The importance of health spending in the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) population from Norte de Santander, Colombia

Introduction. The article analyzes whether health is among the three main expenditures that a household al locates from its income in the population at the base of the pyramid (BoP) and whether or not there is an asso ciation with people belonging to different socioeconomic levels in the department...

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Autores:
Contreras-Velásquez, Julio C.
García-Navarro, Jorge Isaac
Contreras Velásquez, Zaida Rocío
Londoño Arias, José Alban
Albornoz, Neida
Rosario-Cohen, Miguel
Torres, Maritza
Angarita, Lissé
García-Pacheco, Henry
Bermúdez, Valmore
Tipo de recurso:
Fecha de publicación:
2022
Institución:
Universidad Simón Bolívar
Repositorio:
Repositorio Digital USB
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:bonga.unisimon.edu.co:20.500.12442/13147
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/13147
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7607716
Palabra clave:
Base of the pyramid
Socioeconomic level
Health spending
Health
Poverty
Base de la pirámide
Nivel socioeconómico
Gasto sanitario
Salud
Pobreza
Rights
openAccess
License
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
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dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv The importance of health spending in the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) population from Norte de Santander, Colombia
dc.title.translated.spa.fl_str_mv La importancia del gasto en salud en la población de la Base de la Pirámide (BoP) de Norte de Santander, Colombia
title The importance of health spending in the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) population from Norte de Santander, Colombia
spellingShingle The importance of health spending in the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) population from Norte de Santander, Colombia
Base of the pyramid
Socioeconomic level
Health spending
Health
Poverty
Base de la pirámide
Nivel socioeconómico
Gasto sanitario
Salud
Pobreza
title_short The importance of health spending in the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) population from Norte de Santander, Colombia
title_full The importance of health spending in the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) population from Norte de Santander, Colombia
title_fullStr The importance of health spending in the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) population from Norte de Santander, Colombia
title_full_unstemmed The importance of health spending in the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) population from Norte de Santander, Colombia
title_sort The importance of health spending in the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) population from Norte de Santander, Colombia
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Contreras-Velásquez, Julio C.
García-Navarro, Jorge Isaac
Contreras Velásquez, Zaida Rocío
Londoño Arias, José Alban
Albornoz, Neida
Rosario-Cohen, Miguel
Torres, Maritza
Angarita, Lissé
García-Pacheco, Henry
Bermúdez, Valmore
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Contreras-Velásquez, Julio C.
García-Navarro, Jorge Isaac
Contreras Velásquez, Zaida Rocío
Londoño Arias, José Alban
Albornoz, Neida
Rosario-Cohen, Miguel
Torres, Maritza
Angarita, Lissé
García-Pacheco, Henry
Bermúdez, Valmore
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Base of the pyramid
Socioeconomic level
Health spending
Health
Poverty
topic Base of the pyramid
Socioeconomic level
Health spending
Health
Poverty
Base de la pirámide
Nivel socioeconómico
Gasto sanitario
Salud
Pobreza
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Base de la pirámide
Nivel socioeconómico
Gasto sanitario
Salud
Pobreza
description Introduction. The article analyzes whether health is among the three main expenditures that a household al locates from its income in the population at the base of the pyramid (BoP) and whether or not there is an asso ciation with people belonging to different socioeconomic levels in the department of Norte de Santander, Colombia. Methods. The data analyzed come from a questionnaire applied to a sample of 2,394 households in the Norte de Santander region (Colombia), which were classified by socio-economic levels through the construction of a global synthetic index that, through scales, allows households to be segmented by poverty conditions, from the most in tense poverty condition to the most favorable non-poverty condition respectively, resulting in 1,521 households at the Base of the Pyramid. Results. The findings show that for BoP households, health expenditures are presented in the highest proportion of the total sample, with a value of 15.51%, while in the middle class only 10.64% of house holds included health expenditures among the top three and the upper class 8.96%. Likewise, the categories of expenditure that are associated with the different socio economic levels are housing, public services, health, and education. Conclusions. Although the income level of the study population is low, it can be inferred that the BoP households surveyed in the region of Norte de Santander, Colombia, health expenditures are presented in the highest proportion of the total sample, with a value of 15.51%, while in the middle class only 10.64% of households included health expenditures among the top three, and the upper class 8.96%.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2022
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2023-08-16T19:36:40Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2023-08-16T19:36:40Z
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dc.type.driver.eng.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.spa.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo científico
