Biochemical Markers Present in a Population Susceptible to Suffering From Metabolic Syndrome

Objective: To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (SM) according to Adult Treatment Panel III ATPIII and its relation with uric acid concentration and C-reactive protein, in people aged from 45 to 60 years old from the Getsemaní neighborhood of Cartagena city, Colombia. Materials and Meth...

Full description

Autores:
Díaz-Pérez, Anderson
Roldán Menco, Consuelo
Barrios Puerta, Zorayda
Badillo-Viloria, María
Navarro-Quiroz, Elkin
Yañez Torregroza, Zuleima
Mendoza Cataño, Carmenza Leonor
Tipo de recurso:
Fecha de publicación:
2018
Institución:
Universidad Simón Bolívar
Repositorio:
Repositorio Digital USB
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:bonga.unisimon.edu.co:20.500.12442/1874
Acceso en línea:
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/1874
Palabra clave:
Hypertension
Uric acid
Obesity
Risk factors
Rights
License
Licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
id USIMONBOL2_f81d9522db58040ac746b2893244f134
oai_identifier_str oai:bonga.unisimon.edu.co:20.500.12442/1874
network_acronym_str USIMONBOL2
network_name_str Repositorio Digital USB
repository_id_str
dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv Biochemical Markers Present in a Population Susceptible to Suffering From Metabolic Syndrome
title Biochemical Markers Present in a Population Susceptible to Suffering From Metabolic Syndrome
spellingShingle Biochemical Markers Present in a Population Susceptible to Suffering From Metabolic Syndrome
Hypertension
Uric acid
Obesity
Risk factors
title_short Biochemical Markers Present in a Population Susceptible to Suffering From Metabolic Syndrome
title_full Biochemical Markers Present in a Population Susceptible to Suffering From Metabolic Syndrome
title_fullStr Biochemical Markers Present in a Population Susceptible to Suffering From Metabolic Syndrome
title_full_unstemmed Biochemical Markers Present in a Population Susceptible to Suffering From Metabolic Syndrome
title_sort Biochemical Markers Present in a Population Susceptible to Suffering From Metabolic Syndrome
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Díaz-Pérez, Anderson
Roldán Menco, Consuelo
Barrios Puerta, Zorayda
Badillo-Viloria, María
Navarro-Quiroz, Elkin
Yañez Torregroza, Zuleima
Mendoza Cataño, Carmenza Leonor
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Díaz-Pérez, Anderson
Roldán Menco, Consuelo
Barrios Puerta, Zorayda
Badillo-Viloria, María
Navarro-Quiroz, Elkin
Yañez Torregroza, Zuleima
Mendoza Cataño, Carmenza Leonor
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Hypertension
Uric acid
Obesity
Risk factors
topic Hypertension
Uric acid
Obesity
Risk factors
description Objective: To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (SM) according to Adult Treatment Panel III ATPIII and its relation with uric acid concentration and C-reactive protein, in people aged from 45 to 60 years old from the Getsemaní neighborhood of Cartagena city, Colombia. Materials and Methods: Type of study: Observational, Descriptive-Correlation. Population of 802 inhabitants from the Getsemaní neighborhood of Cartagena city. We analyzed 302 inhabitants from a random sample with 95% confidence level and 5% of error level. The ATP III diagnostic criteria were applied, the applied instrument had basic data about the general context (social, demographic, economic aspects, family history, work activity and its physical characteristics: weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, calculation of BMI), as well diagnostic tests as: glycaemia, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDLc, LDLc, uric acid, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein. Results: The population susceptible to metabolic syndrome presented a prevalence of 18%. The most prevalent metabolic syndrome factor was abdominal obesity with 85%, followed by an increase in triglycerides by 76%. Conclusion: When applying the ATP III criteria, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was considered high. There was no significant association of C-reactive protein values with the possibility of developing metabolic syndrome in both men and women, but uric acid results were found to be correlated in the group of women susceptible to MS with a p = 0.0022.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2018-03-16T16:22:47Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2018-03-16T16:22:47Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2018
