Extracorporeal Photopheresis as a Treatment for Patients with Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Real-World Data at a Reference Cancer Center in Colombia.

La fotoféresis extracorpórea (FEC) es una terapia innovadora, con beneficio clínico y baja toxicidad para pacientes con linfomas cutáneos de células T (CTCL) en estadios avanzados. La FEC Está disponible en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología en Bogotá, Colombia desde 2016, siendo el único disposi...

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Autores:
Toquica, Alejandra
Enciso, Leonardo
Rueda, Xavier
Diaz, Martha
Tipo de recurso:
Trabajo de grado de pregrado
Fecha de publicación:
2019
Institución:
Universidad Militar Nueva Granada
Repositorio:
Repositorio UMNG
Idioma:
spa
OAI Identifier:
oai:repository.unimilitar.edu.co:10654/37417
Acceso en línea:
http://hdl.handle.net/10654/37417
Palabra clave:
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Mycosis fungoides
Sésary syndrome
Extracorporeal photopheresis
Real-world use
Neoplasias Cutáneas
Linfoma Cutáneo
Fotoféresis
Linfoma Cutáneo de Células T
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Mycosis fungoides
Sésary syndrome
Extracorporeal photopheresis
Real-world use
Rights
openAccess
License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
id UNIMILTAR2_ede64d2fb7266208e0f196a07ad966b8
oai_identifier_str oai:repository.unimilitar.edu.co:10654/37417
network_acronym_str UNIMILTAR2
network_name_str Repositorio UMNG
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Extracorporeal Photopheresis as a Treatment for Patients with Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Real-World Data at a Reference Cancer Center in Colombia.
dc.title.translated.spa.fl_str_mv Extracorporeal photopheresis as a treatment for patients with cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Real-World Data at a Reference cáncer center in Colombia.
title Extracorporeal Photopheresis as a Treatment for Patients with Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Real-World Data at a Reference Cancer Center in Colombia.
spellingShingle Extracorporeal Photopheresis as a Treatment for Patients with Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Real-World Data at a Reference Cancer Center in Colombia.
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Mycosis fungoides
Sésary syndrome
Extracorporeal photopheresis
Real-world use
Neoplasias Cutáneas
Linfoma Cutáneo
Fotoféresis
Linfoma Cutáneo de Células T
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Mycosis fungoides
Sésary syndrome
Extracorporeal photopheresis
Real-world use
title_short Extracorporeal Photopheresis as a Treatment for Patients with Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Real-World Data at a Reference Cancer Center in Colombia.
title_full Extracorporeal Photopheresis as a Treatment for Patients with Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Real-World Data at a Reference Cancer Center in Colombia.
title_fullStr Extracorporeal Photopheresis as a Treatment for Patients with Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Real-World Data at a Reference Cancer Center in Colombia.
title_full_unstemmed Extracorporeal Photopheresis as a Treatment for Patients with Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Real-World Data at a Reference Cancer Center in Colombia.
title_sort Extracorporeal Photopheresis as a Treatment for Patients with Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Real-World Data at a Reference Cancer Center in Colombia.
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Toquica, Alejandra
Enciso, Leonardo
Rueda, Xavier
Diaz, Martha
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Enciso, Leonardo
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Toquica, Alejandra
Enciso, Leonardo
Rueda, Xavier
Diaz, Martha
dc.subject.keywords.spa.fl_str_mv Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Mycosis fungoides
Sésary syndrome
Extracorporeal photopheresis
Real-world use
topic Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Mycosis fungoides
Sésary syndrome
Extracorporeal photopheresis
Real-world use
Neoplasias Cutáneas
Linfoma Cutáneo
Fotoféresis
Linfoma Cutáneo de Células T
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Mycosis fungoides
Sésary syndrome
Extracorporeal photopheresis
Real-world use
dc.subject.decs.spa.fl_str_mv Neoplasias Cutáneas
Linfoma Cutáneo
Fotoféresis
Linfoma Cutáneo de Células T
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Mycosis fungoides
Sésary syndrome
Extracorporeal photopheresis
Real-world use
description La fotoféresis extracorpórea (FEC) es una terapia innovadora, con beneficio clínico y baja toxicidad para pacientes con linfomas cutáneos de células T (CTCL) en estadios avanzados. La FEC Está disponible en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología en Bogotá, Colombia desde 2016, siendo el único dispositivo en el país. El objetivo de este estudio es generar evidencia del mundo real, describiendo los resultados de los pacientes tratados con FEC mediante un análisis descriptivo de las características de la población, los resultados del tratamiento en términos de respuesta y supervivencia, y las complicaciones asociadas. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo de serie de casos, que incluyó a pacientes diagnosticados de MF y SS eritrodérmicos, tratados con fotoféresis extracorpórea siguiendo protocolos institucionales. Se realizaron 616 sesiones de FEC en 17 pacientes, la tasa de respuesta global (ORR) se obtuvo en dieciséis pacientes (64,7%), con una respuesta parcial (PR) en nueve pacientes (52,9%) y una respuesta completa (CR) en dos pacientes (11,8%). Las tasas de respuesta mejoraron cuando se combinaron con terapias complementarias. La reducción de la mediana mSWAT fue de 98 puntos y la reducción de la mediana de VASP fue de 4 puntos en la escala visual análoga. No se alcanzó la mediana de supervivencia para todo el grupo medida desde el inicio del tratamiento hasta la muerte (IC del 95%: 859-NA). La probabilidad de supervivencia a los 12 meses fue del 82% (IC del 95%: 66-100%). Las complicaciones ocurrieron en el 2% de las sesiones realizadas, la mayoría relacionadas con dificultades en el acceso venoso. La FEC debe considerarse como una terapia de primera línea para la MF / SS eritrodérmica basada no solo en la eficacia y el excelente perfil de efectos secundarios, sino también en la mejora significativa de los síntomas.
