Estado de madurez de Bracharia decumbens y la producción de metano in vitro
Abstract The livestock activity is questioned by the production of greenhouse gases (GHG) and mainly for the contribution of methane of enteric origin. Methane production per unit of ingested dry matter increases when animals are fed low quality forages. The use of low quality forages to feed rumina...
- Autores:
-
Quintero Velandia, Ronald
- Tipo de recurso:
- Work document
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2019
- Institución:
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- Repositorio:
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/75610
- Acceso en línea:
- https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/75610
- Palabra clave:
- Animales
Medicina y salud
Ciencias naturales y matemáticas
Plantas
Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas
Gas technique; Fermentation; Pastures; Killer; In vitro
Técnica de gases; Fermentación; Pasturas; Macollo; In vitro
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional
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dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Estado de madurez de Bracharia decumbens y la producción de metano in vitro |
title |
Estado de madurez de Bracharia decumbens y la producción de metano in vitro |
spellingShingle |
Estado de madurez de Bracharia decumbens y la producción de metano in vitro Animales Medicina y salud Ciencias naturales y matemáticas Plantas Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas Gas technique; Fermentation; Pastures; Killer; In vitro Técnica de gases; Fermentación; Pasturas; Macollo; In vitro |
title_short |
Estado de madurez de Bracharia decumbens y la producción de metano in vitro |
title_full |
Estado de madurez de Bracharia decumbens y la producción de metano in vitro |
title_fullStr |
Estado de madurez de Bracharia decumbens y la producción de metano in vitro |
title_full_unstemmed |
Estado de madurez de Bracharia decumbens y la producción de metano in vitro |
title_sort |
Estado de madurez de Bracharia decumbens y la producción de metano in vitro |
dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Quintero Velandia, Ronald |
dc.contributor.advisor.spa.fl_str_mv |
Carulla Fornaguera, Juan Evangelista |
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv |
Quintero Velandia, Ronald |
dc.contributor.researchgroup.spa.fl_str_mv |
GRUPO DE INVESTIGACION EN NUTRICION ANIMAL |
dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv |
Animales Medicina y salud Ciencias naturales y matemáticas Plantas Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas |
topic |
Animales Medicina y salud Ciencias naturales y matemáticas Plantas Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas Gas technique; Fermentation; Pastures; Killer; In vitro Técnica de gases; Fermentación; Pasturas; Macollo; In vitro |
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
Gas technique; Fermentation; Pastures; Killer; In vitro |
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Técnica de gases; Fermentación; Pasturas; Macollo; In vitro |
description |
Abstract The livestock activity is questioned by the production of greenhouse gases (GHG) and mainly for the contribution of methane of enteric origin. Methane production per unit of ingested dry matter increases when animals are fed low quality forages. The use of low quality forages to feed ruminants not only contributes to global warming but also implies a lower productivity due to the loss of ingested energy in the form of methane and in the feces. Improving forage quality (decrease of fiber and increase of protein) reduce methane production per unit of fermented organic matter due to modifications in the metabolic pathways of fermentation. In the Araucan piedmont, the main forage is Brachiaria spp and most of the livestock farms use Brachiaria decumbens. The number of live leaves per tiller has been suggested as a way to determine the degree of maturity of pastures. In B. decumbens, the appearance of the fifth leave causes the first leave to begin its senescence. To determine the effect of harvesting B. decumbens pastures with 3, 4, or 5, green leaves per tiller on nutritional quality, in vitro fermentation and methane production patterns, nine plots (4x5 m) were assigned to three treatments of harvest (3, 4 or 5 leaves per tiller) at random. Each plot was harvested according to the number of leaves per tiller twice after a uniform cut. Nutritional composition was determined and fermentation were carried out in vitro for 24 ha each of the materials harvested in each plot. For the analysis of the data of the variables of nutritional quality and minerals, an ANAVA was used with repeated measures in time (two cuts) and three treatments (3, 4, 5 leaves per tiller) and three repetitions (plots ). Increasing the number of leaves per tiller increased the amount of NDF (62.4 vs. 66.1%), FDA (30.7 vs. 32.5%), LG (1, 6 vs. 1.9%), while reducing PC (15 vs. 7.7%) and digestibility (64 vs 51%) (p <0.05).The mineral composition did not vary due to the time of harvest except for Fe, P, Na which decreased as the number of leaves per tiller increased (p< 0.05).Gas production was higher for immature (3 and 4 leaves) than for more mature (5 leaves) on the fisrt cut (p<0,05) but not in the second. For the analysis of gas production, methane production and AGV, the ruminal fluid factor was added to the model used, it was added this factor performing an analysis of variance (ANAVA) of repeated measures of three factors: treatments (3, 4 and 5 leaves per tiller), rumen fluid (1, 2, 3, 4) and the cut (1 and 2). Methane production per unit incubated DM was higher for harvested for pasture with leaves 3 and 4 than for 5 leaves (p< 0.05), but the methane per gram of MSD and FDNd was similar (p> 0.05).The digestibility of the fiber was higher for pastures harvested with 3 and 4 leaves than with 5 leaves (p <0.05). Harvesting pastures of B. decumbens with fewer leaves per tiller increases nutrient concentration and digestibility without modifying methane production per unit of degraded dry matter. Keywords: gas technique, fermentation, pastures, killer, in vitro. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.issued.spa.fl_str_mv |
