Efecto de la dieta cetogénica baja en calorías sobre la composición corporal en adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad: revisión sistemática y metanálisis

Introducción: la dieta cetogénica baja en calorías (DC) se conoce por su efecto para reducir el peso corporal. La pérdida de peso saludable debe reducir la grasa corporal y mantener la masa muscular, pero los metaanálisis previos no han evaluado estos cambios. El objetivo de este metaanálisis fue cu...

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Autores:
Díaz Muñoz, Gustavo Alfonso
Castañeda Gómez, Angela Maria
Belalcázar Monsalve , Maria Paula
Zambrano Salazar , Juan Pablo
Bautista Velandia, Maria Camila
Ballesteros Arbeláez, Felipe
Tipo de recurso:
https://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
Fecha de publicación:
2021
Institución:
Universidad El Bosque
Repositorio:
Repositorio U. El Bosque
Idioma:
spa
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.unbosque.edu.co:20.500.12495/13687
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/13687
Palabra clave:
Dieta cetogénica
Obesidad
Sobrepeso
Ketogenic diet
Obesity
Overweight
W100
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License
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International
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network_name_str Repositorio U. El Bosque
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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Efecto de la dieta cetogénica baja en calorías sobre la composición corporal en adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad: revisión sistemática y metanálisis
dc.title.translated.none.fl_str_mv Effect of a low calorie ketogenic diet on body composition in overweight and obese adults - A systematic review and meta-analysis
title Efecto de la dieta cetogénica baja en calorías sobre la composición corporal en adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad: revisión sistemática y metanálisis
spellingShingle Efecto de la dieta cetogénica baja en calorías sobre la composición corporal en adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad: revisión sistemática y metanálisis
Dieta cetogénica
Obesidad
Sobrepeso
Ketogenic diet
Obesity
Overweight
W100
title_short Efecto de la dieta cetogénica baja en calorías sobre la composición corporal en adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad: revisión sistemática y metanálisis
title_full Efecto de la dieta cetogénica baja en calorías sobre la composición corporal en adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad: revisión sistemática y metanálisis
title_fullStr Efecto de la dieta cetogénica baja en calorías sobre la composición corporal en adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad: revisión sistemática y metanálisis
title_full_unstemmed Efecto de la dieta cetogénica baja en calorías sobre la composición corporal en adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad: revisión sistemática y metanálisis
title_sort Efecto de la dieta cetogénica baja en calorías sobre la composición corporal en adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad: revisión sistemática y metanálisis
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Díaz Muñoz, Gustavo Alfonso
Castañeda Gómez, Angela Maria
Belalcázar Monsalve , Maria Paula
Zambrano Salazar , Juan Pablo
Bautista Velandia, Maria Camila
Ballesteros Arbeláez, Felipe
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Díaz Muñoz , Gustavo Alfonso
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Díaz Muñoz, Gustavo Alfonso
Castañeda Gómez, Angela Maria
Belalcázar Monsalve , Maria Paula
Zambrano Salazar , Juan Pablo
Bautista Velandia, Maria Camila
Ballesteros Arbeláez, Felipe
dc.contributor.orcid.none.fl_str_mv Díaz Muñoz, Gustavo Alfonso [0000-0002-9216-7873]
Castañeda Gómez, Angela Maria [0000-0003-3022-2352]
Belalcázar Monsalve, Maria Paula [0000-0002-5439-2260]
Zambrano Salazar, Juan Pablo [0000-0001-6544-046X]
Bautista Velandia, Maria Camila [0000-0001-7009-0302]
Ballesteros Arbeláez , Felipe [0000-0002-8227-5256]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Dieta cetogénica
Obesidad
Sobrepeso
topic Dieta cetogénica
Obesidad
Sobrepeso
Ketogenic diet
Obesity
Overweight
W100
dc.subject.keywords.none.fl_str_mv Ketogenic diet
Obesity
Overweight
dc.subject.nlm.none.fl_str_mv W100
