Addressing the nocturnal problem : the ecology of cryptic birds through bioacoustics in the neotropics
Ilustraciones, mapas
- Autores:
-
Hoyos Cardona, Laura Andrea
- Tipo de recurso:
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2024
- Institución:
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- Repositorio:
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/87063
- Palabra clave:
- 570 - Biología::577 - Ecología
Aves nocturnas - Antioquia, Colombia
Dispositivos de visibilidad nocturna
Animales nocturnos - Antioquia, Colombia
Aves nocturnas - Ecología - Antioquia, Colombia
Ecología animal - Antioquia, Colombia
Night time ecology
Bird ecology
Ecouacoustics
Tropical dry forest
ARBIMON
Ecología nocturna
Ecología de aves
Ecoacústica
Bosque seco tropical
Ecología de aves
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional
id |
UNACIONAL2_f8e5b85f638203c167f2da4c1db3a693 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/87063 |
network_acronym_str |
UNACIONAL2 |
network_name_str |
Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
repository_id_str |
|
dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv |
Addressing the nocturnal problem : the ecology of cryptic birds through bioacoustics in the neotropics |
dc.title.translated.spa.fl_str_mv |
Abordando el problema nocturno : la ecología de aves crípticas a través de la bioacústica en el neotrópicos |
title |
Addressing the nocturnal problem : the ecology of cryptic birds through bioacoustics in the neotropics |
spellingShingle |
Addressing the nocturnal problem : the ecology of cryptic birds through bioacoustics in the neotropics 570 - Biología::577 - Ecología Aves nocturnas - Antioquia, Colombia Dispositivos de visibilidad nocturna Animales nocturnos - Antioquia, Colombia Aves nocturnas - Ecología - Antioquia, Colombia Ecología animal - Antioquia, Colombia Night time ecology Bird ecology Ecouacoustics Tropical dry forest ARBIMON Ecología nocturna Ecología de aves Ecoacústica Bosque seco tropical Ecología de aves |
title_short |
Addressing the nocturnal problem : the ecology of cryptic birds through bioacoustics in the neotropics |
title_full |
Addressing the nocturnal problem : the ecology of cryptic birds through bioacoustics in the neotropics |
title_fullStr |
Addressing the nocturnal problem : the ecology of cryptic birds through bioacoustics in the neotropics |
title_full_unstemmed |
Addressing the nocturnal problem : the ecology of cryptic birds through bioacoustics in the neotropics |
title_sort |
Addressing the nocturnal problem : the ecology of cryptic birds through bioacoustics in the neotropics |
dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Hoyos Cardona, Laura Andrea |
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv |
Colorado Zuluaga, Gabriel Jaime |
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Hoyos Cardona, Laura Andrea |
dc.contributor.subjectmatterexpert.none.fl_str_mv |
Rivera Gutierrez, Hector Fabio Betancur, Jeffry S. Colorado Z., Gabriel Daza, Bryan |
dc.contributor.orcid.spa.fl_str_mv |
Hoyos Cardona, Laura Andrea [0000-0003-2089-215X] |
dc.contributor.cvlac.spa.fl_str_mv |
Hoyos Cardona, Laura Andrea [https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000121710 ] |
dc.contributor.researchgate.spa.fl_str_mv |
Hoyos Cardona, Laura Andrea [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Laura-Hoyos-Cardona] |
dc.contributor.googlescholar.spa.fl_str_mv |
Hoyos Cardona, Laura Andrea [Laura Andrea Hoyos-Cardona] |
dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv |
570 - Biología::577 - Ecología |
topic |
570 - Biología::577 - Ecología Aves nocturnas - Antioquia, Colombia Dispositivos de visibilidad nocturna Animales nocturnos - Antioquia, Colombia Aves nocturnas - Ecología - Antioquia, Colombia Ecología animal - Antioquia, Colombia Night time ecology Bird ecology Ecouacoustics Tropical dry forest ARBIMON Ecología nocturna Ecología de aves Ecoacústica Bosque seco tropical Ecología de aves |
dc.subject.lemb.none.fl_str_mv |
Aves nocturnas - Antioquia, Colombia Dispositivos de visibilidad nocturna Animales nocturnos - Antioquia, Colombia Aves nocturnas - Ecología - Antioquia, Colombia Ecología animal - Antioquia, Colombia |
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
Night time ecology Bird ecology Ecouacoustics Tropical dry forest ARBIMON |
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Ecología nocturna Ecología de aves Ecoacústica Bosque seco tropical Ecología de aves |
description |
Ilustraciones, mapas |
publishDate |
2024 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-10-25T15:01:29Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-10-25T15:01:29Z |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-10-22 |
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
Trabajo de grado - Maestría |
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv |
Text |
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM |
status_str |
acceptedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/87063 |
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv |
Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ |
url |
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/87063 https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ |
identifier_str_mv |
Universidad Nacional de Colombia Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.indexed.spa.fl_str_mv |
LaReferencia |
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv |
Abrahams, C., & Geary, M. (2020). Combining bioacoustics and occupancy modelling for improved monitoring of rare breeding bird populations. Ecological Indicators, 112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106131 Acevedo, M. A., Corrada-Bravo, C. J., Corrada-Bravo, H., Villanueva-Rivera, L. J., & Aide, T. M. (2009). Automated classification of bird and amphibian calls using machine learning: A comparison of methods. Ecological Informatics, 4(4), 206–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2009.06.005 Araya-Salas, M., & Smith-Vidaurre, G. (2017). warbleR: an r package to streamline analysis of animal acoustic signals. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 8(2), 184–191. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12624 Arias, L. N. C. ´ E., Wilson, S., & Bayly, N. J. (2021). Community modeling reveals the importance of elevation and land cover in shaping migratory bird abundance in the Andes. https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2481 Askeyev, A., Askeyev, O., & Askeyev, I. (2019). Owls as bioindicators: Their spatial and temporal aspects in Eastern Europe. European Journal of Ecology, 5(2), 8–15. https://doi.org/10.2478/eje-2019-0015 Atikah, S. N., Yahya, M. S., Puan, C. L., Zakaria, M., & Azhar, B. (2020). Can forest-Associated nocturnal birds persist in oil palm agroecosystem? Ornithological Science, 18(2), 127–134. https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.18.134 Ayerbe Quiñones, F. (2018). Guia ilustra de la Avifauna Colombian (Puntoaparte, Ed.; 1st ed.). WCS - Colombia. Balantic, C. M., & Donovan, T. M. (2020). Statistical learning mitigation of false positives from template-detected data in automated acoustic wildlife monitoring. Bioacoustics, 29(3), 296–321. https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2019.1605309 Barros, F. M., & Motta-Junior, J. C. (2014). Home range and habitat selection by the tropical screech-owl in a Brazilian Savanna. Journal of Raptor Research, 48(2), 142–150. https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-13-00046.1 Bennie, J. J., Duffy, J. P., Inger, R., & Gaston, K. J. (2014). Biogeography of time partitioning in mammals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(38), 13727–13732. https://doi.org/10.1073/PNAS.1216063110/-/DCSUPPLEMENTAL Bermant, P. C., Bronstein, M. M., Wood, R. J., Gero, S., & Gruber, D. F. (2019). Deep Machine Learning Techniques for the Detection and Classification of Sperm Whale Bioacoustics. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48909-4 Betancur-Ortiz, J. S. (2023). VOCAL BEHAVIOR AND DYNAMICS IN THE OCCUPANCY OF THRYOPHILUS SERNAI, AN ENDANGERED SPECIES ENDEMIC TO THE NORTH OF THE CAUCA RIVER CANYON IN ANTIOQUIA – COLOMBIA. Chaparro-Herrera, S., Enríquez, P. L., & Lopera-Salazar, A. (2021). Buhos de Colombia: Guia Ilustrada. Grupo de Especialistas en Búhos Neotropicales. Claudino, R. M., Carlos, M.-J. J., & Antonini, Y. (2018). Owl assemblages in fragments of atlantic forest in brazil. Ornitología Neotropical, 29. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. (2022). Raven Pro: Interactive Sound Analysis Software (Version 1.6.3) [Computer software]. Ithaca, NY: The Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Cove, M. V., Spínola, R. M., Jackson, V. L., Sáenz, J. C., & Chassot, O. (2013). Integrating occupancy modeling and camera-trap data to estimate medium and large mammal detection and richness in a Central American biological corridor. Tropical Conservation Science, 6(6), 781–795. https://doi.org/10.1177/194008291300600606 del Hoyo, J., & Kirwan, G. M. (2020). Wattled Guan (Aburria aburri), version 1.0. Birds of the World. https://doi.org/10.2173/BOW.WATGUA1.01 Do Nascimento, L. A., Campos-Cerqueira, M., & Beard, K. H. (2020). Acoustic metrics predict habitat type and vegetation structure in the Amazon. Ecological Indicators, 117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106679 Duchac, L. S. (2019). Passive acoustic monitoring of owls: two studies in forested landscapes of the Pacific Northwest (Issue Chapter 2) [Oregon State University]. https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/9880vx52b Enríquez Rocha, P. L., & Rangel-Salazar, J. L. (2001). Owl occurrence and calling behavior in a tropical rain forest. Journal of Raptor Research, 35(2), 107–114. Fiske, I. J., & Chandler, R. B. (2011). Unmarked: An R package for fitting hierarchical models of wildlife occurrence and abundance. Journal of Statistical Software, 43(10), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v043.i10 Galindo-Cruz, A., & Rojas-Soto, O. (2023). The effect of topographic complexity on species range size estimation and its conservation implications: a subtle oversight. Biodiversity and Conservation, 32(6), 1839–1856. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02580-4 Gaston, K. J. (2019). Nighttime ecology: The “nocturnal problem” revisited. American Naturalist, 193(4), 481–502. https://doi.org/10.1086/702250 Gotelli, N. J., & Gary R. Graves. (1996). Null models in ecology (1st ed.). Goyette, J. L., Howe, R. W., Wolf, A. T., & Robinson, W. D. (2011). Detecting tropical nocturnal birds using automated audio recordings. Journal of Field Ornithology, 82(3), 279–287. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2011.00331.x Gozalez-Lopez, & Carvajal-Escobar. (2020). Characterization of hydrological drought in the Cauca river high valley. https://doi.org/10.24850/j-tyca-2020-01-06 Grieco, F. (2020). Pervasive low-frequency vocal modulation during territorial contests in Eurasian Scops Owls (Otus scops) 2 3 Running title: Low-frequency vocalizations in Scops Owls. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.07.415117 Grupo Ecología y Evolución de Vertebrados. (2022). INFORME FINAL FASE II: DISEÑO, IMPLEMENTACIÓN Y SOCIALIZACIÓN DE ESTRATEGIAS DE MONITOREO, SEGUIMIENTO, MANEJO, PROTECCIÓN Y CONSERVACIÓN, DE ESPECIES FOCALES DE AVES PRESENTES EN EL ÁREA DE INFLUENCIA DIRECTA DEL PROYECTO ITUANGO. Guilherme, E., & Rodrigues De Souza, I. (2017). Nestling development of the tropical screech-owl (Megascops choliba): a successful case report from the southwestern Amazon. 47(3), 269–272. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201700502 Habibzadeh, F., Habibzadeh, P., & Yadollahie, M. (2016). On determining the most appropriate test cut-off value: the case of tests with continuous results. Biochem Med (Zagreb), 16(3), 297–307. Happel, R. E., & Happel, R. J. (2020). Soundscape Ecology. In Encyclopedia of the world’s Biomes (1st ed., pp. 195–201). Elsevier Inc. Hardy, J. W., & Straneck, R. (1989). The Silky-Tailed Nightjar and Other Neotropical Caprimulgids: Unraveling Some Mysteries. The Condor, 91(1), 193–197. https://doi.org/10.2307/1368162 Henrique, S., Henriques, L. M., Carvalhaes, A., & Borges, H. (2004). Density and habitat use by owls in two Amazonian forest types Density and habitat use by owls in two Amazonian forest types Se. 75(2), 176–182. https://doi.org/10.1648/0273-8570(2004)075 Hilty, S. L., & Brown, W. L. (1986). A guide to the birds of Colombia (1st ed.). Holt, D. W., Berkley, R., Deppe, C., Enríquez, P. L., Petersen, J. L., Rangel Salazar, J. L., Segars, K. P., Wood, K. L., Kirwan, G. M., & Marks, J. S. (2020). Spectacled Owl (Pulsatrix perspicillata), version 1.0. Birds of the World. https://doi.org/10.2173/BOW.SPEOWL1.01 Hoyos-Cardona, L. A., Parra, J. L., Rivera, H. F., & Ulloa, J. S. (2020). RETOS Y VENTAJAS DEL MONITOREO ACÚSTICO COMO UNA ALTERNATIVA PARA EL ESTUDIO DE POBLACIONES DE BÚHOS, EL CASO DE Megascops centralis. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.29228.74886 Hoyos-Cardona, L. A., Ulloa, J. S., & Parra-Vergara, J. L. (2021). Automated detection of bird songs continues to be a challenge: The case of warbleR and Megascops centralis (Chocó owl). Biota Colombiana, 22(1), 149–163. https://doi.org/10.21068/C2021.V22N01A10 Humberto, O., Gómez, M., López-García, M. M., Ignacio, J., & Zuluaga, G. (2017). First records of the Spectacled Owl (Pulsatrix perspicillata) in urban areas, with notes on reproduction. In Article in North-Western Journal of Zoology. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309352838 Idárraga-Piedrahíta, Á., González-Caro, S., Duque, Á. J., Jiménez-Montoya, J., González-M., R., Parra, J. L., & Rivera-Gutiérrez, H. F. (2022). Drivers of beta diversity along a precipitation gradient in tropical forests of the Cauca River Canyon in Colombia. Journal of Vegetation Science, 33(2). https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13110 IUCN. (2021). 007 - Declaration of priority for the conservation of tropical dry forests in South America. https://www.iucncongress2020.org/motion/007 JAXA/METI, & ASF DAAC. (2014). JAXA/METI ALOS PALSAR_Radiometric_Terrain_Corrected_high_res. Jungosa-Polzella, A. S., Merlo, F., Cura, M. F., & Zárate, V. (2020). Small owls in relation to habitat structure: occurrence of Tropical Screech-owl (Megascops choliba) and Ferruginous Pygmyowl (Glaucidium brasilianum) in the mountain forests of central Argentina. El Hornero, 35(2), 87–93. https://doi.org/10.56178/eh.v35i2.440 Konig, C., & Weick, F. (2013). Owls of the world. In Owls of the world (Vol. 53, Issue 9). https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004 Kuhn, M. (2011). The caret Package (pp. 1–27). http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/caret/vignettes/caretTrain.pdf%0Apapers2://publication/uuid/D8CA271E-F548-44F3-B081-B129A8765F04 Lang, N., Jetz, W., Schindler, K., & Wegner, J. D. (2022). A high-resolution canopy height model of the Earth. http://arxiv.org/abs/2204.08322 Lara, C. E., Cuervo, M., Valderrama, S. V, Calderón-F, D., & Daniel Cadena, C. (2012). A new species of wren (Troglodytidae: Thryophilus) from the dry Cauca River Canyon, northwestern Colombia. The Auk, 129(3), 537–550. https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2012.12028 Larsen, A. S., Schmidt, J. H., Stapleton, H., Kristenson, H., Betchkal, D., & Mckenna, M. F. (2021). Monitoring the phenology of the wood frog breeding season using bioacoustic methods. Ecological Indicators, 131, 108142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108142 Latta, S. C., & Howell, C. A. (2020). Common Pauraque (Nyctidromus albicollis). Birds of the World. https://doi.org/10.2173/BOW.COMPAU.01 Lazaridis, E. (2022). Package “lunar.” https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/lunar/index.html Liu, H., Sun, Y., Yang, G., & Chen, | Yang. (2021). Binaural sound source localization based on weighted template matching. https://doi.org/10.1049/cit2.12009 MacKenzie, D. I., Nichols, J. D., Royle, J. A., Pollock, K. H., Bailey, L. L., & Hines, J. E. (2006). Occupancy Estimation and Modeling (ELSEVIER). MacKenzie, D. L., Nichols, J. D., Royle, A. J., Pollock, K. H., Bailey, L. L., & Hines, J. E. (2018). Occupancy Estimation and Modeling. In E. Thomson (Ed.), The Auk (2nd ed., Vol. 123, Issue 4). John Fedor. Marsland, S., Priyadarshani, N., Juodakis, J., & Castro, I. (2019). AviaNZ: A future-proofed program for annotation and recognition of animal sounds in long-time field recordings. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 10(8), 1189–1195. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13213 McFee, B., Colin, R., Dawen, L., Daniel, P. E., Matt, M., Eric, B., & Oriol, N. (2015). librosa: Audio and music signal analysis in python. Proceedings of the 14th Python in Science Conference, 14, 18–25. Ong, G. (2017). Tropical Screech-Owl (Megascops choliba). Neotropical Birds. https://doi.org/10.2173/NB.TRSOWL.01 Park, O. (1940). Nocturnalism-The Development of a Problem. In Source: Ecological Monographs (Vol. 10, Issue 3). Parker, T. (1991). On the Use of Tape Recorders in Avifaunal Surveys. The Auk: Ornithological Advances, 108(02), 443–444. https://doi.org/10.1093/auk/108.2.443 Peckham, R. (2021). EPM Boosts Hidroituango Cost Estimate to COP$18.3 Trillion; Mid-2022 Startup Seen. Medellín Herald. https://www.medellinherald.com/expcorn-2/companies/item/1196-epm-boosts-hidroituango-cost-estimate-to-cop$18-3-trillion-mid-2022-startup-seen Penningtona, R. T., Lavin, M., Särkinen, T., Lewis, G. P., Klitgaard, B. B., & Hughes, C. E. (2010). Contrasting plant diversification histories within the Andean biodiversity hotspot. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107(31), 13783–13787. https://doi.org/10.1073/PNAS.1001317107/-/DCSUPPLEMENTAL Penteriani, V., Delgado, M. D. M., Campioni, L., & Lourenço, R. (2010). Moonlight makes owls more chatty. PLoS ONE, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0008696 Peñaranda-Barrios, E. M. (2023). Reproductive biology of Nyctidromus albicollis (Aves: Caprimulgidae) in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 67(1), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.30550/j.azl/2023.67.1/2023-01-04 Pérez-Granados, C., & Schuchmann, K. L. (2020). Monitoring the annual vocal activity of two enigmatic nocturnal Neotropical birds: the Common Potoo (Nyctibius griseus) and the Great Potoo (Nyctibius grandis). Journal of Ornithology, 161(4), 1129–1141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-020-01795-4 Pérez-Granados, C., Schuchmann, K. L., & Marques, M. I. (2021). Vocal activity of the Ferruginous pygmy-owl (Glaucidium brasilianum) is strongly correlated with moon phase and nocturnal temperature. Ethology Ecology and Evolution, 33(1), 62–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/03949370.2020.1820582 qgis.org. (2023). QGIS Geographica Information System (3.28). R Core Team. (2022). A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.r-project.org/ Rahman, S., & Mesev, V. (2019). Change vector analysis, tasseled cap, and NDVI-NDMI for measuring land use/cover changes caused by a sudden short-term severe drought: 2011 Texas event. Remote Sensing, 11(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/RS11192217 Raimund, S. (2004). Avisoft-SASLab Pro. Avisoft. Ribon, R., Reis dos Santos, L., Junior, P. D. M., & Marini, M. A. (2021). Topography as a determinant of bird distribution in secondary Atlantic Forest fragments. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 37(5), 228–234. Rosado-Hidalgo, S. (2018). To sing or not to sing: Effects of the moon cycles on the vocal activity of American owls. [Pontificia Universidad Javeriana]. https://repository.javeriana.edu.co/handle/10554/35421?locale-attribute=fr Ross-Hellauer, T., Reichmann, S., Cole, N. L., Fessl, A., Klebel, T., & Pontika, N. (2022). Dynamics of cumulative advantage and threats to equity in open science: a scoping review. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.211032 Sanchez-Cuervo, A. M., Aide, T. M., & Clark, M. L. (2012). Land Cover Change in Colombia: Surprising ForestRecovery Trends between 2001 and 2010. PLOS ONE, 7(8). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043943 Sandoval, L., & Escalante, I. (2011). SONG DESCRIPTION AND INDIVIDUAL VARIATION IN MALES OF THE COMMON PAURAQUE (NYCTIDROMUS ALBICOLLIS). ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL, 22, 173–185. Sberze, M., Cohn-Haft, M., & Ferraz, G. (2010). Old growth and secondary forest site occupancy by nocturnal birds in a neotropical landscape. Animal Conservation, 13(1), 3–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00312.x Scheffer, M., Politi, N., Martinuzzi, S., & Rivera, L. (2023). Effects of forest structure and human influence on the call rate of owls in the Piedmont Forest of Northwestern Argentina. Neotropical Biodiversity, 9(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2022.2157076 Sekercioglu, C. H. (2010). The mystery of nocturnal birds in tropical secondary forests. Animal Conservation, 13(1), 12–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2010.00345.x Sethi, S. S., Ewers, R. M., Jones, N. S., Signorelli, A., Picinali, L., & Orme, C. D. L. (2020). SAFE Acoustics: An open-source, real-time eco-acoustic monitoring network in the tropical rainforests of Borneo. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2020(February), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13438 Sharma, S., Sato, K., & Gautam, B. P. (2023). A Methodological Literature Review of Acoustic Wildlife Monitoring Using Artificial Intelligence Tools and Techniques. Sustainability, 15(9), 7128. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU15097128 Silva, B., Mestre, F., Barreiro, S., Alves, P. J., & Herrera, J. M. (2022). soundClass: An automatic sound classification tool for biodiversity monitoring using machine learning. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 13(11), 2356–2362. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13964 Sugai, L. S. M., Silva, T. S. F., Ribeiro, J. W., & Llusia, D. (2019). Terrestrial Passive Acoustic Monitoring: Review and Perspectives. In BioScience (Vol. 69, Issue 1, pp. 5–11). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biy147 Tempel, D. J., Keane, J. J., Gutiérrez, R. J., Wolfe, J. D., Jones, G. M., Koltunov, A., Ramirez, C. M., Berigan, W. J., Gallagher, C. V., Munton, T. E., Shaklee, P. A., Whitmore, S. A., & Peery, M. Z. (2016). Meta-analysis of California Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) territory occupancy in the Sierra Nevada: Habitat associations and their implications for forest management. Condor, 118(4), 747–765. https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-16-66.1 Thurber, W. A. (2003). BEHAVIORAL NOTES ON THE COMMON PAURAQUE (NYCTIDROMUS ALBICOLLIS). https://sora.unm.edu/node/119503 TUSTUMI, F. (2022). Choosing the most appropriate cut-point for continuous variables. Revista Do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões, 49(September). https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-6991e-20223346-en Ulloa, J. S., Haupert, S., Latorre, J. F., Aubin, T., & Sueur, J. (2021). scikit-maad: An open-source and modular toolbox for quantitative soundscape analysis in Python. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 0–1. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13711 Usman, A. M., Ogundile, O. O., & Versfeld, D. J. J. (2020). Review of Automatic Detection and Classification Techniques for Cetacean Vocalization. IEEE Access, 8, 105181–105206. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3000477 Van Lanen, N. J., Franklin, A. B., Huyvaert, K. P., Reiser, R. F., & Carlson, P. C. (2011). Who hits and hoots at whom? Potential for interference competition between barred and northern spotted owls. Biological Conservation, 144(9), 2194–2201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.05.011 Van Rossum, G., & Drake, F. L. (2009). Python 3 Reference Manual. CreateSpace. Varadharajan, V., Krishnamoorthy, H., & Nagarajan, B. (2018). Does Southern Spotted Owlet Athene brama brama (Temminck, 1821) Serve as a Biocontrol Agent of Agricultural Pests? A Case Study from Cauvery Deltaic Region of Southern India. In Indian Hotspots (1st ed., p. 354). Springer Singapour. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6983-3_7 West, J. N., & Archer, A. S. (2022). LONG-TERM STUDY OF OWL OCCUPANCY IN PROTECTED AREAS OF EL SALVADOR. Journal of Raptor Research, 56(3), 300–312. https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-21-27 |
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
dc.rights.license.spa.fl_str_mv |
Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional |
dc.rights.uri.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv |
72 páginas |
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.coverage.region.none.fl_str_mv |
Antioquia, Colombia |
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv |
Medellín - Ciencias Agrarias - Maestría en Bosques y Conservación Ambiental |
dc.publisher.faculty.spa.fl_str_mv |
Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias |
dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv |
Medellín, Colombia |
dc.publisher.branch.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellín |
institution |
Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/87063/7/license.txt https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/87063/9/License%20Chapter_2.pdf https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/87063/10/License%20Chapter_3.pdf https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/87063/8/1152703254.2024.pdf https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/87063/11/1152703254.2024.pdf.jpg |
