Self-Confidence of Venezuelan Migrant Entrepreneurs in Colombia
This study determines the personality and behavioural factors related to pull motivation that explains the self-confidence of Venezuelan migrant entrepreneurs. Using a quantitative approach, this study conducted a survey with 88 migrants who own productive units in the urban area of Gramalote, North...
- Autores:
-
Albornoz-Arias, Neida
Santafé-Rojas, Akever-Karina
- Tipo de recurso:
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2022
- Institución:
- Universidad Simón Bolívar
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Digital USB
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:bonga.unisimon.edu.co:20.500.12442/11436
- Palabra clave:
- Entrepreneur
Self-confidence
Venezuelan migration
Taking risks
Seizing opportunities
Post-pandemic
Colombia
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
id |
USIMONBOL2_c69d9551e519369033658ec7b0c4bd57 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:bonga.unisimon.edu.co:20.500.12442/11436 |
network_acronym_str |
USIMONBOL2 |
network_name_str |
Repositorio Digital USB |
repository_id_str |
|
dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv |
Self-Confidence of Venezuelan Migrant Entrepreneurs in Colombia |
title |
Self-Confidence of Venezuelan Migrant Entrepreneurs in Colombia |
spellingShingle |
Self-Confidence of Venezuelan Migrant Entrepreneurs in Colombia Entrepreneur Self-confidence Venezuelan migration Taking risks Seizing opportunities Post-pandemic Colombia |
title_short |
Self-Confidence of Venezuelan Migrant Entrepreneurs in Colombia |
title_full |
Self-Confidence of Venezuelan Migrant Entrepreneurs in Colombia |
title_fullStr |
Self-Confidence of Venezuelan Migrant Entrepreneurs in Colombia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Self-Confidence of Venezuelan Migrant Entrepreneurs in Colombia |
title_sort |
Self-Confidence of Venezuelan Migrant Entrepreneurs in Colombia |
dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Albornoz-Arias, Neida Santafé-Rojas, Akever-Karina |
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Albornoz-Arias, Neida Santafé-Rojas, Akever-Karina |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Entrepreneur Self-confidence Venezuelan migration Taking risks Seizing opportunities Post-pandemic |
topic |
Entrepreneur Self-confidence Venezuelan migration Taking risks Seizing opportunities Post-pandemic Colombia |
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv |
Colombia |
description |
This study determines the personality and behavioural factors related to pull motivation that explains the self-confidence of Venezuelan migrant entrepreneurs. Using a quantitative approach, this study conducted a survey with 88 migrants who own productive units in the urban area of Gramalote, North of Santander, in Colombia. This study examines the association between the variable ‘perception of having self-confidence’ with demographic and motivational contextual factors. Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the evidence of a statistically significant association between the variables. The findings of the multivariate multinomial logistic regression model suggest that the factors related to a high level of self-confidence are gender, perception of ability to take advantage of opportunities, perception of demanding efficiency and quality and perception of taking risks. These factors are to be considered in the policies of the Colombian state regarding education programmes and the formalisation of the labour market with a gender approach in a post-pandemic context. Given that the COVID-19 pandemic caused a crisis in countless aspects, one of which was in the labour market, this study is relevant because it analyses self-confidence as a driver of entrepreneurial development. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-11-22T13:10:32Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-11-22T13:10:32Z |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2022 |
dc.type.coarversion.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
dc.type.driver.eng.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.spa.spa.fl_str_mv |
Artículo científico |
dc.identifier.citation.eng.fl_str_mv |
Albornoz-Arias, N., & Santafé-Rojas, A.-K. (2022). Self-Confidence of Venezuelan Migrant Entrepreneurs in Colombia. Social Sciences, 11(7), 290. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11070290 |
