Sustainable development in the colombian post-conflict—the impact of renewable energies in coffee-growing women
Coffee is one of the most representative agricultural products in Colombia; several factors related to how it is produced, processed and marketed make it particularly important in post-conflict situations. The cultivation of coffee has acquired a very important role in the post-conflict stage that C...
- Autores:
-
Presta-Novello, Déborah
Salazar-Camacho, Natalia Andrea
Delgadillo-Mirquez, Liliana
Hernández-Sarabia, Héctor Mauricio
Álvarez-Bustos, Mónica del Pilar
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of journal
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2023
- Institución:
- Universidad de Ibagué
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Universidad de Ibagué
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.unibague.edu.co:20.500.12313/3832
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12313/3832
- Palabra clave:
- Sustainable development
Renewable energy
Coffee-growing women
Post-conflict
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
| id |
UNIBAGUE2_8a8fac6f751ff655bf1ddd784570bf8b |
|---|---|
| oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.unibague.edu.co:20.500.12313/3832 |
| network_acronym_str |
UNIBAGUE2 |
| network_name_str |
Repositorio Universidad de Ibagué |
| repository_id_str |
|
| dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv |
Sustainable development in the colombian post-conflict—the impact of renewable energies in coffee-growing women |
| title |
Sustainable development in the colombian post-conflict—the impact of renewable energies in coffee-growing women |
| spellingShingle |
Sustainable development in the colombian post-conflict—the impact of renewable energies in coffee-growing women Sustainable development Renewable energy Coffee-growing women Post-conflict |
| title_short |
Sustainable development in the colombian post-conflict—the impact of renewable energies in coffee-growing women |
| title_full |
Sustainable development in the colombian post-conflict—the impact of renewable energies in coffee-growing women |
| title_fullStr |
Sustainable development in the colombian post-conflict—the impact of renewable energies in coffee-growing women |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Sustainable development in the colombian post-conflict—the impact of renewable energies in coffee-growing women |
| title_sort |
Sustainable development in the colombian post-conflict—the impact of renewable energies in coffee-growing women |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Presta-Novello, Déborah Salazar-Camacho, Natalia Andrea Delgadillo-Mirquez, Liliana Hernández-Sarabia, Héctor Mauricio Álvarez-Bustos, Mónica del Pilar |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Presta-Novello, Déborah Salazar-Camacho, Natalia Andrea Delgadillo-Mirquez, Liliana Hernández-Sarabia, Héctor Mauricio Álvarez-Bustos, Mónica del Pilar |
| dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
Sustainable development Renewable energy Coffee-growing women Post-conflict |
| topic |
Sustainable development Renewable energy Coffee-growing women Post-conflict |
| description |
Coffee is one of the most representative agricultural products in Colombia; several factors related to how it is produced, processed and marketed make it particularly important in post-conflict situations. The cultivation of coffee has acquired a very important role in the post-conflict stage that Colombia is experiencing. The rural areas hit hardest by violence are now seeing how improving agricultural conditions can help promote sustainable development and build peace in their regions. In coffee processing, women play an important role, with between 20% and 30% of coffee farms around the world being female-operated and up to 70% of labor in coffee production being provided by women. Women not only contribute to coffee processing, but they are also responsible for family activities such as cooking, and those activities are often made in wood stoves, thereby increasing their health risk. Against this background, this study presents the design and implementation of a biodigester fed by waste produced at Coffee Production Units (CPUs) located in the rural area of Tolima department in Colombia (an important scene of the armed conflict) in order to produce biogas for domestic cooking activities. Results show that implemented biodigester can produce between 1362 and 1597 kg/day (1.1704 and 1.3604 Nm3/day), which is enough energy for domestic activities for a family of four. Furthermore, it demonstrates benefits in the economic, social and environmental context of CPUs. Additionally, due to the importance of women in coffee production, this paper also evaluates the impact of the implementation of biodigesters in farms, which has shown that biodigester implementation positively impacts the production activities and activities performed by women, thereby increasing their life quality. |