publishDate 2019
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2019-08-16
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2021-02-22T16:27:01Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2021-02-22T16:27:01Z
dc.type.local.spa.fl_str_mv Tesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Especialización
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.coar.*.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10654/37417
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv instname:Universidad Militar Nueva Granada
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad Militar Nueva Granada
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv repourl:https://repository.unimilitar.edu.co
url http://hdl.handle.net/10654/37417
identifier_str_mv instname:Universidad Militar Nueva Granada
reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad Militar Nueva Granada
repourl:https://repository.unimilitar.edu.co
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv Edelson, R., et al., Treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma by extracorporeal photochemotherapy. Preliminary results. N Engl J Med, 1987. 316(6): p. 297-303.
Cho, A., C. Jantschitsch, and R. Knobler, Extracorporeal Photopheresis-An Overview. Front Med (Lausanne), 2018. 5: p. 236.
Perotti, C. and I. Sniecinski, A concise review on extracorporeal photochemotherapy: Where we began and where we are now and where are we going! Transfus Apher Sci, 2015. 52(3): p. 360-8.
Phan, A., R. Veldman, and M.J. Lechowicz, T-cell Lymphoma Epidemiology: the Known and Unknown. Curr Hematol Malig Rep, 2016. 11(6): p. 492-503.
Willemze, R., et al., The 2018 update of the WHO-EORTC classification for primary cutaneous lymphomas. Blood, 2019.
Korgavkar, K., M. Xiong, and M. Weinstock, Changing incidence trends of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. JAMA Dermatol, 2013. 149(11): p. 1295-9.
Olsen, E.A., et al., Clinical end points and response criteria in mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome: a consensus statement of the International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas, the United States Cutaneous Lymphoma Consortium, and the Cutaneous Lymphoma Task Force of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer. J Clin Oncol, 2011. 29(18): p. 2598-607.
Imam, M.H., et al., Incidence and survival patterns of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas in the United States. Leuk Lymphoma, 2013. 54(4): p. 752-9.
Olsen, E., et al., Revisions to the staging and classification of mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome: a proposal of the International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas (ISCL) and the cutaneous lymphoma task force of the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Blood, 2007. 110(6): p. 1713-22.
Agar, N.S., et al., Survival outcomes and prognostic factors in mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome: validation of the revised International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas/European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer staging proposal. J Clin Oncol, 2010. 28(31): p. 4730-9.
Jawed, S.I., et al., Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome): part II. Prognosis, management, and future directions. J Am Acad Dermatol, 2014. 70(2): p. 223.e1-17; quiz 240-2.
Photiou, L., et al., Systemic Treatment Options for Advanced-Stage Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome. Curr Oncol Rep, 2018. 20(4): p. 32.
Trautinger, F., et al., European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer consensus recommendations for the treatment of mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome - Update 2017. Eur J Cancer, 2017. 77: p. 57-74.
Hughes, C.F., et al., Lack of durable disease control with chemotherapy for mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome: a comparative study of systemic therapy. Blood, 2015. 125(1): p. 71-81.
Wilcox, R.A., Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: 2017 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management. Am J Hematol, 2017. 92(10): p. 1085-1102.