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv |
20760760 |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/11436 |
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv |
https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11070290 |
identifier_str_mv |
Albornoz-Arias, N., & Santafé-Rojas, A.-K. (2022). Self-Confidence of Venezuelan Migrant Entrepreneurs in Colombia. Social Sciences, 11(7), 290. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11070290 20760760 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/11436 https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11070290 |
dc.language.iso.eng.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.rights.*.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional |
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
dc.rights.uri.*.fl_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
dc.rights.accessrights.eng.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.mimetype.eng.fl_str_mv |
pdf |
dc.publisher.eng.fl_str_mv |
MDPI |
dc.source.eng.fl_str_mv |
Social Sciences Vol. 11 Issue 7 (2022) |
institution |
Universidad Simón Bolívar |
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/1abfdb00-978d-4b86-8754-d3bffced478b/download https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/f8300e50-46f3-4b9f-acb3-9dd8782341f9/download https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/73724786-1ca4-4f90-8bd1-06741f4137c6/download https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/9fd3b014-d8d7-411b-bbdf-ab2f0da8d384/download https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/7660ae5c-2afc-41f5-bef1-cb0afbe37994/download https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/f5a4afb2-d1b9-4023-a82c-4c615a3914f9/download https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/4c735802-7b0e-4a94-945e-bf27c03f1cd7/download |
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
733bec43a0bf5ade4d97db708e29b185 6c94b4691b54688a7738a1d33df9ee2a 4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347 cca4f9744792984cbda8564cfb1a6a06 cca4f9744792984cbda8564cfb1a6a06 e33aaa7685681a895e263bd0dc3c71d4 e33aaa7685681a895e263bd0dc3c71d4 |
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositorio Digital Universidad Simón Bolívar |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
repositorio.digital@unisimon.edu.co |
_version_ |
1814076156091039744 |
spelling |
Albornoz-Arias, Neida534abd22-e846-4f7b-8cc1-a98cba9cdbe0Santafé-Rojas, Akever-Karina94c1ac24-b640-4ded-a6f1-3d15d8954fd02022-11-22T13:10:32Z2022-11-22T13:10:32Z2022Albornoz-Arias, N., & Santafé-Rojas, A.-K. (2022). Self-Confidence of Venezuelan Migrant Entrepreneurs in Colombia. Social Sciences, 11(7), 290. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci1107029020760760https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/11436https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11070290This study determines the personality and behavioural factors related to pull motivation that explains the self-confidence of Venezuelan migrant entrepreneurs. Using a quantitative approach, this study conducted a survey with 88 migrants who own productive units in the urban area of Gramalote, North of Santander, in Colombia. This study examines the association between the variable ‘perception of having self-confidence’ with demographic and motivational contextual factors. Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the evidence of a statistically significant association between the variables. The findings of the multivariate multinomial logistic regression model suggest that the factors related to a high level of self-confidence are gender, perception of ability to take advantage of opportunities, perception of demanding efficiency and quality and perception of taking risks. These factors are to be considered in the policies of the Colombian state regarding education programmes and the formalisation of the labour market with a gender approach in a post-pandemic context. Given that the COVID-19 pandemic caused a crisis in countless aspects, one of which was in the labour market, this study is relevant because it analyses self-confidence as a driver of entrepreneurial development.pdfengMDPIAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Social SciencesVol. 