Inmunoglobulina g intravenosa experiencia terapéutica en pacientes con necrolisis epidérmica tóxica y/o síndrome de Stevens Jonhson en Bogotá, Colombia
El síndrome de Stevens–Johnson (SSJ) y la necrólisis epidérmica tóxica (NET) son reacciones medicamentosas graves que forman parte de un mismo espectro de enfermedad. Ambas entidades se deben a la apoptosis masiva de queratinocitos. El objetivo del estudio fue describir los desenlaces clínicos con e...
- Autores:
-
Ibagón Pardo, Viviana del Pilar
Ordóñez Rubiano, María Fernanda
- Tipo de recurso:
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2019
- Institución:
- Universidad Militar Nueva Granada
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio UMNG
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repository.unimilitar.edu.co:10654/34911
- Acceso en línea:
- http://hdl.handle.net/10654/34911
- Palabra clave:
- NECROLISIS EPIDERMICA TOXICA
INMUNOGLOBULINA G INTRAVENOSA
SINDROME DE STEVENS JOHNSON
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Intravenous immunoglobulin
Stevens Johnson sindrome.
Management
Treatment
DERMATOLOGIA
NECROSIS
MANIFESTACIONES CUTANEAS DE ENFERMEDADES GENERALES
Necrólisis epidérmica tóxica
Inmunoglobulina G intravenosa
Síndrome de Stevens Johnson
Manejo
Tratamiento
- Rights
- License
- Derechos Reservados - Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, 2020
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UNIMILTAR2 |
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Repositorio UMNG |
repository_id_str |
|
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Inmunoglobulina g intravenosa experiencia terapéutica en pacientes con necrolisis epidérmica tóxica y/o síndrome de Stevens Jonhson en Bogotá, Colombia |
dc.title.translated.spa.fl_str_mv |
Intravenous g immunoglobulin therapeutic experience in patients with toxic epidermal necrolisis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome in Bogotá Colombia |
title |
Inmunoglobulina g intravenosa experiencia terapéutica en pacientes con necrolisis epidérmica tóxica y/o síndrome de Stevens Jonhson en Bogotá, Colombia |
spellingShingle |
Inmunoglobulina g intravenosa experiencia terapéutica en pacientes con necrolisis epidérmica tóxica y/o síndrome de Stevens Jonhson en Bogotá, Colombia NECROLISIS EPIDERMICA TOXICA INMUNOGLOBULINA G INTRAVENOSA SINDROME DE STEVENS JOHNSON Toxic epidermal necrolysis Intravenous immunoglobulin Stevens Johnson sindrome. Management Treatment DERMATOLOGIA NECROSIS MANIFESTACIONES CUTANEAS DE ENFERMEDADES GENERALES Necrólisis epidérmica tóxica Inmunoglobulina G intravenosa Síndrome de Stevens Johnson Manejo Tratamiento |
title_short |
Inmunoglobulina g intravenosa experiencia terapéutica en pacientes con necrolisis epidérmica tóxica y/o síndrome de Stevens Jonhson en Bogotá, Colombia |
title_full |
Inmunoglobulina g intravenosa experiencia terapéutica en pacientes con necrolisis epidérmica tóxica y/o síndrome de Stevens Jonhson en Bogotá, Colombia |
title_fullStr |
Inmunoglobulina g intravenosa experiencia terapéutica en pacientes con necrolisis epidérmica tóxica y/o síndrome de Stevens Jonhson en Bogotá, Colombia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Inmunoglobulina g intravenosa experiencia terapéutica en pacientes con necrolisis epidérmica tóxica y/o síndrome de Stevens Jonhson en Bogotá, Colombia |
title_sort |
Inmunoglobulina g intravenosa experiencia terapéutica en pacientes con necrolisis epidérmica tóxica y/o síndrome de Stevens Jonhson en Bogotá, Colombia |
dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Ibagón Pardo, Viviana del Pilar Ordóñez Rubiano, María Fernanda |
dc.contributor.advisor.spa.fl_str_mv |
Amador Patarroyo, Julio Roberto |
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv |
Ibagón Pardo, Viviana del Pilar Ordóñez Rubiano, María Fernanda |
dc.contributor.other.spa.fl_str_mv |
Amador Patarroyo, Julio Roberto Cortés Correa, Carolina |
dc.contributor.corporatename.spa.fl_str_mv |
Hospital Militar Central Bogotá, Colombia Hospital Universitario de la Samaritana Bogotá, Colombia Clínica el Country Bogotá, Colombia |
dc.subject.lemb.spa.fl_str_mv |
NECROLISIS EPIDERMICA TOXICA INMUNOGLOBULINA G INTRAVENOSA SINDROME DE STEVENS JOHNSON |
topic |
NECROLISIS EPIDERMICA TOXICA INMUNOGLOBULINA G INTRAVENOSA SINDROME DE STEVENS JOHNSON Toxic epidermal necrolysis Intravenous immunoglobulin Stevens Johnson sindrome. Management Treatment DERMATOLOGIA NECROSIS MANIFESTACIONES CUTANEAS DE ENFERMEDADES GENERALES Necrólisis epidérmica tóxica Inmunoglobulina G intravenosa Síndrome de Stevens Johnson Manejo Tratamiento |
dc.subject.keywords.spa.fl_str_mv |
Toxic epidermal necrolysis Intravenous immunoglobulin Stevens Johnson sindrome. Management Treatment |
dc.subject.decs.none.fl_str_mv |
