Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia
In this research, a methodology is developed to measure the quality of the Colombian educational system by analyzing universities and their academic programs. For the above, a Six Sigma approach is used as a tool for educational management in order to classify, evaluate and analyze the educational s...
- Autores:
-
Zuluaga Ortiz, Rohemi Alfredo
Delahoz Dominguez, Enrique
Periñan Luna, Arantxa
Escorcia, Jey
Moreira-Villegas, Francisco
Arteta, Ana
- Tipo de recurso:
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2022
- Institución:
- Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Institucional UTB
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/12251
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/12251
- Palabra clave:
- Total Quality Management;
Process Monitoring;
Six Sigma
LEMB
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
| id |
UTB2_31f9dc6f1d458b8cae6e23cd1801a950 |
|---|---|
| oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/12251 |
| network_acronym_str |
UTB2 |
| network_name_str |
Repositorio Institucional UTB |
| repository_id_str |
|
| dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia |
| title |
Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia |
| spellingShingle |
Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia Total Quality Management; Process Monitoring; Six Sigma LEMB |
| title_short |
Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia |
| title_full |
Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia |
| title_fullStr |
Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia |
| title_sort |
Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Zuluaga Ortiz, Rohemi Alfredo Delahoz Dominguez, Enrique Periñan Luna, Arantxa Escorcia, Jey Moreira-Villegas, Francisco Arteta, Ana |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Zuluaga Ortiz, Rohemi Alfredo Delahoz Dominguez, Enrique Periñan Luna, Arantxa Escorcia, Jey Moreira-Villegas, Francisco Arteta, Ana |
| dc.subject.keywords.spa.fl_str_mv |
Total Quality Management; Process Monitoring; Six Sigma |
| topic |
Total Quality Management; Process Monitoring; Six Sigma LEMB |
| dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv |
LEMB |
| description |
In this research, a methodology is developed to measure the quality of the Colombian educational system by analyzing universities and their academic programs. For the above, a Six Sigma approach is used as a tool for educational management in order to classify, evaluate and analyze the educational system having two approaches: universities and academic programs. Consequently, this article is divided into 5 sections: In the first section, a review of research carried out on quality and HEIs is carried out. The second section presents the research methodology, describes the study population and variables. The third section shows the results derived from the application of the Six Sigma methodology. The fourth section presents the discussion and recommendations. Finally, the fifth section presents the conclusions. Now, within the most significant findings, it is found that the sigma level of the Colombian educational system is found at Z = 2.17 and Y = 75% and is considered, according to what is established in the methodology of this work, as an acceptable level. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. |
| publishDate |
2022 |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2022 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-07-19T21:30:01Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-07-19T21:30:01Z |
| dc.date.submitted.none.fl_str_mv |
2023 |
| dc.type.coarversion.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_b1a7d7d4d402bcce |
| dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
| dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| dc.type.hasversion.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/draft |
| dc.type.spa.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
| status_str |
draft |
| dc.identifier.citation.spa.fl_str_mv |
Zuluaga-Ortiz, R., Delahoz-Dominguez, E., Periñan-Luna, A., Escorcia, J., Moreira-Villegas, F., & Arteta, A. (2022, July). Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia. In International Conference on Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management (pp. 172-188). Cham: Springer International Publishing. |
| dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/12251 |
| dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv |
10.1007/978-3-031-10539-5_13 |
| dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar |
| dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv |
Repositorio Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar |
| identifier_str_mv |
Zuluaga-Ortiz, R., Delahoz-Dominguez, E., Periñan-Luna, A., Escorcia, J., Moreira-Villegas, F., & Arteta, A. (2022, July). Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia. In International Conference on Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management (pp. 172-188). Cham: Springer International Publishing. 10.1007/978-3-031-10539-5_13 Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar Repositorio Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar |
| url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/12251 |
| dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
eng |
| language |
eng |
| dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| dc.rights.uri.*.fl_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
| dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.rights.cc.*.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional |
| rights_invalid_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
| dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
| dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv |
Cartagena de Indias |
| dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv |
Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) |
| institution |
Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar |
| bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12251/1/Scopus%20-%20Document%20details%20-%20Evaluation%20of%20Educational%20Quality%20Under%20a%20Six%20Sigma%20Approach%20to%20Engineering%20Degrees%20in%20Colombia.pdf https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12251/3/license.txt https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12251/2/license_rdf https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12251/4/Scopus%20-%20Document%20details%20-%20Evaluation%20of%20Educational%20Quality%20Under%20a%20Six%20Sigma%20Approach%20to%20Engineering%20Degrees%20in%20Colombia.pdf.txt https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12251/5/Scopus%20-%20Document%20details%20-%20Evaluation%20of%20Educational%20Quality%20Under%20a%20Six%20Sigma%20Approach%20to%20Engineering%20Degrees%20in%20Colombia.pdf.jpg |
| bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
3a1e078759337c37fe582f96158a4fe5 e20ad307a1c5f3f25af9304a7a7c86b6 4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347 2b7bb07f299a03e9af7c552590b35f3d 7410800a9062849e81f81f1622c4c484 |
| bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositorio Institucional UTB |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
repositorioutb@utb.edu.co |
| _version_ |
1814021710660239360 |
| spelling |
Zuluaga Ortiz, Rohemi Alfredo182b4086-4094-4784-9843-4be10643fb58Delahoz Dominguez, Enrique9107e382-6cea-4119-bc15-e873c3e7f5e4Periñan Luna, Arantxa8bbc64d3-7d3f-4593-bf38-c74966c08bb7Escorcia, Jey2dcb7aab-5c50-4d03-911c-1c90124828d7Moreira-Villegas, Francisco137ce9a7-036f-4dee-86af-3d12c327d1caArteta, Ana47819fe9-9b0f-4287-b3d5-660aaa030df82023-07-19T21:30:01Z2023-07-19T21:30:01Z20222023Zuluaga-Ortiz, R., Delahoz-Dominguez, E., Periñan-Luna, A., Escorcia, J., Moreira-Villegas, F., & Arteta, A. (2022, July). Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia. In International Conference on Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management (pp. 172-188). Cham: Springer International Publishing.https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/1225110.1007/978-3-031-10539-5_13Universidad Tecnológica de BolívarRepositorio Universidad Tecnológica de BolívarIn this research, a methodology is developed to measure the quality of the Colombian educational system by analyzing universities and their academic programs. For the above, a Six Sigma approach is used as a tool for educational management in order to classify, evaluate and analyze the educational system having two approaches: universities and academic programs. Consequently, this article is divided into 5 sections: In the first section, a review of research carried out on quality and HEIs is carried out. The second section presents the research methodology, describes the study population and variables. The third section shows the results derived from the application of the Six Sigma methodology. The fourth section presents the discussion and recommendations. Finally, the fifth section presents the conclusions. Now, within the most significant findings, it is found that the sigma level of the Colombian educational system is found at Z = 2.17 and Y = 75% and is considered, according to what is established in the methodology of this work, as an acceptable level. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.application/pdfenghttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacionalhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombiainfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/drafthttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/version/c_b1a7d7d4d402bccehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Total Quality Management;Process Monitoring;Six SigmaLEMBCartagena de IndiasCardiel-Ortega, J.J., Baeza-Serrato, R., Lizarraga-Morales, R.A. Development of a system dynamics model based on six sigma methodology (2017) Ingenieria e Investigacion, 37 (1), pp. 80-90. Cited 17 times. http://www.revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/ingeinv/article/download/62270/59459 doi: 10.15446/ing.investig.v37n1.62270Costa, L.B.M., Godinho Filho, M., Fredendall, L.D., Ganga, G.M.D. The effect of Lean Six Sigma practices on food industry performance: Implications of the Sector's experience and typical characteristics (2020) Food Control, 112, art. no. 107110. Cited 31 times. https://www.journals.elsevier.com/food-control doi: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107110osta, L.B.M., Godinho Filho, M., Fredendall, L.D., Devós Ganga, G.M. Lean six sigma in the food industry: Construct development and measurement validation (2021) International Journal of Production Economics, 231, art. no. 107843. Cited 26 times. https://www.journals.elsevier.com/international-journal-of-production-economics doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107843Gastelum-Acosta, C., Limon-Romero, J., Maciel-Monteon, M., Baez-Lopez, Y. Six sigma in Higher Education Institutions in Mexico (2018) Informacion Tecnologica, 29 (5), pp. 91-100. Cited 5 times. https://scielo.conicyt.cl/pdf/infotec/v29n5/0718-0764-infotec-29-05-00091.pdf doi: 10.4067/S0718-07642018000500091Hoz, E.D.L., Zuluaga, R., Mendoza, A. Assessing and classification of academic efficiency in engineering teaching programs (2021) Journal on Efficiency and Responsibility in Education and Science, 14 (1), pp. 41-52. Cited 14 times. https://www.eriesjournal.com/index.php/eries/article/view/375 doi: 10.7160/ERIESJ.2021.140104Escorcia Guzman, J.H., Zuluaga-Ortiz, R.A., Barrios-Miranda, D.A., Delahoz-Dominguez, E.J. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the processes of distribution and use of knowledge in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) (2021) Procedia Computer Science, 198, pp. 644-649. Cited 6 times. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/18770509 doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2021.12.300Bourner, T., Rospigliosi, A., Heath, L. THE FULLY FUNCTIONING UNIVERSITY (2020) The Fully Functioning University, pp. 1-160. https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/doi/10.1108/9781839824982 ISBN: 978-183982498-2; 978-183982501-9 doi: 10.1108/9781839824982Moreno-Brid, J.C., Ruiz-Nápoles, P. (2010) La educación Superior Y El Desarrollo económico En América Latina. Revista Iberoamericana De educación Superior, 1, pp. 171-188. Cited 9 times.Delahoz-Dominguez, E.J., Fontalvo, T., Zuluaga, R. Evaluation of academic productivity of citizen competencies in the teaching of engineering by using the Malmquist index (2020) Formacion Universitaria, 13 (5), pp. 27-34. Cited 5 times. http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0718-5006&lng=en&nrm=iso doi: 10.4067/S0718-50062020000500027Lee, H., Kim, C. Benchmarking of service quality with data envelopment analysis (Open Access) (2014) Expert Systems with Applications, 41 (8), pp. 3761-3768. Cited 69 times. doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2013.12.008Suresh, K.M., Asokan, P., Vinodh, S. Application of design for Six Sigma methodology to an automotive component (2016) International Journal of Six Sigma and Competitive Advantage, 10 (1), pp. 1-23. Cited 14 times. http://www.inderscience.com/ijssca doi: 10.1504/IJSSCA.2016.080446Ishak, A., Siregar, K., Asfriyati, Naibaho, H. Quality Control with Six Sigma DMAIC and Grey Failure Mode Effect Anaysis (FMEA): A Review (2019) IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 505 (1), art. no. 012057. Cited 17 times. https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1757-899X doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/505/1/012057Hsieh, Y.-J., Huang, L.-Y., Wang, C.