Fiebre reumática aguda y compromiso cardiaco, experiencia en un Hospital Pediátrico de Colombia, 2006-2020

La fiebre reumática aguda (FRA) es la principal causa de enfermedad cardiaca adquirida en niños y adultos jóvenes en países en desarrollo. Describir la presentación clínica y epidemiológica de pacientes menores de 18 años con FRA en un hospital pediátrico en Colombia en un período de 15 años (2006-2...

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Autores:: Lozano Espinosa, Diego Alejandro

Tipo de recurso:: https://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f

Fecha de publicación:: 2024

Institución:: Universidad El Bosque

Repositorio:: Repositorio U. El Bosque

Idioma:: spa

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repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv	Fiebre reumática aguda y compromiso cardiaco, experiencia en un Hospital Pediátrico de Colombia, 2006-2020
dc.title.translated.none.fl_str_mv	Acute rheumatic fever and cardiac compromise, Experience in a Pediatric Hospital in Colombia, 2006-2020
title	Fiebre reumática aguda y compromiso cardiaco, experiencia en un Hospital Pediátrico de Colombia, 2006-2020
spellingShingle	Fiebre reumática aguda y compromiso cardiaco, experiencia en un Hospital Pediátrico de Colombia, 2006-2020 Fiebre Reumática Aguda Carditis Carditis Subclínica Corea Artritis Acute Rheumatic Fever Carditis Subclinical Carditis Chorea Arthritis WS290
title_short	Fiebre reumática aguda y compromiso cardiaco, experiencia en un Hospital Pediátrico de Colombia, 2006-2020
title_full	Fiebre reumática aguda y compromiso cardiaco, experiencia en un Hospital Pediátrico de Colombia, 2006-2020
title_fullStr	Fiebre reumática aguda y compromiso cardiaco, experiencia en un Hospital Pediátrico de Colombia, 2006-2020
title_full_unstemmed	Fiebre reumática aguda y compromiso cardiaco, experiencia en un Hospital Pediátrico de Colombia, 2006-2020
title_sort	Fiebre reumática aguda y compromiso cardiaco, experiencia en un Hospital Pediátrico de Colombia, 2006-2020
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Lozano Espinosa, Diego Alejandro
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv	Matiz Mejia, Sandra Báez Camacho, Martha Lucia
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Lozano Espinosa, Diego Alejandro
dc.contributor.orcid.none.fl_str_mv	Lozano Espinosa, Diego Alejandro [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5070-6843]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv	Fiebre Reumática Aguda Carditis Carditis Subclínica Corea Artritis
topic	Fiebre Reumática Aguda Carditis Carditis Subclínica Corea Artritis Acute Rheumatic Fever Carditis Subclinical Carditis Chorea Arthritis WS290
dc.subject.keywords.none.fl_str_mv	Acute Rheumatic Fever Carditis Subclinical Carditis Chorea Arthritis
dc.subject.nlm.none.fl_str_mv	WS290
description	La fiebre reumática aguda (FRA) es la principal causa de enfermedad cardiaca adquirida en niños y adultos jóvenes en países en desarrollo. Describir la presentación clínica y epidemiológica de pacientes menores de 18 años con FRA en un hospital pediátrico en Colombia en un período de 15 años (2006-2020), haciendo énfasis en el compromiso cardiaco. Metodología. Estudio retrospectivo de niños con FRA durante 15 años (2006 a 2020). Setenta pacientes menores de 18 años con FRA. La mayoría de los pacientes con FRA fueron niñas (44/70, 62.9%). El promedio de edad fue de 10 años. De los criterios mayores, la corea fue la más frecuente (51/70, 72.8%), seguida de la carditis (31/70, 44.2%). Los casos de FRA fueron proporcionalmente más frecuentes desde 2015 (43/70, 61,4%), al igual que la frecuencia de carditis (19/31, 61,2%) y carditis subclínica (7/11, 63,6%). Ocho porciento tuvo prolongación del PR.
