Desenlaces cognitivos postoperatorios de pacientes llevados a cirugia no cardiaca al comparar anestesia total intravenosa y general balanceada: revisión sistemática
Dado el aumento de la esperanza de vida y la incidencia creciente de procedimientos intervencionistas en adultos mayores, se hace cada vez más frecuente el uso de anestésicos en esta población. Los desenlaces postoperatorios relacionados a la anestesia, son ítem de calidad de atención y un indicador...
- Autores:
-
Gil Duran, Katherine Melissa
- Tipo de recurso:
- https://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2024
- Institución:
- Universidad El Bosque
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio U. El Bosque
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.unbosque.edu.co:20.500.12495/12781
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/12781
- Palabra clave:
- Anestesia total intravenosa
Anestesia total balanceada
Delirio postoperatorio
cirugía no cardiaca
Disfunción cognitiva postoperatoria
Total intravenous anesthesia
Balanced general anesthesia
Postoperative delirium
Non-cardiac surgery
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction
WO 200
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- License
- Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Desenlaces cognitivos postoperatorios de pacientes llevados a cirugia no cardiaca al comparar anestesia total intravenosa y general balanceada: revisión sistemática |
dc.title.translated.none.fl_str_mv |
Postoperative cognitive otcomes in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery: a systematic review comparing total intravenous anesthesia and balanced general anesthesia |
title |
Desenlaces cognitivos postoperatorios de pacientes llevados a cirugia no cardiaca al comparar anestesia total intravenosa y general balanceada: revisión sistemática |
spellingShingle |
Desenlaces cognitivos postoperatorios de pacientes llevados a cirugia no cardiaca al comparar anestesia total intravenosa y general balanceada: revisión sistemática Anestesia total intravenosa Anestesia total balanceada Delirio postoperatorio cirugía no cardiaca Disfunción cognitiva postoperatoria Total intravenous anesthesia Balanced general anesthesia Postoperative delirium Non-cardiac surgery Postoperative cognitive dysfunction WO 200 |
title_short |
Desenlaces cognitivos postoperatorios de pacientes llevados a cirugia no cardiaca al comparar anestesia total intravenosa y general balanceada: revisión sistemática |
title_full |
Desenlaces cognitivos postoperatorios de pacientes llevados a cirugia no cardiaca al comparar anestesia total intravenosa y general balanceada: revisión sistemática |
title_fullStr |
Desenlaces cognitivos postoperatorios de pacientes llevados a cirugia no cardiaca al comparar anestesia total intravenosa y general balanceada: revisión sistemática |
title_full_unstemmed |
Desenlaces cognitivos postoperatorios de pacientes llevados a cirugia no cardiaca al comparar anestesia total intravenosa y general balanceada: revisión sistemática |
title_sort |
Desenlaces cognitivos postoperatorios de pacientes llevados a cirugia no cardiaca al comparar anestesia total intravenosa y general balanceada: revisión sistemática |
dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Gil Duran, Katherine Melissa |
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv |
Mendoza O'byrne, Mario |
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Gil Duran, Katherine Melissa |
dc.contributor.orcid.none.fl_str_mv |
Gil Duran, Katherine Melissa [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7854-169X] |
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Anestesia total intravenosa Anestesia total balanceada Delirio postoperatorio cirugía no cardiaca Disfunción cognitiva postoperatoria |
topic |
Anestesia total intravenosa Anestesia total balanceada Delirio postoperatorio cirugía no cardiaca Disfunción cognitiva postoperatoria Total intravenous anesthesia Balanced general anesthesia Postoperative delirium Non-cardiac surgery Postoperative cognitive dysfunction WO 200 |
dc.subject.keywords.none.fl_str_mv |
Total intravenous anesthesia Balanced general anesthesia Postoperative delirium Non-cardiac surgery Postoperative cognitive dysfunction |
dc.subject.nlm.none.fl_str_mv |
WO 200 |
description |