dc.type.eng.fl_str_mv article
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv 19169744
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/1874
identifier_str_mv 19169744
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/1874
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.license.spa.fl_str_mv Licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
rights_invalid_str_mv Licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.publisher.eng.fl_str_mv Canadian Center of Science and Education
dc.source.eng.fl_str_mv Global Journal of Health Science
dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv Vol. 10, No. 4 (2018)
institution Universidad Simón Bolívar
dc.source.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v10n4p85
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/208dc301-233b-46fe-ba42-dfaf2020b9b3/download
https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/384a72fb-c0e1-4129-846f-9d6a716872d3/download
https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/6b14a370-7ec9-464c-b71a-06c821130bf6/download
https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/9d2e5284-f1a9-415c-a047-410788a27bb3/download
https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/1e686057-741e-4394-9726-70a04fba5793/download
https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/ba78a54a-010b-4241-864a-1e310463ce96/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv c56a63e67a3dc8c0cc65579d542722de
8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33
1ccabc46c3f6589bb7d8299c4a26243c
581c03e7f5933d4ba5d65141c49ab04c
4a389abfaa7a55e2991c3fc0b1a74903
603d4f77303b42bc66b32f043dfa745c
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio Digital Universidad Simón Bolívar
repository.mail.fl_str_mv repositorio.digital@unisimon.edu.co
_version_ 1814076148043218944
spelling Licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacionalhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Díaz-Pérez, Anderson1c41cfcd-6b03-4ec2-a737-8299ac90ad88-1Roldán Menco, Consuelo6bdc1af1-a081-4cf9-837b-a38889498639-1Barrios Puerta, Zoraydab2aa46bb-de34-42bf-9c99-ac9b703d1796-1Badillo-Viloria, María3a1f72f3-f0ea-417d-b338-86e631c918f8-1Navarro-Quiroz, Elkinb7f1ab18-ac07-40cf-9df1-f25f0c54e259-1Yañez Torregroza, Zuleimac7864610-102f-4a11-b0aa-89b13bc620dc-1Mendoza Cataño, Carmenza Leonor077213e1-5a6b-4504-b6df-38f36ed288ca-12018-03-16T16:22:47Z2018-03-16T16:22:47Z201819169744http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/1874Objective: To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (SM) according to Adult Treatment Panel III ATPIII and its relation with uric acid concentration and C-reactive protein, in people aged from 45 to 60 years old from the Getsemaní neighborhood of Cartagena city, Colombia. Materials and Methods: Type of study: Observational, Descriptive-Correlation. Population of 802 inhabitants from the Getsemaní neighborhood of Cartagena city. We analyzed 302 inhabitants from a random sample with 95% confidence level and 5% of error level. The ATP III diagnostic criteria were applied, the applied instrument had basic data about the general context (social, demographic, economic aspects, family history, work activity and its physical characteristics: weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, calculation of BMI), as well diagnostic tests as: glycaemia, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDLc, LDLc, uric acid, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein. Results: The population susceptible to metabolic syndrome presented a prevalence of 18%. The most prevalent metabolic syndrome factor was abdominal obesity with 85%, followed by an increase in triglycerides by 76%. Conclusion: When applying the ATP III criteria, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was considered high. There was no significant association of C-reactive protein values with the possibility of developing metabolic syndrome in both men and women, but uric acid results were found to be correlated in the group of women susceptible to MS with a p = 0.0022.engCanadian Center of Science and EducationGlobal Journal of Health ScienceVol. 