publishDate	2024
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2024-08-01T21:02:13Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2024-08-01T21:02:13Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2024-07
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.local.spa.fl_str_mv	Tesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Especialización
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dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
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format	https://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/12789
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv	instname:Universidad El Bosque
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv	reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosque
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url	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/12789
identifier_str_mv	instname:Universidad El Bosque reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosque repourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv	spa
language	spa
dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv	1. Cunningham MW. Rheumatic fever, autoimmunity, and molecular mimicry: the streptococcal connection. Int Rev Immunol. 2014 Jul-Aug;33(4):314-29. 2. Guilherme L, Kalil J. Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease: cellular mechanisms leading autoimmune reactivity and disease. J Clin Immunol. 2010 Jan;30(1):17-23. 3. Cunningham MW. Streptococcus and rheumatic fever. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2012 Jul;24(4):408-16. 4. El-Hagrassy N, El-Chennawi F, Zaki Mel-S, Fawzy H, Zaki A, Joseph N. HLA class I and class II HLA DRB profiles in Egyptian children with rheumatic valvular disease. Pediatr Cardiol. 2010 Jul;31(5):650-6. 5. Bryant PA, Robins-Browne R, Carapetis JR, Curtis N. Some of the people, some of the time: susceptibility to acute rheumatic fever. Circulation. 2009 Feb 10;119(5):742-53. 6. de Dassel JL, Ralph AP, Carapetis JR. Controlling acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in developing countries: are we getting closer? Curr Opin Pediatr. 2015 Feb;27(1):116-23. 7. Galvin JE, Hemric ME, Ward K, Cunningham MW. Cytotoxic mAb from rheumatic carditis recognizes heart valves and laminin. J Clin Invest. 2000 Jul;106(2):217-24. 8. Steer AC. Historical aspects of rheumatic fever. J Paediatr Child Health. 2015 Jan;51(1):21-7. 9. Gewitz MH, Baltimore RS, Tani LY, Sable CA, Shulman ST, Carapetis J, et al; American Heart Association Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young. Revision of the Jones Criteria for the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever in the era of Doppler echocardiography: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2015 May 19;131(20):1806-18. 10. Burke RJ, Chang C. Diagnostic criteria of acute rheumatic fever. Autoimmun Rev. 2014 Apr-May;13(4-5):503-7. 11. Marijon E, Mirabel M, Celermajer DS, Jouven X. Rheumatic heart disease. Lancet. 2012 Mar 10;379(9819):953-964. 12. Carapetis JR, Steer AC, Mulholland EK, Weber M. The global burden of group A streptococcal diseases. Lancet Infect Dis. 2005 Nov;5(11):685-94. 13. Watkins DA, Johnson CO, Colquhoun SM, Karthikeyan G, Beaton A, et al. Global, Regional, and National Burden of Rheumatic Heart Disease, 1990-2015. N Engl J Med. 2017 Aug 24;377(8):713-722. 14. Tibazarwa KB, Volmink JA, Mayosi BM. Incidence of acute rheumatic fever in the world: a systematic review of population-based studies. Heart. 2008 Dec;94(12):1534-40. 15. Figueroa FE, Fernández MS, Valdés P, Wilson C, Lanas F, Carrión F, et al. Prospective comparison of clinical and echocardiographic diagnosis of rheumatic carditis: long term follow up of patients with subclinical disease. Heart. 2001 Apr;85(4):407-10. 