| publishDate |
2023 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-10-17T20:11:31Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-10-17T20:11:31Z |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-01-13 |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
Artículo de revista |
| dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
| dc.type.coar.none.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
| dc.type.coarversion.none.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
| dc.type.content.none.fl_str_mv |
Text |
| dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| dc.type.redcol.none.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART |
| dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| format |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
| status_str |
publishedVersion |
| dc.identifier.citation.none.fl_str_mv |
Presta-Novello, D.; Salazar-Camacho, N.A.; Delgadillo-Mirquez, L.; Hernández-Sarabia, H.M.; Álvarez-Bustos, M.d.P. Sustainable Development in the Colombian Post-Conflict—The Impact of Renewable Energies in Coffee-Growing Women. Sustainability 2023, 15, 1618. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021618 |
| dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv |
20711050 |
| dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12313/3832 |
| identifier_str_mv |
Presta-Novello, D.; Salazar-Camacho, N.A.; Delgadillo-Mirquez, L.; Hernández-Sarabia, H.M.; Álvarez-Bustos, M.d.P. Sustainable Development in the Colombian Post-Conflict—The Impact of Renewable Energies in Coffee-Growing Women. Sustainability 2023, 15, 1618. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021618 20711050 |
| url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12313/3832 |
| dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
| language |
eng |
| dc.relation.citationendpage.none.fl_str_mv |
21 |
| dc.relation.citationissue.none.fl_str_mv |
1618 |
| dc.relation.citationstartpage.none.fl_str_mv |
1 |
| dc.relation.citationvolume.none.fl_str_mv |
15 |
| dc.relation.ispartofjournal.none.fl_str_mv |
Sustainability |
| dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv |
Comité Departamental de Cafeteros del Tolima. Informe Social Tolima Café de Alta Calidad; Comité Departamental de Cafeteros del Tolima: Ibagué, Colombia, 2019 Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia. Producción de Café de Colombia Cierra 2021 En 12,6 Millones de Sacos; Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia: Bogota, Colombia, 2021 Acosta, L.J. Con Menores Costos y Más Calidad Caficultores de Colombia Buscarán Mantener Rentabilidad en 2020. Available online: https://www.reuters.com/article/colombia-cafe-idLTAKBN1Y11Z5 (accessed on 3 December 2022) Dadi, D.; Mengistie, E.; Terefe, G.; Getahun, T.; Haddis, A.; Birke, W.; Beyene, A.; Luis, P.; van der Bruggen, B. Assessment of the Effluent Quality of Wet Coffee Processing Wastewater and Its Influence on Downstream Water Quality. Ecohydrol. Hydrobiol. 2018, 18, 201–211 Garde, W.K.; Buchberger, S.G.; Wendell, D.; Kupferle, M.J. Application of Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract to Treat Coffee Fermentation Wastewater. J. Hazard. Mater. 2017, 329, 102–109 Sena Da Fonseca, B.; Vilão, A.; Galhano, C.; Simão, J.A.R. Reusing Coffee Waste in Manufacture of Ceramics for Construction. Adv. Appl. Ceram. 2014, 113, 159–166 Canavarro, V.; Alves, J.L.; Rangel, B. Coffee Powder Reused as a Composite Material. Adv. Struct. Mater. 2017, 65, 113–123 Acevedo, M.-A.; Peñaloza-Quintero, I.; Morales-Fonseca, D. Aprovechamiento de Los Polisacáridos de La Pulpa de Café Residual Para La Obtención de Bioetanol Como Estrategia Hacia La Bioeconomía. Gestión Ambiente 2021, 24, 100–113 Choi, I.S.; Wi, S.G.; Kim, S.B.; Bae, H.J. Conversion of Coffee Residue Waste into Bioethanol with Using Popping Pretreatment. Bioresour. Technol. 2012, 125, 132–137 Mussatto, S.I.; Machado, E.M.S.; Martins, S.; Teixeira, J.A. Production, Composition, and Application of Coffee and Its Industrial Residues. Food Bioprocess Technol. 2011, 4, 661–672 Hernández, M.A.; Rodríguez Susa, M.; Andres, Y. Use of Coffee Mucilage as a New Substrate for Hydrogen Production in Anaerobic Co-Digestion with Swine Manure. Bioresour. Technol. 