DERMATOLOGIA NECROSIS MANIFESTACIONES CUTANEAS DE ENFERMEDADES GENERALES |
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Necrólisis epidérmica tóxica Inmunoglobulina G intravenosa Síndrome de Stevens Johnson Manejo Tratamiento |
description |
El síndrome de Stevens–Johnson (SSJ) y la necrólisis epidérmica tóxica (NET) son reacciones medicamentosas graves que forman parte de un mismo espectro de enfermedad. Ambas entidades se deben a la apoptosis masiva de queratinocitos. El objetivo del estudio fue describir los desenlaces clínicos con el tratamiento de inmunoglobulina G humana intravenosa (IgG-IV) en los pacientes diagnosticados con SSJ y/o NET tratados en 3 instituciones de Bogotá. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-11-06 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-02-25T18:06:21Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-02-25T18:06:21Z |
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis |
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f |
dc.type.local.spa.fl_str_mv |
Trabajo de grado |
dc.type.dcmi-type-vocabulary.spa.fl_str_mv |
Text |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10654/34911 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10654/34911 |
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
spa spa |
language |
spa |
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv |
1. Gupta LK, Martin AM, Agarwal N, D'Souza P, Das S, Kumar R, et al. Guidelines for the management of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis: An Indian perspective. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2016;82(6):603-25. 2. Barron SJ, Del Vecchio MT, Aronoff SC. Intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a meta-analysis with meta-regression of observational studies. Int J Dermatol. 2015;54(1):108-15. 3. Griffiths Ce, Barker JMDe, Bleiker Te, Chalmers Re, Creamer De, Rook ATod. Rook's Textbook of dermatology. Ninth edition. ed. 4. Tan SK, Tay YK. Profile and pattern of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in a general hospital in Singapore: treatment outcomes. Acta Derm Venereol. 2012;92(1):62-6. 5. Comparin C, Hans Filho G, Takita LC, Costa Nde C, Nascimento RA, Nanni Lde O. Treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis with intravenous immunoglobulin: a series of three cases. An Bras Dermatol. 2012;87(3):477-81. 6. Creamer D, Walsh SA, Dziewulski P, Exton LS, Lee HY, Dart JK, et al. U.K. guidelines for the management of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis in adults 2016. Br J Dermatol. 2016;174(6):1194-227. 7. Miliszewski MA, Kirchhof MG, Sikora S, Papp A, Dutz JP. Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: An Analysis of Triggers and Implications for Improving Prevention. Am J Med. 2016;129(11):1221-5. 8. Lalosevic J, Nikolic M, Gajic-Veljic M, Skiljevic D, Medenica L. Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a 20-year single-center experience. Int J Dermatol. 2015;54(8):978-84. 9. Zajicek R, Pintar D, Broz L, Suca H, Konigova R. Toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome at the Prague Burn Centre 1998-2008. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2012;26(5):639-43. 10. Zhang AJ, Nygaard RM, Endorf FW, Hylwa SA. Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: retrospective review of 10-year experience. Int J Dermatol. 2019;58(9):1069-77. 11. Firoz BF, Henning JS, Zarzabal LA, Pollock BH. Toxic epidermal necrolysis: five years of treatment experience from a burn unit. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;67(4):630-5. 12. McCullough M, Burg M, Lin E, Peng D, Garner W. Steven Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in a burn unit: A 15-year experience. Burns. 2017;43(1):200-5. 13. Dodiuk-Gad RP, Chung WH, Valeyrie-Allanore L, Shear NH. Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: An Update. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2015;16(6):475-93. 14. Tran AK, Sidhu S. Stevens Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis - an Australian analysis of treatment outcomes and mortality. J Dermatolog Treat. 2019;30(7):718-23. 15. Yamane Y, Matsukura S, Watanabe Y, Yamaguchi Y, Nakamura K, Kambara T, et al. Retrospective analysis of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in 87 Japanese patients--Treatment and outcome. Allergol Int. 2016;65(1):74-81. 16. Bequignon E, Duong TA, Sbidian E, Valeyrie-Allanore L, Ingen-Housz-Oro S, Chatelin V, et al. Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: ear, nose, and throat description at acute stage and after remission. JAMA Dermatol. 2015;151(3):302-7. 17. Stella M, Clemente A, Bollero D, Risso D, Dalmasso P. Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS): experience with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins and topical conservative approach. A retrospective analysis. Burns. 