The power of an effective apology in the process of forgiveness and reconciliation in social media

An effective apology could have long lasting effects in social groups allowing the transformation of feelings and attitudes related to resentment, anger and guilt, at the same time that facilitates the reconstruction of cooperative and friendly relations. Therefore, in this document I will analyze t...

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Autores:: Moncayo Salas, Laura

Tipo de recurso:: Trabajo de grado de pregrado

Fecha de publicación:: 2022

Institución:: Universidad de los Andes

Repositorio:: Séneca: repositorio Uniandes

Idioma:: eng

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repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv	The power of an effective apology in the process of forgiveness and reconciliation in social media
title	The power of an effective apology in the process of forgiveness and reconciliation in social media
spellingShingle	The power of an effective apology in the process of forgiveness and reconciliation in social media Apology Forgiveness Social media Perdón Reconciliación Redes sociales en línea Psicología
title_short	The power of an effective apology in the process of forgiveness and reconciliation in social media
title_full	The power of an effective apology in the process of forgiveness and reconciliation in social media
title_fullStr	The power of an effective apology in the process of forgiveness and reconciliation in social media
title_full_unstemmed	The power of an effective apology in the process of forgiveness and reconciliation in social media
title_sort	The power of an effective apology in the process of forgiveness and reconciliation in social media
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Moncayo Salas, Laura
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv	Jiménez Leal, William Alexander
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Moncayo Salas, Laura
dc.contributor.jury.none.fl_str_mv	Sánchez Cruz, Julio Eduardo
dc.subject.keyword.none.fl_str_mv	Apology Forgiveness Social media
topic	Apology Forgiveness Social media Perdón Reconciliación Redes sociales en línea Psicología
dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv	Perdón Reconciliación Redes sociales en línea
dc.subject.themes.es_CO.fl_str_mv	Psicología
description	An effective apology could have long lasting effects in social groups allowing the transformation of feelings and attitudes related to resentment, anger and guilt, at the same time that facilitates the reconstruction of cooperative and friendly relations. Therefore, in this document I will analyze the impact of an effective apology in the forgiveness process in social media. We developed a corpus linguistic analysis and a behavioural and physiological experiment to understand the relationship between an effective apology and forgiveness characteristics
publishDate	2022
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2022-07-05T14:53:44Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2022-07-05T14:53:44Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2022-01-18
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dc.language.iso.es_CO.fl_str_mv	eng
language	eng
dc.relation.references.es_CO.fl_str_mv	Amelia Cornish, Bethany Wilson, David Raubenheimer, & Paul McGreevy. (2018). Demographics Regarding Belief in Non-Human Animal Sentience and Emotional Empathy with Animals: A Pilot Study among Attendees of an Animal Welfare Symposium. Animals, 8(10), 174. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani8100174 Bar-Siman-Tov, Y. (2004). From Conflict Resolution to Reconciliation. Oxford: University Press. Baumeister, R. F., Exline, J. J., & Sommer, K. L. (1998). The victim role, grudge theory, and two dimensions of forgiveness. In E. L. Worthington, Jr. (Ed.), Dimensions of forgiveness: Psychological research and theological speculations (pp. 79-104). Philadelphia: The Templeton Foundation Press. Brooks, R. L. (1999). When sorry isn't enough: The controversy over apologies and reparations for human injustice. New York: New York University Press. VanOyen, C Ludwig, E & Vander Laan. , K (2001). Granting Forgiveness or Harboring Grudges: Implications for Emotion, Physiology, and Health. Psychological Science, 12(2), 117-123. Cornish, M. A., Guyll, M., Wade, N. G., Lannin, D. G., Madon, S., & Chason, K. C. (2018). Does empathy promotion necessarily lead to greater forgiveness? An experimental examination. Current Psychology: A Journal for Diverse Perspectives on Diverse Psychological Issues. Advance online publication. https://doiorg.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1007/s12144-018-9816-8 Enright, R. (1991). The moral development of forgiveness. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272565722_The_moral_development_of_forgiveness Exline, J. J., Deshea, L., & Holeman, V. T. (2007). Is apology worth the risk? Predictors, outcomes, and ways to avoid regret. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 26(4), 479-504. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1521/jscp.2007.26.4.479 Fehr, R., & Gelfand, M. J. (2010). When apologies work: How matching apology components to victims- self-construals facilitates forgiveness. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 113(1), 37-50. https://doiorg.