16. Berríos X, del Campo E, Wilson C, Blásquez J, Morales A, Quesney F. Acute rheumatic fever in the southeastern metropolitan area of Santiago, Chile, 1976-1981. Bull Pan Am Health Organ. 1984;18(4):389-96. 17. Caldas AM, Terreri MT, Moises VA, Silva CM, Len CA, Carvalho AC, et al. What is the true frequency of carditis in acute rheumatic fever? A prospective clinical and Doppler blind study of 56 children with up to 60 months of follow-up evaluation. Pediatr Cardiol. 2008 Nov;29(6):1048-53. 18. Meneses-Silvera K, Castro-Monsalve J, Flórez-Rodríguez C, Donis I, Mendoza-Crespo SE. Enfermedad reumática cardiaca: ¿Estamos realmente haciendo lo necesario?. Rev Colomb Cardiol. 2020;27(3):189-192. 19. Malagon C, Vanessa Arango C, Catalina Mosquera A. Clinical Phenotypes at Onset of Rheumatic Fever in Pediatric Patients from Bogota, Colombia. JCR-Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 2016; 22: 145. 20. Steer AC. Historical aspects of rheumatic fever. J Paediatr Child Health. 2015 Jan;51(1):21-7. 21. Parnaby MG, Carapetis JR. Rheumatic fever in indigenous Australian children. J Paediatr Child Health. 2010 Sep;46(9):527-33. 22. Milne RJ, Lennon DR, Stewart JM, Vander Hoorn S SP. Incidence of acute rheumatic fever in New Zealand children. J Paediatr Child Health. 2012;48:685–91 23. Seckeler MD, Hoke TR. The worldwide epidemiology of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. Clin Epidemiol. 2011 Feb 22;3:67-84. 24. Stanevicha V, Eglite J, Zavadska D, Sochnevs A, Shantere R, Gardovska D. HLA class II DR and DQ genotypes and haplotypes associated with rheumatic fever among a clinically homogeneous patient population of Latvian children. Arthritis Res Ther. 2007;9(3):R58 25. Gerber MA, Baltimore RS, Eaton CB, Gewitz M, Rowley AH, Shulman ST, et al. Prevention of rheumatic fever and diagnosis and treatment of acute Streptococcal pharyngitis: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease Committee of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, the Interdisciplinary Council on Functional Genomics and Translational Biology, and the Interdisciplinary Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research: endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Circulation. 2009 Mar 24;119(11):1541-51. 26. Cilliers AM, Manyemba J, Saloojee H. Anti-inflammatory treatment for carditis in acute rheumatic fever. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(2):CD003176. 27. Guidelines for the diagnosis of rheumatic fever. Jones Criteria, 1992 update. Special Writing Group of the Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young of the American Heart Association. JAMA. 1992 Oct 21;268(15):2069-73. Erratum in: JAMA 1993 Jan 27;269(4):476. PMID: 1404745. 28. Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2004;923:1-122, back cover. PMID: 15382606. 29. Zühlke L, Karthikeyan G, Engel ME, Rangarajan S, Mackie P, Cupido-Katya, et al. Clinical Outcomes in 3343 Children and Adults With Rheumatic Heart Disease From 14 Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Two-Year Follow-Up of the Global Rheumatic Heart Disease Registry (the REMEDY Study). Circulation. 2016 Nov 8;134(19):1456-1466. 30. Erdem S, Demir F, Ayana M, Canan O, Okuducu YK, Arslan A, et al. Acute rheumatic fever in south-east of Turkey: clinical features and epidemiological evaluation of the patients over the last 25 years. Cardiol Young. 2020 Aug;30(8):1086-1094. 31. Boyarchuk O, Boytsanyuk S, Hariyan T. Acute rheumatic fever: clinical profile in children in western Ukraine. J Med Life. 2017 Apr-Jun;10(2):122-126. PMID: 28616087; PMCID: PMC5467252. 32. Marino A, Cimaz R, Pelagatti MA, Tattesi G, Biondi A, Menni L, et al. Acute Rheumatic Fever: Where Do We Stand? An Epidemiological Study in Northern Italy. Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Feb 24;8:621668. 33. Tal R, Hamad Saied M, Zidani R, Levinsky Y, Straussberg R, Amir J, Amarilyo G, Harel L. Rheumatic fever in a developed country - is it still relevant? A retrospective, 25 years follow-up. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2022 Mar 15;20(1):20. 34. Cantelmi G, Mauro A, Mellos A, Granato C, Messa F, Gicchino MF, et al. Five cases of rheumatic fever diagnosed after onset of Sydenham chorea. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2014 Sep 17;12(Suppl 1):P284. 35. Demiroren K, Yavuz H, Cam L, Oran B, Karaaslan S, Demiroren S. Sydenham's chorea: a clinical follow-up of 65 patients. J Child Neurol. 2007 May;22(5):550-4. 36. Fabi M, Calicchia M, Miniaci A, Balducci A, Tronconi E, Bonetti S, et al. Carditis in Acute Rheumatic Fever in a High-Income and Moderate-Risk Country. J Pediatr. 2019 Dec;215:187-191. 37. Agnew J, Wilson N, Skinner J, Nicholson R. Beyond first-degree heart block in the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. Cardiol Young. 2019 Jun;29(6):744-748. 38. Ralph AP, Noonan S, Wade V, Currie BJ. The 2020 Australian guideline for prevention, diagnosis and management of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. Med J Aust. 2021 Mar;214(5):220-227. 39. Patel FR, Tan JW, Rao S. Acute rheumatic fever in the paediatric population: a descriptive study in the Malaysian state of Sabah. Cardiol Young. 2022 Jan;32(1):83-87. 40. Favaretto E, Gortani G, Simonini G, Pastore S, Di Mascio A, Cimaz R, et al. Preliminary data on prednisone effectiveness in children with Sydenham chorea. Eur J Pediatr. 2020 Jun;179(6):993-997.
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spelling	Matiz Mejia, SandraBáez Camacho, Martha LuciaLozano Espinosa, Diego AlejandroLozano Espinosa, Diego Alejandro [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5070-6843]2024-08-01T21:02:13Z2024-08-01T21:02:13Z2024-07https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/12789instname:Universidad El Bosquereponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosquerepourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.coLa fiebre reumática aguda (FRA) es la principal causa de enfermedad cardiaca adquirida en niños y adultos jóvenes en países en desarrollo. Describir la presentación clínica y epidemiológica de pacientes menores de 18 años con FRA en un hospital pediátrico en Colombia en un período de 15 años (2006-2020), haciendo énfasis en el compromiso cardiaco. Metodología. Estudio retrospectivo de niños con FRA durante 15 años (2006 a 2020). Setenta pacientes menores de 18 años con FRA. La mayoría de los pacientes con FRA fueron niñas (44/70, 62.9%). El promedio de edad fue de 10 años. De los criterios mayores, la corea fue la más frecuente (51/70, 72.8%), seguida de la carditis (31/70, 44.2%). Los casos de FRA fueron proporcionalmente más frecuentes desde 2015 (43/70, 61,4%), al igual que la frecuencia de carditis (19/31, 61,2%) y carditis subclínica (7/11, 63,6%). Ocho porciento tuvo prolongación del PR.HOMI, Fundación Hospital Pediátrico la misericordiaEspecialista en Cardiología PediátricaEspecializaciónAcute rheumatic fever (ARF) is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children and young adults in developing countries. To describe the clinical and epidemiological presentation of patients under 18 years of age with ARF in a pediatric hospital in Colombia over a period of 15 years (2006-2020), emphasizing cardiac involvement. Methods. Retrospective study of children with rheumatic fever for 15 years (2006 to 2020). Seventy patients under the age of 18 with criteria for acute rheumatic fever were evaluated. Mean age was 10 years. Chorea was the most frequent manifestation (n = 51, 72.8%) followed by carditis (n = 31, 44.2%). Cases of ARF were proportionally more frequent from 2015 (43/70, 61.4%), as did the frequency of carditis (19/31, 61.2%) and subclinical carditis (7/11, 63.6%). Eight percent had a PR prolongation.application/pdfAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/Acceso abiertoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Fiebre Reumática AgudaCarditisCarditis SubclínicaCoreaArtritisAcute Rheumatic FeverCarditisSubclinical CarditisChoreaArthritisWS290Fiebre reumática aguda y compromiso cardiaco, experiencia en un Hospital Pediátrico de Colombia, 2006-2020Acute rheumatic fever and cardiac compromise, Experience in a Pediatric Hospital in Colombia, 2006-2020Especialización en Cardiología PediátricaUniversidad El BosqueFacultad de MedicinaTesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Especializaciónhttps://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1finfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesishttps://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa1. Cunningham MW. Rheumatic fever, autoimmunity, and molecular mimicry: the streptococcal connection. Int Rev Immunol. 2014 Jul-Aug;33(4):314-29.2. Guilherme L, Kalil J. Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease: cellular mechanisms leading autoimmune reactivity and disease. J Clin Immunol. 2010 Jan;30(1):17-23.3. Cunningham MW. Streptococcus and rheumatic fever. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2012 Jul;24(4):408-16.4. El-Hagrassy N, El-Chennawi F, Zaki Mel-S, Fawzy H, Zaki A, Joseph N. HLA class I and class II HLA DRB profiles in Egyptian children with rheumatic valvular disease. Pediatr Cardiol. 2010 Jul;31(5):650-6.5. Bryant PA, Robins-Browne R, Carapetis JR, Curtis N. Some of the people, some of the time: susceptibility to acute rheumatic fever. Circulation. 2009 Feb 10;119(5):742-53.6. de Dassel JL, Ralph AP, Carapetis JR. Controlling acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in developing countries: are we getting closer? Curr Opin Pediatr. 2015 Feb;27(1):116-23.7. Galvin JE, Hemric ME, Ward K, Cunningham MW. Cytotoxic mAb from rheumatic carditis recognizes heart valves and laminin. J Clin Invest. 2000 Jul;106(2):217-24.8. Steer AC. Historical aspects of rheumatic fever. J Paediatr Child Health. 2015 Jan;51(1):21-7.9. Gewitz MH, Baltimore RS, Tani LY, Sable CA, Shulman ST, Carapetis J, et al; American Heart Association Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young. Revision of the Jones Criteria for the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever in the era of Doppler echocardiography: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2015 May 19;131(20):1806-18.10. Burke RJ, Chang C. Diagnostic criteria of acute rheumatic fever. Autoimmun Rev. 2014 Apr-May;13(4-5):503-7.11. Marijon E, Mirabel M, Celermajer DS, Jouven X. Rheumatic heart disease. Lancet. 2012 Mar 10;379(9819):953-964.12. Carapetis JR, Steer AC, Mulholland EK, Weber M. The global burden of group A streptococcal diseases. Lancet Infect Dis. 2005 Nov;5(11):685-94.13. Watkins DA, Johnson CO, Colquhoun SM, Karthikeyan G, Beaton A, et al. Global, Regional, and National Burden of Rheumatic Heart Disease, 1990-2015. N Engl J Med. 2017 Aug 24;377(8):713-722.14. Tibazarwa KB, Volmink JA, Mayosi BM. Incidence of acute rheumatic fever in the world: a systematic review of population-based studies. Heart. 2008 Dec;94(12):1534-40.15. Figueroa FE, Fernández MS, Valdés P, Wilson C, Lanas F, Carrión F, et al. Prospective comparison of clinical and echocardiographic diagnosis of rheumatic carditis: long term follow up of patients with subclinical disease. Heart. 2001 Apr;85(4):407-10.16. Berríos X, del Campo E, Wilson C, Blásquez J, Morales A, Quesney F. Acute rheumatic fever in the southeastern metropolitan area of Santiago, Chile, 1976-1981. Bull Pan Am Health Organ. 1984;18(4):389-96.17. Caldas AM, Terreri MT, Moises VA, Silva CM, Len CA, Carvalho AC, et al. What is the true frequency of carditis in acute rheumatic fever? A prospective clinical and Doppler blind study of 56 children with up to 60 months of follow-up evaluation. Pediatr Cardiol. 