2007;33(4):452-9. 18. Martinez-Cabriales SA, Gomez-Flores M, Ocampo-Candiani J. [News in severe clinical adverse drug reactions: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)]. Gac Med Mex. 2015;151(6):777-87. 19. Roujeau JC, Bastuji-Garin S. Systematic review of treatments for Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis using the SCORTEN score as a tool for evaluating mortality. Ther Adv Drug Saf. 2011;2(3):87-94. 20. Micheletti RG, Chiesa-Fuxench Z, Noe MH, Stephen S, Aleshin M, Agarwal A, et al. Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: A Multicenter Retrospective Study of 377 Adult Patients from the United States. J Invest Dermatol. 2018;138(11):2315-21. 21. Chen J, Wang B, Zeng Y, Xu H. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulins in the treatment of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in Chinese patients: a retrospective study of 82 cases. Eur J Dermatol. 2010;20(6):743-7. 22. Yang Y, Xu J, Li F, Zhu X. Combination therapy of intravenous immunoglobulin and corticosteroid in the treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome: a retrospective comparative study in China. Int J Dermatol. 2009;48(10):1122-8. 23. Viard I, Wehrli P, Bullani R, Schneider P, Holler N, Salomon D, et al. Inhibition of toxic epidermal necrolysis by blockade of CD95 with human intravenous immunoglobulin. Science. 1998;282(5388):490-3. 24. Prins C, Kerdel FA, Padilla RS, Hunziker T, Chimenti S, Viard I, et al. Treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins: multicenter retrospective analysis of 48 consecutive cases. Arch Dermatol. 2003;139(1):26-32. 25. Huang YC, Li YC, Chen TJ. The efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Dermatol. 2012;167(2):424-32. 26. Campione E, Marulli GC, Carrozzo AM, Chimenti MS, Costanzo A, Bianchi L. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin for severe drug reactions: efficacy in toxic epidermal necrolysis. Acta Derm Venereol. 2003;83(6):430-2. 27. Trent JT, Kirsner RS, Romanelli P, Kerdel FA. Analysis of intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis using SCORTEN: The University of Miami Experience. Arch Dermatol. 2003;139(1):39-43. 28. Enk AH, Hadaschik EN, Eming R, Fierlbeck G, French LE, Girolomoni G, et al. European Guidelines (S1) on the use of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin in dermatology. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2016;30(10):1657-69. 29. Yeung CK, Lam LK, Chan HH. The timing of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Clin Exp Dermatol. 30. England2005. p. 600-2. 30. Esquivel A, Horcasitas R, Peralta M, Vázquez A. Guía de Práctica Clínica Diagnóstico y Tratamiento del Síndrome de Stevens Johnson/Necrólisis Epidérmica Tóxica. México: Secretaria de Salud 2011. 31. Olmos É, Ortiz J. Reacciones severas medicamentosas: síndrome de stevens johnson/necrólisis toxicoepidérmica. In: Correa Serna L, editor. Guías para manejo de urgencias: tomo II Ministerio de la Protección Social. Bogotá: Imprenta Nacional de Colombia; 2009. p. 436-9. 32. David Andrés A, Paola Andrea L, Juana Gabriela L, Luis Hernando M. Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson y necrólisis epidérmica tóxica en el Hospital Universitario del Valle “Evaristo García” durante un periodo de 9 años. Revista de la Asociación Colombiana de Dermatología y Cirugía Dermatológica. 2013;21(3). |
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv |
Derechos Reservados - Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, 2020 |
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http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/ |
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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas |
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Derechos Reservados - Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/ Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
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Universidad Militar Nueva Granada |
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Facultad de Medicina |
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Dermatología |
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Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud - Dermatología |
institution |
Universidad Militar Nueva Granada |