11 Issue 7 (2022)EntrepreneurSelf-confidenceVenezuelan migrationTaking risksSeizing opportunitiesPost-pandemicColombiaSelf-Confidence of Venezuelan Migrant Entrepreneurs in Colombiainfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleArtículo científicohttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Albornoz-Arias, Neida, and Akever-Karina Santafé-Rojas. 2022. Entrepreneurial attributes of Venezuelan migrants in Gramalote, Norte de Santander, Colombia. Mendeley Data V2.Alda-Varas, Rodrigo, Lourdes Villardón-Gallego, and Itziar Elexpuru-Albizuri. 2012. Propuesta y validación de un perfil de competencias de la persona emprendedora. Implicaciones para la formación. [Proposal and validation of a competence profile of the entrepreneur. Implications for training]. Electronic Journal of Research in Education Psychology 10: 1057–80.Anglin, Aaron H., Jeremy C. Short, Will Drover, Regan M. Stevenson, Aaron F. McKenny, and Thomas H. Allison. 2018. The Power of Positivity? The Influence of Positive Psychological Capital Language on Crowdfunding Performance. Journal of Business Venturing 33: 470–92.Bandura, Albert. 1977. Self-Efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psychological Review 84: 191–215.Bandura, Albert. 1982. Self-Efficacy Mechanism in Human Agency. American Psychologist 37: 122–47.Barba Bayas, Diego. 2015. Características Emprendedoras Personales (CEP) De hombres y mujeres gerentes de las Cooperativas de Ahorro y Crédito de Riobamba: Investigación 2010–2011 [Personal entrepreneurial characteristics (PEC) of male and female managers of credit unions in Riobamba: Research 2010–2011]. CIENCIA UNEMI 6: 62–68.Benight, Charles C., and Albert Bandura. 2004. Social Cognitive Theory of Posttraumatic Recovery: The Role of Perceived Self-Efficacy. Behaviour Research and Therapy 42: 1129–48.Bergner, Sabine, Julia Auburger, and Dominik Paleczek. 2021. The Why and the How: A Nexus on How Opportunity, Risk and Personality Affect Entrepreneurial Intention. Journal of Small Business Management, 1–34.Bird, Barbara. 1988. Implementing Entrepreneurial Ideas: The Case for Intention. The Academy of Management Review 13: 442–53.Biswas, Abhijeet, and Rohit Kumar Verma. 2021. Attitude and Alertness in Personality Traits: A Pathway to Building Entrepreneurial Intentions Among University Students. The Journal of Entrepreneurship 30: 367–96.Block, Joern, and Jeffrey S. Petty. 2020. How Knowledge Shapes the Scope of Early Business Planning. Journal of Small Business Management, 1–30.Block, Joern H., and Marcus Wagner. 2007. Opportunity Recognition and Exploitation by Necessity and Opportunity Entrepreneurs: Empirical Evidence from Earnings Equations. Academy of Management Proceedings 2007: 1–6.Block, Joern, Philipp Sandner, and Frank Spiegel. 2015. How Do Risk Attitudes Differ within the Group of Entrepreneurs? The Role of Motivation and Procedural Utility. Journal of Small Business Management 53: 183–206.Bögenhold, Dieter. 2019. From Hybrid Entrepreneurs to Entrepreneurial Billionaires: Observations on the Socioeconomic Heterogeneity of Self-Employment. American Behavioral Scientist 63: 129–46.Brice, Jeff. 2004. The Role of Personality Dimensions on the Formation of Entrepreneurial Intentions. San Francisco: Academia, Available online: https://www.academia.edu/32255175/ (accessed on 1 September 2020).Caliendo, Marco, Maximilian Goethner, and Martin Weißenberger. 2020. Entrepreneurial Persistence beyond Survival: Measurement and Determinants. Journal of Small Business Management 58: 617–47.Cardon, Melissa S., Cheryl Mitteness, and Richard Sudek. 2017. Motivational Cues and Angel Investing: Interactions among Enthusiasm, Preparedness, and Commitment. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 41: 1057–85.Carsrud, Alan, and Malin Brännback. 2011. Entrepreneurial Motivations: What Do We Still Need to Know? Journal of Small Business Management 49: 9–26.Chen, Chao C., Patricia Gene Greene, and Ann Crick. 1998. Does Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Distinguish Entrepreneurs from Managers? Journal of Business Venturing 13: 295–316.Chen, Xiao-Ping, Xin Yao, and Suresh Kotha. 2009. Entrepreneur Passion and Preparedness in Business Plan Presentations: A Persuasion Analysis of Venture Capitalists’ Funding Decisions. The Academy of Management Journal 52: 199–214.Clark, Ken, and Stephen Drinkwater. 2010. Patterns of Ethnic Self-Employment in Time and Space: Evidence from British Census Microdata. Small Business Economics 34: 323–38.Collins, Christopher J., Paul J. Hanges, and Edwin A. Locke. 