description Introducción: la dieta cetogénica baja en calorías (DC) se conoce por su efecto para reducir el peso corporal. La pérdida de peso saludable debe reducir la grasa corporal y mantener la masa muscular, pero los metaanálisis previos no han evaluado estos cambios. El objetivo de este metaanálisis fue cuantificar el efecto de la dieta cetogénica comparada con una dieta hipocalórica (DH), sobre los cambios de composición corporal en adultos con exceso de peso. Métodos: se realizó una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis según la metodología Cochrane. Se consultaron 5 bases de datos usando los términos “Body Weight” OR “Body Composition” AND “Diet, Ketogenic”. Se incluyeron estudios experimentales controlados, seguimiento ≥4 semanas realizados en adultos con IMC ≥25 kg/m2 y desenlaces de peso y composición corporal. Resultados: la búsqueda arrojó 492 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 10 para el metaanálisis y solo 3 presentaron bajo riesgo de sesgo. El metaanálisis indicó que la dieta cetogénica, respecto a la dieta hipocalórica, promueve mayor pérdida de peso (-6,9 kg, intervalo de confianza [IC] 95 %: -10,4; -3,3), de índice de masa corporal (IMC; -1,6 kg/m2; IC 95 %: -3,0; -0,2) y masa grasa (-0,8 kg; IC 95 %: -1,1; -0,5). No se encontró suficiente información para indagar sobre la masa muscular. Los riesgos de sesgo junto con el sesgo de publicación y de reporte podrían estar sobreestimando el efecto de la dieta cetogénica. Conclusiones: en adultos con exceso de peso y con seguimiento hasta de 12 meses, la dieta cetogénica, comparada con la dieta hipocalórica, presentó mayor pérdida de peso, disminución del IMC y reducción en la masa grasa, pero podría estar sobreestimado por sesgos de publicación o reporte. Por lo anterior, se considera innecesario emplear la dieta cetogénica para el control del peso corporal.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2021-03
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2024-12-11T21:39:49Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2024-12-11T21:39:49Z
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.local.spa.fl_str_mv Tesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Pregrado
dc.type.coar.none.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
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dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv instname:Universidad El Bosque
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosque
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dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv spa
eng
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv pt
language_invalid_str_mv pt
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dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv 1. Castellana M, Conte E, Cignarelli A, et al. Efficacy and safety of very low calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) in patients with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2020;21(1):5-16. doi: 10.1007/s11154-019-09514-y
2. Bueno NB, De Melo ISV, De Oliveira SL, et al. Very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet v. low-fat diet for long-term weight loss: A meta-analysis of Randomised controlled trials. Br J Nutr. 2013;110(7):1178-87. doi: 10.1017/S0007114513000548
3. Fasulo L, Semprino M, Caraballo R. El equipo multidisciplinario en la aplicación clínica de la dieta cetogénica [Multidisciplinary teamwork in the clinical application of the ketogenic diet]. Medicina (B Aires). 2019;79(3):225-231
4. Cederholm T, Barazzoni R, Austin P, et al. ESPEN guidelines on definitions and terminology of clinical nutrition. Clin Nutr. 2017;36(1):49-64. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.09.004
5. Pamuk B, Yilmaz H, Kebapçilar L, et al. The effect of orlistat and weight loss diet on plasma ghrelin and obestatin. J Res Med Sci. 2018;23(1):95. doi: 10.4103/jrms.JRMS_928_17
6. Nguyen NT, Varela JE. Bariatric surgery for obesity and metabolic disorders: State of the art. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;14(3):160-9. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2016.170
7. Painter SL, Ahmed R, Kushner RF, et al. Expert coaching in weight loss: Retrospective analysis. J Med Internet Res. 2018;20(3):e92. doi: 10.2196/jmir.9738
8. Ardavani A, Aziz H, Smith K, et al. The Effects of Very Low Energy Diets and Low Energy Diets with Exercise Training on Skeletal Muscle Mass: A Narrative Review. Adv Ther. 2020;38(1):149-63. doi: 10.1007/s12325-020-01562-0
9. Rondanelli M, Faliva MA, Gasparri C, et al. Current opinion on dietary advice in order to preserve fat-free mass during a low-calorie diet. Nutrition. 2020;72:110667. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.110667
10. Beaudart C, Zaaria M, Pasleau F, et al. Health Outcomes of Sarcopenia : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0169548. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169548
11. Ge L, Sadeghirad B, Ball GDC, et al. Comparison of dietary macronutrient patterns of 14 popular named dietary programmes for weight and cardiovascular risk factor reduction in adults: Systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ. 2020;369(9):e230. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m696
12. Merra G, Gratteri S, De Lorenzo A, et al. Effects of very-low-calorie diet on body composition, metabolic state, and genes expression: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2017;21(2):329-45.