Dado el aumento de la esperanza de vida y la incidencia creciente de procedimientos intervencionistas en adultos mayores, se hace cada vez más frecuente el uso de anestésicos en esta población. Los desenlaces postoperatorios relacionados a la anestesia, son ítem de calidad de atención y un indicador para la seguridad del paciente, por lo que nos centramos en los resultados cognitivos, haciendo hincapié en el delirio posoperatorio, que se presenta entre 24 y 72 horas después de la intervención y en la disfunción cognitiva posoperatoria (POCD) con una aparición más tardía (1), cuya consecuencias pueden inclusive comprometer la vida de quienes lo padecen. Se comparo los desenlaces posoperatorios a nivel cognitivo de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía no cardiaca, que recibieron anestesia total intravenosa con los pacientes que recibieron anestesia general balanceada, para evaluar si existía un factor protector en la técnica de administración empleada, dado el creciente número de investigaciones a su alrededor. |
publishDate |
2024 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-08-01T14:54:38Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-08-01T14:54:38Z |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-07 |
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f |
dc.type.local.spa.fl_str_mv |
Tesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Especialización |
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https://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis |
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https://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa |
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https://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/12781 |
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv |
instname:Universidad El Bosque |
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosque |
dc.identifier.repourl.none.fl_str_mv |
repourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/12781 |
identifier_str_mv |
instname:Universidad El Bosque reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosque repourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co |
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spa |
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spa |
dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv |
1. Naverac HB. AnestesiaR. 2017 [citado 30 de noviembre de 2023]. Deterioro cognitivo postoperatorio y nuestro papel en anestesia. I/II. Disponible en: https://anestesiar.org/2017/deterioro-cognitivo-postoperatorio-y-nuestro-papel-en-anestesia-iii/ 2. Casas-Arroyave FD. Total intravenous anesthesia vs inhalational anesthesia in patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia. Cost-minimization study. Colomb J Anesthesiol [Internet]. 19 de enero de 2022 [citado 13 de enero de 2024];50(3). Disponible en: https://www.revcolanest.com.co/index.php/rca/article/view/1023 3. Miller D, Lewis SR, Pritchard MW, Schofield‐Robinson OJ, Shelton CL, Alderson P, et al. Intravenous versus inhalational maintenance of anaesthesia for postoperative cognitive outcomes in elderly people undergoing non‐cardiac surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev [Internet]. 2018 [citado 30 de noviembre de 2023];(8). Disponible en: https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD012317.pub2/full 4. Negrini D, Wu A, Oba A, Harnke B, Ciancio N, Krause M, et al. Incidence of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction Following Inhalational vs Total Intravenous General Anesthesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 15 de julio de 2022;18:1455-67. 5. Subramaniyan S, Terrando N. Neuroinflammation and Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders. Anesth Analg. abril de 2019;128(4):781. 6. Almuzayyen HA, Chowdhury T, Alghamdi AS. Postoperative cognitive recovery and prevention of postoperative cognitive complications in the elderly patient. Saudi J Anaesth. 2023;17(4):550-6. 7. American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and... - Google Scholar [Internet]. [citado 30 de noviembre de 2023]. Disponible en: https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Diagnostic+and+Statistical+Manual+of+Mental+Disorders:+DSM-5&publication_year=2013& 8. Ishii K, Makita T, Yamashita H, Matsunaga S, Akiyama D, Toba K, et al. Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol is associated with a lower rate of postoperative delirium in comparison with sevoflurane anesthesia in elderly patients. J Clin Anesth. 1 de septiembre de 2016;33:428-31. 9. Geng Y jie, Wu Q hua, Zhang R qin. Effect of propofol, sevoflurane, and isoflurane on postoperative cognitive dysfunction following laparoscopic cholecystectomy in elderly patients: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Anesth. 1 de mayo de 2017;38:165-71. 10. Needham MJ, Webb CE, Bryden DC. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and dementia: what we need to know and do. Br J Anaesth. 1 de diciembre de 2017;119:i115-25. dementia: what we need to know and do. Br J Anaesth. 1 de diciembre de 2017;119:i115-25. 11. Qiao Y, Feng H, Zhao T, Yan H, Zhang H, Zhao X. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction after inhalational anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing major surgery: the influence of anesthetic technique, cerebral injury and systemic inflammation. BMC Anesthesiol. 23 de octubre de 2015;15(1):154. 12. Pang QY, Duan LP, Jiang Y, Liu HL. Effects of inhalation and propofol anaesthesia on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly noncardiac surgical patients. Medicine (Baltimore). 29 de octubre de 2021;100(43):e27668. 13. Xu X, Hu Y, Yan E, Zhan G, Liu C, Yang C. Perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction: thinking from the gut? Aging. 15 de agosto de 2020;12(15):15797-817. 14. Evered LA. Predicting delirium: are we there yet? Br J Anaesth. 1 de agosto de 2017;119(2):281-3. 15. Effect of inhalational anaesthetic on postoperative cognitive dysfunction following radical rectal resection in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment - Ni Tang, Cehua Ou, Yulin Liu, Yunxia Zuo, Yipping Bai, 2014 [Internet]. [citado 11 de enero de 2024]. Disponible en: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0300060514549781?rfr_dat=cr_pub++0pubmed&url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org 16. Guo L, Lin F, Dai H, Du X, Yu M, Zhang J, et al. Impact of Sevoflurane Versus Propofol Anesthesia on Post-Operative Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Cancer Patients: A Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial. Med Sci Monit [Internet]. 15 de febrero de 2020 [citado 11 de enero de 2024];26. Disponible en: https://medscimonit.com/abstract/index/idArt/919293 17. White S. Intravenous/inhalational anaesthetic effects on cognitive outcomes in elderly people. A reply. Anaesthesia. 2019;74(8):1069-70. 18. Kletecka J, Holeckova I, Brenkus P, Pouska J, Benes J, Chytra I. Propofol versus sevoflurane anaesthesia: effect on cognitive decline and event-related potentials. J Clin Monit Comput. 1 de agosto de 2019;33(4):665-73. 19. Stern M, Nieuwenhuijs-Moeke GJ, Absalom A, van Leeuwen B, van der Wal-Huisman H, Plas M, et al. Association between anaesthesia-related factors and postoperative neurocognitive disorder: a post-hoc analysis. BMC Anesthesiol. 10 de noviembre de 2023;23(1):368. 20. A systematic review: comparative analysis of the effects of propofol and sevoflurane on postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients with lung cancer | BMC Cancer | Full Text [Internet]. [citado 11 de enero de 2024]. Disponible en: https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-019-6426-2 21. Paredes S, Cortínez L, Contreras V, Silbert B. Post-operative cognitive dysfunction at 3 months in adults after non-cardiac surgery: a qualitative systematic review. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2016;60(8):1043-58. 22. Jadad AR, Moore RA, Carroll D, Jenkinson C, Reynolds DJM, Gavaghan DJ, et al. Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: Is blinding necessary? Control Clin Trials. 1 de febrero de 1996;17(1):1-12. 23. The Cochrane Collaboration. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. The Cochrane Collaboration. 2011. Available from www.cochrane-handbook.org. 24. Meta-Analysis in Clinical Research | Annals of Internal Medicine [Internet]. [citado 14 de febrero de 2024]. Disponible en: https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-224?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed 25. Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Kunz R, Woodcock J, Brozek J, Helfand M, et al. GRADE guidelines: 7. Rating the quality of evidence--inconsistency. J Clin Epidemiol. diciembre de 2011;64(12):1294-302. 26. Moore AR, Barden J, Derry S, McQuay H. Managing potential publication bias. En: Systematic reviews in pain research: methodology refined. 2007. p. 15-23. 27. Guyatt G, Oxman AD, Sultan S, Brozek J, Glasziou P, Alonso-Coello P, et al. GRADE guidelines: 11. Making an overall rating of confidence in effect estimates for a single outcome and for all outcomes. J Clin Epidemiol. 2013;66(2):151-7. 28. Duehmke R, Derry S, Wiffen P, Bell R, Aldington D, Moore R. Tramadol for neuropathic pain in adults (review). Vol. 6, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2017. p. 1-51. 29. Sommer C, Welsch P, Klose P, Schaefert R, Petzke F, Häuser W. Opioids in chronic neuropathic pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy, tolerability and safety in randomized placebo-controlled studies of at least 4 weeks duration. Schmerz. 2015;29(1):35-46. 30. Finnerup NB, Attal N, Haroutounian S, McNicol E, Baron R, Dworkin RH, et al. Pharmacotherapy for neuropathic pain in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Neurol. 2015;14(2):162-73. 