Buying off the revolution: Evidence from the colombian national peasant movement, 1957-1985
Códigos JEL: D70, H76, H41, N46
- Autores:
-
López Uribe, María del Pilar
- Tipo de recurso:
- Work document
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2022
- Institución:
- Universidad de los Andes
- Repositorio:
- Séneca: repositorio Uniandes
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.uniandes.edu.co:1992/63161
- Acceso en línea:
- http://hdl.handle.net/1992/63161
- Palabra clave:
- Threat of revolution
Democratic reform
Redistribution
Social movements
Political empowerment
Conflict
Economía
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- https://repositorio.uniandes.edu.co/static/pdf/aceptacion_uso_es.pdf
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Buying off the revolution: Evidence from the colombian national peasant movement, 1957-1985 |
| title |
Buying off the revolution: Evidence from the colombian national peasant movement, 1957-1985 |
| spellingShingle |
Buying off the revolution: Evidence from the colombian national peasant movement, 1957-1985 Threat of revolution Democratic reform Redistribution Social movements Political empowerment Conflict Economía |
| title_short |
Buying off the revolution: Evidence from the colombian national peasant movement, 1957-1985 |
| title_full |
Buying off the revolution: Evidence from the colombian national peasant movement, 1957-1985 |
| title_fullStr |
Buying off the revolution: Evidence from the colombian national peasant movement, 1957-1985 |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Buying off the revolution: Evidence from the colombian national peasant movement, 1957-1985 |
| title_sort |
Buying off the revolution: Evidence from the colombian national peasant movement, 1957-1985 |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
López Uribe, María del Pilar |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
López Uribe, María del Pilar |
| dc.subject.keyword.none.fl_str_mv |
Threat of revolution Democratic reform Redistribution Social movements Political empowerment Conflict |
| topic |
Threat of revolution Democratic reform Redistribution Social movements Political empowerment Conflict Economía |
| dc.subject.themes.es_CO.fl_str_mv |
Economía |
| description |
Códigos JEL: D70, H76, H41, N46 |
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2022 |
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2022-11-15T20:33:42Z |
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10.57784/1992/63161 |
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eng |
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eng |
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Documentos CEDE;2022-45 |
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https://ideas.repec.org/p/col/000089/020535.html |
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102 páginas |
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Universidad de los Andes |
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Facultad de Economía |
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Universidad de los Andes |
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López Uribe, María del Pilar8479d4da-38ad-4f58-9689-b0ecb0ac520e6002022-11-15T20:33:42Z2022-11-15T20:33:42Z2022-111657-7191http://hdl.handle.net/1992/6316110.57784/1992/63161Códigos JEL: D70, H76, H41, N46This paper shows that franchise extension is not enough for commitment to redistribution and that in the absence of de facto empowerment, the threat of revolution is intact. In particular, the paper studies the relationship between a democratic reform that extends the political rights of a threatening group and redistribution during periods of revolutionary threat. Far from causing an increase in broad redistribution (e.g. social spending), I show that democratic reform -the state organization of a social movement that extends political rights- can be used to identify rebel leaders and provide private goods to them, in return for preventing social unrest and demobilizing their supporters. I study the context of the organization by the state of the most important social movement in Colombian history -the National Peasant Movement (ANUC)- over almost three decades (1957-1985), in which the threat of a Communist Revolution was perennial and throughout which the government gave ANUC direct political participation at the local level in the executive branch and economic support. Using three newly digitized data sets of Colombian municipalities, I find that rather than leading to broad redistribution to the benefit of the peasantry, the reform instead led to an increase in targeted redistribution in terms of public jobs and lands. In particular, by matching the names of the peasant leaders to the beneficiaries of the land reform, evidence suggests that peasant leaders disproportionately benefited from land reform, especially in municipalities where the communist threat was higher. Finally, I find suggestive evidence that buying off the rebel leaders was an effective counter-revolutionary strategy as it led to fewer revolutionary activities after the support of ANUC was terminated (1972-1985).Este artículo muestra que la extensión del sufragio universal no fue suficiente compromiso para implementar políticas redistributivas y qué en ausencia de un empoderamiento de facto, la amenaza de revolución se queda intacta. En particular, el artículo estudia la relación entre una reforma democrática que extiende los derechos políticos de un grupo amenazante y redistribución durante períodos de amenaza revolucionara. Lejos de causar un aumento en la redistribución amplia (por ejemplo, gasto social), se muestra que la reforma democrática -la organización del estado de un movimiento social que extiende los derechos políticos- puede ser usada para identificar a los líderes rebeldes y proveerle bienes privados, a cambio de prevenir desordenes sociales y desmovilizar sus seguidores. Yo estudio el contexto de la organización con ayuda del estado del movimiento social más importante en la historia colombiana -el movimiento nacional campesino (ANUC)- durante casi tres décadas (1957-1985), en donde la amenaza comunista estuvo latente y a través del cual el gobierno le dio a ANUC participación política directa a nivel local en el ejecutivo y apoyo económico. Usando tres nuevas bases de datos digitalizadas a nivel municipal, encuentro que en lugar de llevar a una redistribución amplia que beneficiara al campesinado, la reforma llevó a una redistribución focalizada medido en cargos públicos y tierras. En particular, al unificar los nombres de los líderes campesinos con los beneficiarios de la reforma agraria, la evidencia sugiere que los líderes campesinos se beneficiaron desproporcionadamente de la reforma agraria, especialmente en municipios donde la amenaza comunista era más alta. Finalmente, encuentro evidencia sugestiva de que comprar los líderes fue una estrategia contra-revolucionaria efectiva al llevar a menor actividades revolucionarias después de que el apoyo a ANUC terminara (1972-1985).102 páginasapplication/pdfengUniversidad de los AndesFacultad de EconomíaDocumentos CEDE;2022-45https://ideas.repec.org/p/col/000089/020535.htmlhttps://repositorio.uniandes.edu.co/static/pdf/aceptacion_uso_es.pdfinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Buying off the revolution: Evidence from the colombian national peasant movement, 1957-1985Documento de trabajoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaperinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_8042http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Texthttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/WPThreat of revolutionDemocratic reformRedistributionSocial movementsPolitical empowermentConflictEconomíaPublicationLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81810https://repositorio.uniandes.edu.co/bitstreams/1e56ef9a-3b96-4972-b073-7054a9a94b04/download5aa5c691a1ffe97abd12c2966efcb8d6MD51THUMBNAILdcede2022-45.pdf.jpgdcede2022-45.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg19583https://repositorio.uniandes.edu.co/bitstreams/d5f1102a-1d1c-495e-bc0b-26c2017e046f/download9a83ba6b1ed2b384298e4e8aa71a0378MD54ORIGINALdcede2022-45.pdfdcede2022-45.pdfapplication/pdf11429815https://repositorio.uniandes.edu.co/bitstreams/839d29a8-e851-43f0-ac1c-e06a2cb18276/download0ea4ad693757e3eccef0b19a42696061MD52TEXTdcede2022-45.pdf.txtdcede2022-45.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain195095https://repositorio.uniandes.edu.co/bitstreams/5db55cd4-9450-46f7-84c9-beaf7dbf3ec5/downloadaa8fcd15e4306baf5e5d31a8bd080f2cMD531992/63161oai:repositorio.uniandes.edu.co:1992/631612024-06-04 15:35:05.06https://repositorio.uniandes.edu.co/static/pdf/aceptacion_uso_es.pdfopen.accesshttps://repositorio.uniandes.edu.coRepositorio institucional Sénecaadminrepositorio@uniandes.edu.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 |