2014, 168, 112–118 Vanyan, L.; Cenian, A.; Trchounian, K. Biogas and Biohydrogen Production Using Spent Coffee Grounds and Alcohol Production Waste. Energies 2022, 15, 5935 Rojas-Sossa, J.P.; Murillo-Roos, M.; Uribe, L.; Uribe-Lorio, L.; Marsh, T.; Larsen, N.; Chen, R.; Miranda, A.; Solís, K.; Rodriguez, W.; et al. Effects of Coffee Processing Residues on Anaerobic Microorganisms and Corresponding Digestion Performance. Bioresour. Technol. 2017, 245, 714–723 Chala, B.; Oechsner, H.; Latif, S.; Müller, J. Biogas Potential of Coffee Processing Waste in Ethiopia. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2678 Hernández-Sarabia, M.; Sierra-Silva, J.; Delgadillo-Mirquez, L.; Ávila-Navarro, J.; Carranza, L. The Potential of the Biodigester as a Useful Tool in Coffee Farms. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 6884 Federación Nacional de Cafeteros Colombia Cafeteras. Available online: https://cauca.federaciondecafeteros.org/servicios-al-caficultor/ (accessed on 2 December 2022) Salazar-Camacho, N.A.; Sanchez-Echeverri, L.A.; Fonseca, F.J.; Falguera, V.; Castro-Bocanegra, D.; Tovar-Perilla, N.J. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Dehydration as a Women Entrepreneurship Alternative in Vulnerable Communities. Sustainability 2022, 14, 1548 Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia. Informe de Gestión 2021; Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia: Bogota, Colombia, 2021 Watróbski, J.; Ziemba, P.; Jankowski, J.; Ziolo, M. Green Energy for a Green City—A Multi-Perspective Model Approach. Sustainability 2016, 8, 702 Mendoza, A.; Solano, C.; Palencia, D.; Garcia, D.; Mendoza, A.; Solano, C.; Palencia, D.; Garcia, D. Application of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) for Decision-Making with Expert Judgment. Ingeniare. Rev. Chil. Ing. 2019, 27, 348–360 Bermeo-Andrade, H.; Bahamón-Monje, A.F.; Aragón-Calderón, R.; Beltrán-Vargas, Y.; Gutiérrez-Guzmán, N. Is Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Quality Related to a Combined Farmer–Farm Profile? Sustainability 2020, 12, 9518 Toboso, M.; Estévez, B. Propuesta de Un Sistema de Indicadores de Apropiación Social de Tecnologías y Su Relación Con Dinámicas de Innovación Social. In Crisis y Mutaciones de la ‘Expertise’. Escenarios, Políticas y Prácticas del Conocimiento Experto; Asociación Sociedad del Conocimiento, Innovación y Desarrollo: Zarautz, Spain, 2012; pp. 173–187 Piñeros González, C.A. El Sector Cafetero Colombiano Como Economía Periférica En El Sistema Mundial de Wallerstein Entre Los Años 2000–2014. Available online: https://repository.unimilitar.edu.co/handle/10654/15349 (accessed on 3 December 2022) Panhuysen, S.; Pierrot, J. Ensayos Sobre Economía Cafetera. Barómetro de Café 2014. Fed. Nac. Cafeteros. 2021, 27, 99–125 Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia Economía Cafetera. Ensayos de Economía Cafetera; Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia Economía Cafetera: Bogotá, Colombia, 2021; Volume 27 Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia Información Estadística Cafetera. Reportes de Volumen Mensual de Producción, Exportaciones y Área Cultivada. In Federación Nacional de Cafeteros Tolima; Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia Información Estadística Cafetera: Bogotá, Colombia, 2016 Revista Portafolio El Café, Impulsor Del Cambio Del Sur Del Tolima. Available online: https://www.portafolio.co/tendencias/el-cafe-impulsor-del-cambio-del-sur-del-tolima-561987 (accessed on 3 December 2022) Gobernación del Tolima Boletín. Evaluaciones Agropecuarias Municipales; Ministerio de Agricultura: Ibagué, Colombia, 2017 Palacios Rozo, M.A. El Café En Colombia 1850–1970: Una Historia Económica, Social y Política; El Colegio de México: Ciudad de México, Mexico, 2010 Ramírez Bacca, R. Mujeres En La Caicultura Tradicional Colombiana, 1910–1970. Hist. Mem. 2015, 43–73. Available online: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S2027-51372015000100003&lng=en&nrm=.pf&tlng=es (accessed on 30 November 2022) Luna, L.G.; Villarreal, M.N. Historia Género y Política Movimientos de Mujeres y Participación Política En Colombia 1930–1991. 1994. Available online: https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/55638 (accessed on 30 November 2022) Rodríguez Valencia, L.M. Mujeres Cafeteras y Los Cambios de Su Rol Tradicional. Soc. Econ. 2013, 24, 71–94 Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia. La Política Pública de Desarrollo Rural Como Base para la Construcción de la Paz; Comité Nacional de Cafeteros: Bogotá, Colombia, 2013 Cardona Torres, C. Análisis de la Equidad de Género en el Sector de Café en Colombia. Voces de Cafeteros Hombres y Mujeres y Sus Organizaciones; Global Cofee Plataform (GCP): Bonn, Germany, 2017 Houbron, E.; Larrinaga, A.; Rustrian, E. Liquefaction and Methanization of Solid and Liquid Coffee Wastes by Two Phase Anaerobic Digestion Process. Water Sci. Technol. 