31. Miller D, Lewis SR, Pritchard MW, Schofield‐Robinson OJ, Shelton CL, Alderson P, et al. Intravenous versus inhalational maintenance of anaesthesia for postoperative cognitive outcomes in elderly people undergoing non‐cardiac surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 21 de agosto de 2018;2018(8):CD012317. 32. Ding Y, Yu J, Cui F, Li J. Comparison of Intravenous and Inhalational Anesthetic on Postoperative Cognitive Outcomes in Elderly Patients Undergoing Cancer Surgery: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Perianesth Nurs. 1 de octubre de 2022;37(5):683-90. 33. Evered L, Silbert B, Knopman DS, Scott DA, DeKosky ST, Rasmussen LS, et al. Recommendations for the nomenclature of cognitive change associated with anaesthesia and surgery-2018. Br J Anaesth. noviembre de 2018;121(5):1005-12. |
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Mendoza O'byrne, MarioGil Duran, Katherine MelissaGil Duran, Katherine Melissa [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7854-169X]2024-08-01T14:54:38Z2024-08-01T14:54:38Z2024-07https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/12781instname:Universidad El Bosquereponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosquerepourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.coDado el aumento de la esperanza de vida y la incidencia creciente de procedimientos intervencionistas en adultos mayores, se hace cada vez más frecuente el uso de anestésicos en esta población. Los desenlaces postoperatorios relacionados a la anestesia, son ítem de calidad de atención y un indicador para la seguridad del paciente, por lo que nos centramos en los resultados cognitivos, haciendo hincapié en el delirio posoperatorio, que se presenta entre 24 y 72 horas después de la intervención y en la disfunción cognitiva posoperatoria (POCD) con una aparición más tardía (1), cuya consecuencias pueden inclusive comprometer la vida de quienes lo padecen. Se comparo los desenlaces posoperatorios a nivel cognitivo de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía no cardiaca, que recibieron anestesia total intravenosa con los pacientes que recibieron anestesia general balanceada, para evaluar si existía un factor protector en la técnica de administración empleada, dado el creciente número de investigaciones a su alrededor.Especialista en AnestesiologíaEspecializaciónGiven the increase in life expectancy and the growing incidence of interventional procedures in older adults, the use of anesthetics in this population is becoming more frequent. Postoperative outcomes related to anesthesia are quality of care items and indicators for patient safety. Therefore, we focused on cognitive outcomes, emphasizing postoperative delirium, which occurs between 24 and 72 hours after the intervention, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) which has a later onset, with consequences that can compromise the lives of those affected. We compared the cognitive postoperative outcomes of patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery who received total intravenous anesthesia with those who received balanced general anesthesia to evaluate whether there was a protective factor in the administered technique, given the growing number of studies in this area.application/pdfAttribution-ShareAlike 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/Acceso abiertohttps://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Anestesia total intravenosaAnestesia total balanceadaDelirio postoperatoriocirugía no cardiacaDisfunción cognitiva postoperatoriaTotal intravenous anesthesiaBalanced general anesthesiaPostoperative deliriumNon-cardiac surgeryPostoperative cognitive dysfunctionWO 200Desenlaces cognitivos postoperatorios de pacientes llevados a cirugia no cardiaca al comparar anestesia total intravenosa y general balanceada: revisión sistemáticaPostoperative cognitive otcomes in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery: a systematic review comparing total intravenous anesthesia and balanced general anesthesiaEspecialización en AnestesiologíaUniversidad El BosqueFacultad de MedicinaTesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Especializaciónhttps://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1finfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesishttps://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa1. Naverac HB. AnestesiaR. 2017 [citado 30 de noviembre de 2023]. Deterioro cognitivo postoperatorio y nuestro papel en anestesia. I/II. Disponible en: https://anestesiar.org/2017/deterioro-cognitivo-postoperatorio-y-nuestro-papel-en-anestesia-iii/2. Casas-Arroyave FD. Total intravenous anesthesia vs inhalational anesthesia in patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia. Cost-minimization study. Colomb J Anesthesiol [Internet]. 