Applications Based on Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) in the Field of Home Healthcare

This article makes a literature review of applications developed in the health industry which are focused on patient care from home and implement a service-oriented (SOA) design in architecture. Throughout this work, the applicability of the concept of Internet of Things (IoT) in the field of teleme...

Full description

Autores:
Avila, Karen
Sanmartin, Paul
Jabba, Daladier
Jimeno, Miguel
Tipo de recurso:
Fecha de publicación:
2017
Institución:
Universidad Simón Bolívar
Repositorio:
Repositorio Digital USB
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:bonga.unisimon.edu.co:20.500.12442/1576
Acceso en línea:
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/1576
Palabra clave:
SOA
Telemedicine
Healthcare
IoT
Body sensor networks
Rights
License
licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
id USIMONBOL2_e9f9e436f83ef08845851e04e8fe4c78
oai_identifier_str oai:bonga.unisimon.edu.co:20.500.12442/1576
network_acronym_str USIMONBOL2
network_name_str Repositorio Digital USB
repository_id_str
dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv Applications Based on Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) in the Field of Home Healthcare
title Applications Based on Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) in the Field of Home Healthcare
spellingShingle Applications Based on Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) in the Field of Home Healthcare
SOA
Telemedicine
Healthcare
IoT
Body sensor networks
title_short Applications Based on Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) in the Field of Home Healthcare
title_full Applications Based on Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) in the Field of Home Healthcare
title_fullStr Applications Based on Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) in the Field of Home Healthcare
title_full_unstemmed Applications Based on Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) in the Field of Home Healthcare
title_sort Applications Based on Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) in the Field of Home Healthcare
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Avila, Karen
Sanmartin, Paul
Jabba, Daladier
Jimeno, Miguel
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Avila, Karen
Sanmartin, Paul
Jabba, Daladier
Jimeno, Miguel
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv SOA
Telemedicine
Healthcare
IoT
Body sensor networks
topic SOA
Telemedicine
Healthcare
IoT
Body sensor networks
description This article makes a literature review of applications developed in the health industry which are focused on patient care from home and implement a service-oriented (SOA) design in architecture. Throughout this work, the applicability of the concept of Internet of Things (IoT) in the field of telemedicine and health care in general is evaluated. It also performs an introduction to the concept of SOA and its main features, making a small emphasis on safety aspects. As a central theme, the description of different solutions that can be found in the health industry is developed, especially those whose goal is health care at home; the main component of these solutions are body sensor networks. Finally, an analysis of the literature from the perspectives of functionalities, security implementation and semantic interoperability is made to have a better understanding of what has been done and which are probable research paths to be studied in the future.
publishDate 2017
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2017-07-25
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2018-02-02T16:41:32Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2018-02-02T16:41:32Z
dc.type.eng.fl_str_mv article
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv 14248220
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/1576
identifier_str_mv 14248220
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/1576
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.license.spa.fl_str_mv licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
rights_invalid_str_mv licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina de EE. UU.
dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv Sensors
Vol. 17, No.8 (2017)
institution Universidad Simón Bolívar