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1016/j.obhdp.2010.04.002 Girlea, C., & Girju, R. (2017). Decoding the perception of sincerity in written dialogues. 2017 Seventh International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction (ACII), Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction (ACII), 2017 Seventh International Conference On, 448-455. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1109/ACII.2017.8273638 Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction ritual. Oxford, England: Aldine. Hargrave, T. (2001). Forgiving the devil: Coming to terms with damaged relationships. Redding, CT: Zeig, Theisen, & Tucker. Raymond G. Helmick, & Rodney Petersen. (2001). Forgiveness & Reconciliation: Public Policy & Conflict Transformation. Templeton Press. Krause, N. y Ellison, C.G. (2003). Forgiveness by God, forgiveness of others, and psychological well-being in late life. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 42(1), 77-93. Laifa, M., Akrouf, S., & Mammeri, R. (2018). Forgiveness and trust dynamics on social networks. Adaptive Behavior, 26(2), 65-83. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059712318762733 Lang, P.J. (1979). A bio-informational theory of emotional imagery. Psychophysiology, 16, 495-512. Lawler-Row, K. A., Karremans, J. C., Scott, C., EdlisMatityahou, M., & Edwards, L. (2008). Forgiveness, physiological reactivity and health: The role of anger. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 68, 51-58. Lang, P.J. (1995). The emotion probe: Studies of motivation and attention. American Psychologist, 50, 372-385. Lederach, J.P. Sustainable reconciliation in divided societies. United States Institute of Peace Press. McCullough, M. E., Worthington, E. L., Jr., & Rachal, K. C. (1997). Interpersonal forgiving in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 321-336. Nadler, A., & Liviatan, I. (2006). Intergroup reconciliation: effects of adversary's expressions of empathy, responsibility, and recipients' trust. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32(4), 459-470. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1177/0146167205276431 Osler, L. (2021). Taking empathy online. Inquiry, 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020174x.2021.1899045 Robbennolt, J. K. (2003). Apologies and legal settlement: An empirical examination. Michigan Law Review, 102, 460-517. Sandlin, J. K., & Gracyalny, M. L. (2019). Seeking sincerity, finding forgiveness: YouTube apologies as image repair. Public Relations Review, 44(3), 393-406. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1016/j.pubrev.2018.04.007 Sandlin, J. & Gracyalny, M (2020). Fandom, forgiveness and future support: YouTube apologies as crisis communication. Journal of Communication Management, 24(1), 1-18. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1108/JCOM-06-2019-0096 Schlenker, B. R. (1980). Impression Management: The Self-Concept, Social Identity, and Interpersonal Relations. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole. Schmitt, M., Gollwitzer, M., Förster, N., & Montada, L. (2004). Effects of Objective and Subjective Account Components on Forgiving. Journal of Social Psychology, 144(5), 465-485. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.3200/SOCP.144.5.465-486 Shnabel, N., & Nadler, A. (2008). A Needs-Based Model of Reconciliation: Satisfying the Differential Emotional Needs of Victim and Perpetrator as a Key to Promoting Reconciliation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(1), 116-132. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1037/0022-3514.94.1.116 Spencer, T. (2020) Vloggers' And Viewers' Co-constructed Relational Repair Strategies: The Secret Sauce Of Sincerity. Staub, E., Pearlman, L. A., Gubin, A., & Hagengimana, A. (2005). Healing, reconciliation, forgiving and the prevention of violence after genocide or mass killing: An intervention and its experimental evaluation in Rwanda. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 24, 297-334. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.24.3.297.65617 Strelan, P., Karremans, J. C., & Krieg, J. (2017). What determines forgiveness in close relationships? The role of post-transgression trust. British Journal of Social Psychology, 56(1), 161-180. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12173 Tabak B. A., McCullough M. E., Luna L. R., Bono G., Berry J. W. (2012). Conciliatory gestures facilitate forgiveness and feelings of friendship by making transgressors appear more agreeable. J. Pers. 80, 503-536. 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2011.00728.x [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Ref list] Toussaint, L., & Webb, J. R. (2005). Theoretical and empirical connections between forgiveness, mental health, and well-being. Tucker, S., Turner N., Barling, J. Reid, M. & Elving, C. (2006). Apologies and Transformational Leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 63(2), 195-207. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1007/s10551-005-3571-0 Todd Hall, & Keren Yarhi-Milo. (2012). The Personal Touch: Leaders Impressions, Costly Signaling, and Assessments of Sincerity in International Affairs. International Studies Quarterly, 56(3), 560-573. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2012.00731.x Toussaint, L., Worthington, E. & David R. Williams. (2015). Forgiveness and Health : Scientific Evidence and Theories Relating Forgiveness to Better Health. Springer. Vasalou, A., Hopfensitz, A., & Pitt, J. V. (2008). In praise of forgiveness: Ways for repairing trust breakdowns in one-off online interactions. International Journal of Human - Computer Studies, 66(6), 466-480. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2008.02.001 Wade, N. G., & Worthington, E. L., Jr. (2003). Overcoming interpersonal offenses: Is forgiveness the only way to deal with unforgiveness? Journal of Counseling and Development, 81, 343-353. Witvliet, C.V.O., & Vrana, S.R. (1995). Psychophysiological responses as indices of affective dimensions. Psychophysiology, 32, 436-443. Worthington, E. L. (2005). Handbook of forgiveness. Routledge. Worthington, E. L. (2006). Forgiveness and reconciliation : theory and application. Routledge. Zamudio, A. (2020). Corpus Lingüistico y Análisis de Conversación.
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spelling	Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Jiménez Leal, William Alexandervirtual::13386-1Moncayo Salas, Laura1fc69983-0b67-410e-9961-152d0e752b2f600Sánchez Cruz, Julio Eduardo2022-07-05T14:53:44Z2022-07-05T14:53:44Z2022-01-18http://hdl.handle.net/1992/58504instname:Universidad de los Andesreponame:Repositorio Institucional Sénecarepourl:https://repositorio.uniandes.edu.co/An effective apology could have long lasting effects in social groups allowing the transformation of feelings and attitudes related to resentment, anger and guilt, at the same time that facilitates the reconstruction of cooperative and friendly relations. Therefore, in this document I will analyze the impact of an effective apology in the forgiveness process in social media. We developed a corpus linguistic analysis and a behavioural and physiological experiment to understand the relationship between an effective apology and forgiveness characteristicsPsicólogoPregrado50 páginasapplication/pdfengUniversidad de los AndesPsicologíaFacultad de Ciencias SocialesDepartamento de PsicologíaThe power of an effective apology in the process of forgiveness and reconciliation in social mediaTrabajo de grado - Pregradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fTexthttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TPApologyForgivenessSocial mediaPerdónReconciliaciónRedes sociales en líneaPsicologíaAmelia Cornish, Bethany Wilson, David Raubenheimer, & Paul McGreevy. (2018). Demographics Regarding Belief in Non-Human Animal Sentience and Emotional Empathy with Animals: A Pilot Study among Attendees of an Animal Welfare Symposium. Animals, 8(10), 174. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani8100174Bar-Siman-Tov, Y. (2004). From Conflict Resolution to Reconciliation. Oxford: University Press.Baumeister, R. F., Exline, J. J., & Sommer, K. L. (1998). The victim role, grudge theory, and two dimensions of forgiveness. In E. L. Worthington, Jr. (Ed.), Dimensions of forgiveness: Psychological research and theological speculations (pp. 79-104). Philadelphia: The Templeton Foundation Press.Brooks, R. L. (1999). When sorry isn't enough: The controversy over apologies and reparations for human injustice. New York: New York University Press.VanOyen, C Ludwig, E & Vander Laan. , K (2001). Granting Forgiveness or Harboring Grudges: Implications for Emotion, Physiology, and Health. Psychological Science, 12(2), 117-123.Cornish, M. A., Guyll, M., Wade, N. G., Lannin, D. G., Madon, S., & Chason, K. C. (2018). Does empathy promotion necessarily lead to greater forgiveness? An experimental examination. Current Psychology: A Journal for Diverse Perspectives on Diverse Psychological Issues. Advance online publication. https://doiorg.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1007/s12144-018-9816-8Enright, R. (1991). The moral development of forgiveness. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272565722_The_moral_development_of_forgivenessExline, J. J., Deshea, L., & Holeman, V. T. (2007). Is apology worth the risk? Predictors, outcomes, and ways to avoid regret. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 26(4), 479-504. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1521/jscp.2007.26.4.479Fehr, R., & Gelfand, M. J. (2010). When apologies work: How matching apology components to victims- self-construals facilitates forgiveness. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 113(1), 37-50. https://doiorg.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1016/j.obhdp.2010.04.002Girlea, C., & Girju, R. (2017). Decoding the perception of sincerity in written dialogues. 2017 Seventh International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction (ACII), Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction (ACII), 2017 Seventh International Conference On, 448-455. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1109/ACII.2017.8273638Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction ritual. Oxford, England: Aldine.Hargrave, T. (2001). Forgiving the devil: Coming to terms with damaged relationships. Redding, CT: Zeig, Theisen, & Tucker.Raymond G. Helmick, & Rodney Petersen. (2001). Forgiveness & Reconciliation: Public Policy & Conflict Transformation. Templeton Press.Krause, N. y Ellison, C.G. (2003). Forgiveness by God, forgiveness of others, and psychological well-being in late life. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 42(1), 77-93.Laifa, M., Akrouf, S., & Mammeri, R. (2018). Forgiveness and trust dynamics on social networks. Adaptive Behavior, 26(2), 65-83. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059712318762733Lang, P.J. (1979). A bio-informational theory of emotional imagery. Psychophysiology, 16, 495-512.Lawler-Row, K. A., Karremans, J. C., Scott, C., EdlisMatityahou, M., & Edwards, L. (2008). Forgiveness, physiological reactivity and health: The role of anger. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 68, 51-58.Lang, P.J. (1995). The emotion probe: Studies of motivation and attention. American Psychologist, 50, 372-385.Lederach, J.P. Sustainable reconciliation in divided societies. United States Institute of Peace Press.McCullough, M. E., Worthington, E. L., Jr., & Rachal, K. C. (1997). Interpersonal forgiving in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 321-336.Nadler, A., & Liviatan, I. (2006). Intergroup reconciliation: effects of adversary's expressions of empathy, responsibility, and recipients' trust. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32(4), 459-470. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1177/0146167205276431Osler, L. (2021). Taking empathy online. Inquiry, 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020174x.2021.1899045Robbennolt, J. K. (2003). Apologies and legal settlement: An empirical examination. Michigan Law Review, 102, 460-517.Sandlin, J. K., & Gracyalny, M. L. (2019). Seeking sincerity, finding forgiveness: YouTube apologies as image repair. Public Relations Review, 44(3), 393-406. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1016/j.pubrev.2018.04.007Sandlin, J. & Gracyalny, M (2020). Fandom, forgiveness and future support: YouTube apologies as crisis communication. Journal of Communication Management, 24(1), 1-18. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1108/JCOM-06-2019-0096Schlenker, B. R. (1980). Impression Management: The Self-Concept, Social Identity, and Interpersonal Relations. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.Schmitt, M., Gollwitzer, M., Förster, N., & Montada, L. (2004). Effects of Objective and Subjective Account Components on Forgiving. Journal of Social Psychology, 144(5), 465-485. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.3200/SOCP.144.5.465-486Shnabel, N., & Nadler, A. (2008). A Needs-Based Model of Reconciliation: Satisfying the Differential Emotional Needs of Victim and Perpetrator as a Key to Promoting Reconciliation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(1), 116-132. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1037/0022-3514.94.1.116Spencer, T. (2020) Vloggers' And Viewers' Co-constructed Relational Repair Strategies: The Secret Sauce Of Sincerity.Staub, E., Pearlman, L. A., Gubin, A., & Hagengimana, A. (2005). Healing, reconciliation, forgiving and the prevention of violence after genocide or mass killing: An intervention and its experimental evaluation in Rwanda. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 24, 297-334. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.24.3.297.65617Strelan, P., Karremans, J. C., & Krieg, J. (2017). What determines forgiveness in close relationships? The role of post-transgression trust. British Journal of Social Psychology, 56(1), 161-180. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12173Tabak B. A., McCullough M. E., Luna L. R., Bono G., Berry J. W. (2012). Conciliatory gestures facilitate forgiveness and feelings of friendship by making transgressors appear more agreeable. J. Pers. 80, 503-536. 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2011.00728.x [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Ref list]Toussaint, L., & Webb, J. R. (2005). Theoretical and empirical connections between forgiveness, mental health, and well-being.Tucker, S., Turner N., Barling, J. Reid, M. & Elving, C. (2006). Apologies and Transformational Leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 63(2), 195-207. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1007/s10551-005-3571-0Todd Hall, & Keren Yarhi-Milo. (2012). The Personal Touch: Leaders Impressions, Costly Signaling, and Assessments of Sincerity in International Affairs. International Studies Quarterly, 56(3), 560-573. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2012.00731.xToussaint, L., Worthington, E. & David R. Williams. (2015). Forgiveness and Health : Scientific Evidence and Theories Relating Forgiveness to Better Health. Springer.Vasalou, A., Hopfensitz, A., & Pitt, J. V. (2008). In praise of forgiveness: Ways for repairing trust breakdowns in one-off online interactions. International Journal of Human - Computer Studies, 66(6), 466-480. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uniandes.edu.co:8443/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2008.02.001Wade, N. G., & Worthington, E. L., Jr. (2003). Overcoming interpersonal offenses: Is forgiveness the only way to deal with unforgiveness? Journal of Counseling and Development, 81, 343-353.Witvliet, C.V.O., & Vrana, S.R. (1995). Psychophysiological responses as indices of affective dimensions. Psychophysiology, 32, 436-443.Worthington, E. L. (2005). Handbook of forgiveness. Routledge.Worthington, E. L. (2006). Forgiveness and reconciliation : theory and application. Routledge.Zamudio, A. (2020). 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The power of an effective apology in the process of forgiveness and reconciliation in social media

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