Earthquake engineering -- Mathematical models 2. Ingeniería y Tecnología::2A. Ingeniería Civil::2A01. Ingeniería civil ODS 9: Industria, innovación e infraestructura. Construir infraestructuras resilientes, promover la industrialización inclusiva y sostenible y fomentar la innovación
title_short	Autoregularized model of compressive behavior of structural wall boundary elements
title_full	Autoregularized model of compressive behavior of structural wall boundary elements
title_fullStr	Autoregularized model of compressive behavior of structural wall boundary elements
title_full_unstemmed	Autoregularized model of compressive behavior of structural wall boundary elements
title_sort	Autoregularized model of compressive behavior of structural wall boundary elements
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Arteta, Carlos A. Piedrahita González, Jefferson Andrés Segura, Christopher L.
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Arteta, Carlos A. Piedrahita González, Jefferson Andrés Segura, Christopher L.
dc.contributor.researchgroup.none.fl_str_mv	Grupo de Investigación Materiales y Estructuras Continuas – GIMAT
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv	Boundary element (BE) Compression test Fracture energy in compression Regularization Reinforced concrete (RC) Strain capacity model Structural wall
topic	Boundary element (BE) Compression test Fracture energy in compression Regularization Reinforced concrete (RC) Strain capacity model Structural wall Reinforced concrete walls—Seismic behavior Reinforced concrete—Laboratory testing Structural elements—Design and construction Shear walls—Earthquake-resistant design Structural reinforcement—Experimental analysis Deformations (Structural engineering) Compression (Structural engineering) Empirical models (Structural engineering) Earthquake loads—Effect on structures Earthquake engineering—Mathematical models Reinforced concrete walls -- Seismic behavior Reinforced concrete -- Laboratory testing Structural elements -- Design and construction Shear walls -- Earthquake -- resistant design Structural reinforcement -- Experimental analysis Deformations (Structural engineering) Compression (Structural engineering) Empirical models (Structural engineering) Earthquake loads -- Effect on structures Earthquake engineering -- Mathematical models 2. Ingeniería y Tecnología::2A. Ingeniería Civil::2A01. Ingeniería civil ODS 9: Industria, innovación e infraestructura. Construir infraestructuras resilientes, promover la industrialización inclusiva y sostenible y fomentar la innovación
dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv	Reinforced concrete walls—Seismic behavior Reinforced concrete—Laboratory testing Structural elements—Design and construction Shear walls—Earthquake-resistant design Structural reinforcement—Experimental analysis Deformations (Structural engineering) Compression (Structural engineering) Empirical models (Structural engineering) Earthquake loads—Effect on structures Earthquake engineering—Mathematical models
dc.subject.lemb.none.fl_str_mv	Reinforced concrete walls -- Seismic behavior Reinforced concrete -- Laboratory testing Structural elements -- Design and construction Shear walls -- Earthquake -- resistant design Structural reinforcement -- Experimental analysis Deformations (Structural engineering) Compression (Structural engineering) Empirical models (Structural engineering) Earthquake loads -- Effect on structures Earthquake engineering -- Mathematical models
dc.subject.ocde.none.fl_str_mv	2. Ingeniería y Tecnología::2A. Ingeniería Civil::2A01. Ingeniería civil
dc.subject.ods.none.fl_str_mv	ODS 9: Industria, innovación e infraestructura. Construir infraestructuras resilientes, promover la industrialización inclusiva y sostenible y fomentar la innovación
description	Incluye ilustraciones, gráficos, tablas.
publishDate	2025
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2025-06-11T20:09:25Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2025-03-13
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	Artículo de revista
dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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dc.type.content.none.fl_str_mv	Text
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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dc.identifier.citation.none.fl_str_mv	Arteta, C. A., Piedrahita, J., & Segura, C. L. (2025). Autoregularized Model of the Compressive Behavior of Structural Wall Boundary Elements. ACI Structural Journal, 122(2). https://doi.org/10.14359/51743302.