2003, 48, 255–262 Rodrigez, N.; Zambrano, D. Los Subproductos del Café: Fuente de Energía Renovable; Cenicafé: Bogotá, Colombia, 2013 Unidad de Planeación Minero Energética (UPME). Atlas del Potencial Energético de la Biomasa Residual en Colombia; Unidad de Planeación Minero Energética (UPME): Bogotá, Colombia, 2016 Garcia-Freites, S.; Welfle, A.; Lea-Langton, A.; Gilbert, P.; Thornley, P. The Potential of Coffee Stems Gasification to Provide Bioenergy for Coffee Farms: A Case Study in the Colombian Coffee Sector. Biomass Convers. Biorefin. 2020, 10, 1137–1152 Congreso de Colombia Ley 1715 de 2014—Gestor Normativo—Función Pública. Available online: https://www.funcionpublica.gov.co/eva/gestornormativo/norma.php?i=57353 (accessed on 3 December 2022) CORTOLIMA Plan Integral de Gestión Del Cambio Climático Territorial Del Tolima “Ruta Dulima. El Tolima Enfrenta El Cambio En El Clima”. Available online: https://www.cortolima.gov.co/planes-y-programas/residuos-y-desechos-peligrosos/1138-plan-integral-de-gestion-del-cambio-climatico-territorial-del-tolima-ruta-dulima-el-tolima-enfrenta-el-cambio-en-el-clima (accessed on 3 December 2022) DANE Encuesta Nacional de Calidad de Vida (ECV). 2019. Available online: https://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/estadisticas-por-tema/salud/calidad-de-vida-ecv/encuesta-nacional-de-calidad-de-vida-ecv-2019 (accessed on 3 December 2022) CEPAL Género y Energía. Mujeres y Energía; CEPAL Género y Energía: Mexico City, Mexico, 2020; pp. 41–53 Global Initiative for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Documento de Política N°1 Energía Renovable y Justicia de Género; Global Initiative for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Mexico, Mexico, 2020 Kim, J.; Kim, H.; Baek, G.; Lee, C. Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Spent Coffee Grounds with Different Waste Feedstocks for Biogas Production. Waste Manag. 2017, 60, 322–328 Garfí, M.; Martí-Herrero, J.; Garwood, A.; Ferrer, I. Household Anaerobic Digesters for Biogas Production in Latin America: A Review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2016, 60, 599–614 Pin, B.V.d.R.; Barros, R.M.; Silva Lora, E.E.; Almazan del Olmo, O.; Silva dos Santos, I.F.; Ribeiro, E.M.; Victor de Freitas Rocha, J. Energetic Use of Biogas from the Anaerobic Digestion of Coffee Wastewater in Southern Minas Gerais, Brazil. Renew. Energy 2020, 146, 2084–2094 Herrero, J.M. Biodigestores Familiares: Guía de Diseño y Manual de Instalación; Cooperación técnica alemana; Programa de Desarrollo Agropecuario (PROAGRO): La Paz, Bolivia, 2008; ISBN 978-99954-0-339-3 Chen, C.; Zheng, D.; Liu, G.J.; Deng, L.W.; Long, Y.; Fan, Z.H. Continuous Dry Fermentation of Swine Manure for Biogas Production. Waste Manag. 2015, 38, 436–442 Katuwal, H.; Bohara, A.K. Biogas: A Promising Renewable Technology and Its Impact on Rural Households in Nepal. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2009, 13, 2668–2674 Bruce, N.; Perez-Padilla, R.; Albalak, R. Indoor Air Pollution in Developing Countries: A Major Environmental and Public Health Challenge. Bull. World Health Organ. 2000, 78, 1078–1092 Amato, H.K.; Hemlock, C.; Andrejko, K.L.; Smith, A.R.; Hejazi, N.S.; Hubbard, A.E.; Verma, S.C.; Adhikari, R.K.; Pokhrel, D.; Smith, K.; et al. Biodigester Cookstove Interventions and Child Diarrhea in Semirural Nepal: A Causal Analysis of Daily Observations. Environ. Health Perspect. 2022, 130, 1 Célia da Silva Lanna, M.; Viancelli, A.; Michelon, W.; Castro Carvalho, S.V.; de Almeida dos Reis, D.; Fernandez de Salles, L.A.; Sant’Anna, I.H.; Resende, L.T.; de Souza Ferreira, C.; Aparecido das Chagas, I.; et al. Household-Based Biodigesters Promote Reduction of Enteric Virus and Bacteria in Vulnerable and Poverty Rural Area. Environ. Pollut. 2019, 252, 8–13 United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Informe Regional de Desarrollo Humano|Atrapados? Desigualdad y Crecimiento Económico en América Latina y el Caribe. 2021. Available online: https://www.undp.org/es/latin-america/publications/informe-regional-de-desarrollo-humano-atrapados-alta-desigualdad-y-bajo-crecimiento-en-america-latina-y-el-caribe (accessed on 3 December 2022) Fajardo, L.; Belén, C.; Arias, L. Mujeres Rurales En Colombia. Available online: https://d3o3cb4w253x5q.cloudfront.net/media/documents/20171001.informe_mujeresrurales_col_1.pdf (accessed on 3 December 2022) Presta Novello, D. El Conflicto de Colombia: Acción de las Organizaciones Internacionales; Thomson Reuters-Aranzadi: Cizur, Spain, 2020 Fundación Ideas para la Paz (FIP). Institucionalidad Socavada. Análisis Transversal. In Institucionalidad Socavada: Justicia Local, Territorio y Conflicto; Fundación Ideas para la Paz (FIP): Bogotá, Colombia, 2015; pp. 17–57 Centro Nacional de Memoria Histórica (CNMH). De los Grupos Precursores al Bloque Tolima (AUC); Informe No. 1; Centro Nacional de Memoria Histórica (CNMH): Bogotá, Colombia, 2017 Barros Navarro, N.I.; Uribe Sarmiento, J.J. La Retaguardia en Disputa; Ediciones Unibagué: Ibagué, Colombia, 2019 Presta Novello, D. Crisis Humanitaria En La Triple Frontera Amazónica. An. Derecho 2022, 39, 14 |