Zic, J.A., The treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with photopheresis. Dermatol Ther, 2003. 16(4): p. 337-46.
Larocca, C. and T. Kupper, Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome: An Update. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am, 2019. 33(1): p. 103-120.
Quaglino, P., et al., Global patterns of care in advanced stage mycosis fungoides/Sezary syndrome: a multicenter retrospective follow-up study from the Cutaneous Lymphoma International Consortium. Ann Oncol, 2017. 28(10): p. 2517-2525.
Zic, J.A., Extracorporeal Photopheresis in the Treatment of Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome. Dermatol Clin, 2015. 33(4): p. 765-76.
Ling, Y.L., et al., Real-world use of extracorporeal photopheresis for patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in the United States: 2010-2015. J Dermatolog Treat, 2020. 31(1): p. 91-98.
McKenna, K.E., et al., Evidence-based practice of photopheresis 1987-2001: a report of a workshop of the British Photodermatology Group and the U.K. Skin Lymphoma Group. Br J Dermatol, 2006. 154(1): p. 7-20.
Ratcliffe, N., et al., National Institutes of Health State of the Science Symposium in Therapeutic Apheresis: scientific opportunities in extracorporeal photopheresis. Transfus Med Rev, 2015. 29(1): p. 62-70.
NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Primary Cutaneous Lymphomas. Version 1.2021. October, 2020: https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/default.aspx.
Gilson, D., et al., British Association of Dermatologists and U.K. Cutaneous Lymphoma Group guidelines for the management of primary cutaneous lymphomas 2018. Br J Dermatol, 2019. 180(3): p. 496-526.
Papa, G., et al., Is interferon alpha in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma a treatment of choice? Br J Haematol, 1991. 79 Suppl 1: p. 48-51.
Aviles, A., et al., Interferon and low doses of methotrexate versus interferon and retinoids in the treatment of refractory/relapsed cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Hematology, 2015. 20(9): p. 538-42.
Scarisbrick, J.J., et al., U.K. consensus statement on the use of extracorporeal photopheresis for treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and chronic graft-versus-host disease. Br J Dermatol, 2008. 158(4): p. 659-78.
Duvic, M., N. Chiao, and R. Talpur, Extracorporeal photopheresis for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. J Cutan Med Surg, 2003. 7(4 Suppl): p. 3-7.
Raphael, B.A., et al., High clinical response rate of Sezary syndrome to immunomodulatory therapies: prognostic markers of response. Arch Dermatol, 2011. 147(12): p. 1410-5.
Olsen, E.A. and P.A. Bunn, Interferon in the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am, 1995. 9(5): p. 1089-107.
Heald, P., et al., Treatment of erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with extracorporeal photochemotherapy. J Am Acad Dermatol, 1992. 27(3): p. 427-33.
Gottlieb, S.L., et al., Treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with extracorporeal photopheresis monotherapy and in combination with recombinant interferon alfa: a 10-year experience at a single institution. J Am Acad Dermatol, 1996. 35(6): p. 946-57.
Zic, J.A., et al., Long-term follow-up of patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma treated with extracorporeal photochemotherapy. J Am Acad Dermatol, 1996. 35(6): p. 935-45.
Quaglino, P., et al., Extracorporeal photopheresis for the treatment of erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: a single center clinical experience with long-term follow-up data and a brief overview of the literature. Int J Dermatol, 2013. 52(11): p. 1308-18.
Bisaccia, E., E.C. Vonderheid, and L. Geskin, Safety of a new, single, integrated, closed photopheresis system in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Br J Dermatol, 2009. 161(1): p. 167-9.