dc.identifier.citation.eng.fl_str_mv Julio C. Contreras-Velásquez, Jorge Isaac García-Navarro, Zaida Rocío Contreras Velasquez, José Alban Londoño Arias, Neida Albornoz, Miguel Rosario-Cohen, Maritza Torres, Lissé Angarita, Henry Garcia-Pacheco, & Valmore Bermúdez. (2023). The importance of health spending in the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) population from Norte de Santander, Colombia. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7607716
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv 26107996
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/13147
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7607716
identifier_str_mv Julio C. Contreras-Velásquez, Jorge Isaac García-Navarro, Zaida Rocío Contreras Velasquez, José Alban Londoño Arias, Neida Albornoz, Miguel Rosario-Cohen, Maritza Torres, Lissé Angarita, Henry Garcia-Pacheco, & Valmore Bermúdez. (2023). The importance of health spending in the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) population from Norte de Santander, Colombia. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7607716
26107996
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/13147
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7607716
dc.language.iso.eng.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.*.fl_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
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dc.rights.accessrights.eng.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv pdf
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Sociedad Latinoamericana de Hipertensión
dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertensión
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Vol. 17, No. 7 (2022)
institution Universidad Simón Bolívar
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spelling Contreras-Velásquez, Julio C.6b687042-f00c-45b9-84b7-a302c45e27ceGarcía-Navarro, Jorge Isaac4613401d-3ee2-4ee7-a2b0-a7f58abc1068Contreras Velásquez, Zaida Rocío8c669956-449b-477c-a97c-efbd851f4121Londoño Arias, José Alban09b33a21-1649-482b-aad5-207de9258625Albornoz, Neidae4a7aad6-4495-44d3-ab63-fb99363bd0c0Rosario-Cohen, Miguel5b23087b-2621-4bac-a3da-bca2061342d8Torres, Maritza4a2fb4bf-1dad-4c34-9d52-0b205b381716Angarita, Lissécd37d36e-0d41-457f-9dc8-1ed5b9201b16García-Pacheco, Henry784e8766-d84b-4be0-8e05-ed7c7b86b393Bermúdez, Valmore29f9aa18-16a4-4fd3-8ce5-ed94a0b8663a2023-08-16T19:36:40Z2023-08-16T19:36:40Z2022Julio C. Contreras-Velásquez, Jorge Isaac García-Navarro, Zaida Rocío Contreras Velasquez, José Alban Londoño Arias, Neida Albornoz, Miguel Rosario-Cohen, Maritza Torres, Lissé Angarita, Henry Garcia-Pacheco, & Valmore Bermúdez. (2023). The importance of health spending in the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) population from Norte de Santander, Colombia. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.760771626107996https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/13147https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7607716Introduction. The article analyzes whether health is among the three main expenditures that a household al locates from its income in the population at the base of the pyramid (BoP) and whether or not there is an asso ciation with people belonging to different socioeconomic levels in the department of Norte de Santander, Colombia. Methods. The data analyzed come from a questionnaire applied to a sample of 2,394 households in the Norte de Santander region (Colombia), which were classified by socio-economic levels through the construction of a global synthetic index that, through scales, allows households to be segmented by poverty conditions, from the most in tense poverty condition to the most favorable non-poverty condition respectively, resulting in 1,521 households at the Base of the Pyramid. Results. The findings show that for BoP households, health expenditures are presented in the highest proportion of the total sample, with a value of 15.51%, while in the middle class only 10.64% of house holds included health expenditures among the top three and the upper class 8.96%. Likewise, the categories of expenditure that are associated with the different socio economic levels are housing, public services, health, and education. Conclusions. Although the income level of the study population is low, it can be inferred that the BoP households surveyed in the region of Norte de Santander, Colombia, health expenditures are presented in the highest proportion of the total sample, with a value of 15.51%, while in the middle class only 10.64% of households included health expenditures among the top three, and the upper class 8.96%.Introducción. El artículo analiza si la salud se encuentra entre los tres principales gastos que un hogar destina de sus ingresos en la población de la base de la pirámide (BdP) y si existe o no una asociación con personas pertenecientes a diferentes niveles socioeconómicos en el departamento de Norte de Santander, Colombia. Métodos. Los datos anali zados provienen de un cuestionario aplicado a una mues tra de 2.394 hogares de la región de Norte de Santander (Colombia), los cuales fueron clasificados p or n iveles s o cioeconómicos mediante la construcción de un índice sin tético global que, a través de escalas, permitió segmentar los hogares por condiciones de pobreza, desde la condición de pobreza más intensa hasta la condición de no pobreza más favorable. Resultados. 1.521 hogares se ubicaron en la Base de la Pirámide. Los hallazgos muestran que, para los hogares de la BdP, los gastos en salud se presentan en la mayor proporción del total de la muestra, con un valor de 15.51%, mientras que en la clase media sólo el 10.64% de los hogares incluyó los gastos en salud entre los tres princi pales, y la clase alta el 8.96%. Asimismo, las categorías de gasto que se asocian a los distintos niveles socioeconómicos son vivienda, servicios públicos, salud y educación. Con clusiones. A pesar que el nivel de ingresos de la población de estudio es bajo, se puede inferir que los hogares de la BoP encuestados en la región de Norte de Santander, Colombia, los gastos en salud se presentan en mayor proporción del total de la muestra, con un valor de 15,51%, mientras que en la clase media sólo el 10,64% de los hogares incluyeron los gastos de salud entre los tres principales, y la clase alta el 8,96%.pdfengSociedad Latinoamericana de HipertensiónAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Revista Latinoamericana de HipertensiónVol. 