| dc.rights.accessrights.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.rights.coar.none.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| dc.rights.license.none.fl_str_mv |
Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0) |
| dc.rights.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
| eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
| rights_invalid_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
| dc.format.mimetype.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
| dc.publisher.place.none.fl_str_mv |
Suiza |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/2/1618 |
| institution |
Universidad de Ibagué |
| bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.unibague.edu.co/bitstreams/ed5dcaba-e1d6-4483-bd73-f3845ed29e2d/download https://repositorio.unibague.edu.co/bitstreams/1d6bae7b-2760-4918-8a11-1f61f60d6722/download https://repositorio.unibague.edu.co/bitstreams/43ab7bbe-4b68-4e27-aec7-47430a1d0796/download https://repositorio.unibague.edu.co/bitstreams/f4b0b2b5-ffed-4166-ae7c-1aacb7551dbb/download |
| bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
5bbcb118e281d8d21496df27b0e15086 0cfd56fea50e3346a3ec854e182d700b 89a18c2f2b7349e06bfba9b5996e5224 2fa3e590786b9c0f3ceba1b9656b7ac3 |
| bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Ibagué |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
bdigital@metabiblioteca.com |
| _version_ |
1814204137998385152 |
| spelling |
Presta-Novello, Déborah4b4e14b4-86dc-4a72-bd5d-1a4defa51437-1Salazar-Camacho, Natalia Andreafd7c28f0-484f-4ea3-b34d-c7f3f67a06a3-1Delgadillo-Mirquez, Liliana0025fadf-fa3c-4261-be25-74ff2de2b494-1Hernández-Sarabia, Héctor Mauricio05580744-9e8f-4f59-ba9b-6dd24c6a42b6-1Álvarez-Bustos, Mónica del Pilarc29eb92d-e3e0-4647-a323-191c8654e6b5-12023-10-17T20:11:31Z2023-10-17T20:11:31Z2023-01-13Coffee is one of the most representative agricultural products in Colombia; several factors related to how it is produced, processed and marketed make it particularly important in post-conflict situations. The cultivation of coffee has acquired a very important role in the post-conflict stage that Colombia is experiencing. The rural areas hit hardest by violence are now seeing how improving agricultural conditions can help promote sustainable development and build peace in their regions. In coffee processing, women play an important role, with between 20% and 30% of coffee farms around the world being female-operated and up to 70% of labor in coffee production being provided by women. Women not only contribute to coffee processing, but they are also responsible for family activities such as cooking, and those activities are often made in wood stoves, thereby increasing their health risk. Against this background, this study presents the design and implementation of a biodigester fed by waste produced at Coffee Production Units (CPUs) located in the rural area of Tolima department in Colombia (an important scene of the armed conflict) in order to produce biogas for domestic cooking activities. Results show that implemented biodigester can produce between 1362 and 1597 kg/day (1.1704 and 1.3604 Nm3/day), which is enough energy for domestic activities for a family of four. Furthermore, it demonstrates benefits in the economic, social and environmental context of CPUs. Additionally, due to the importance of women in coffee production, this paper also evaluates the impact of the implementation of biodigesters in farms, which has shown that biodigester implementation positively impacts the production activities and activities performed by women, thereby increasing their life quality.application/pdfPresta-Novello, D.; Salazar-Camacho, N.A.; Delgadillo-Mirquez, L.; Hernández-Sarabia, H.M.; Álvarez-Bustos, M.d.P. Sustainable Development in the Colombian Post-Conflict—The Impact of Renewable Energies in Coffee-Growing Women. Sustainability 2023, 15, 1618. https://doi.org/10.3390/su1502161820711050https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12313/3832engSuiza211618115SustainabilityComité Departamental de Cafeteros del Tolima. Informe Social Tolima Café de Alta Calidad; Comité Departamental de Cafeteros del Tolima: Ibagué, Colombia, 2019Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia. Producción de Café de Colombia Cierra 2021 En 12,6 Millones de Sacos; Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia: Bogota, Colombia, 2021Acosta, L.J. Con Menores Costos y Más Calidad Caficultores de Colombia Buscarán Mantener Rentabilidad en 2020. Available online: https://www.reuters.com/article/colombia-cafe-idLTAKBN1Y11Z5 (accessed on 3 December 2022)Dadi, D.; Mengistie, E.; Terefe, G.; Getahun, T.; Haddis, A.; Birke, W.; Beyene, A.; Luis, P.; van der Bruggen, B. Assessment of the Effluent Quality of Wet Coffee Processing Wastewater and Its Influence on Downstream Water Quality. Ecohydrol. Hydrobiol. 