dc.source.uri.eng.fl_str_mv https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5579483/
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/95ecc893-fd99-4549-872b-ee364a95d9ee/download
https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/80fc5e30-12bd-4508-9d7f-cc1390bfc451/download
https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/fae01d05-6e80-4b1b-adca-cdf3c3573d40/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33
37cb4c95a9fd947994b33a7a8684a790
182a34f86643518952880ab5cbd4ce3f
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv DSpace UniSimon
repository.mail.fl_str_mv bibliotecas@biteca.com
_version_ 1812100500405878784
spelling licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacionalhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Avila, Karen65cd10ac-1d49-4844-b959-df97ab73c242-1Sanmartin, Paul637b2108-8720-4718-8d08-92bb119cc9e4-1Jabba, Daladier19d0263d-ac39-4417-b735-1297cec1f8e6-1Jimeno, Miguel4bef58de-82fe-4b6c-b44d-a16d4e9a6702-12018-02-02T16:41:32Z2018-02-02T16:41:32Z2017-07-2514248220http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/1576This article makes a literature review of applications developed in the health industry which are focused on patient care from home and implement a service-oriented (SOA) design in architecture. Throughout this work, the applicability of the concept of Internet of Things (IoT) in the field of telemedicine and health care in general is evaluated. It also performs an introduction to the concept of SOA and its main features, making a small emphasis on safety aspects. As a central theme, the description of different solutions that can be found in the health industry is developed, especially those whose goal is health care at home; the main component of these solutions are body sensor networks. Finally, an analysis of the literature from the perspectives of functionalities, security implementation and semantic interoperability is made to have a better understanding of what has been done and which are probable research paths to be studied in the future.engBiblioteca Nacional de Medicina de EE. UU.SensorsVol. 17, No.8 (2017)https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5579483/SOATelemedicineHealthcareIoTBody sensor networksApplications Based on Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) in the Field of Home Healthcarearticlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Albrecht, K.; Michael, K. Connected: To everyone and everything [Guest Editorial: Special section on sensors]. IEEE Technol. Soc. Mag. 2013, 32, 31–34. [CrossRef]Pang, Z. Technologies and Architectures of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) for Health and Well-Being; Royal Institute of Technology: Stockholm, Sweden, 2013.Vaidehi, V.; Bhargavi, R.; Ganapathy, K.; Hemalatha, C.S. Multi-sensor based in-home health monitoring using complex event processing. In Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Recent Trends in Information Technology (ICRTIT), Chennai, India, 19–21 April 2012; pp. 570–575.Alshinina, R.; Elleithy,K. Performance and challenges of service-oriented architecture forwireless sensor networks. Sensors 2017, 17, 536. [CrossRef] [PubMed]Negra, R.; Jemili, I.; Belghith,A.Wireless body area networks: Applications and technologies. Procedia Comput. Sci. 2016, 83, 1274–1281. [CrossRef]Ganapathy, K.; Vaidehi, V. Medical intelligence for quality improvement in service oriented architecture. In Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Recent Trends in Information Technology (ICRTIT), Chennai, India, 3–5 June 2011; pp. 161–166.Liegl, P. The Strategic Impact of Service Oriented Architectures. In Proceedings of the 14th Annual IEEE International Conference andWorkshops on the Engineering of Computer-Based Systems (ECBS’07), Tucson, AZ, USA, 26–29 March 2007; pp. 475–484.Tsai, W.-T.; Fan, C.; Chen, Y.; Paul, R.A.; Chung, J.