2004. The Relationship of Achievement Motivation to Entrepreneurial Behavior: A Meta-Analysis. Human Performance 17: 95–117.Colombia Migration. 2020. Distribución de venezolanos en Colombia 2020, Diciembre 31 [Distribution of Venezuelans in Colombia]. Migración Colombia. Available online: https://migracioncolombia.gov.co/infografias/distribucion-venezolanos-en-colombia-corte-a-31-de-diciembre. (accessed on 15 October 2021).Constant, Amelie, Yochanan Shachmurove, and Klaus F. Zimmermann. 2003. What Makes an Entrepreneur and Does It Pay? Native Men, Turks, and Other Migrants in Germany. IZA Working Paper No. 940. Available online: https://ftp.iza.org/dp940.pdf (accessed on 12 August 2021).Costa, Paul T., and Robert R. McCrae. 1992. Four Ways Five Factors Are Basic. Personality and Individual Differences 13: 653–65.Dabić, Marina, Bozidar Vlačić, Justin Paul, Leo-Paul Dana, Sreevas Sahasranamam, and Beata Glinka. 2020. Immigrant entrepreneurship: A review and research agenda. Journal of Business Research 113: 25–38.Das, J. P. 2008. Planning and Decision Making: Beware of Emotions and Illusions. The Journal of Entrepreneurship 17: 1–14.De Jorge Moreno, Justo, Leopoldo Laborda Castillo, and Elio De Zuani Masere. 2007. Influence of Entrepreneur Type, Region and Sector Effects on Business Self-Confidence: Empirical Evidence from Argentine Firms. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 19: 25–48.De Noble, Alex F., Dong Jung, and Sanford B. Ehrlich. 1999. Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy: The Development of a Measure and Its Relationship to Entrepreneurial Action. Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 1999: 73–87Elo, Maria, and Leo-Paul Dana. 2019. Embeddedness and entrepreneurial traditions: Entrepreneurship of Bukharian Jews in diaspora. Journal of Family Business Management.Elo, María, Florian A. Täuben, and Per Servais. 2022. Who is doing “transnational diaspora entrepreneurship”? Understanding formal identity and status. Journal of World Business 57: 101240.Elo, Maria, Susanne Sandberg, Per Servais, Rodrigo Basco, Allan Discua Cruz, Liesl Riddle, and Florian Täube. 2018. Advancing the views on migrant and diaspora entrepreneurs in international entrepreneurship. Journal of International Entrepreneurship 16: 119–33.Etemad, Hamid. 2017. Towards a conceptual multilayered framework of international entrepreneurship. Journal of International Entrepreneurship 15: 229–38.Falavigna, Greta, Roberto Ippoliti, and Alessandro Manello. 2019. Judicial Efficiency and Immigrant Entrepreneurs. Journal of Small Business Management 57: 421–49.Gedan, Benjamin N. 2017. Venezuelan Migration: Is the Western Hemisphere Prepared for a Refugee Crisis? SAIS Review of International Affairs 37: 57–64.Giacomin, Olivier, Jean-Luc Guyot, Frank Janssen, and Olivier Lohest. 2007. Novice Creators: Personal Identity and Push Pull Dynamics. IAG LSM Working Papers 07/10. Louvain: DIAL.pr Research Publications, Available online: https://dial.uclouvain.be/pr/boreal/object/boreal:18311González, José Delfín, and Douglas G. Campbell. 2018. Beyond the Enclave: Success Strategies of Immigrant Entrepreneurs. International Journal of Applied Management and Technology 17: 46–57.Gürol, Yonca, and Nuray Atsan. 2006. Entrepreneurial Characteristics amongst University Students: Some Insights for Entrepreneurship Education and Training in Turkey. Education + Training 48: 25–38.Harper, Stephen C. 2003. The McGraw-Hill Guide to Starting Your Own Business: A Step-by-Step Blueprint for the First-Time Entrepreneur. New York: McGraw Hill Professional. First published 1991.Harrison, R. T., and M. Hart. 1983. Factors Influencing New-Business Formation: A Case Study of Northern Ireland. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 15: 1395–1412.Herron, Lanny, and Harry J. Sapienza. 1992. The Entrepreneur and the Initiation of New Venture Launch Activities. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 17: 49–55.Hindle, Kevin, Kim Klyver, and Daniel F. Jennings. 2009. An “Informed” Intent Model: Incorporating Human Capital, Social Capital, and Gender Variables into the Theoretical Model of Entrepreneurial Intentions. In Understanding the Entrepreneurial Mind. Edited by Alan L. Carsrud and Malin Brännback. New York: Springer, pp. 35–50.Hipp, Lena, Janine Bernhardt, and Jutta Allmendinger. 