13. Romano L, Marchetti M, Gualtieri P, et al. Effects of a personalized VLCKD on body composition and resting energy expenditure in the reversal of diabetes to prevent complications. Nutrients. 2019;11(7):1526. doi: 10.3390/nu11071526
14. Gomez-Arbelaez D, Crujeiras AB, Castro AI, et al. Acid–base safety during the course of a very low-calorie-ketogenic diet. Endocrine. 2017;58(1):81-90. doi: 10.1007/s12020-017-1405-3
15. Feinman RD. The biochemistry of low-carbohydrate and ketogenic diets. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2020;27(5):261-8. doi: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000575
16. Di Rosa C, Lattanzi G, Taylor SF, et al. Very low calorie ketogenic diets in overweight and obesity treatment: Effects on anthropometric parameters, body composition, satiety, lipid profile and microbiota. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2020;14(6):491-503. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2020.08.009
17. Paoli A, Moro T, Bosco G, et al. Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3) supplementation on some cardiovascular risk factors with a ketogenic mediterranean diet. Mar Drugs. 2015;13(2):996-09. doi: 10.3390/md13020996
18. Moreno B, Crujeiras AB, Bellido D, et al. Obesity treatment by very low-calorie-ketogenic diet at two years: reduction in visceral fat and on the burden of disease. Endocrine. 2016;54(3):681-90. doi: 10.1007/s12020-016-1050-2
19. Lee HS, Lee J. Effects of Combined Exercise and Low Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet Interventions on Waist Circumference and Triglycerides in Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(2):828. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18020828
20. Naude CE, Schoonees A, Senekal M, et al. Low carbohydrate versus isoenergetic balanced diets for reducing weight and cardiovascular risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2014;9(7):e100652. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100652
21. Gomez-Arbelaez D, Bellido D, Castro AI, et al. Body composition changes after very-low-calorie ketogenic diet in obesity evaluated by 3 standardized methods. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017;102(2):488-98. doi: 10.1210/jc.2016-2385
22. Perticone M, Maio R, Sciacqua A, et al. Ketogenic diet-induced weight loss is associated with an increase in Vitamin D levels in obese adults. Molecules. 2019;24(13):2499. doi: 10.3390/molecules24132499
23. Sajoux I, Lorenzo PM, Gomez-Arbelaez D, et al. Effect of a very-low-calorie ketogenic diet on circulating myokine levels compared with the effect of bariatric surgery or a low-calorie diet in patients with obesity. Nutrients. 2019;11(10):2368. doi: 10.3390/nu11102368
24. Saslow L, Daubenmier J, Moskowitz J, et al. Twelve-month outcomes of a randomized trial of a moderate-carbohydrate versus very low-carbohydrate diet in overweight adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus or prediabetes. Nutr Diabetes. 2017;(7):304. doi: 10.1038/s41387-017-0006-9
25. Goday A, Bellido D, Sajoux I, et al. Short-Term safety, tolerability and efficacy of a very low-calorie-ketogenic diet interventional weight loss program versus hypocaloric diet in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nutr Diabetes. 2016;6(9):e230. doi: 10.1038/nutd.2016.36
26. Rubini A, Bosco G, Lodi A, et al. Effects of Twenty Days of the Ketogenic Diet on Metabolic and Respiratory Parameters in Healthy Subjects. Lung. 2015;193(6):939-45. doi: 10.1007/s00408-015-9806-7
27. Hussain T, Mathew T, Dashti A, et al. Effect of low-calorie versus low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet in type 2 diabetes. Nutrition. 2012;28:1016-21. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2012.01.016
28. Westman E, Yancy W, Mavropoulos J, et al. The effect of a low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet versus a low-glycemic index diet on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2008;(5):36. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-5-36