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dc.coverage.spatial.spa.fl_str_mv Instituto Nacional de Cancerología
dc.coverage.temporal.spa.fl_str_mv octubre 2016 - Abril 2020
dc.coverage.sede.spa.fl_str_mv Medicina
dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv Dermatología Oncológica
dc.publisher.faculty.spa.fl_str_mv Facultad de Medicina
dc.publisher.grantor.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Militar Nueva Granada
institution Universidad Militar Nueva Granada
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spelling Enciso, LeonardoToquica, AlejandraEnciso, LeonardoRueda, XavierDiaz, MarthaEspecialista en Dermatología OncológicaInstituto Nacional de Cancerologíaoctubre 2016 - Abril 2020Medicina2021-02-22T16:27:01Z2021-02-22T16:27:01Z2019-08-16http://hdl.handle.net/10654/37417instname:Universidad Militar Nueva Granadareponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad Militar Nueva Granadarepourl:https://repository.unimilitar.edu.coLa fotoféresis extracorpórea (FEC) es una terapia innovadora, con beneficio clínico y baja toxicidad para pacientes con linfomas cutáneos de células T (CTCL) en estadios avanzados. La FEC Está disponible en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología en Bogotá, Colombia desde 2016, siendo el único dispositivo en el país. El objetivo de este estudio es generar evidencia del mundo real, describiendo los resultados de los pacientes tratados con FEC mediante un análisis descriptivo de las características de la población, los resultados del tratamiento en términos de respuesta y supervivencia, y las complicaciones asociadas. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo de serie de casos, que incluyó a pacientes diagnosticados de MF y SS eritrodérmicos, tratados con fotoféresis extracorpórea siguiendo protocolos institucionales. Se realizaron 616 sesiones de FEC en 17 pacientes, la tasa de respuesta global (ORR) se obtuvo en dieciséis pacientes (64,7%), con una respuesta parcial (PR) en nueve pacientes (52,9%) y una respuesta completa (CR) en dos pacientes (11,8%). Las tasas de respuesta mejoraron cuando se combinaron con terapias complementarias. La reducción de la mediana mSWAT fue de 98 puntos y la reducción de la mediana de VASP fue de 4 puntos en la escala visual análoga. No se alcanzó la mediana de supervivencia para todo el grupo medida desde el inicio del tratamiento hasta la muerte (IC del 95%: 859-NA). La probabilidad de supervivencia a los 12 meses fue del 82% (IC del 95%: 66-100%). Las complicaciones ocurrieron en el 2% de las sesiones realizadas, la mayoría relacionadas con dificultades en el acceso venoso. La FEC debe considerarse como una terapia de primera línea para la MF / SS eritrodérmica basada no solo en la eficacia y el excelente perfil de efectos secundarios, sino también en la mejora significativa de los síntomas.Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaBackground: Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is an innovative therapy. It excels in its clinical benefit and low toxicity for patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) in advanced stages. ECP is available at the “Instituto Nacional de Cancerología” (National Cancer Institute) in Bogotá, Colombia since 2016. This being currently the only device available in the country. The objective of this study is: to generate real- world evidence by describing the results of patients treated with ECP through a descriptive analysis of population characteristics, showcase the results of the treatment in terms of response and survival, and associated complications regarding said treatment. This is a case-series descriptive study, which included patients diagnosed with erythrodermic MF and SS treated with extracorporeal photopheresis following institutional protocols. Results: 616 ECP sessions were performed in 17 patients. Overall response rate (ORR) was obtained in sixteen patients (64,7%), with a partial response (PR) in nine patients (52,9%), and complete response (CR) in two patients (11.8%). Response rates improved when combined with adjunctive therapies. The median mSWAT reduction was 98 points and the median VASP reduction was 4 points on the analogous visual scale. Median survival for the entire group measured from the onset of treatment until death was not reached (95% CI: 859-NA). The 12-month survival probability was 82% (95% CI: 66-100%). Complications occurred in 2% of performed sessions, most related to difficulties in the venous access. Conclusion: ECP should be considered as first-line therapy for erythrodermic MF/SS based not only on its efficiency and excellent side effect profile but also on the significant improvement of the symptoms.Especializaciónapplicaction/pdfspahttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 InternationalAcceso abiertoExtracorporeal Photopheresis as a Treatment for Patients with Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Real-World Data at a Reference Cancer Center in Colombia.Extracorporeal photopheresis as a treatment for patients with cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Real-World Data at a Reference cáncer center in Colombia.Tesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Especializacióninfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesishttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fCutaneous T-cell lymphomaMycosis fungoidesSésary syndromeExtracorporeal photopheresisReal-world useNeoplasias CutáneasLinfoma CutáneoFotoféresisLinfoma Cutáneo de Células TCutaneous T-cell lymphomaMycosis fungoidesSésary syndromeExtracorporeal photopheresisReal-world useDermatología OncológicaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad Militar Nueva GranadaEdelson, R., et al., Treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma by extracorporeal photochemotherapy. Preliminary results. N Engl J Med, 1987. 