2015. Institutions and the Prevalence of Nonstandard Employment. Socio-Economic Review 13: 351–77.Hmieleski, Keith M., and Andrew C. Corbett. 2008. The Contrasting Interaction Effects of Improvisational Behavior with Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy on New Venture Performance and Entrepreneur Work Satisfaction. Journal of Business Venturing 23: 482–96.Hogarth, Robin M., and Natalia Karelaia. 2012. Entrepreneurial Success and Failure: Confidence and Fallible Judgment. Organization Science 23: 1733–47.Holloway, Sarah L., and Helena Pimlott-Wilson. 2021. Solo Self-Employment, Entrepreneurial Subjectivity and the Security–Precarity Continuum: Evidence from Private Tutors in the Supplementary Education Industry. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 53: 1547–64.Jelinek, Mariann, and Joseph A. Litterer. 1995. Toward Entrepreneurial Organizations: Meeting Ambiguity with Engagement. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 19: 137–68.Keat, Ooi Yeng, Christopher Selvarajah, and Denny Meyer. 2011. Inclination towards Entrepreneurship among University Students: An Empirical Study of Malaysian University Students. International Journal of Business and Social Science 2: 206–20.Kern, Margaret L., Lizbeth Benson, Elizabeth A. Steinberg, and Laurence Steinberg. 2016. The EPOCH Measure of Adolescent Well-Being. Psychological Assessment 28: 586–97.Kirkwood, Jodyanne. 2009. Is a Lack of Self-confidence Hindering Women Entrepreneurs? International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship 1: 118–33.Köllinger, Philipp, and Maria Minniti. 2006. Not for Lack of Trying: American Entrepreneurship in Black and White. Small Business Economics 27: 59–79.Krueger, Norris F., and Deborah V. Brazeal. 1994. Entrepreneurial Potential and Potential Entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 18: 91–104.Levie, Jonathan. 2007. Immigration, In-Migration, Ethnicity and Entrepreneurship in the United Kingdom. Small Business Economics 28: 143–69.Li, Mingjun, Ya Liu, Lu Liu, and Zhenhong Wang. 2017. Proactive Personality and Innovative Work Behavior: The Mediating Effects of Affective States and Creative Self-Efficacy in Teachers. Current Psychology 36: 697–706.Liu, Cathy Yang, Ye Ling, and Feng Bo. 2019. Migrant entrepreneurship in China: Entrepreneurial transition and firm performance. Small Business Economics 52: 681–96.Loomes, Graham, and Robert Sugden. 1982. Regret Theory: An Alternative Theory of Rational Choice Under Uncertainty. The Economic Journal 92: 805–24.Luthans, Fred, Kyle W. Luthans, and Brett C. Luthans. 2004. Positive Psychological Capital: Beyond Human and Social Capital. Business Horizons 47: 45–50.Markman, Gideon D., Robert A. Baron, and David B. Balkin. 2005. Are Perseverance and Self-Efficacy Costless? Assessing Entrepreneurs’ Regretful Thinking. Journal of Organizational Behavior 26: 1–19.Martín-Montaner, Joan, Guadalupe Serrano-Domingo, and Francisco Requena-Silvente. 2018. Networks and Self-Employed Migrants. Small Business Economics 51: 735–55.Mazuera-Arias, Rina, Neida Albornoz-Arias, María-Antonia Cuberos, Marisela Vivas-García, and Miguel Ángel Morffe Peraza. 2020. Sociodemographic Profiles and the Causes of Regular Venezuelan Emigration. International Migration 58: 164–82.McClelland, David C. 1961. The Achieving Society. Princeton: Van Nostrand.McClelland, David C. 1987. Characteristics of Successful Entrepreneurs. The Journal of Creative Behavior 21: 219–33.McGee, Jeffrey E., Mark Peterson, Stephen L. Mueller, and Jennifer M. Sequeira. 2009. Entrepreneurial Self–Efficacy: Refining the Measure. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 33: 965–88.Mijares, Víctor M., and Nastassja Rojas Silva. 2018. Venezuelan Migration Crisis Puts the Region’s Democratic Governability at Risk. GIGA Focus Lateinamerika. Hamburg: GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies-Leibniz-Institut für Globale und Regionale Studien, Institut für Lateinamerika-Studien, vol. 6.Minto-Coy, Indiana D. 2019. From the periphery to the centre: Start-up and growth strategies for minority diaspora entrepreneurs. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business 36: 189–215.National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE). 