19 de enero de 2022 [citado 13 de enero de 2024];50(3). Disponible en: https://www.revcolanest.com.co/index.php/rca/article/view/10233. Miller D, Lewis SR, Pritchard MW, Schofield‐Robinson OJ, Shelton CL, Alderson P, et al. Intravenous versus inhalational maintenance of anaesthesia for postoperative cognitive outcomes in elderly people undergoing non‐cardiac surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev [Internet]. 2018 [citado 30 de noviembre de 2023];(8). Disponible en: https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD012317.pub2/full4. Negrini D, Wu A, Oba A, Harnke B, Ciancio N, Krause M, et al. Incidence of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction Following Inhalational vs Total Intravenous General Anesthesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 15 de julio de 2022;18:1455-67.5. Subramaniyan S, Terrando N. Neuroinflammation and Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders. Anesth Analg. abril de 2019;128(4):781.6. Almuzayyen HA, Chowdhury T, Alghamdi AS. Postoperative cognitive recovery and prevention of postoperative cognitive complications in the elderly patient. Saudi J Anaesth. 2023;17(4):550-6.7. American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and... - Google Scholar [Internet]. [citado 30 de noviembre de 2023]. Disponible en: https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Diagnostic+and+Statistical+Manual+of+Mental+Disorders:+DSM-5&publication_year=2013&8. Ishii K, Makita T, Yamashita H, Matsunaga S, Akiyama D, Toba K, et al. Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol is associated with a lower rate of postoperative delirium in comparison with sevoflurane anesthesia in elderly patients. J Clin Anesth. 1 de septiembre de 2016;33:428-31.9. Geng Y jie, Wu Q hua, Zhang R qin. Effect of propofol, sevoflurane, and isoflurane on postoperative cognitive dysfunction following laparoscopic cholecystectomy in elderly patients: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Anesth. 1 de mayo de 2017;38:165-71.10. Needham MJ, Webb CE, Bryden DC. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and dementia: what we need to know and do. Br J Anaesth. 1 de diciembre de 2017;119:i115-25.dementia: what we need to know and do. Br J Anaesth. 1 de diciembre de 2017;119:i115-25. 11. Qiao Y, Feng H, Zhao T, Yan H, Zhang H, Zhao X. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction after inhalational anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing major surgery: the influence of anesthetic technique, cerebral injury and systemic inflammation. BMC Anesthesiol. 23 de octubre de 2015;15(1):154.12. Pang QY, Duan LP, Jiang Y, Liu HL. Effects of inhalation and propofol anaesthesia on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly noncardiac surgical patients. Medicine (Baltimore). 29 de octubre de 2021;100(43):e27668.13. Xu X, Hu Y, Yan E, Zhan G, Liu C, Yang C. Perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction: thinking from the gut? Aging. 15 de agosto de 2020;12(15):15797-817.14. Evered LA. Predicting delirium: are we there yet? Br J Anaesth. 1 de agosto de 2017;119(2):281-3.15. Effect of inhalational anaesthetic on postoperative cognitive dysfunction following radical rectal resection in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment - Ni Tang, Cehua Ou, Yulin Liu, Yunxia Zuo, Yipping Bai, 2014 [Internet]. [citado 11 de enero de 2024]. Disponible en: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0300060514549781?rfr_dat=cr_pub++0pubmed&url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org16. Guo L, Lin F, Dai H, Du X, Yu M, Zhang J, et al. Impact of Sevoflurane Versus Propofol Anesthesia on Post-Operative Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Cancer Patients: A Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial. Med Sci Monit [Internet]. 15 de febrero de 2020 [citado 11 de enero de 2024];26. Disponible en: https://medscimonit.com/abstract/index/idArt/91929317. White S. Intravenous/inhalational anaesthetic effects on cognitive outcomes in elderly people. A reply. Anaesthesia. 2019;74(8):1069-70.18. Kletecka J, Holeckova I, Brenkus P, Pouska J, Benes J, Chytra I. Propofol versus sevoflurane anaesthesia: effect on cognitive decline and event-related potentials. J Clin Monit Comput. 1 de agosto de 2019;33(4):665-73.19. Stern M, Nieuwenhuijs-Moeke GJ, Absalom A, van Leeuwen B, van der Wal-Huisman H, Plas M, et al. Association between anaesthesia-related factors and postoperative neurocognitive disorder: a post-hoc analysis. BMC Anesthesiol. 10 de noviembre de 2023;23(1):368.20. 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