2019-02-13 |
dc.date.accessioned.spa.fl_str_mv |
2020-02-14T20:46:12Z |
dc.date.available.spa.fl_str_mv |
2020-02-14T20:46:12Z |
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
Documento de trabajo |
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper |
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_8042 |
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv |
Text |
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/WP |
format |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_8042 |
status_str |
acceptedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/75610 |
url |
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/75610 |
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
spa |
language |
spa |
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv |
Derechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
dc.rights.license.spa.fl_str_mv |
Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional |
dc.rights.spa.spa.fl_str_mv |
Acceso abierto |
dc.rights.uri.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional Derechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombia Acceso abierto http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv |
107 |
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.branch.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá |
institution |
Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
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Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 InternacionalDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de ColombiaAcceso abiertohttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Carulla Fornaguera, Juan Evangelista53304e36-ed86-4220-bfa3-3062be81e7dd-1Quintero Velandia, Ronald05b488c7-4426-4eea-b97b-82f31be32be5GRUPO DE INVESTIGACION EN NUTRICION ANIMAL2020-02-14T20:46:12Z2020-02-14T20:46:12Z2019-02-13https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/75610Abstract The livestock activity is questioned by the production of greenhouse gases (GHG) and mainly for the contribution of methane of enteric origin. Methane production per unit of ingested dry matter increases when animals are fed low quality forages. The use of low quality forages to feed ruminants not only contributes to global warming but also implies a lower productivity due to the loss of ingested energy in the form of methane and in the feces. Improving forage quality (decrease of fiber and increase of protein) reduce methane production per unit of fermented organic matter due to modifications in the metabolic pathways of fermentation. In the Araucan piedmont, the main forage is Brachiaria spp and most of the livestock farms use Brachiaria decumbens. The number of live leaves per tiller has been suggested as a way to determine the degree of maturity of pastures. In B. decumbens, the appearance of the fifth leave causes the first leave to begin its senescence. To determine the effect of harvesting B. decumbens pastures with 3, 4, or 5, green leaves per tiller on nutritional quality, in vitro fermentation and methane production patterns, nine plots (4x5 m) were assigned to three treatments of harvest (3, 4 or 5 leaves per tiller) at random. Each plot was harvested according to the number of leaves per tiller twice after a uniform cut. Nutritional composition was determined and fermentation were carried out in vitro for 24 ha each of the materials harvested in each plot. For the analysis of the data of the variables of nutritional quality and minerals, an ANAVA was used with repeated measures in time (two cuts) and three treatments (3, 4, 5 leaves per tiller) and three repetitions (plots ). Increasing the number of leaves per tiller increased the amount of NDF (62.4 vs. 66.1%), FDA (30.7 vs. 32.5%), LG (1, 6 vs. 1.9%), while reducing PC (15 vs. 7.7%) and digestibility (64 vs 51%) (p <0.05).The mineral composition did not vary due to the time of harvest except for Fe, P, Na which decreased as the number of leaves per tiller increased (p< 0.05).Gas production was higher for immature (3 and 4 leaves) than for more mature (5 leaves) on the fisrt cut (p<0,05) but not in the second. For the analysis of gas production, methane production and AGV, the ruminal fluid factor was added to the model used, it was added this factor performing an analysis of variance (ANAVA) of repeated measures of three factors: treatments (3, 4 and 5 leaves per tiller), rumen fluid (1, 2, 3, 4) and the cut (1 and 2). Methane production per unit incubated DM was higher for harvested for pasture with leaves 3 and 4 than for 5 leaves (p< 0.05), but the methane per gram of MSD and FDNd was similar (p> 0.05).The digestibility of the fiber was higher for pastures