-T. A framework for the selection of Six Sigma projects in services: Case studies of banking and health care services in Taiwan (Open Access) (2012) Service Business, 6 (2), pp. 243-264. Cited 21 times. doi: 10.1007/s11628-012-0134-1Surange, V.G. Implementation of Six Sigma to Reduce Cost of Quality: A Case Study of Automobile Sector (Open Access) (2015) Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention, 15 (2), pp. 282-294. Cited 29 times. http://www.springerlink.com/content/1547-7029 doi: 10.1007/s11668-015-9927-6LeMahieu, P.G., Nordstrum, L.E., Cudney, E.A. Six Sigma in education (Open Access) (2017) Quality Assurance in Education, 25 (1), pp. 91-108. Cited 25 times. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/info/journals/qae/qae.jsp doi: 10.1108/QAE-12-2016-0082Delahoz-Dominguez, E., Zuluaga, R., Fontalvo-Herrera, T. Dataset of academic performance evolution for engineering students (2020) Data in Brief, 30, art. no. 105537. Cited 17 times. https://www.journals.elsevier.com/data-in-brief doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105537Delahoz-Dominguez, E.J., Fontalvo, T.J., Fontalvo, O.M. Evaluation of service quality by means of six sigma in a center of documentary attention in a university (2020) Formacion Universitaria, 13 (2), pp. 93-102. Cited 10 times. https://scielo.conicyt.cl/pdf/formuniv/v13n2/0718-5006-formuniv-13-02-93.pdf doi: 10.4067/S0718-50062020000200093Jury, M., Smeding, A., Stephens, N.M., Nelson, J.E., Aelenei, C., Darnon, C. The Experience of Low-SES Students in Higher Education: Psychological Barriers to Success and Interventions to Reduce Social-Class Inequality (2017) Journal of Social Issues, 73 (1), pp. 23-41. Cited 123 times. www.blackwellpublishers.co.uk/asp/journal.asp?ref=0022-4537 doi: 10.1111/josi.12202Ameen Abdulla, M.S., Mohammed Navas, O.P., Amal, M.S., Nizam, B., Kavilal, E.G. Quality assurance in education based on six sigma tool (2020) Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, 0 (March), pp. 2347-2360. http://iieom.org/ieom2015/iieom.org ISBN: 978-153235949-1; 978-153235951-4; 978-153235952-1MacIel-Monteon, M., Limon-Romero, J., Gastelum-Acosta, C., Tlapa, D., Baez-Lopez, Y., Solano-Lamphar, H.A. Measuring Critical Success Factors for Six Sigma in Higher Education Institutions: Development and Validation of a Surveying Instrument (Open Access) (2020) IEEE Access, 8, art. no. 8943382, pp. 1813-1823. Cited 12 times. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=6287639 doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2962521http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501ORIGINALScopus - Document details - Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia.pdfScopus - Document details - Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia.pdfapplication/pdf200704https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12251/1/Scopus%20-%20Document%20details%20-%20Evaluation%20of%20Educational%20Quality%20Under%20a%20Six%20Sigma%20Approach%20to%20Engineering%20Degrees%20in%20Colombia.pdf3a1e078759337c37fe582f96158a4fe5MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-83182https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12251/3/license.txte20ad307a1c5f3f25af9304a7a7c86b6MD53CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8805https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12251/2/license_rdf4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347MD52TEXTScopus - Document details - Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia.pdf.txtScopus - Document details - Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain2744https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12251/4/Scopus%20-%20Document%20details%20-%20Evaluation%20of%20Educational%20Quality%20Under%20a%20Six%20Sigma%20Approach%20to%20Engineering%20Degrees%20in%20Colombia.pdf.txt2b7bb07f299a03e9af7c552590b35f3dMD54THUMBNAILScopus - Document details - Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia.pdf.jpgScopus - Document details - Evaluation of Educational Quality Under a Six Sigma Approach to Engineering Degrees in Colombia.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg6196https://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12585/12251/5/Scopus%20-%20Document%20details%20-%20Evaluation%20of%20Educational%20Quality%20Under%20a%20Six%20Sigma%20Approach%20to%20Engineering%20Degrees%20in%20Colombia.pdf.jpg7410800a9062849e81f81f1622c4c484MD5520.500.12585/12251oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/122512023-10-10 08:21:33.715Repositorio Institucional UTBrepositorioutb@utb.edu.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 |