2020. Mercado Laboral por Departamentos. Informe técnico [Labor Market by Department. Technical Report]. Available online: https://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/estadisticas-por-tema/mercado-laboral/mercado-laboral-por-departamentos (accessed on 10 July 2021).Navarro, José Ruiz, Carmen Carmelo Ordaz, and Alicia Coduras Martínez. 2012. Mujer y desafío emprendedor en España: Características y determinantes. [Women and entrepreneurial challenge in Spain: Characteristics and determining factors]. Economía Industrial 383: 13–22.Paturel, Robert. 1997. Pratique du Management Stratégique. [Practice of Strategic Management]. Grenoble: Presses Universitaires de Grenoble.Paz Marcano, Annherys Isabel, Jesús Alberto Salón Crespo, Jesús García Guiliany, and Horacio Bienvenido Suárez Barros. 2020. Perfil Emprendedor En La Formación Universitaria Venezolana. [Entrepreneurial Profile in Venezuelan University Education]. Revista de Ciencias Sociales XXVI: 161–74.Pulgarín Molina, Sergio Andrés, and Marleny Cardona Acevedo. 2011. Caracterización del comportamiento emprendedor para los estudiantes de Administración de la Universidad del Rosario. [Characterization of entrepreneurial behavior for Management students at Universidad del Rosario]. Revista EAN, 22–39.R4V. 2021. Refugiados y Migrantes de Venezuela. [Venezuelan Migrants and Refugees]. Figures as of 5 August 2021. Plataforma Regional de Coordinación Interagencial. Available online: https://www.r4v.info/es/refugiadosymigrantes (accessed on 5 September 2021).Rauch, Andreas, and Michael Frese. 2007. Let’s Put the Person Back into Entrepreneurship Research: A Meta-Analysis on the Relationship between Business Owners’ Personality Traits, Business Creation, and Success. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology 16: 353–85.Schmitt, Antje, Kathrin Rosing, Stephen X. Zhang, and Michael Leatherbee. 2018. A Dynamic Model of Entrepreneurial Uncertainty and Business Opportunity Identification: Exploration as a Mediator and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy as a Moderator. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 42: 835–59.Schøtt, Thomas. 2018. Entrepreneurial Pursuits in the Caribbean Diaspora: Networks and Their Mixed Effects. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 30: 1069–90.Schultz, Theodore W. 1980. Investment in Entrepreneurial Ability. The Scandinavian Journal of Economics 82: 437–48.Semana. 2020. Emprendimiento de los migrantes venezolanos en Colombia [Enterprises of Venezuelan migrants in Colombia. Observatory of the Venezuelan Migration Project]. Bogotá: USAID, Semana, AcdiVoca, Semana Rural, Available online: https://migravenezuela.com/web/articulo/emprendimientos-venezolanos-en-colombia/2055 (accessed on 18 October 2021).Shane, Scott Andrew. 2003. A General Theory of Entrepreneurship: The Individual-Opportunity Nexus. Cheltenham: E. Elgar.Shane, Scott, and Sankaran Venkataraman. 2000. The Promise of Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research. The Academy of Management Review 25: 217–26.Shane, Scott, Edwin A. Locke, and Christopher J. Collins. 2003. Entrepreneurial Motivation. Human Resource Management Review 13: 257–79.Shinnar, Rachel S., and Cheri A. Young. 2008. Hispanic Immigrant Entrepreneurs in the Las Vegas Metropolitan Area: Motivations for Entry into and Outcomes of Self-Employment. Journal of Small Business Management 46: 242–62.Shinnar, Rachel S., and Dilek Zamantılı nayır. 2019. Immigrant Entrepreneurship in an Emerging Economy: The Case of Turkey. Journal of Small Business Management 57: 559–75.Silva Oliveira, Maria de Fatima, and Juan Carlos García Iglesias. 2012. El Inmigrante Transnacional y la Conducta Emprendedora. [Transnational immigrants and entrepreneurial behavior]. Revista Capital Científico-Eletrônica 10: 94–109.Simón-Moya, Virginia, Lorenzo Revuelto-Taboada, and Domingo Ribeiro-Soriano. 2016. Influence of Economic Crisis on New SME Survival: Reality or Fiction? Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 28: 157–76.Solf Zárate, Arturo. 2006. Motivación Intrínseca Laboral y su relación con las variables de personalidad Orientación a la Meta y Tesón. [Intrinsic Work Motivation and its relationship with the personality variables Goal Orientation and Tenacity]. Persona 9: 111–26.Soltwisch, Brandon William. 2021. When the Quest for the Best Pays Off: How Maximising Entrepreneurs Improve Performance by Creating Entrepreneurial and Market Oriented Businesses. The Journal of Entrepreneurship 30: 223–48.Stephan, Ute, Karoline Strauss, Dominika Wach, and Marjan Gorgievski. 