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Amador Patarroyo, Julio RobertoIbagón Pardo, Viviana del PilarOrdóñez Rubiano, María FernandaEspecialista en DermatologíaAmador Patarroyo, Julio RobertoCortés Correa, CarolinaHospital Militar Central Bogotá, ColombiaHospital Universitario de la Samaritana Bogotá, ColombiaClínica el Country Bogotá, ColombiaMedicina2020-02-25T18:06:21Z2020-02-25T18:06:21Z2019-11-06http://hdl.handle.net/10654/34911El síndrome de Stevens–Johnson (SSJ) y la necrólisis epidérmica tóxica (NET) son reacciones medicamentosas graves que forman parte de un mismo espectro de enfermedad. Ambas entidades se deben a la apoptosis masiva de queratinocitos. El objetivo del estudio fue describir los desenlaces clínicos con el tratamiento de inmunoglobulina G humana intravenosa (IgG-IV) en los pacientes diagnosticados con SSJ y/o NET tratados en 3 instituciones de Bogotá.ÍNDICE DE CONTENIDO • RESUMEN ESTRUCTURADO--------------------------------------------- 4 • IDENTIFICACIÓN Y FORMULACIÓN DEL PROBLEMA--------------9 • OBJETIVOS E HIPÓTESIS------------------------------------------------- 11 • METODOLOGÍA------------------------------------------------------------ 12 • PLAN DE ANÁLISIS-------------------------------------------------------- 20 • ASPECTOS ÉTICOS--------------------------------------------------------- 21 • RESULTADOS--------------------------------------------------------------- 22 • DISCUSIÓN------------------------------------------------------------------ 29 • CONCLUSIONES------------------------------------------------------------ 32 • REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS-----------------------------------------33 • ANEXOS-----------------------------------------------------------------------36Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrólisis (TEN) are life-threatening drug reactions considered to be part of a single spectrum disease. Both entities are due to massive keratinocyte apoptosis. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical outcomes with the treatment of intravenous human G immunoglobulin (IVIg) in patients diagnosed with SJS/TEN treated in 3 institutions in Bogotá.Especializaciónpdfapplication/pdfspaspaUniversidad Militar Nueva GranadaFacultad de MedicinaDermatologíaMedicina y Ciencias de la Salud - DermatologíaDerechos Reservados - Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, 2020https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadashttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Inmunoglobulina g intravenosa experiencia terapéutica en pacientes con necrolisis epidérmica tóxica y/o síndrome de Stevens Jonhson en Bogotá, ColombiaIntravenous g immunoglobulin therapeutic experience in patients with toxic epidermal necrolisis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome in Bogotá Colombiainfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisTrabajo de gradoTexthttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fNECROLISIS EPIDERMICA TOXICAINMUNOGLOBULINA G INTRAVENOSASINDROME DE STEVENS JOHNSONToxic epidermal necrolysisIntravenous immunoglobulinStevens Johnson sindrome.ManagementTreatmentDERMATOLOGIANECROSISMANIFESTACIONES CUTANEAS DE ENFERMEDADES GENERALESNecrólisis epidérmica tóxicaInmunoglobulina G intravenosaSíndrome de Stevens JohnsonManejoTratamiento1. Gupta LK, Martin AM, Agarwal N, D'Souza P, Das S, Kumar R, et al. Guidelines for the management of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis: An Indian perspective. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2016;82(6):603-25.2. Barron SJ, Del Vecchio MT, Aronoff SC. Intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a meta-analysis with meta-regression of observational studies. Int J Dermatol. 2015;54(1):108-15.3. Griffiths Ce, Barker JMDe, Bleiker Te, Chalmers Re, Creamer De, Rook ATod. Rook's Textbook of dermatology. Ninth edition. ed.4. Tan SK, Tay YK. Profile and pattern of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in a general hospital in Singapore: treatment outcomes. Acta Derm Venereol. 2012;92(1):62-6.5. Comparin C, Hans Filho G, Takita LC, Costa Nde C, Nascimento RA, Nanni Lde O. Treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis with intravenous immunoglobulin: a series of three cases. An Bras Dermatol. 2012;87(3):477-81.6. Creamer D, Walsh SA, Dziewulski P, Exton LS, Lee HY, Dart JK, et al. U.K. guidelines for the management of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis in adults 2016. Br J Dermatol. 2016;174(6):1194-227.7. Miliszewski MA, Kirchhof MG, Sikora S, Papp A, Dutz JP. Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: An Analysis of Triggers and Implications for Improving Prevention. Am J Med. 2016;129(11):1221-5.8. Lalosevic J, Nikolic M, Gajic-Veljic M, Skiljevic D, Medenica L. Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a 20-year single-center experience. Int J Dermatol. 2015;54(8):978-84.9. Zajicek R, Pintar D, Broz L, Suca H, Konigova R. Toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome at the Prague Burn Centre 1998-2008. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2012;26(5):639-43.10. Zhang AJ, Nygaard RM, Endorf FW, Hylwa SA. Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: retrospective review of 10-year experience. Int J Dermatol. 2019;58(9):1069-77.11. Firoz BF, Henning JS, Zarzabal LA, Pollock BH. Toxic epidermal necrolysis: five years of treatment experience from a burn unit. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;67(4):630-5.12. McCullough M, Burg M, Lin E, Peng D, Garner W. Steven Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in a burn unit: A 15-year experience. Burns. 2017;43(1):200-5.13. Dodiuk-Gad RP, Chung WH, Valeyrie-Allanore L, Shear NH. Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: An Update. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2015;16(6):475-93.14. Tran AK, Sidhu S. Stevens Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis - an Australian analysis of treatment outcomes and mortality. J Dermatolog Treat. 2019;30(7):718-23.15. Yamane Y, Matsukura S, Watanabe Y, Yamaguchi Y, Nakamura K, Kambara T, et al. Retrospective analysis of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in 87 Japanese patients--Treatment and outcome. Allergol Int. 2016;65(1):74-81.16. Bequignon E, Duong TA, Sbidian E, Valeyrie-Allanore L, Ingen-Housz-Oro S, Chatelin V, et al. Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: ear, nose, and throat description at acute stage and after remission. JAMA Dermatol. 2015;151(3):302-7.17. Stella M, Clemente A, Bollero D, Risso D, Dalmasso P. Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS): experience with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins and topical conservative approach. A retrospective analysis. Burns. 2007;33(4):452-9.18. Martinez-Cabriales SA, Gomez-Flores M, Ocampo-Candiani J. [News in severe clinical adverse drug reactions: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)]. Gac Med Mex. 2015;151(6):777-87.19. Roujeau JC, Bastuji-Garin S. Systematic review of treatments for Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis using the SCORTEN score as a tool for evaluating mortality. Ther Adv Drug Saf. 2011;2(3):87-94.20. Micheletti RG, Chiesa-Fuxench Z, Noe MH, Stephen S, Aleshin M, Agarwal A, et al. Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: A Multicenter Retrospective Study of 377 Adult Patients from the United States. J Invest Dermatol. 2018;138(11):2315-21.21. Chen J, Wang B, Zeng Y, Xu H. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulins in the treatment of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in Chinese patients: a retrospective study of 82 cases. Eur J Dermatol. 2010;20(6):743-7.22. Yang Y, Xu J, Li F, Zhu X. Combination therapy of intravenous immunoglobulin and corticosteroid in the treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome: a retrospective comparative study in China. Int J Dermatol. 2009;48(10):1122-8.23. Viard I, Wehrli P, Bullani R, Schneider P, Holler N, Salomon D, et al. Inhibition of toxic epidermal necrolysis by blockade of CD95 with human intravenous immunoglobulin. Science. 1998;282(5388):490-3.24. Prins C, Kerdel FA, Padilla RS, Hunziker T, Chimenti S, Viard I, et al. Treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins: multicenter retrospective analysis of 48 consecutive cases. Arch Dermatol. 2003;139(1):26-32.25. Huang YC, Li YC, Chen TJ. The efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Dermatol. 2012;167(2):424-32.26. Campione E, Marulli GC, Carrozzo AM, Chimenti MS, Costanzo A, Bianchi L. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin for severe drug reactions: efficacy in toxic epidermal necrolysis. Acta Derm Venereol. 2003;83(6):430-2.27. Trent JT, Kirsner RS, Romanelli P, Kerdel FA. Analysis of intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis using SCORTEN: The University of Miami Experience. Arch Dermatol. 2003;139(1):39-43.28. Enk AH, Hadaschik EN, Eming R, Fierlbeck G, French LE, Girolomoni G, et al. European Guidelines (S1) on the use of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin in dermatology. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2016;30(10):1657-69.29. Yeung CK, Lam LK, Chan HH. The timing of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Clin Exp Dermatol. 30. England2005. p. 600-2.30. Esquivel A, Horcasitas R, Peralta M, Vázquez A. Guía de Práctica Clínica Diagnóstico y Tratamiento del Síndrome de Stevens Johnson/Necrólisis Epidérmica Tóxica. México: Secretaria de Salud 2011.31. Olmos É, Ortiz J. Reacciones severas medicamentosas: síndrome de stevens johnson/necrólisis toxicoepidérmica. In: Correa Serna L, editor. Guías para manejo de urgencias: tomo II Ministerio de la Protección Social. Bogotá: Imprenta Nacional de Colombia; 2009. p. 436-9.32. David Andrés A, Paola Andrea L, Juana Gabriela L, Luis Hernando M. 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