-Y. Architecture Classification for SOA-Based Applications. In Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Symposium on Object and Component-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC’06), Gyeongju, Korea, 24–26 April 2006; pp. 1–8.Karnouskos, S.; Guinard, D.; Savio, D.; Spiess, P.; Baecker, O.; Trifa, V.; de Souza, L.M.S. Towards the real-time enterprise: Service-based integration of heterogeneous SOA-ready industrial devices with enterprise applications. IFAC Proc. Vol. 2009, 42, 2131–2136. [CrossRef]Gao, F.; Li, L. Study on Security of Information Exchange of SOA Application System. In Applied Mechanics and Materials; Trans Tech Publications Inc.: Bern, Switzerland, 2014; Volumes 484–485, pp. 860–865.Caporuscio, M.; Mirandola, R.; Trubiani, C. QoS-Based Feedback for Service Compositions. In Proceedings of the 2015 11th International ACM SIGSOFT Conference on Quality of Software Architectures (QoSA), Montreal, QC, Canada, 4–8 May 2015; pp. 37–42.Ati, M.; Omar, W.; Hussain, A. Knowledge Based System Framework for Managing Chronic Diseases Based on Service Oriented Architecture. In Proceedings of the 2012 8th International Conference on Information Science and Digital Content Technology (ICIDT2012), Jeju, Korea, 26–28 June 2012; pp. 20–23.Setareh, S.; Rezaee, A.; Farahmandian, V.; Hajinazari, P.; Asosheh, A. A Cloud-Based Model for Hospital Information Systems Integration. In Proceedings of the 2014 7th International Symposiumon Telecommunications (IST), Teheran, Iran, 9–11 September 2014; pp. 695–700.Omar,W.M.; Taleb-Bendiab, A. Defining an Ontology for E-Health Autonomic Software Services. In Proceedings of the 2006 Innovations in Information Technology, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 19–21 November 2006; pp. 1–5.Mahmood, Z. Service Oriented Architecture: Potential Benefits and Challenges. In Proceedings of the 11th WSEAS International Conference on Computers, Agios Nikolaos, Greece, 26–28 July 2007; pp. 497–501.Zimmermann, O.; Krogdahl, P.; Gee, C. Elements of Service-Oriented Analysis and Design; IBM DeveloperWorks: Agios Nikolaos, Greece, 2004.Hohpe, G. Stairway to Heaven; Software Center, The University of Gothenburg: Gothenburg, Germany, 2002.Arsanjani, A. Service-Oriented Modeling and Architecture. Available online: https://www.ibm.com/ developerworks/library/ws-soa-design1/ (accessed on 20 July 2017).Boonyarattaphan, A.; Bai, Y.; Chung, S.; Poovendran, R. Spatial-Temporal Access Control for E-Health Services. In Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE Fifth International Conference on Networking, Architecture and Storage (NAS), Macau, China, 15–17 July 2010; pp. 269–276.Cummins, F.A. SOA Security. In Building the Agile Enterprise; Morgan Kaufmann: Burlington, MA, USA, 2009; Chapter 6, pp. 155–185.Rafe, V.; Hosseinpouri, R. A security framework for developing service-oriented software architectures. Secur. Commun. Netw. 2015, 8, 2957–2972. [CrossRef]Zhang, L.; Zhu, S.; Tang, S. Privacy protection for telecare medicine information systems using a chaotic map-based three-factor authenticated key agreement scheme. IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform. 2017, 21, 465–475. [CrossRef] [PubMed]Yu,W.D.; Gummadikayala, R.; Mudumbi, S. AWeb-BasedWireless Mobile System Design of Security and Privacy Framework for U-Healthcare. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on E-Health Networking, Applications and Services (HealthCom 2008), Singapore, 7–9 July 2008; pp. 96–101.Kart, F.; Moser, L.E.; Melliar-Smith, P.M. Building a distributed e-healthcare system using SOA. IT Prof. 2008, 10, 24–30. [CrossRef]Shen, H.; Ma, D.; Zhao, Y.; Ye, R. Collaborative Annotation of Medical Images via Web Browser for Teleradiology. In Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Computerized Healthcare (ICCH), Hong Kong, China, 17–18 December 2012; pp. 127–133.Miori, V.; Russo, D. Anticipating Health Hazards Through an Ontology-Based, IoT Domotic Environment. In Proceedings of the 2012 Sixth International Conference on Innovative Mobile and Internet Services in Ubiquitous Computing (IMIS), Palermo, Itay, 4–6 July 2012; pp. 745–750.Trinugroho, Y.B.D.; Reichert, F.; Fensli, R.W. A SOA-Based Health Service Platform in Smart Home Environment. In Proceedings of the 2011 13th IEEE International Conference on E-Health Networking Applications and Services (Healthcom), Columbia, MO, USA, 13–15 June 2011; pp. 201–204.Omar, W.M.; Taleb-Bendiab, A. Service Oriented Architecture for E-Health Support Services Based on Grid Computing Over. In Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE International Conference on Services Computing (SCC’06), Chicago, IL, USA, 18–22 September 2006; pp. 135–142.Lee, S.H.; Song, J.H.; Ye, J.H.; Lee, H.J.; Yi, B.K.; Kim, I.K. SOA-Based Integrated Pervasive Personal Health Management System Using PHDs. In Proceedings of the 2010 4th International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare, Munich, Germany, 22–25 March 2010; pp. 1–4.Hein, A.; Eichelberg, M.; Nee, O.; Schulz, A.; Helmer, A.; Lipprandt, M. A Service Oriented Platform for Health Services and Ambient Assisted Living. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops (WAINA’09), Bradford, UK, 26–29 May 2009; pp. 531–537.Koutkias, V.G.; Chouvarda, I.; Triantafyllidis, A.; Malousi, A.; Giaglis, G.D.; Maglaveras, N. A personalized framework for medication treatment management in chronic care. IEEE Trans. Inform. Technol. Biomed. 2010, 14, 464–472. [CrossRef] [PubMed]Rao, I.H.; Amir, N.A.; Dagale, H.; Kuri, J. E-Surakshak: A Cyber-Physical Healthcare System with Service Oriented Architecture. In Proceedings of the 2012 International Symposium on Electronic System Design (ISED), Kolkata, India, 19–22 December 2012; pp. 177–182.Rocha, A.; Martins, A.; Freire Junior, J.C.; Kamel Boulos, M.N.; Vicente, M.E.; Feld, R.; van de Ven, P.; Nelson, J.; Bourke, A.; ÓLaighin, G.; et al. Innovations in health care services: The CAALYX system. Int. J. Med. Inform. 2013, 82, e307–e320. [CrossRef] [PubMed]Benharref, A.; Serhani, M.A. Novel cloud and SOA-based framework for e-health monitoring using wireless biosensors. IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform. 2014, 18, 46–55. [CrossRef] [PubMed]Gazzarata, R.; Vergari, F.; Cinotti, T.S.; Giacomini, M. A standardized SOA for clinical data interchange in a cardiac telemonitoring environment. IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform. 2014, 18, 1764–1774. [CrossRef] [PubMed]Yeh, K.-H. Bsncare+: A robust IoT-oriented healthcare system with non-repudiation transactions. Appl. Sci. 2016, 6, 418. [CrossRef]Gope, P.; Hwang, T. Bsn-care: A secure IoT-based modern healthcare system using body sensor network. IEEE Sens. J. 2016, 16, 1368–1376. [CrossRef]Fortino, G.; Gravina, R.; Russo, W. Activity-Aaservice: Cloud-Assisted, BSN-Based System for Physical Activity Monitoring. In Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE 19th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD), Calabria, Italy, 6–8 May 2015; pp. 588–593.MengChu, Z.; Han-Xiong, L.; Margot, W. Accelerometer-based Body Sensor Network (BSN) for Medical Diagnosis Assessment and Training. In Contemporary Issues in Systems Science and Engineering;Wiley-IEEE Press: Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2015; pp. 1–888.Tan, B.; Tian, O. Short Paper: Using BSN for Tele-Health Application in Upper Limb Rehabilitation. In Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT), Seoul, Korea, 6–8 March 2014; pp. 169–170.Kañtoch, E. Technical Verification of Integrating Wearable Sensors into BSN-Based Telemedical Monitoring System. In Proceedings of the 2013 12th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications, Miami, FL, USA, 4–7 December 2013; pp. 432–435.Ka´ ntoch, E. Telemedical Human Activity Monitoring System Based on Wearable Sensors Network. In Proceedings of the Computing in Cardiology 2014, Cambridge, MA, USA, 7–10 September 2014; pp. 469–472.Nandkishor, B.R.; Shinde, A.; Malathi, P. Android Smartphone Based Body Area Network for Monitoring and Evaluation of Medical Parameters. In Proceedings of the 2014 First International Conference on Networks & Soft Computing (ICNSC2014), Guntur, India, 19–20 August 2014; pp. 284–288.Andrès, E.; Talha, S.; Ahmed Benyahia, A.; Keller, O.; Hajjam, M.; Moukadem, A.; Dieterlen, A.; Hajjam, J.; Ervé, S.; Hajjam, A. E-health: A promising solution for optimizing management of chronic diseases. Example of the national e-health project e-care based on an e-platform in the context of chronic heart failure. Eur. Res. Telemed. 2015, 4, 87–94. [CrossRef]Singh, S.R.; Jayasuriya, J.; Zhou, C.; Motani, M. A Restful Web Networking Framework for Vital Sign Monitoring. In Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), London, UK, 8–12 June 2015; pp. 524–529.Chen, I.Y.; Tsai, C.H. Pervasive Digital Monitoring and Transmission of Pre-Care Patient Biostatics with An OSGI, MOM and SOA Based Remote Health Care System. In Proceedings of the Sixth Annual IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (PerCom 2008), Hong Kong, China, 17–21 March 2008; pp. 704–709.Hofer, T.; Schumacher, M.; Bromuri, S. Compass: An Interoperable Personal Health System to Monitor and Compress Signals in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. In