2016. How Entrepreneurs Influence Employees’ Job Satisfaction: The Double- Edged Sword of Proactivity. Academy of Management Proceedings 2016: 11882.Stephan, Ute, Mark Hart, Tomasz Mickiewicz, and Christian Drews. 2015. Understanding Motivations for Entrepreneurship. BIS Research Paper No. 212. London: Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, Aston Business School, Available online: http://publications.aston.ac.uk/id/eprint/25172/1/Understanding_motivations_for_entrepreneurship.pdf (accessed on 1 August 2021).Tienda, Marta, and Rebeca Raijman. 2004. Promoting Hispanic Immigrant Entrepreneurship in Chicago. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 9: 1–22.Triana, Armando R., Harold P. Welsch, and Earl C. Young. 1984. Information Search Patterns among Hispanic Entrepreneurs. Journal of Small Business Management 22: 39–48.Tubadji, Annie, Elvira Fetahu, Peter Nijkamp, and Timothy Hinks. 2020. Network Survival Strategies of Migrant Entrepreneurs in Large Cities: Analysis of Albanian Firms in Milan. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 32: 852–78.United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). 2020. Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2019-World. ReliefWeb. Available online: https://reliefweb.int/report/world/global-trends-forced-displacement-2019 (accessed on 1 June 2021).Van Praag, Mirjam, and Jan Salomón Cramer. 2001. The Roots of Entrepreneurship and Labour Demand: Individual Ability and Low Risk Aversion. Economica 68: 45–62.Veciana, José M., Marinés Aponte, and David Urbano. 2005. University Students’ Attitudes towards Entrepreneurship: A Two Countries Comparison. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal 1: 165–82.Wood, Robert, and Albert Bandura. 1989. Social Cognitive Theory of Organizational Management. Academy of Management Review 14: 361–84.Yitshaki, Ronit, and Fredric Kropp. 2016. Motivations and Opportunity Recognition of Social Entrepreneurs. Small Business Management 54: 546–65.Zhao, Hao, Scott E. Seibert, and Gerald E. Hills. 2005. The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy in the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Applied Psychology 90: 1265–72.Gómez, Juranis, Medina Gilberto, and Maza Fransico. 2020. La migración y su relación con el emprendimiento: Una revisión sistemática. [Migration and its relationship with entrepreneurship: A systematic review]. Revista de Jóvenes Investigadores Ad Valorem 3: 68–83.LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-8381https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/1abfdb00-978d-4b86-8754-d3bffced478b/download733bec43a0bf5ade4d97db708e29b185MD53ORIGINALPDF.pdfPDF.pdfPDFapplication/pdf716260https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/f8300e50-46f3-4b9f-acb3-9dd8782341f9/download6c94b4691b54688a7738a1d33df9ee2aMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8805https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/73724786-1ca4-4f90-8bd1-06741f4137c6/download4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347MD52TEXT2022_MDPI_Self-Confidence of Venezuelan.pdf.txt2022_MDPI_Self-Confidence of Venezuelan.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain93654https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/9fd3b014-d8d7-411b-bbdf-ab2f0da8d384/downloadcca4f9744792984cbda8564cfb1a6a06MD54PDF.pdf.txtPDF.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain93654https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/7660ae5c-2afc-41f5-bef1-cb0afbe37994/downloadcca4f9744792984cbda8564cfb1a6a06MD56THUMBNAIL2022_MDPI_Self-Confidence of Venezuelan.pdf.jpg2022_MDPI_Self-Confidence of Venezuelan.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg5584https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/f5a4afb2-d1b9-4023-a82c-4c615a3914f9/downloade33aaa7685681a895e263bd0dc3c71d4MD55PDF.pdf.jpgPDF.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg5584https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/4c735802-7b0e-4a94-945e-bf27c03f1cd7/downloade33aaa7685681a895e263bd0dc3c71d4MD5720.500.12442/11436oai:bonga.unisimon.edu.co:20.500.12442/114362024-08-14 21:54:08.561http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacionalopen.accesshttps://bonga.unisimon.edu.coRepositorio Digital Universidad Simón Bolívarrepositorio.digital@unisimon.edu.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 |