17, No. 7 (2022)Base of the pyramidSocioeconomic levelHealth spendingHealthPovertyBase de la pirámideNivel socioeconómicoGasto sanitarioSaludPobrezaThe importance of health spending in the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) population from Norte de Santander, ColombiaLa importancia del gasto en salud en la población de la Base de la Pirámide (BoP) de Norte de Santander, Colombiainfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleArtículo científicohttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Yunus M. 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Fortune at the bottom of the pyramid, the: Eradicating poverty through profits: Revised and updated 5th anniversary edition. Wharton School Publishing; 2010.Prahalad CK. La Oportunidad de Negocios en la Base de la Pirámide: Un Modelo de Negocio Rentable, Que Sirve A las Comunidades Mas Pobres. Grupo Editorial Norma; 2005.Thakur R. Community marketing: serving the base of the economic pyramid sustainably. J Bus Strategy [Internet]. 2015;36(4):40–7. Avail- able at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbs-04-2014-0041Guesalaga R, Marshall P. Purchasing power at the bottom of the pyramid: differences across geographic regions and income tiers. J Consum Mark [Internet]. 2008;25(7):413–8. Available at: http://dx.doi. org/10.1108/07363760810915626Kempson E. Life on a low income. York, England: Joseph Rowntree Foundation; 1996.Daly M, Leonard M. Against All Odds: Family Life on a Low Income in Ireland. Dublin: Combat Poverty Agency; 2002Andreasen AR. The Disadvantaged Consumer. New York, NY, Estados Unidos de América: Free Press; 1975.Chikweche T, Fletcher R. Understanding factors that influence purchases in subsistence markets. J Bus Res [Internet]. 2010;63(6):643– 50. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.04.024Van der Burg E, de Leeuw J, Verdegaal R. Homogeneity analysis with sets of variables: An alternating least squares method with optimal scaling features. Psychometrika [Internet]. 1988;53(2):177–97. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02294131Vyas S, Kumaranayake L. Constructing socio-economic status indices: how to use principal components analysis. Health Policy Plan [Internet]. 2006;21(6):459–68. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ heapol/czl029Kolenikov S, Angeles G. Socioeconomic status measurement with discrete proxy variables: Is principal component analysis a reliable answer? Rev Income Wealth [Internet]. 2009;55(1):128–65. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.2008.00309.xKhudri MM, Chowdhury F. 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Buenos Aires: ASET; 2001. p. 1 24.Gómez PS. Construcción de estratos socioeconómicos en Paraguay: aplicación con análisis de componentes principales en R. Astrolabio. 2014;(12):422–47.Minujin A, Bang JH. Indicadores de inequidad social. Acerca del uso del” índice de bienes” para la distribución de los hogares. Desarrollo Económico. 2002;42(165):129 46.Loayza NV, Rancière R, Servén L, Ventura J. Macroeconomic volatility and welfare in developing countries: An introduction. World Bank Econ Rev [Internet]. 2007;21(3):343–57. Available at: http://dx.doi. org/10.1093/wber/lhm017Loayza NV, Rancière R, Servén L, Ventura J. Macroeconomic volatility and welfare in developing countries: An introduction. World Bank Econ Rev [Internet]. 2007;21(3):343–57. Available at: http://dx.doi. org/10.1093/wber/lhm017Vélez EC, Moreno H. Metodología estadística del modelo de ponderaciones del sistema de selección de beneficiarios de programas sociales SISBEN. 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Revista venezolana de análisis de coyuntura. 2000;121 42.ORIGINALPDF.pdfPDF.pdfPDFapplication/pdf965770https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/0ab48f78-9030-401d-8c20-a57472d7718f/download7af645bc3d812d0f6900531d2511fea4MD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8805https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/1b432e5b-fbc4-46a2-b516-eb6d67ae6cb0/download4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347MD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-8381https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/e2e56d4b-2a22-41aa-b729-f14c7198b851/download733bec43a0bf5ade4d97db708e29b185MD53TEXT05_2022_GC_ART_The Importance of health.pdf.txt05_2022_GC_ART_The Importance of health.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain45480https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/0d7d3f84-5d51-429d-8e2f-e57aeb3fcd5e/download8be5478232da0b68e68be5decb0f4f24MD54PDF.pdf.txtPDF.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain45480https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/e4bf3d1f-283a-492c-9272-23d071356e5e/download8be5478232da0b68e68be5decb0f4f24MD56THUMBNAIL05_2022_GC_ART_The Importance of health.pdf.jpg05_2022_GC_ART_The Importance of health.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg5918https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/3dc30786-184e-466e-b112-89b2a0be1071/download96c0ecc7f182038fff69e7d860211506MD55PDF.pdf.jpgPDF.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg5918https://bonga.unisimon.edu.co/bitstreams/fe824537-819d-4510-ad85-26813f57c635/download96c0ecc7f182038fff69e7d860211506MD5720.500.12442/13147oai:bonga.unisimon.edu.co:20.500.12442/131472024-08-14 21:53:33.927http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacionalopen.accesshttps://bonga.unisimon.edu.coRepositorio Digital Universidad Simón Bolívarrepositorio.digital@unisimon.edu.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