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/13774
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv	10.14359/51743302
identifier_str_mv	Arteta, C. A., Piedrahita, J., & Segura, C. L. (2025). Autoregularized Model of the Compressive Behavior of Structural Wall Boundary Elements. ACI Structural Journal, 122(2). https://doi.org/10.14359/51743302. 10.14359/51743302
url	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/13774
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv	eng
language	eng
dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv	Acevedo, C.; Creagh, A.; Moehle, J. P.; Hassan, W.; and Tanyeri, A. C., 2010, “Seismic Vulnerability of Non-Special Boundary Element of Shear Wall under Axial Force Reversals,” Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, Berkeley, CA, 19 pp. ACI Committee 318, 2011, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-11) and Commentary (ACI 318R-11),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 503 pp. ACI Committee 318, 2014, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14) and Commentary (ACI 318R-14),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 520 pp. Anderson, T. W., and Darling, D. A., 1952, “Asymptotic Theory of Certain ‘Goodness of Fit’ Criteria Based on Stochastic Processes,” Annals of Mathematical Statistics, V. 23, No. 2, pp. 193-212. doi: 10.1214/aoms/1177729437 Arteta, C. A., 2015, “Seismic Response Assessment of Thin Boundary Elements of Special Concrete Shear Walls,” PhD dissertation, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA. Arteta, C. A., and Moehle, J. P., 2023, “Compressive Behavior of Thin Rectangular Boundary Elements,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 120, No. 2, Mar., pp. 157-170. doi: 10.14359/51737236 Arteta, C. A.; To, D. V.; and Moehle, J. P., 2014, “Experimental Response of Boundary Elements of Code-Compliant Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls,” 10th US National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Anchorage, AK. ASCE/SEI 41-17, 2017, “Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings,” American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, VA. Bažant, Z. P., 1989, “Identification of Strain-Softening Constitutive Relation from Uniaxial Tests by Series Coupling Model for Localization,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 19, No. 6, pp. 973-977. doi: 10.1016/0008-8846(89)90111-7 Birely, A. C.; Lowes, L. N.; and Lehman, D. E., 2015, “Fragility Functions for Flexural Reinforced Concrete Walls,” Charles Pankow Foundation, https://www.pankowfoundation.org/site/assets/files/2050/2015_6_24_fragilityfunctions_pankowfinalreport.pdf. (last accessed Jan. 15, 2025) Coleman, J., and Spacone, E., 2001, “Localization Issues in Force-Based Frame Elements,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 127, No. 11, pp. 1257-1265. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:11(1257) Creagh, A.; Acevedo, C.; Moehle, J. P.; Hassan, W.; and Tanyeri, A. C., 2010, “Seismic Performance of Concrete Special Boundary Element,” Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, Berkeley, CA, 18 pp. Jansen, D. C., and Shah, S. P., 1997, “Effect of Length on Compressive Strain Softening of Concrete,” Journal of Engineering Mechanics, ASCE, V. 123, No. 1, pp. 25-35. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1997)123:1(25) Kent, D. C., and Park, R., 1971, “Flexural Members with Confined Concrete,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, V. 97, No. 7, pp. 1969-1990. doi: 10.1061/JSDEAG.0002957 Lowes, L. N.; Lehman, D. E.; Birely, A. C.; Kuchma, D. A.; Marley, K. P.; and Hart, C. R., 2012, “Earthquake Response of Slender Planar Concrete Walls with Modern Detailing,” Engineering Structures, V. 43, pp. 31-47. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.04.040 Mander, J. B.; Priestley, M. J. N.; and Park, R., 1988a, “Observed Stress-Strain Behavior of Confined Concrete,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 114, No. 8, pp. 1827-1849. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1988)114:8(1827) Mander, J. B.; Priestley, M. J. N.; and Park, R., 1988b, “Theoretical Stress-Strain Model for Confined Concrete,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 114, No. 8, pp. 1804-1826. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1988)114:8(1804) Marafi, N. A.; Ahmed, K. A.; Lehman, D. E.; and Lowes, L. N., 2019, “Variability in Seismic Collapse Probabilities of Solid- and Coupled-Wall Buildings,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 145, No. 6, p. 04019047. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002311 Markeset, G., and Hillerborg, A., 1995, “Softening of Concrete in Compression - Localization and Size Effects,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 25, No. 4, pp. 702-708. doi: 10.1016/0008-8846(95)00059-L Massey, F. J., Jr., 1951, “The Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for Goodness of Fit,” Journal of the American Statistical Association, V. 46, No. 253, pp. 68-78. doi: 10.1080/01621459.1951.10500769 Massone, L. M.; Polanco, P.; and Herrera, P., 2014, “Experimental and Analytical Response of RC Wall Boundary Elements,” 10th US National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Anchorage, AK. Moehle, J. P., and Cavanagh, T., 1985, “Confinement Effectiveness of Crossties in RC,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 111, No. 10, pp. 2105-2120. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1985)111:10(2105) Monti, G., and Nuti, C., 1992, “Nonlinear Cyclic Behavior of Reinforcing Bars Including Buckling,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 118, No. 12, pp. 3268-3284. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1992)118:12(3268) Nakamura, H., and Higai, T., 1999, “Compressive Fracture Energy and Fracture Zone Length of Concrete,” US-Japan Seminar on Post-Peak Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Structures Subjected to Seismic Loads: Recent Advances and Challenges on Analysis and Design, Tokyo, Japan. Razvi, S. R., and Saatcioglu, M., 1999, “Confinement Model for High-Strength Concrete,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 125, No. 3, pp. 281-289. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1999)125:3(281) Rustom, A., 2012, Descriptive Statistics, Probability and Inference: A Conceptual and Applicated Vision, first edition, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. (in Spanish) Saatcioglu, M., and Razvi, S. R., 1992, “Strength and Ductility of Confined Concrete,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 118, No. 6, pp. 1590-1607. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1992)118:6(1590) Scott, B. D.; Park, R.; and Priestley, M. J. N., 1982, “Stress-Strain Behavior of Concrete Confined by Overlapping Hoops at Low and High Strain Rates,” ACI Journal Proceedings, V. 79, No. 1, Jan.-Feb., pp. 13-27. doi: 10.14359/10875 Segura, C. L., and Wallace, J. W., 2018a, “Impact of Geometry and Detailing on Drift Capacity of Slender Walls,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 115, No. 3, May, pp. 885-895. doi: 10.14359/51702046 Segura, C. L., and Wallace, J. W., 2018b, “Seismic Performance Limitations and Detailing of Slender Reinforced Concrete Walls,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 115, No. 3, May, pp. 849-859. doi: 10.14359/51701918 Shah, S. P., and Sankar, R., 1987, “Internal Cracking and Strain-Softening Response of Concrete under Uniaxial Compression,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 84, No. 3, May-June, pp. 200-212. doi: 10.14359/1926 Sheikh, S. A., and Uzumeri, S. M., 1982, “Analytical Model for Concrete Confinement in Tied Columns,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, V. 108, No. 12, pp. 2703-2722. doi: 10.1061/JSDEAG.0006100 Sritharan, S.; Beyer, K.; Henry, R. S.; Chai, Y. H.; Kowalsky, M.; and Bull, D., 2014, “Understanding Poor Seismic Performance of Concrete Walls and Design Implications,” Earthquake Spectra, V. 30, No. 1, pp. 307-334. doi: 10.1193/021713EQS036M Takahashi, S.; Yoshida, K.; Ichinose, T.; Sanada, Y.; Matsumoto, K.; Fukuyama, H.; and Suwada, H., 2013, “Flexural Drift Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Wall with Limited Confinement,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 110, No. 1, Jan.-Feb., pp. 95-104. doi: 10.14359/51684333 Taleb, R.; Tani, M.; and Kono, S., 2016, “Performance of Confined Boundary Regions of RC Walls under Cyclic Reversal Loadings,” Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, V. 14, No. 4, pp. 108-124. doi: 10.3151/jact.14.108 Tripathi, M.; Dhakal, R.; Dashti, F.; and Gokhale, R., 2020, “Axial Response of Rectangular RC Prisms Representing the Boundary Elements of Ductile Concrete Walls,” Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, V. 18, No. 9, pp. 4387-4420. doi: 10.1007/s10518-020-00868-2 Wallace, J. W.; Massone, L. M.; Bonelli, P.; Dragovich, J.; Lagos, R.; Luders, C.; and Moehle, J. P., 2012, “Damage and Implications for Seismic Design of RC Structural Wall Buildings,” Earthquake Spectra, V. 28, pp. 281-299. doi: 10.1193/1.4000047 Wee, T. H.; Chin, M. S.; and Mansur, M. A., 1996, “Stress-Strain Relationship of High-Strength Concrete in Compression,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, ASCE, V. 8, No. 2, pp. 70-76. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(1996)8:2(70) Welt, T. S.; Massone, L. M.; LaFave, J. M.; Lehman, D. E.; McCabe, S. L.; and Polanco, P., 2017, “Confinement Behavior of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Prisms Simulating Wall Boundary Elements,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 143, No. 4, p. 04016204. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001682