29. Johnston CS, Tjonn SL, Swan PD, et al. Ketogenic low-carbohydrate diets have no metabolic advantage over nonketogenic low-carbohydrate diets. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83(5):1055-61. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/83.5.1055
30. Yancy WS, Olsen MK, Guyton JR, et al. A Low-Carbohydrate, Ketogenic Diet versus a Low-Fat Diet to Treat Obesity and Hyperlipidemia: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140(10):769-77. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-140-10-200405180-00006
31. Mansoor N, Vinknes KJ, Veierod MB, et al. Effects of low-carbohydrate diets v. low-fat diets on body weight and cardiovascular risk factors a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Nutr. 2016;115(3):466-79. doi: 10.1017/S0007114515004699
32. Sackner-Bernstein J, Kanter D, Kaul S. Dietary intervention for overweight and obese adults: comparison of low- carbohydrate and low-fat diets. a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2015;10(10):e0139817. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139817
33. Tobias DK, Chen M, Manson JAE, et al. Effect of low-fat diet interventions versus other diet interventions on long-term weight change in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015;3(12):968-79. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(15)00367-8
34. Canuto R, Garcez A, de Souza RV, et al. Nutritional intervention strategies for the management of overweight and obesity in primary health care: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2021;22(3):e13143. doi: 10.1111/obr.13143
35. Fechner E, Smeets ETHC, Schrauwen P, et al. The effects of different degrees of carbohydrate restriction and carbohydrate replacement on cardiometabolic risk markers in humans—a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2020;12(4):991. doi: 10.3390/nu12040991
36. Choi YJ, Jeon SM, Shin S. Impact of a ketogenic diet on metabolic parameters in patients with obesity or overweight and with or without type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrients. 2020;12(7):1-19. doi: 10.3390/nu12072005
37. Poggiogalle E, Parrinello E, Barazzoni R, et al. Therapeutic strategies for sarcopenic obesity: a systematic review. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2021;24(1):33-41. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000714
38. Paoli A, Cancellara P, Pompei P, et al. Ketogenic diet and skeletal muscle hypertrophy: A Frenemy relationship? J Hum Kinet. 2019;68(1):233-47. doi: 10.2478/hukin-2019-0071
39.Nakao R, Abe T, Yamamoto S, et al. Ketogenic diet induces skeletal muscle atrophy via reducing muscle protein synthesis and possibly activating proteolysis in mice. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):19614-52. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56166-8
40. Churuangsuk C, Griffiths D, Lean MEJ, et al. Impacts of carbohydrate-restricted diets on micronutrient intakes and status: A systematic review. Obes Rev. 2019;20(8):1132-47. doi: 10.1111/obr.12857
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spelling Díaz Muñoz , Gustavo AlfonsoDíaz Muñoz, Gustavo AlfonsoCastañeda Gómez, Angela MariaBelalcázar Monsalve , Maria PaulaZambrano Salazar , Juan PabloBautista Velandia, Maria CamilaBallesteros Arbeláez, FelipeDíaz Muñoz, Gustavo Alfonso [0000-0002-9216-7873]Castañeda Gómez, Angela Maria [0000-0003-3022-2352]Belalcázar Monsalve, Maria Paula [0000-0002-5439-2260]Zambrano Salazar, Juan Pablo [0000-0001-6544-046X]Bautista Velandia, Maria Camila [0000-0001-7009-0302]Ballesteros Arbeláez , Felipe [0000-0002-8227-5256]2024-12-11T21:39:49Z2024-12-11T21:39:49Z2021-03https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/13687instname:Universidad El Bosquereponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosquerepourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.coIntroducción: la dieta cetogénica baja en calorías (DC) se conoce por su efecto para reducir el peso corporal. La pérdida de peso saludable debe reducir la grasa corporal y mantener la masa muscular, pero los metaanálisis previos no han evaluado estos cambios. El objetivo de este metaanálisis fue cuantificar el efecto de la dieta