10, No. 4 (2018)https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v10n4p85HypertensionUric acidObesityRisk factorsBiochemical Markers Present in a Population Susceptible to Suffering From Metabolic Syndromearticlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Aguilar, M., Bhuket, T., Torres, S., Liu, B., & Wong, R. J. (2015). Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the United States, 2003-2012. Jama, 313(19), 1973-1974. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2015.4260Association, A. D. (2015). Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care, 37(Supplement 1), S81-S90. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc15-S005Ballantyne, C. M., Hoogeveen, R. C., Bang, H., Coresh, J., Folsom, A. R., Chambless, L. E., … Boerwinkle, E. (2005). Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and risk for incident ischemic stroke in middle-aged men and women in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Archives of Internal Medicine, 165(21), 2479-2484. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.165.21.2479Biben, S., Orkin, S., & Bopp, C. (2016). Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors in College-Aged Students. In International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings, 9, 20.Borghi, C., Rosei, E. A., Bardin, T., Dawson, J., Dominiczak, A., Kielstein, J. T., … Mancia, G. (2015). Serum uric acid and the risk of cardiovascular and renal disease. Journal of Hypertension, 33(9), 1729-1741. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000000701Culleton, B. F., Larson, M. G., Kannel, W. B., & Levy, D. (1999). Serum uric acid and risk for cardiovascular disease and death: the Framingham Heart Study. Annals of Internal Medicine, 131(1), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-1-199907060-00003Esser, N., Legrand-Poels, S., Piette, J., Scheen, A. J., & Paquot, N. (2014). Inflammation as a link between obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 105(2), 141-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2014.04.006Expert Panel on Detection, E. (2001). Executive summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Jama, 285(19), 2486. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.19.2486Garg, P. K., Norby, F. L., Polfus, L. M., Boerwinkle, E., Gibbs, R. A., Grove, M. L., … Hoogeveen, R. C. (2017). Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A 2 and risk of incident peripheral arterial disease: Findings from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study (ARIC). Atherosclerosis. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.11.007Giraldo, N. A. G., Perdomo, A. M. Z., Aristizábal, T. S. T., & Restrepo, A. E. (2017). Síndrome metabólico en un grupo de adultos mayores no institucionalizados según criterios de organismos internacionales. Perspectivas En Nutrición Humana, 18(1), 25-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.penh.v18n1a03Han, T. S., Sattar, N., Williams, K., Gonzalez-Villalpando, C., Lean, M. E., & Haffner, S. M. (2002). Prospective study of C-reactive protein in relation to the development of diabetes and metabolic syndrome in the Mexico City Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care, 25(11), 2016–2021. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.25.11.2016Heiss, G., Snyder, M. L., Teng, Y., Schneiderman, N., Llabre, M. M., Cowie, C., … Gallo, L. (2014). Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Hispanics/Latinos of diverse background: the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Diabetes Care, 37(8), 2391-2399. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/dc13-2505Iliff, D. (2001). Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of high cholesterol. JAMA, 286(19), 2400-2401; author reply 2401-2402. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.286.19.2398Jossa, F., Farinaro, E., Panico, S., Krogh, V., Celentano, E., Galasso, R., … Trevisan, M. (1994). Serum uric acid and hypertension: the Olivetti heart study. Journal of Human Hypertension, 8(9), 677-681.Kahn, R. (2003). Follow-up report on the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus: the expert committee on the diagnosis and classifications of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care, 26(11), 3160. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.26.11.3160Kang, D.-H., & Nakagawa, T. (2005). Uric acid and chronic renal disease: possible implication of hyperuricemia on progression of renal disease. In Seminars in nephrology (Vol. 25, pp. 43-49). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semnephrol.2004.10.001Melnyk, O. O. (2017). Metabolic syndrome and the risk of chronic kidney disease. KIDNEYS, 6(2), 80-90. https://doi.org/10.22141/2307-1257.6.2.2017.102785Mody, P., Joshi, P. H., Khera, A., Ayers, C. R., & Rohatgi, A. (2016). Beyond coronary calcification, family history, and C-Reactive protein: cholesterol efflux capacity and cardiovascular risk prediction. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 67(21), 2480-2487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.538Ridker, P. M., Buring, J. E., Cook, N. R., & Rifai, N. (2003). C-reactive protein, the metabolic syndrome, and risk of incident cardiovascular events. Circulation, 107(3), 391-397. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.Ridker, P. M., Rifai, N., Rose, L., Buring, J. E., & Cook, N. R. (2002). Comparison of C-reactive protein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the prediction of first cardiovascular events. New England Journal of Medicine, 347(20), 1557-1565. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa021993Sakkinen, P. A., Wahl, P., Cushman, M., Lewis, M. R., & Tracy, R. P. (2000). Clustering of procoagulation, inflammation, and fibrinolysis variables with metabolic factors in insulin resistance syndrome. American Journal of Epidemiology, 152(10), 897-907. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/152.10.897Srikanthan, K., Feyh, A., Visweshwar, H., Shapiro, J. I., & Sodhi, K. (2016). Systematic review of metabolic syndrome biomarkers: a panel for early detection, management, and risk stratification in the West Virginian population. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 13(1), 25. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.13800Testa, R., Vanhooren, V., Bonfigli, A. R., Boemi, M., Olivieri, F., Ceriello, A., … Bacalini, M. G. (2015). N-glycomic changes in serum proteins in type 2 diabetes mellitus correlate with complications and with metabolic syndrome parameters. PLoS One, 10(3), e0119983. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119983Virtanen, M., Ferrie, J. E., Akbaraly, T., Tabak, A., Jokela, M., Ebmeier, K. P., … Kivimäki, M. (2017). Metabolic Syndrome and Symptom Resolution in Depression: A 5-Year Follow-Up of Older Adults. J Clin Psychiatry, 78(1), e1-e7. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.15m10399Arias, C., Valdivieso, R., Núñez, M., Inga, M., Sosa, F., & Acosta, O. (2011). Evaluación del índice de masa corporal y su relación con la hiperglucemia en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2, en Lima Metropolitana, durante el año 2011. In Anales de la Facultad de Medicina, 73, 48. https://doi.org/10.15381/anales.v73i1.2224Bell Castillo, J., George Carrión, W., García Céspedes, M. E., Delgado Bell, E., Bell, G., & de Jesús, M. (2017). Identificación del síndrome metabólico en pacientes con diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial. MEDISAN, 21(10), 3038-3045.Cabalé Vilariño, M. B., Sánchez Serrano, D., Gutiérrez Carbonell, E., & Flores Sánchez, A. (2011). Prevalencia del síndrome metabólico en pacientes dislipidémicos con antecedentes de revascularización miocárdica. Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Biomédicas, 30(4), 464-470.Carvajal, C. C. (2017). Sindrome metabólico: Definiciones, epidemiología, etiología, componentes y tratamiento. Medicina Legal de Costa Rica, 34(1), 175-193.Castro, C., & Yaqueline, Y. (2016). Identificación de síndrome metabólico y comparación de las escalas Adult Treatment Panel III The National Cholesterol Education Program (ATP-III) y la Federación Internacional de la Diabetes (FID) en pacientes que acuden a chequeos ejecutivos en el Hospital de los Valles. PUCE.Díaz, M. S. (2015). Actualización 2015 del algoritmo ADA/EASD de tratamiento de la hiperglucemia. Diabetes Care, 38(1), 140-149.Fernández, A. G. (2016). Proteína c reactiva, índice de conicidad y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2. Universidad Complutense de Madrid.Jiménez, A. E. R., Navarro, J., Islas, M. C., DFranchis, L. J. C., Gómez, J. L., Pichardo, C. N., … López, F. R. E. (2009). Prevalencia del síndrome metabólico en relación con las concentraciones de ácido úrico. Medicina Interna de México, 25(4), 278-284.Lizarazu Díazgranados, I., Rossi