Proceedings of the 2015 9th International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare (PervasiveHealth), Istanbul, Turkey, 20–23 May 2015; pp. 304–311.Ganapathy, K.; Priya, B.; Priya, B.; Dhivya; Prashanth, V.; Vaidehi, V. SOA framework for geriatric remote health care using wireless sensor network. Procedia Comput. Sci. 2013, 19, 1012–1019. [CrossRef]Abousharkh, M.; Mouftah, H. XMPP-Enabled SOA-Driven Middleware for Remote Patient Monitoring System. In Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Information Technology and E-Services, Sousse, Tunisia, 24–26 March 2012; pp. 1–5.Abousharkh, M.; Mouftah, H. A SOA-Based Middleware for WBAN. In Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications, Bari, Italy, 30–31 May 2011; pp. 257–260.Iancu-Constantin, R.; Serbanati, L.D.; Chera, C.; Gheorghe-Pop, I.D.; Ertl, B. An E-Health Approach for Remote Cardiac Rehabilitation. In Proceedings of the 2015 20th International Conference on Control Systems and Computer Science, Bucharest, Romania, 27–29 May 2015; pp. 205–210.Bazzani, M.; Conzon, D.; Scalera, A.; Spirito, M.A.; Trainito, C.I. Enabling the IoT Paradigm in E-Health Solutions through the Virtus Middleware. In Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE 11th International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications, Liverpool, UK, 25–27 June 2012; pp. 1954–1959.Elgendi, M. On the analysis of fingertip photoplethysmogram signals. Curr. Cardiol. Rev. 2012, 8, 14–25. [CrossRef] [PubMed]Meo, P.D.; Quattrone, G.; Ursino, D. Integration of the HL7 standard in a multiagent system to support personalized access to e-health services. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 2011, 23, 1244–1260. [CrossRef]Batra, U.; Sachdeva, S.; Mukherjee, S. Implementing healthcare interoperability utilizing SOA and data interchange agent. Health Policy Technol. 2015, 4, 241–255. [CrossRef]Kiljander, J.; D’elia, A.;Morandi, F.; Hyttinen, P.; Takalo-Mattila, J.; Ylisaukko-Oja, A.; Soininen, J.P.; Cinotti, T.S. Semantic interoperability architecture for pervasive computing and Internet of Things. IEEE Access 2014, 2, 856–873. [CrossRef]Jabbar, S.; Ullah, F.; Khalid, S.; Khan, M.; Han, K. Semantic interoperability in heterogeneous IoT infrastructure for healthcare. Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput. 2017, 2017, 10. [CrossRef]Bui, V.; Brandt, P.; Liu, H.; Basten, T.; Johan, L. Semantic Interoperability in Body Area Sensor Networks and Applications. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Body Area Networks, London, UK, 29 Septermber–1 October 2014; pp. 210–216.Brandt, P.; Basten, T.; Stuiik, S.; Bui, V.; Clercq, P.D.; Pires, L.F.; Sinderen, M.V. Semantic Interoperability in Sensor Applications Making Sense of Sensor Data. In Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Healthcare and e-Health (CICARE), Singapore, 16–19 April 2013; pp. 34–41.Amato, F.; Mazzeo, A.; Moscato, V.; Picariello, A. A Framework for Semantic Interoperability over the Cloud. In Proceedings of the 2013 27th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and ApplicationsWorkshops, Barcelona, Spain, 25–28 March 2013; pp. 1259–1264.Han, S.N.; Lee, G.M.; Crespi, N.; Luong, N.V.; Heo, K.; Brut, M.; Gatellier, P. Dpwsim: A devices profile for web services (DPWS) simulator. IEEE Internet Things J. 2015, 2, 221–229. [CrossRef]Daemen, J.; Rijmen, V. The Design of Rijndael: AES—The Advanced Encryption Standard; Springer Science & Business Media: Berlin, Germany, 2013.LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/95ecc893-fd99-4549-872b-ee364a95d9ee/download8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD52TEXTApplicarions Based.pdf.txtApplicarions Based.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain68399https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/80fc5e30-12bd-4508-9d7f-cc1390bfc451/download37cb4c95a9fd947994b33a7a8684a790MD53THUMBNAILApplicarions Based.pdf.jpgApplicarions Based.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg1619https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/fae01d05-6e80-4b1b-adca-cdf3c3573d40/download182a34f86643518952880ab5cbd4ce3fMD5420.500.12442/1576oai:bonga.unisimon.edu.co:20.500.12442/15762021-04-06 09:36:00.711metadata.onlyhttps://bonga.unisimon.edu.coDSpace UniSimonbibliotecas@biteca.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