cetogénica comparada con una dieta hipocalórica (DH), sobre los cambios de composición corporal en adultos con exceso de peso. Métodos: se realizó una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis según la metodología Cochrane. Se consultaron 5 bases de datos usando los términos “Body Weight” OR “Body Composition” AND “Diet, Ketogenic”. Se incluyeron estudios experimentales controlados, seguimiento ≥4 semanas realizados en adultos con IMC ≥25 kg/m2 y desenlaces de peso y composición corporal. Resultados: la búsqueda arrojó 492 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 10 para el metaanálisis y solo 3 presentaron bajo riesgo de sesgo. El metaanálisis indicó que la dieta cetogénica, respecto a la dieta hipocalórica, promueve mayor pérdida de peso (-6,9 kg, intervalo de confianza [IC] 95 %: -10,4; -3,3), de índice de masa corporal (IMC; -1,6 kg/m2; IC 95 %: -3,0; -0,2) y masa grasa (-0,8 kg; IC 95 %: -1,1; -0,5). No se encontró suficiente información para indagar sobre la masa muscular. Los riesgos de sesgo junto con el sesgo de publicación y de reporte podrían estar sobreestimando el efecto de la dieta cetogénica. Conclusiones: en adultos con exceso de peso y con seguimiento hasta de 12 meses, la dieta cetogénica, comparada con la dieta hipocalórica, presentó mayor pérdida de peso, disminución del IMC y reducción en la masa grasa, pero podría estar sobreestimado por sesgos de publicación o reporte. Por lo anterior, se considera innecesario emplear la dieta cetogénica para el control del peso corporal.Médico CirujanoPregradoIntroduction: low-calorie ketogenic diet is known for its effect on reducing body weight. Healthy weight loss should reduce the body fat and maintain the muscle mass, but previous meta-analyses have not evaluated these changes. The objective of this meta-analysis was to quantify the effect of ketogenic diet compared to a hypocaloric diet, on changes in body composition in overweight adults. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out according to Cochrane methodology. Five databases were consulted using the terms “Body Weight” OR “Body Composition” AND “Diet, Ketogenic”. Controlled experimental studies, with a follow-up ≥4 weeks conducted in adults with body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 and reported weight and body composition outcomes were included. Results: The search yielded 492 articles, of which 10 were selected for meta-analysis and 3 had low risk of bias. Our meta-analysis indicates that ketogenic diet promotes greater weight loss than hypocaloric diet (-6,9 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -10.4; -3.3), BMI (-1.6 kg/m2; 95% CI: -3.0; -0.2), and fat mass (-0.8 kg; 95% CI: -1.1; -0.5). Not enough information was found to inquire about muscle mass and exercise. The risks of bias together with publication and reporting bias could be overestimating the effect of ketogenic diet. Conclusions: In overweight adults with a follow-up of up to 12 months, ketogenic diet compared with HD showed loss of weight, BMI and fat mass, but it could be overestimated due to publication and reporting biases. Therefore, it is considered unnecessary to use ketogenic diet to control body weight.application/pdfptspaengAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/Acceso abiertohttps://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Dieta cetogénicaObesidadSobrepesoKetogenic dietObesityOverweightW100Efecto de la dieta cetogénica baja en calorías sobre la composición corporal en adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad: revisión sistemática y metanálisisEffect of a low calorie ketogenic diet on body composition in overweight and obese adults - A systematic review and meta-analysisMedicinaUniversidad El BosqueFacultad de MedicinaTesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Pregradohttps://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1finfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesishttps://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa1. Castellana M, Conte E, Cignarelli A, et al. 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