harvested with 3 and 4 leaves than with 5 leaves (p <0.05). Harvesting pastures of B. decumbens with fewer leaves per tiller increases nutrient concentration and digestibility without modifying methane production per unit of degraded dry matter. Keywords: gas technique, fermentation, pastures, killer, in vitro.Resumen La actividad ganadera es cuestionada por las emisiones de gases efecto invernadero (GEI) y en particular por la contribución del metano de origen entérico. El uso de pasturas de baja calidad en la alimentación de los rumiantes no solo contribuye al calentamiento global sino que además implica una menor productividad debido a las pérdidas de la energía ingerida en forma de metano y en las heces. Se ha demostrado que mejorar la calidad (disminución de la fibra y aumento de la proteína) reduce las producciones de metano por unidad de materia orgánica fermentada debido a la modificación de las rutas metabólicas de la fermentación. En el piedemonte araucano, el principal género forrajero Brachiaria spp. y muchas explotaciones ganaderas utilizan la Brachiaria decumbens. El número de hojas vivas por macollo ha sido sugerido como una manera de determinar el grado de madurez de las pasturas y en B. decumbens se sugieren que la partir de la aparición de la quinta hoja la primera inicia su senescencia. Para determinar el efecto de cosechar pasturas de Bracharia decumbens con 3, 4, 5, hojas verdes por macollo sobre la calidad nutricional, los patrones de fermentación y producción de metano in vitro, nueve parcelas (4x5 m2) de B. decumbens fueron asignadas a tres tratamientos de cosecha (3, 4, 5 hojas por macollo) al azar. Cada parcela se cosechó de acuerdo con el número de hojas por macollo en dos ocasiones sucesivas después de un corte de uniformización. Se realizaron análisis de calidad composicional y se realizó una fermentación in vitro por 24 h a cada uno de los materiales cosechados en las parcelas. Para el análisis de los datos de las variables de calidad nutricional y minerales se utilizó un ANAVA a un modelo aleatorizado con medidas repetidas en el tiempo (dos cortes) y tres tratamientos (3, 4, 5 hojas por macollo) y tres repeticiones (parcelas). El efecto de la edad de la pastura mostró que al aumentar el número de hojas por macollo aumentaba la cantidad de FDN (62,4 vs 66,1%), FDA (30,7 vs 32,5%), LG (1,6 vs 1,9%), mientras que se reducía la PC (15 vs 7.7%) y la digestibilidad (64 vs 51%) (p <0.05). La composición mineral no vario debido al momento de la cosecha con excepción de Fe, P, Na los cuales disminuyeron al aumentar el número de hojas por macollo a la cosecha (p<0,05). Para los análisis de producción de gas, producción de metano y AGV se agregó el factor de fluido ruminal al modelo utilizado, se le sumó este factor realizando un análisis de varianza (ANAVA) de medidas repetidas de tres factores: tratamientos (3, 4 y 5 hojas por macollo), fluido ruminal (1, 2, 3, 4) y el corte (1 y 2). La producción de gas fue mayor para los estadios jóvenes vs maduros en el corte 1 pero no en el corte 2, la producción de metano por unidad de MS incubada fue mayor para para la pastura cosechada con 3 y 4 hojas que para las de 5 hojas (p>0,05), pero la producción de metano por gr de MS degradada (67,9 vs 63,8 mL/g) y FDN degradado (31,2 vs 30,5 mL/g) fue similar. La digestibilidad de la fibra fue mayor para las pasturas cosechadas con 3 y 4 hojas que con 5 hojas (p<0.02). Cosechar pasturas de B decumbens con menos hojas por macollo aumenta la concentración de nutriente y la digestibilidad sin modificar la producción de metano por unidad de materia seca degradada. Palabras claves: técnica de gases, fermentación, pasturas,macollo, in vitro.Proyecto bovino AraucaMaestría107application/pdfspaAnimalesMedicina y saludCiencias naturales y matemáticasPlantasAgricultura y tecnologías relacionadasGas technique; Fermentation; Pastures; Killer; In vitroTécnica de gases; Fermentación; Pasturas; Macollo; In vitroEstado de madurez de Bracharia decumbens y la producción de metano in vitroDocumento de trabajoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaperinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_8042Texthttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/WPUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede BogotáORIGINALEstado de madurez de Bracharia decumbens y la producción de metano in vitro.pdfEstado de madurez de Bracharia decumbens y la producción de metano in vitro.pdfapplication/pdf1271784https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/75610/1/Estado%20de%20madurez%20de%20Bracharia%20decumbens%20y%20la%20producci%c3%b3n%20de%20metano%20in%20vitro.pdf5e49c8e83334ab4f38c317559fa85050MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-83991https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/75610/2/license.txt6f3f13b02594d02ad110b3ad534cd5dfMD52THUMBNAILEstado de madurez de Bracharia decumbens y la producción de metano in vitro.pdf.jpgEstado de madurez de Bracharia decumbens y la producción de metano in vitro.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg4873https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/75610/3/Estado%20de%20madurez%20de%20Bracharia%20decumbens%20y%20la%20producci%c3%b3n%20de%20metano%20in%20vitro.pdf.jpga1d728ea02184d2c50326b5d02458e11MD53unal/75610oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/756102023-07-07 23:05:12.673Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de 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