2018, 18, 201–211Garde, W.K.; Buchberger, S.G.; Wendell, D.; Kupferle, M.J. Application of Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract to Treat Coffee Fermentation Wastewater. J. Hazard. Mater. 2017, 329, 102–109Sena Da Fonseca, B.; Vilão, A.; Galhano, C.; Simão, J.A.R. Reusing Coffee Waste in Manufacture of Ceramics for Construction. Adv. Appl. Ceram. 2014, 113, 159–166Canavarro, V.; Alves, J.L.; Rangel, B. Coffee Powder Reused as a Composite Material. Adv. Struct. Mater. 2017, 65, 113–123Acevedo, M.-A.; Peñaloza-Quintero, I.; Morales-Fonseca, D. Aprovechamiento de Los Polisacáridos de La Pulpa de Café Residual Para La Obtención de Bioetanol Como Estrategia Hacia La Bioeconomía. Gestión Ambiente 2021, 24, 100–113Choi, I.S.; Wi, S.G.; Kim, S.B.; Bae, H.J. Conversion of Coffee Residue Waste into Bioethanol with Using Popping Pretreatment. Bioresour. Technol. 2012, 125, 132–137Mussatto, S.I.; Machado, E.M.S.; Martins, S.; Teixeira, J.A. Production, Composition, and Application of Coffee and Its Industrial Residues. Food Bioprocess Technol. 2011, 4, 661–672Hernández, M.A.; Rodríguez Susa, M.; Andres, Y. Use of Coffee Mucilage as a New Substrate for Hydrogen Production in Anaerobic Co-Digestion with Swine Manure. Bioresour. Technol. 2014, 168, 112–118Vanyan, L.; Cenian, A.; Trchounian, K. Biogas and Biohydrogen Production Using Spent Coffee Grounds and Alcohol Production Waste. Energies 2022, 15, 5935Rojas-Sossa, J.P.; Murillo-Roos, M.; Uribe, L.; Uribe-Lorio, L.; Marsh, T.; Larsen, N.; Chen, R.; Miranda, A.; Solís, K.; Rodriguez, W.; et al. Effects of Coffee Processing Residues on Anaerobic Microorganisms and Corresponding Digestion Performance. Bioresour. Technol. 2017, 245, 714–723Chala, B.; Oechsner, H.; Latif, S.; Müller, J. Biogas Potential of Coffee Processing Waste in Ethiopia. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2678Hernández-Sarabia, M.; Sierra-Silva, J.; Delgadillo-Mirquez, L.; Ávila-Navarro, J.; Carranza, L. The Potential of the Biodigester as a Useful Tool in Coffee Farms. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 6884Federación Nacional de Cafeteros Colombia Cafeteras. Available online: https://cauca.federaciondecafeteros.org/servicios-al-caficultor/ (accessed on 2 December 2022)Salazar-Camacho, N.A.; Sanchez-Echeverri, L.A.; Fonseca, F.J.; Falguera, V.; Castro-Bocanegra, D.; Tovar-Perilla, N.J. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Dehydration as a Women Entrepreneurship Alternative in Vulnerable Communities. Sustainability 2022, 14, 1548Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia. Informe de Gestión 2021; Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia: Bogota, Colombia, 2021Watróbski, J.; Ziemba, P.; Jankowski, J.; Ziolo, M. Green Energy for a Green City—A Multi-Perspective Model Approach. Sustainability 2016, 8, 702Mendoza, A.; Solano, C.; Palencia, D.; Garcia, D.; Mendoza, A.; Solano, C.; Palencia, D.; Garcia, D. Application of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) for Decision-Making with Expert Judgment. Ingeniare. Rev. Chil. Ing. 2019, 27, 348–360Bermeo-Andrade, H.; Bahamón-Monje, A.F.; Aragón-Calderón, R.; Beltrán-Vargas, Y.; Gutiérrez-Guzmán, N. Is Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Quality Related to a Combined Farmer–Farm Profile? Sustainability 2020, 12, 9518Toboso, M.; Estévez, B. Propuesta de Un Sistema de Indicadores de Apropiación Social de Tecnologías y Su Relación Con Dinámicas de Innovación Social. In Crisis y Mutaciones de la ‘Expertise’. Escenarios, Políticas y Prácticas del Conocimiento Experto; Asociación Sociedad del Conocimiento, Innovación y Desarrollo: Zarautz, Spain, 2012; pp. 173–187Piñeros González, C.A. El Sector Cafetero Colombiano Como Economía Periférica En El Sistema Mundial de Wallerstein Entre Los Años 2000–2014. Available online: https://repository.unimilitar.edu.co/handle/10654/15349 (accessed on 3 December 2022)Panhuysen, S.; Pierrot, J. Ensayos Sobre Economía Cafetera. Barómetro de Café 2014. Fed. Nac. Cafeteros. 