316(6): p. 297-303.Cho, A., C. Jantschitsch, and R. Knobler, Extracorporeal Photopheresis-An Overview. Front Med (Lausanne), 2018. 5: p. 236.Perotti, C. and I. Sniecinski, A concise review on extracorporeal photochemotherapy: Where we began and where we are now and where are we going! Transfus Apher Sci, 2015. 52(3): p. 360-8.Phan, A., R. Veldman, and M.J. Lechowicz, T-cell Lymphoma Epidemiology: the Known and Unknown. Curr Hematol Malig Rep, 2016. 11(6): p. 492-503.Willemze, R., et al., The 2018 update of the WHO-EORTC classification for primary cutaneous lymphomas. Blood, 2019.Korgavkar, K., M. Xiong, and M. Weinstock, Changing incidence trends of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. JAMA Dermatol, 2013. 149(11): p. 1295-9.Olsen, E.A., et al., Clinical end points and response criteria in mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome: a consensus statement of the International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas, the United States Cutaneous Lymphoma Consortium, and the Cutaneous Lymphoma Task Force of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer. J Clin Oncol, 2011. 29(18): p. 2598-607.Imam, M.H., et al., Incidence and survival patterns of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas in the United States. Leuk Lymphoma, 2013. 54(4): p. 752-9.Olsen, E., et al., Revisions to the staging and classification of mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome: a proposal of the International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas (ISCL) and the cutaneous lymphoma task force of the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Blood, 2007. 110(6): p. 1713-22.Agar, N.S., et al., Survival outcomes and prognostic factors in mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome: validation of the revised International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas/European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer staging proposal. J Clin Oncol, 2010. 28(31): p. 4730-9.Jawed, S.I., et al., Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome): part II. Prognosis, management, and future directions. J Am Acad Dermatol, 2014. 70(2): p. 223.e1-17; quiz 240-2.Photiou, L., et al., Systemic Treatment Options for Advanced-Stage Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome. Curr Oncol Rep, 2018. 20(4): p. 32.Trautinger, F., et al., European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer consensus recommendations for the treatment of mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome - Update 2017. Eur J Cancer, 2017. 77: p. 57-74.Hughes, C.F., et al., Lack of durable disease control with chemotherapy for mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome: a comparative study of systemic therapy. Blood, 2015. 125(1): p. 71-81.Wilcox, R.A., Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: 2017 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management. Am J Hematol, 2017. 92(10): p. 1085-1102.Zic, J.A., The treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with photopheresis. Dermatol Ther, 2003. 16(4): p. 337-46.Larocca, C. and T. Kupper, Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome: An Update. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am, 2019. 33(1): p. 103-120.Quaglino, P., et al., Global patterns of care in advanced stage mycosis fungoides/Sezary syndrome: a multicenter retrospective follow-up study from the Cutaneous Lymphoma International Consortium. Ann Oncol, 2017. 28(10): p. 2517-2525.Zic, J.A., Extracorporeal Photopheresis in the Treatment of Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome. Dermatol Clin, 2015. 33(4): p. 765-76.Ling, Y.L., et al., Real-world use of extracorporeal photopheresis for patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in the United States: 2010-2015. J Dermatolog Treat, 2020. 31(1): p. 91-98.McKenna, K.E., et al., Evidence-based practice of photopheresis 1987-2001: a report of a workshop of the British Photodermatology Group and the U.K. Skin Lymphoma Group. Br J Dermatol, 2006. 154(1): p. 7-20.Ratcliffe, N., et al., National Institutes of Health State of the Science Symposium in Therapeutic Apheresis: scientific opportunities in extracorporeal photopheresis. Transfus Med Rev, 2015. 29(1): p. 62-70.NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Primary Cutaneous Lymphomas. Version 1.2021. October, 2020: https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/default.aspx.Gilson, D., et al., British Association of Dermatologists and U.K. Cutaneous Lymphoma Group guidelines for the management of primary cutaneous lymphomas 2018. Br J Dermatol, 2019. 180(3): p. 496-526.Papa, G., et al., Is interferon alpha in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma a treatment of choice? Br J Haematol, 1991. 79 Suppl 1: p. 48-51.Aviles, A., et al., Interferon and low doses of methotrexate versus interferon and retinoids in the treatment of refractory/relapsed cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Hematology, 2015. 20(9): p. 538-42.Scarisbrick, J.J., et al., U.K. consensus statement on the use of extracorporeal photopheresis for treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and chronic graft-versus-host disease. Br J Dermatol, 2008. 158(4): p. 659-78.Duvic, M., N. Chiao, and R. Talpur, Extracorporeal photopheresis for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. J Cutan Med Surg, 2003. 7(4 Suppl): p. 3-7.Raphael, B.A., et al., High clinical response rate of Sezary syndrome to immunomodulatory therapies: prognostic markers of response. Arch Dermatol, 2011. 147(12): p. 1410-5.Olsen, E.A. and P.A. Bunn, Interferon in the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. 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