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spelling	Arteta, Carlos A.Piedrahita González, Jefferson Andrés virtual::4880-1Segura, Christopher L.Grupo de Investigación Materiales y Estructuras Continuas – GIMAT2025-06-11T20:09:25Z2025-03-13Arteta, C. A., Piedrahita, J., & Segura, C. L. (2025). Autoregularized Model of the Compressive Behavior of Structural Wall Boundary Elements. ACI Structural Journal, 122(2). https://doi.org/10.14359/51743302.https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/1377410.14359/51743302Incluye ilustraciones, gráficos, tablas.The adequate seismic behavior of slender reinforced concrete (RC) structural walls relies heavily on the effectiveness of the boundary element (BE) in providing stable resistance against combined axial and flexural-shear compression demands resulting from gravity loading and lateral earthquake deformations. The geometric properties of the BE, including thickness and confined length, as well as the arrangement, detailing, and quantity of transverse reinforcement, play crucial roles in achieving a stable compressive response. Laboratory tests on isolated BE specimens subjected to uniform axial compression or cyclic axial tension and compression have been instrumental in understanding the influence of these variables on the compressive behavior of wall BEs. This study uses a database of experimental results from 45 rectangular BE specimens to establish empirical relationships between compressive force and strain, accounting for geometric and transverse reinproposed to estimate the compressive behavior within the damaged zone of a BE, based on its geometry and transverse reinforcement.14 paginasapplication/pdfengCopyright © 2025, American Concrete Institute. All rights reserved, including the making of copies unless permission is obtained from the copyright proprietors. Pertinent discussion including author’s closure, if any, will be published ten months from this journal’s date if the discussion is received within four months of the paper’s print publication.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2ACI Structural JournalAutoregularized model of compressive behavior of structural wall boundary elementsArtículo de revistainfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTTextinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Acevedo, C.; Creagh, A.; Moehle, J. P.; Hassan, W.; and Tanyeri, A. C., 2010, “Seismic Vulnerability of Non-Special Boundary Element of Shear Wall under Axial Force Reversals,” Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, Berkeley, CA, 19 pp.ACI Committee 318, 2011, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-11) and Commentary (ACI 318R-11),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 503 pp.ACI Committee 318, 2014, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14) and Commentary (ACI 318R-14),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 520 pp.Anderson, T. W., and Darling, D. A., 1952, “Asymptotic Theory of Certain ‘Goodness of Fit’ Criteria Based on Stochastic Processes,” Annals of Mathematical Statistics, V. 23, No. 2, pp. 193-212. doi: 10.1214/aoms/1177729437Arteta, C. A., 2015, “Seismic Response Assessment of Thin Boundary Elements of Special Concrete Shear Walls,” PhD dissertation, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA.Arteta, C. A., and Moehle, J. P., 2023, “Compressive Behavior of Thin Rectangular Boundary Elements,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 120, No. 2, Mar., pp. 157-170. doi: 10.14359/51737236Arteta, C. A.; To, D. V.; and Moehle, J. P., 2014, “Experimental Response of Boundary Elements of Code-Compliant Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls,” 10th US National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Anchorage, AK.ASCE/SEI 41-17, 2017, “Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings,” American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, VA.Bažant, Z. P., 1989, “Identification of Strain-Softening Constitutive Relation from Uniaxial Tests by Series Coupling Model for Localization,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 19, No. 6, pp. 973-977. doi: 10.1016/0008-8846(89)90111-7Birely, A. C.; Lowes, L. N.; and Lehman, D. E., 2015, “Fragility Functions for Flexural Reinforced Concrete Walls,” Charles Pankow Foundation, https://www.pankowfoundation.org/site/assets/files/2050/2015_6_24_fragilityfunctions_pankowfinalreport.pdf. (last accessed Jan. 15, 2025)Coleman, J., and Spacone, E., 2001, “Localization Issues in Force-Based Frame Elements,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 127, No. 11, pp. 1257-1265. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:11(1257)Creagh, A.; Acevedo, C.; Moehle, J. P.; Hassan, W.; and Tanyeri, A. C., 2010, “Seismic Performance of Concrete Special Boundary Element,” Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, Berkeley, CA, 18 pp.Jansen, D. C., and Shah, S. P., 1997, “Effect of Length on Compressive Strain Softening of Concrete,” Journal of Engineering Mechanics, ASCE, V. 123, No. 1, pp. 25-35. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1997)123:1(25)Kent, D. C., and Park, R., 1971, “Flexural Members with Confined Concrete,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, V. 97, No. 7, pp. 1969-1990. doi: 10.1061/JSDEAG.0002957Lowes, L. N.; Lehman, D. E.; Birely, A. C.; Kuchma, D. A.; Marley, K. P.; and Hart, C. R., 2012, “Earthquake Response of Slender Planar Concrete Walls with Modern Detailing,” Engineering Structures, V. 43, pp. 31-47. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.04.040Mander, J. B.; Priestley, M. J. N.; and Park, R., 1988a, “Observed Stress-Strain Behavior of Confined Concrete,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 114, No. 8, pp. 1827-1849. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1988)114:8(1827)Mander, J. B.; Priestley, M. J. N.; and Park, R., 1988b, “Theoretical Stress-Strain Model for Confined Concrete,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 114, No. 8, pp. 1804-1826. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1988)114:8(1804)Marafi, N. A.; Ahmed, K. A.; Lehman, D. E.; and Lowes, L. N., 2019, “Variability in Seismic Collapse Probabilities of Solid- and Coupled-Wall Buildings,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 145, No. 6, p. 04019047. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002311Markeset, G., and Hillerborg, A., 1995, “Softening of Concrete in Compression - Localization and Size Effects,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 25, No. 4, pp. 702-708. doi: 10.1016/0008-8846(95)00059-LMassey, F. J., Jr., 1951, “The Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for Goodness of Fit,” Journal of the American Statistical Association, V. 46, No. 253, pp. 68-78. doi: 10.1080/01621459.1951.10500769Massone, L. M.; Polanco, P.; and Herrera, P., 2014, “Experimental and Analytical Response of RC Wall Boundary Elements,” 10th US National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Anchorage, AK.Moehle, J. P., and Cavanagh, T., 1985, “Confinement Effectiveness of Crossties in RC,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 111, No. 10, pp. 2105-2120. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1985)111:10(2105)Monti, G., and Nuti, C., 1992, “Nonlinear Cyclic Behavior of Reinforcing Bars Including Buckling,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 118, No. 12, pp. 3268-3284. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1992)118:12(3268)Nakamura, H., and Higai, T., 1999, “Compressive Fracture Energy and Fracture Zone Length of Concrete,” US-Japan Seminar on Post-Peak Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Structures Subjected to Seismic Loads: Recent Advances and Challenges on Analysis and Design, Tokyo, Japan.Razvi, S. R., and Saatcioglu, M., 1999, “Confinement Model for High-Strength Concrete,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 125, No. 3, pp. 281-289. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1999)125:3(281)Rustom, A., 2012, Descriptive Statistics, Probability and Inference: A Conceptual and Applicated Vision, first edition, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. (in Spanish)Saatcioglu, M., and Razvi, S. R., 1992, “Strength and Ductility of Confined Concrete,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 118, No. 6, pp. 1590-1607. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1992)118:6(1590)Scott, B. D.; Park, R.; and Priestley, M. J. N., 1982, “Stress-Strain Behavior of Concrete Confined by Overlapping Hoops at Low and High Strain Rates,” ACI Journal Proceedings, V. 79, No. 1, Jan.-Feb., pp. 13-27. doi: 10.14359/10875Segura, C. L., and Wallace, J. W., 2018a, “Impact of Geometry and Detailing on Drift Capacity of Slender Walls,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 115, No. 3, May, pp. 885-895. doi: 10.14359/51702046Segura, C. 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Ingeniería y Tecnología::2A. Ingeniería Civil::2A01. Ingeniería civilODS 9: Industria, innovación e infraestructura. Construir infraestructuras resilientes, promover la industrialización inclusiva y sostenible y fomentar la innovaciónIngenieros Civiles, Investigadores y Estudiantes de PosgradoPublicationf730a56c-679c-47c2-adcc-1b76e99d600cvirtual::4880-1f730a56c-679c-47c2-adcc-1b76e99d600cvirtual::4880-1ORIGINALAutoregularized Model of Compressive Behavior of Structural Wall Boundary Elements.pdfAutoregularized Model of Compressive Behavior of Structural Wall Boundary Elements.pdfapplication/pdf4255410https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstreams/2a88bd6e-1989-44af-ba5d-decb4b19238f/downloadecc42c4609314f937bad4a45b341f466MD51trueAnonymousREADLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-814837https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstreams/7636d353-e622-4ba0-a65f-627fe2b8c6ab/downloadb76e7a76e24cf2f94b3ce0ae5ed275d0MD52falseAnonymousREADTEXTAutoregularized Model of Compressive Behavior of Structural Wall Boundary Elements.pdf.txtAutoregularized Model of Compressive Behavior of Structural Wall Boundary Elements.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain66526https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstreams/aaaedf13-9f6a-4b79-929a-8fa7dea5d4fb/download371f31a59f9de03b453797362265f731MD53falseAnonymousREADTHUMBNAILAutoregularized Model of Compressive Behavior of Structural Wall Boundary Elements.pdf.jpgAutoregularized Model of Compressive Behavior of Structural Wall Boundary Elements.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg18514https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstreams/86a3b4f2-4174-420f-80bb-22e4963767bc/downloadfcc73f7be7e558ae3570e50e40cdbaa5MD54falseAnonymousREAD20.500.12585/13774oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/137742025-07-25 15:48:04.434https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Copyright © 2025, American Concrete Institute. 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

Autoregularized model of compressive behavior of structural wall boundary elements

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