2008 Nov;29(6):1048-53.18. Meneses-Silvera K, Castro-Monsalve J, Flórez-Rodríguez C, Donis I, Mendoza-Crespo SE. Enfermedad reumática cardiaca: ¿Estamos realmente haciendo lo necesario?. Rev Colomb Cardiol. 2020;27(3):189-192.19. Malagon C, Vanessa Arango C, Catalina Mosquera A. Clinical Phenotypes at Onset of Rheumatic Fever in Pediatric Patients from Bogota, Colombia. JCR-Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 2016; 22: 145.20. Steer AC. Historical aspects of rheumatic fever. J Paediatr Child Health. 2015 Jan;51(1):21-7.21. Parnaby MG, Carapetis JR. Rheumatic fever in indigenous Australian children. J Paediatr Child Health. 2010 Sep;46(9):527-33.22. Milne RJ, Lennon DR, Stewart JM, Vander Hoorn S SP. Incidence of acute rheumatic fever in New Zealand children. J Paediatr Child Health. 2012;48:685–9123. Seckeler MD, Hoke TR. The worldwide epidemiology of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. Clin Epidemiol. 2011 Feb 22;3:67-84.24. Stanevicha V, Eglite J, Zavadska D, Sochnevs A, Shantere R, Gardovska D. HLA class II DR and DQ genotypes and haplotypes associated with rheumatic fever among a clinically homogeneous patient population of Latvian children. Arthritis Res Ther. 2007;9(3):R5825. Gerber MA, Baltimore RS, Eaton CB, Gewitz M, Rowley AH, Shulman ST, et al. Prevention of rheumatic fever and diagnosis and treatment of acute Streptococcal pharyngitis: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease Committee of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, the Interdisciplinary Council on Functional Genomics and Translational Biology, and the Interdisciplinary Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research: endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Circulation. 2009 Mar 24;119(11):1541-51.26. Cilliers AM, Manyemba J, Saloojee H. Anti-inflammatory treatment for carditis in acute rheumatic fever. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(2):CD003176.27. Guidelines for the diagnosis of rheumatic fever. Jones Criteria, 1992 update. Special Writing Group of the Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young of the American Heart Association. JAMA. 1992 Oct 21;268(15):2069-73. Erratum in: JAMA 1993 Jan 27;269(4):476. PMID: 1404745.28. Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2004;923:1-122, back cover. PMID: 15382606.29. Zühlke L, Karthikeyan G, Engel ME, Rangarajan S, Mackie P, Cupido-Katya, et al. Clinical Outcomes in 3343 Children and Adults With Rheumatic Heart Disease From 14 Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Two-Year Follow-Up of the Global Rheumatic Heart Disease Registry (the REMEDY Study). Circulation. 2016 Nov 8;134(19):1456-1466.30. Erdem S, Demir F, Ayana M, Canan O, Okuducu YK, Arslan A, et al. Acute rheumatic fever in south-east of Turkey: clinical features and epidemiological evaluation of the patients over the last 25 years. Cardiol Young. 2020 Aug;30(8):1086-1094.31. Boyarchuk O, Boytsanyuk S, Hariyan T. Acute rheumatic fever: clinical profile in children in western Ukraine. J Med Life. 2017 Apr-Jun;10(2):122-126. PMID: 28616087; PMCID: PMC5467252.32. Marino A, Cimaz R, Pelagatti MA, Tattesi G, Biondi A, Menni L, et al. Acute Rheumatic Fever: Where Do We Stand? An Epidemiological Study in Northern Italy. Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Feb 24;8:621668.33. Tal R, Hamad Saied M, Zidani R, Levinsky Y, Straussberg R, Amir J, Amarilyo G, Harel L. Rheumatic fever in a developed country - is it still relevant? A retrospective, 25 years follow-up. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2022 Mar 15;20(1):20.34. Cantelmi G, Mauro A, Mellos A, Granato C, Messa F, Gicchino MF, et al. 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Fiebre reumática aguda y compromiso cardiaco, experiencia en un Hospital Pediátrico de Colombia, 2006-2020

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