Trespalacios, C., Iglesias Acosta, J., & Mendoza Torres, E. (2010). Síndrome metabólico en trabajadores de la Universidad Libre Seccional Barranquilla, 2009. Salud Uninorte, 26(1), 41-53.López-Jaramillo, P., Pradilla, L. P., Castillo, V. R., & Lahera, V. (2007). Patología socioeconómica como causa de las diferencias regionales en las prevalencias de síndrome metabólico e hipertensión inducida por el embarazo. Revista Española de Cardiología, 60(2), 168-178. https://doi.org/10.1157/13099463Manzur, F., de la Ossa, M., Trespalacios, E., Abuabara, Y., & Lujan, M. (2008). Prevalencia de síndrome metabólico en el municipio de Arjona, Colombia. Revista Colombiana de Cardiología, 15(5), 215-222.Márquez-Sandoval, F., Bulló, M., Vizmanos, B., Casas-Agustench, P., & Salas-Salvadó, J. (2008). Un patrón de alimentación saludable: la dieta mediterránea tradicional. Antropo, 16, 11-22.Matesanz Ruiz, C., Caro de Miguel, C., Campos, F., Gómez de Terreros Caro, J., Ariñez Fernández, C., & Gutiérrez Ortega, C. (2006). Descripción del valor de la proteína C reactiva según dislipemia e historia de tabaquismo. Prevención Del Tabaquismo, 8(1), 18-24.Matía Martín, P., Lecumberri Pascual, E., & Calle Pascual, A. L. (2007). Nutrición y síndrome metabólico. Revista Española de Salud Pública, 81(5), 489-505. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1135-57272007000500006Pineda, C. A. (2008). Síndrome metabólico: definición, historia, criterios. Colombia Médica, 39(1), 96-106Pulido, D. I., Scott, M. L., Barreras, C., Soto, F., Barrios, C., & López, C. M. (2016). Síndrome de ovario poliquístico en mujeres portadoras de síndrome metabólico. Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes, 27(4), 540-544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmclc.2016.07.013Rodríguez, R. G., & García, J. C. (2016). Hábitos de vida saludables en el síndrome metabólico. Medimay, 22(1), 102-106.Rosales, L., Rivas, E. T., & Troconis, T. J. B. (2017). Estudio de la relación entre las características genéticas asociadas a la leptina y el síndrome metabólico. Caso de un grupo familiar con evidencias de trastorno. Acta Bioclínica, 7(14), 145-168.Soca, P. E. M. (2009). El síndrome metabólico: un alto riesgo para individuos sedentarios. Acimed, 20(2), 0.Tovar, A. P., & Celemin, C. (2016). Menopausia y síndrome metabólico. RFS, 7(1), 69-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.25054/rfs.v7i1.183Valenzuela, A. (2016). Ácido úrico:?` un nuevo factor contribuyente al desarrollo de obesidad? Revista Chilena de Nutrición, 43(3), 303-307. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-75182016000300011ORIGINALPDF.pdfPDF.pdfFormato Pdf texto completoapplication/pdf182461https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/208dc301-233b-46fe-ba42-dfaf2020b9b3/downloadc56a63e67a3dc8c0cc65579d542722deMD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/384a72fb-c0e1-4129-846f-9d6a716872d3/download8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD52TEXTBiochemical Markers Present in a Population Susceptible to Suffering.pdf.txtBiochemical Markers Present in a Population Susceptible to Suffering.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain34133https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/6b14a370-7ec9-464c-b71a-06c821130bf6/download1ccabc46c3f6589bb7d8299c4a26243cMD53PDF.pdf.txtPDF.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain34382https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/9d2e5284-f1a9-415c-a047-410788a27bb3/download581c03e7f5933d4ba5d65141c49ab04cMD55THUMBNAILBiochemical Markers Present in a Population Susceptible to Suffering.pdf.jpgBiochemical Markers Present in a Population Susceptible to Suffering.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg1683https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/1e686057-741e-4394-9726-70a04fba5793/download4a389abfaa7a55e2991c3fc0b1a74903MD54PDF.pdf.jpgPDF.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg5689https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/ba78a54a-010b-4241-864a-1e310463ce96/download603d4f77303b42bc66b32f043dfa745cMD5620.500.12442/1874oai:bonga.unisimon.edu.co:20.500.12442/18742024-07-25 03:44:05.09open.accesshttps://bonga.unisimon.edu.coRepositorio Digital Universidad Simón Bolívarrepositorio.digital@unisimon.edu.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

Publicaciones similares