2021, 27, 99–125Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia Economía Cafetera. Ensayos de Economía Cafetera; Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia Economía Cafetera: Bogotá, Colombia, 2021; Volume 27Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia Información Estadística Cafetera. Reportes de Volumen Mensual de Producción, Exportaciones y Área Cultivada. In Federación Nacional de Cafeteros Tolima; Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia Información Estadística Cafetera: Bogotá, Colombia, 2016Revista Portafolio El Café, Impulsor Del Cambio Del Sur Del Tolima. Available online: https://www.portafolio.co/tendencias/el-cafe-impulsor-del-cambio-del-sur-del-tolima-561987 (accessed on 3 December 2022)Gobernación del Tolima Boletín. Evaluaciones Agropecuarias Municipales; Ministerio de Agricultura: Ibagué, Colombia, 2017Palacios Rozo, M.A. El Café En Colombia 1850–1970: Una Historia Económica, Social y Política; El Colegio de México: Ciudad de México, Mexico, 2010Ramírez Bacca, R. Mujeres En La Caicultura Tradicional Colombiana, 1910–1970. Hist. Mem. 2015, 43–73. Available online: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S2027-51372015000100003&lng=en&nrm=.pf&tlng=es (accessed on 30 November 2022)Luna, L.G.; Villarreal, M.N. Historia Género y Política Movimientos de Mujeres y Participación Política En Colombia 1930–1991. 1994. Available online: https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/55638 (accessed on 30 November 2022)Rodríguez Valencia, L.M. Mujeres Cafeteras y Los Cambios de Su Rol Tradicional. Soc. Econ. 2013, 24, 71–94Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia. La Política Pública de Desarrollo Rural Como Base para la Construcción de la Paz; Comité Nacional de Cafeteros: Bogotá, Colombia, 2013Cardona Torres, C. Análisis de la Equidad de Género en el Sector de Café en Colombia. Voces de Cafeteros Hombres y Mujeres y Sus Organizaciones; Global Cofee Plataform (GCP): Bonn, Germany, 2017Houbron, E.; Larrinaga, A.; Rustrian, E. Liquefaction and Methanization of Solid and Liquid Coffee Wastes by Two Phase Anaerobic Digestion Process. Water Sci. Technol. 2003, 48, 255–262Rodrigez, N.; Zambrano, D. Los Subproductos del Café: Fuente de Energía Renovable; Cenicafé: Bogotá, Colombia, 2013Unidad de Planeación Minero Energética (UPME). Atlas del Potencial Energético de la Biomasa Residual en Colombia; Unidad de Planeación Minero Energética (UPME): Bogotá, Colombia, 2016Garcia-Freites, S.; Welfle, A.; Lea-Langton, A.; Gilbert, P.; Thornley, P. The Potential of Coffee Stems Gasification to Provide Bioenergy for Coffee Farms: A Case Study in the Colombian Coffee Sector. Biomass Convers. Biorefin. 2020, 10, 1137–1152Congreso de Colombia Ley 1715 de 2014—Gestor Normativo—Función Pública. Available online: https://www.funcionpublica.gov.co/eva/gestornormativo/norma.php?i=57353 (accessed on 3 December 2022)CORTOLIMA Plan Integral de Gestión Del Cambio Climático Territorial Del Tolima “Ruta Dulima. El Tolima Enfrenta El Cambio En El Clima”. Available online: https://www.cortolima.gov.co/planes-y-programas/residuos-y-desechos-peligrosos/1138-plan-integral-de-gestion-del-cambio-climatico-territorial-del-tolima-ruta-dulima-el-tolima-enfrenta-el-cambio-en-el-clima (accessed on 3 December 2022)DANE Encuesta Nacional de Calidad de Vida (ECV). 2019. Available online: https://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/estadisticas-por-tema/salud/calidad-de-vida-ecv/encuesta-nacional-de-calidad-de-vida-ecv-2019 (accessed on 3 December 2022)CEPAL Género y Energía. Mujeres y Energía; CEPAL Género y Energía: Mexico City, Mexico, 2020; pp. 41–53Global Initiative for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Documento de Política N°1 Energía Renovable y Justicia de Género; Global Initiative for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Mexico, Mexico, 2020Kim, J.; Kim, H.; Baek, G.; Lee, C. Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Spent Coffee Grounds with Different Waste Feedstocks for Biogas Production. Waste Manag. 2017, 60, 322–328Garfí, M.; Martí-Herrero, J.; Garwood, A.; Ferrer, I. Household Anaerobic Digesters for Biogas Production in Latin America: A Review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2016, 60, 599–614Pin, B.V.d.R.; Barros, R.M.; Silva Lora, E.E.; Almazan del Olmo, O.; Silva dos Santos, I.F.; Ribeiro, E.M.; Victor de Freitas Rocha, J. Energetic Use of Biogas from the Anaerobic Digestion of Coffee Wastewater in Southern Minas Gerais, Brazil. Renew. Energy 2020, 146, 2084–2094Herrero, J.M. Biodigestores Familiares: Guía de Diseño y Manual de Instalación; Cooperación técnica alemana; Programa de Desarrollo Agropecuario (PROAGRO): La Paz, Bolivia, 2008; ISBN 978-99954-0-339-3Chen, C.; Zheng, D.; Liu, G.J.; Deng, L.W.; Long, Y.; Fan, Z.H. Continuous Dry Fermentation of Swine Manure for Biogas Production. Waste Manag. 2015, 38, 436–442Katuwal, H.; Bohara, A.K. Biogas: A Promising Renewable Technology and Its Impact on Rural Households in Nepal. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2009, 13, 2668–2674Bruce, N.; Perez-Padilla, R.; Albalak, R. Indoor Air Pollution in Developing Countries: A Major Environmental and Public Health Challenge. Bull. World Health Organ. 2000, 78, 1078–1092Amato, H.K.; Hemlock, C.; Andrejko, K.L.; Smith, A.R.; Hejazi, N.S.; Hubbard, A.E.; Verma, S.C.; Adhikari, R.K.; Pokhrel, D.; Smith, K.; et al. Biodigester Cookstove Interventions and Child Diarrhea in Semirural Nepal: A Causal Analysis of Daily Observations. Environ. Health Perspect. 2022, 130, 1Célia da Silva Lanna, M.; Viancelli, A.; Michelon, W.; Castro Carvalho, S.V.; de Almeida dos Reis, D.; Fernandez de Salles, L.A.; Sant’Anna, I.H.; Resende, L.T.; de Souza Ferreira, C.; Aparecido das Chagas, I.; et al. Household-Based Biodigesters Promote Reduction of Enteric Virus and Bacteria in Vulnerable and Poverty Rural Area. Environ. Pollut. 2019, 252, 8–13United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Informe Regional de Desarrollo Humano|Atrapados? Desigualdad y Crecimiento Económico en América Latina y el Caribe. 2021. Available online: https://www.undp.org/es/latin-america/publications/informe-regional-de-desarrollo-humano-atrapados-alta-desigualdad-y-bajo-crecimiento-en-america-latina-y-el-caribe (accessed on 3 December 2022)Fajardo, L.; Belén, C.; Arias, L. Mujeres Rurales En Colombia. Available online: https://d3o3cb4w253x5q.cloudfront.net/media/documents/20171001.informe_mujeresrurales_col_1.pdf (accessed on 3 December 2022)Presta Novello, D. El Conflicto de Colombia: Acción de las Organizaciones Internacionales; Thomson Reuters-Aranzadi: Cizur, Spain, 2020Fundación Ideas para la Paz (FIP). Institucionalidad Socavada. Análisis Transversal. In Institucionalidad Socavada: Justicia Local, Territorio y Conflicto; Fundación Ideas para la Paz (FIP): Bogotá, Colombia, 2015; pp. 17–57Centro Nacional de Memoria Histórica (CNMH). De los Grupos Precursores al Bloque Tolima (AUC); Informe No. 1; Centro Nacional de Memoria Histórica (CNMH): Bogotá, Colombia, 2017Barros Navarro, N.I.; Uribe Sarmiento, J.J. La Retaguardia en Disputa; Ediciones Unibagué: Ibagué, Colombia, 2019Presta Novello, D. Crisis Humanitaria En La Triple Frontera Amazónica. An. Derecho 2022, 39, 14This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/2/1618Sustainable developmentRenewable energyCoffee-growing womenPost-conflictSustainable development in the colombian post-conflict—the impact of renewable energies in coffee-growing womenArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPublicationORIGINALSustainable Development in the Colombian Post-Conflict—The Impact of Renewable Energies in Coffee-Growing Women - sustainability-15-01618-v3.pdfSustainable Development in the Colombian Post-Conflict—The Impact of Renewable Energies in Coffee-Growing Women - sustainability-15-01618-v3.pdfapplication/pdf79729https://repositorio.unibague.edu.co/bitstreams/ed5dcaba-e1d6-4483-bd73-f3845ed29e2d/download5bbcb118e281d8d21496df27b0e15086MD51TEXTSustainable Development in the Colombian Post-Conflict—The Impact of Renewable Energies in Coffee-Growing Women - sustainability-15-01618-v3.pdf.txtSustainable Development in the Colombian Post-Conflict—The Impact of Renewable Energies in Coffee-Growing Women - sustainability-15-01618-v3.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain4534https://repositorio.unibague.edu.co/bitstreams/1d6bae7b-2760-4918-8a11-1f61f60d6722/download0cfd56fea50e3346a3ec854e182d700bMD53THUMBNAILSustainable Development in the Colombian Post-Conflict—The Impact of Renewable Energies in Coffee-Growing Women - sustainability-15-01618-v3.pdf.jpgSustainable Development in the Colombian Post-Conflict—The Impact of Renewable Energies in Coffee-Growing Women - sustainability-15-01618-v3.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg12952https://repositorio.unibague.edu.co/bitstreams/43ab7bbe-4b68-4e27-aec7-47430a1d0796/download89a18c2f2b7349e06bfba9b5996e5224MD54LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-8134https://repositorio.unibague.edu.co/bitstreams/f4b0b2b5-ffed-4166-ae7c-1aacb7551dbb/download2fa3e590786b9c0f3ceba1b9656b7ac3MD5220.500.12313/3832oai:repositorio.unibague.edu.co:20.500.12313/38322023-10-18 03:00:45.616https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).https://repositorio.unibague.edu.coRepositorio Institucional Universidad de Ibaguébdigital@metabiblioteca.comQ3JlYXRpdmUgQ29tbW9ucyBBdHRyaWJ1dGlvbi1Ob25Db21tZXJjaWFsLU5vRGVyaXZhdGl2ZXMgNC4wIEludGVybmF0aW9uYWwgTGljZW5zZQ0KaHR0cHM6Ly9jcmVhdGl2ZWNvbW1vbnMub3JnL2xpY2Vuc2VzL2J5LW5jLW5kLzQuMC8= |