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
eb34b1cf90b7e1103fc9dfd26be24b4a a33235ba080b2676839893591f0edc75 fc6f13f59cfaadebfd415e3e543160d3 1de0730372c6bd24431db8a28a0ae3ae a8d743e1381f5e1b7cf49ab3c160b2d9 |
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
repositorio_nal@unal.edu.co |
_version_ |
1814089867626283008 |
spelling |
Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Colorado Zuluaga, Gabriel Jaimeb1222920fa00fa129881801c0362a6e5Hoyos Cardona, Laura Andreaf53654ce184164fc6c1ae734aee019cbRivera Gutierrez, Hector FabioBetancur, Jeffry S.Colorado Z., GabrielDaza, BryanHoyos Cardona, Laura Andrea [0000-0003-2089-215X]Hoyos Cardona, Laura Andrea [https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000121710 ]Hoyos Cardona, Laura Andrea [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Laura-Hoyos-Cardona]Hoyos Cardona, Laura Andrea [Laura Andrea Hoyos-Cardona]2024-10-25T15:01:29Z2024-10-25T15:01:29Z2024-10-22https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/87063Universidad Nacional de ColombiaRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiahttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/Ilustraciones, mapasThe study of nocturnal animal populations has long been neglected, leading to what is known as the "nocturnal problem." However, advancements in technology and analytical techniques have opened new possibilities, with Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) emerging as a promising approach. PAM data has become a valuable input for ecological models, including occupancy models, enabling researchers to explore factors influencing species' habitat use. In the biodiverse Cauca River Canyon, Colombia, we investigated species-specific responses of nocturnal birds to environmental variables using PAM techniques and ARBIMON's semi-automatic annotation workflow. We were able to model the occupancy of Megascops choliba, Nyctidromus albicollis and Pulsatrix perspicillata and discover that the key variables for each species changed as the regional seasons changed. Our findings highlight the suitability of data acquired through PAM and supported by detection algorithms in modeling the occupancy of nocturnal bird species and its potential in addressing the "nocturnal problem”. Despite progress, further developments are needed to fully harness the power of PAM in understanding ecological dynamics and conserving nocturnal ecosystems. This study contributes to the advancement of methodologies for studying nocturnal bird populations and underscores the importance of considering habitat characteristics and seasonality to further understanding the ecology of these elusive species. (Tomado de la fuente)El estudio de las poblaciones animales nocturnas ha sido descuidado durante mucho tiempo, lo que ha dado lugar a lo que se conoce como el "problema nocturno". Sin embargo, los avances en tecnología y técnicas analíticas han abierto nuevas posibilidades, siendo el Monitoreo Acústico Pasivo (PAM) un enfoque prometedor. Los datos obtenidos mediante PAM se han convertido en un valioso insumo para modelos ecológicos, incluyendo modelos de ocupación, lo que permite a los investigadores explorar los factores que influyen en el uso del hábitat de las especies. En el biodiverso Cañón del Río Cauca, en Colombia, investigamos las respuestas específicas de especies de aves nocturnas a variables ambientales utilizando técnicas PAM y el flujo de trabajo semi-automático de anotación de ARBIMON. Pudimos modelar la ocupación de Megascops choliba, Nyctidromus albicollis y Pulsatrix perspicillata, y descubrimos que las variables clave para cada especie cambiaban a medida que cambiaban las estaciones regionales. Nuestros hallazgos destacan la idoneidad de los datos adquiridos mediante PAM y respaldados por algoritmos de detección para modelar la ocupación de especies de aves nocturnas y su potencial para abordar el "problema nocturno". A pesar del progreso, se necesitan más desarrollos para aprovechar plenamente el poder de PAM en la comprensión de las dinámicas ecológicas y la conservación de los ecosistemas nocturnos. Este estudio contribuye al avance de las metodologías para estudiar poblaciones de aves nocturnas y subraya la importancia de considerar las características del hábitat y la estacionalidad para comprender mejor la ecología de estas especies elusivas.MaestríaMagister en Bosques y Conservacion AmbientalBosques Y Conservación Ambiental.Sede Medellín72 páginasapplication/pdfengUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaMedellín - Ciencias Agrarias - Maestría en Bosques y Conservación AmbientalFacultad de Ciencias AgrariasMedellín, ColombiaUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellín570 - Biología::577 - EcologíaAves nocturnas - Antioquia, ColombiaDispositivos de visibilidad nocturnaAnimales nocturnos - Antioquia, ColombiaAves nocturnas - Ecología - Antioquia, ColombiaEcología animal - Antioquia, ColombiaNight time ecologyBird ecologyEcouacousticsTropical dry forestARBIMONEcología nocturnaEcología de avesEcoacústicaBosque seco tropicalEcología de avesAddressing the nocturnal problem : the ecology of cryptic birds through bioacoustics in the neotropicsAbordando el problema nocturno : la ecología de aves crípticas a través de la bioacústica en el neotrópicosTrabajo de grado - Maestríainfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionTexthttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMAntioquia, ColombiaLaReferenciaAbrahams, C., & Geary, M. (2020). Combining bioacoustics and occupancy modelling for improved monitoring of rare breeding bird populations. Ecological Indicators, 112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106131Acevedo, M. A., Corrada-Bravo, C. J., Corrada-Bravo, H., Villanueva-Rivera, L. J., & Aide, T. M. (2009). Automated classification of bird and amphibian calls using machine learning: A comparison of methods. Ecological Informatics, 4(4), 206–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2009.06.005Araya-Salas, M., & Smith-Vidaurre, G. (2017). warbleR: an r package to streamline analysis of animal acoustic signals. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 8(2), 184–191. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12624Arias, L. N. C. ´ E., Wilson, S., & Bayly, N. J. (2021). Community modeling reveals the importance of elevation and land cover in shaping migratory bird abundance in the Andes. https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2481Askeyev, A., Askeyev, O., & Askeyev, I. (2019). Owls as bioindicators: Their spatial and temporal aspects in Eastern Europe. European Journal of Ecology, 5(2), 8–15. https://doi.org/10.2478/eje-2019-0015Atikah, S. N., Yahya, M. S., Puan, C. L., Zakaria, M., & Azhar, B. (2020). Can forest-Associated nocturnal birds persist in oil palm agroecosystem? Ornithological Science, 18(2), 127–134. https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.18.134Ayerbe Quiñones, F. (2018). Guia ilustra de la Avifauna Colombian (Puntoaparte, Ed.; 1st ed.). WCS - Colombia.Balantic, C. M., & Donovan, T. M. (2020). Statistical learning mitigation of false positives from template-detected data in automated acoustic wildlife monitoring. Bioacoustics, 29(3), 296–321. https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2019.1605309Barros, F. M., & Motta-Junior, J. C. (2014). Home range and habitat selection by the tropical screech-owl in a Brazilian Savanna. Journal of Raptor Research, 48(2), 142–150. https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-13-00046.1Bennie, J. J., Duffy, J. P., Inger, R., & Gaston, K. J. (2014). Biogeography of time partitioning in mammals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(38), 13727–13732. https://doi.org/10.1073/PNAS.1216063110/-/DCSUPPLEMENTALBermant, P. C., Bronstein, M. M., Wood, R. J., Gero, S., & Gruber, D. F. (2019). Deep Machine Learning Techniques for the Detection and Classification of Sperm Whale Bioacoustics. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48909-4Betancur-Ortiz, J. S. (2023). VOCAL BEHAVIOR AND DYNAMICS IN THE OCCUPANCY OF THRYOPHILUS SERNAI, AN ENDANGERED SPECIES ENDEMIC TO THE NORTH OF THE CAUCA RIVER CANYON IN ANTIOQUIA – COLOMBIA.Chaparro-Herrera, S., Enríquez, P. L., & Lopera-Salazar, A. (2021). Buhos de Colombia: Guia Ilustrada. Grupo de Especialistas en Búhos Neotropicales.Claudino, R. M., Carlos, M.-J. J., & Antonini, Y. (2018). Owl assemblages in fragments of atlantic forest in brazil. Ornitología Neotropical, 29.Cornell Lab of Ornithology. (2022). Raven Pro: Interactive Sound Analysis Software (Version 1.6.3) [Computer software]. Ithaca, NY: The Cornell Lab of Ornithology.Cove, M. V., Spínola, R. M., Jackson, V. L., Sáenz, J. C., & Chassot, O. (2013). Integrating occupancy modeling and camera-trap data to estimate medium and large mammal detection and richness in a Central American biological corridor. Tropical Conservation Science, 6(6), 781–795. https://doi.org/10.1177/194008291300600606del Hoyo, J., & Kirwan, G. M. (2020). Wattled Guan (Aburria aburri), version 1.0. Birds of the World. https://doi.org/10.2173/BOW.WATGUA1.01Do Nascimento, L. A., Campos-Cerqueira, M., & Beard, K. H. (2020). Acoustic metrics predict habitat type and vegetation structure in the Amazon. Ecological Indicators, 117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106679Duchac, L. S. (2019). Passive acoustic monitoring of owls: two studies in forested landscapes of the Pacific Northwest (Issue Chapter 2) [Oregon State University]. https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/9880vx52bEnríquez Rocha, P. L., & Rangel-Salazar, J. L. (2001). Owl occurrence and calling behavior in a tropical rain forest. Journal of Raptor Research, 35(2), 107–114.Fiske, I. J., & Chandler, R. B. (2011). Unmarked: An R package for fitting hierarchical models of wildlife occurrence and abundance. Journal of Statistical Software, 43(10), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v043.i10Galindo-Cruz, A., & Rojas-Soto, O. (2023). The effect of topographic complexity on species range size estimation and its conservation implications: a subtle oversight. Biodiversity and Conservation, 32(6), 1839–1856. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02580-4Gaston, K. J. (2019). Nighttime ecology: The “nocturnal problem” revisited. American Naturalist, 193(4), 481–502. https://doi.org/10.1086/702250Gotelli, N. J., & Gary R. Graves. (1996). Null models in ecology (1st ed.).Goyette, J. L., Howe, R. W., Wolf, A. T., & Robinson, W. D. (2011). Detecting tropical nocturnal birds using automated audio recordings. Journal of Field Ornithology, 82(3), 279–287. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2011.00331.xGozalez-Lopez, & Carvajal-Escobar. (2020). Characterization of hydrological drought in the Cauca river high valley. https://doi.org/10.24850/j-tyca-2020-01-06Grieco, F. (2020). Pervasive low-frequency vocal modulation during territorial contests in Eurasian Scops Owls (Otus scops) 2 3 Running title: Low-frequency vocalizations in Scops Owls. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.07.415117Grupo Ecología y Evolución de Vertebrados. (2022). INFORME FINAL FASE II: DISEÑO, IMPLEMENTACIÓN Y SOCIALIZACIÓN DE ESTRATEGIAS DE MONITOREO, SEGUIMIENTO, MANEJO, PROTECCIÓN Y CONSERVACIÓN, DE ESPECIES FOCALES DE AVES PRESENTES EN EL ÁREA DE INFLUENCIA DIRECTA DEL PROYECTO ITUANGO.Guilherme, E., & Rodrigues De Souza, I. (2017). Nestling development of the tropical screech-owl (Megascops choliba): a successful case report from the southwestern Amazon. 47(3), 269–272. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201700502Habibzadeh, F., Habibzadeh, P., & Yadollahie, M. (2016). On determining the most appropriate test cut-off value: the case of tests with continuous results. Biochem Med (Zagreb), 16(3), 297–307.Happel, R. E., & Happel, R. J. (2020). Soundscape Ecology. In Encyclopedia of the world’s Biomes (1st ed., pp. 195–201). Elsevier Inc.Hardy, J. W., & Straneck, R. (1989). The Silky-Tailed Nightjar and Other Neotropical Caprimulgids: Unraveling Some Mysteries. The Condor, 91(1), 193–197. https://doi.org/10.2307/1368162Henrique, S., Henriques, L. M., Carvalhaes, A., & Borges, H. (2004). Density and habitat use by owls in two Amazonian forest types Density and habitat use by owls in two Amazonian forest types Se. 75(2), 176–182. https://doi.org/10.1648/0273-8570(2004)075Hilty, S. L., & Brown, W. L. (1986). A guide to the birds of Colombia (1st ed.).Holt, D. W., Berkley, R., Deppe, C., Enríquez, P. L., Petersen, J. L., Rangel Salazar, J. L., Segars, K. P., Wood, K. L., Kirwan, G. M., & Marks, J. S. (2020). Spectacled Owl (Pulsatrix perspicillata), version 1.0. Birds of the World. https://doi.org/10.2173/BOW.SPEOWL1.01Hoyos-Cardona, L. A., Parra, J. L., Rivera, H. F., & Ulloa, J. S. (2020). RETOS Y VENTAJAS DEL MONITOREO ACÚSTICO COMO UNA ALTERNATIVA PARA EL ESTUDIO DE POBLACIONES DE BÚHOS, EL CASO DE Megascops centralis. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.29228.74886Hoyos-Cardona, L. A., Ulloa, J. S., & Parra-Vergara, J. L. (2021). Automated detection of bird songs continues to be a challenge: The case of warbleR and Megascops centralis (Chocó owl). Biota Colombiana, 22(1), 149–163. https://doi.org/10.21068/C2021.V22N01A10Humberto, O., Gómez, M., López-García, M. M., Ignacio, J., & Zuluaga, G. (2017). First records of the Spectacled Owl (Pulsatrix perspicillata) in urban areas, with notes on reproduction. In Article in North-Western Journal of Zoology. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309352838Idárraga-Piedrahíta, Á., González-Caro, S., Duque, Á. J., Jiménez-Montoya, J., González-M., R., Parra, J. L., & Rivera-Gutiérrez, H. F. (2022). Drivers of beta diversity along a precipitation gradient in tropical forests of the Cauca River Canyon in Colombia. Journal of Vegetation Science, 33(2). https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13110IUCN. (2021). 007 - Declaration of priority for the conservation of tropical dry forests in South America. https://www.iucncongress2020.org/motion/007JAXA/METI, & ASF DAAC. (2014). JAXA/METI ALOS PALSAR_Radiometric_Terrain_Corrected_high_res.Jungosa-Polzella, A. S., Merlo, F., Cura, M. F., & Zárate, V. (2020). Small owls in relation to habitat structure: occurrence of Tropical Screech-owl (Megascops choliba) and Ferruginous Pygmyowl (Glaucidium brasilianum) in the mountain forests of central Argentina. El Hornero, 35(2), 87–93. https://doi.org/10.56178/eh.v35i2.440Konig, C., & Weick, F. (2013). Owls of the world. In Owls of the world (Vol. 53, Issue 9). https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004Kuhn, M. (2011). The caret Package (pp. 1–27). http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/caret/vignettes/caretTrain.pdf%0Apapers2://publication/uuid/D8CA271E-F548-44F3-B081-B129A8765F04Lang, N., Jetz, W., Schindler, K., & Wegner, J. D. (2022). A high-resolution canopy height model of the Earth. http://arxiv.org/abs/2204.08322Lara, C. E., Cuervo, M., Valderrama, S. V, Calderón-F, D., & Daniel Cadena, C. (2012). A new species of wren (Troglodytidae: Thryophilus) from the dry Cauca River Canyon, northwestern Colombia. The Auk, 129(3), 537–550. https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2012.12028Larsen, A. S., Schmidt, J. H., Stapleton, H., Kristenson, H., Betchkal, D., & Mckenna, M. F. (2021). Monitoring the phenology of the wood frog breeding season using bioacoustic methods. Ecological Indicators, 131, 108142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108142Latta, S. C., & Howell, C. A. (2020). Common Pauraque (Nyctidromus albicollis). Birds of the World. https://doi.org/10.2173/BOW.COMPAU.01Lazaridis, E. (2022). Package “lunar.” https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/lunar/index.htmlLiu, H., Sun, Y., Yang, G., & Chen, | Yang. (2021). Binaural sound source localization based on weighted template matching. https://doi.org/10.1049/cit2.12009MacKenzie, D. I., Nichols, J. D., Royle, J. A., Pollock, K. H., Bailey, L. L., & Hines, J. E. (2006). Occupancy Estimation and Modeling (ELSEVIER).MacKenzie, D. L., Nichols, J. D., Royle, A. J., Pollock, K. H., Bailey, L. L., & Hines, J. E. (2018). Occupancy Estimation and Modeling. In E. Thomson (Ed.), The Auk (2nd ed., Vol. 123, Issue 4). John Fedor.Marsland, S., Priyadarshani, N., Juodakis, J., & Castro, I. (2019). AviaNZ: A future-proofed program for annotation and recognition of animal sounds in long-time field recordings. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 10(8), 1189–1195. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13213McFee, B., Colin, R., Dawen, L., Daniel, P. E., Matt, M., Eric, B., & Oriol, N. (2015). librosa: Audio and music signal analysis in python. Proceedings of the 14th Python in Science Conference, 14, 18–25.Ong, G. (2017). Tropical Screech-Owl (Megascops choliba). Neotropical Birds. https://doi.org/10.2173/NB.TRSOWL.01Park, O. (1940). Nocturnalism-The Development of a Problem. In Source: Ecological Monographs (Vol. 10, Issue 3).Parker, T. (1991). On the Use of Tape Recorders in Avifaunal Surveys. The Auk: Ornithological Advances, 108(02), 443–444. https://doi.org/10.1093/auk/108.2.443Peckham, R. (2021). EPM Boosts Hidroituango Cost Estimate to COP$18.3 Trillion; Mid-2022 Startup Seen. Medellín Herald. https://www.medellinherald.com/expcorn-2/companies/item/1196-epm-boosts-hidroituango-cost-estimate-to-cop$18-3-trillion-mid-2022-startup-seenPenningtona, R. T., Lavin, M., Särkinen, T., Lewis, G. P., Klitgaard, B. B., & Hughes, C. E. (2010). Contrasting plant diversification histories within the Andean biodiversity hotspot. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107(31), 13783–13787. https://doi.org/10.1073/PNAS.1001317107/-/DCSUPPLEMENTALPenteriani, V., Delgado, M. D. M., Campioni, L., & Lourenço, R. (2010). Moonlight makes owls more chatty. PLoS ONE, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0008696Peñaranda-Barrios, E. M. (2023). Reproductive biology of Nyctidromus albicollis (Aves: Caprimulgidae) in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 67(1), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.30550/j.azl/2023.67.1/2023-01-04Pérez-Granados, C., & Schuchmann, K. L. (2020). Monitoring the annual vocal activity of two enigmatic nocturnal Neotropical birds: the Common Potoo (Nyctibius griseus) and the Great Potoo (Nyctibius grandis). Journal of Ornithology, 161(4), 1129–1141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-020-01795-4Pérez-Granados, C., Schuchmann, K. L., & Marques, M. I. (2021). Vocal activity of the Ferruginous pygmy-owl (Glaucidium brasilianum) is strongly correlated with moon phase and nocturnal temperature. Ethology Ecology and Evolution, 33(1), 62–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/03949370.2020.1820582qgis.org. (2023). QGIS Geographica Information System (3.28).R Core Team. (2022). A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.r-project.org/Rahman, S., & Mesev, V. (2019). Change vector analysis, tasseled cap, and NDVI-NDMI for measuring land use/cover changes caused by a sudden short-term severe drought: 2011 Texas event. Remote Sensing, 11(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/RS11192217Raimund, S. (2004). Avisoft-SASLab Pro. Avisoft.Ribon, R., Reis dos Santos, L., Junior, P. D. M., & Marini, M. A. (2021). Topography as a determinant of bird distribution in secondary Atlantic Forest fragments. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 37(5), 228–234.Rosado-Hidalgo, S. (2018). To sing or not to sing: Effects of the moon cycles on the vocal activity of American owls. [Pontificia Universidad Javeriana]. https://repository.javeriana.edu.co/handle/10554/35421?locale-attribute=frRoss-Hellauer, T., Reichmann, S., Cole, N. L., Fessl, A., Klebel, T., & Pontika, N. (2022). Dynamics of cumulative advantage and threats to equity in open science: a scoping review. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.211032Sanchez-Cuervo, A. M., Aide, T. M., & Clark, M. L. (2012). Land Cover Change in Colombia: Surprising ForestRecovery Trends between 2001 and 2010. PLOS ONE, 7(8). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043943Sandoval, L., & Escalante, I. (2011). SONG DESCRIPTION AND INDIVIDUAL VARIATION IN MALES OF THE COMMON PAURAQUE (NYCTIDROMUS ALBICOLLIS). ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL, 22, 173–185.Sberze, M., Cohn-Haft, M., & Ferraz, G. (2010). Old growth and secondary forest site occupancy by nocturnal birds in a neotropical landscape. Animal Conservation, 13(1), 3–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00312.xScheffer, M., Politi, N., Martinuzzi, S., & Rivera, L. (2023). Effects of forest structure and human influence on the call rate of owls in the Piedmont Forest of Northwestern Argentina. Neotropical Biodiversity, 9(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2022.2157076Sekercioglu, C. H. (2010). The mystery of nocturnal birds in tropical secondary forests. Animal Conservation, 13(1), 12–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2010.00345.xSethi, S. S., Ewers, R. M., Jones, N. S., Signorelli, A., Picinali, L., & Orme, C. D. L. (2020). SAFE Acoustics: An open-source, real-time eco-acoustic monitoring network in the tropical rainforests of Borneo. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2020(February), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13438Sharma, S., Sato, K., & Gautam, B. P. (2023). A Methodological Literature Review of Acoustic Wildlife Monitoring Using Artificial Intelligence Tools and Techniques. Sustainability, 15(9), 7128. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU15097128Silva, B., Mestre, F., Barreiro, S., Alves, P. J., & Herrera, J. M. (2022). soundClass: An automatic sound classification tool for biodiversity monitoring using machine learning. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 13(11), 2356–2362. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13964Sugai, L. S. M., Silva, T. S. F., Ribeiro, J. W., & Llusia, D. (2019). Terrestrial Passive Acoustic Monitoring: Review and Perspectives. In BioScience (Vol. 69, Issue 1, pp. 5–11). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biy147Tempel, D. J., Keane, J. J., Gutiérrez, R. J., Wolfe, J. D., Jones, G. M., Koltunov, A., Ramirez, C. M., Berigan, W. J., Gallagher, C. V., Munton, T. E., Shaklee, P. A., Whitmore, S. A., & Peery, M. Z. (2016). Meta-analysis of California Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) territory occupancy in the Sierra Nevada: Habitat associations and their implications for forest management. Condor, 118(4), 747–765. https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-16-66.1Thurber, W. A. (2003). BEHAVIORAL NOTES ON THE COMMON PAURAQUE (NYCTIDROMUS ALBICOLLIS). https://sora.unm.edu/node/119503TUSTUMI, F. (2022). Choosing the most appropriate cut-point for continuous variables. Revista Do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões, 49(September). https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-6991e-20223346-enUlloa, J. S., Haupert, S., Latorre, J. F., Aubin, T., & Sueur, J. (2021). scikit-maad: An open-source and modular toolbox for quantitative soundscape analysis in Python. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 0–1. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13711Usman, A. M., Ogundile, O. O., & Versfeld, D. J. J. (2020). Review of Automatic Detection and Classification Techniques for Cetacean Vocalization. IEEE Access, 8, 105181–105206. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3000477Van Lanen, N. J., Franklin, A. B., Huyvaert, K. P., Reiser, R. F., & Carlson, P. C. (2011). Who hits and hoots at whom? Potential for interference competition between barred and northern spotted owls. Biological Conservation, 144(9), 2194–2201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.05.011Van Rossum, G., & Drake, F. L. (2009). Python 3 Reference Manual. CreateSpace.Varadharajan, V., Krishnamoorthy, H., & Nagarajan, B. (2018). Does Southern Spotted Owlet Athene brama brama (Temminck, 1821) Serve as a Biocontrol Agent of Agricultural Pests? A Case Study from Cauvery Deltaic Region of Southern India. In Indian Hotspots (1st ed., p. 354). Springer Singapour. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6983-3_7West, J. N., & Archer, A. S. (2022). LONG-TERM STUDY OF OWL OCCUPANCY IN PROTECTED AREAS OF EL SALVADOR. Journal of Raptor Research, 56(3), 300–312. https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-21-27 EstudiantesInvestigadoresMaestrosResponsables políticosLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-85879https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/87063/7/license.txteb34b1cf90b7e1103fc9dfd26be24b4aMD57License Chapter_2.pdfLicense Chapter_2.pdfLicencia capítulo 2application/pdf450818https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/87063/9/License%20Chapter_2.pdfa33235ba080b2676839893591f0edc75MD59License Chapter_3.pdfLicense Chapter_3.pdfLicencia capítulo 3application/pdf429448https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/87063/10/License%20Chapter_3.pdffc6f13f59cfaadebfd415e3e543160d3MD510ORIGINAL1152703254.2024.pdf1152703254.2024.pdfTesis de Maestría en Bosques y Conservación Ambientalapplication/pdf2370405https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/87063/8/1152703254.2024.pdf1de0730372c6bd24431db8a28a0ae3aeMD58THUMBNAIL1152703254.2024.pdf.jpg1152703254.2024.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg5152https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/87063/11/1152703254.2024.pdf.jpga8d743e1381f5e1b7cf49ab3c160b2d9MD511unal/87063oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/870632024-10-26 00:09:05.811Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiarepositorio_nal@unal.edu.coUEFSVEUgMS4gVMOJUk1JTk9TIERFIExBIExJQ0VOQ0lBIFBBUkEgUFVCTElDQUNJw5NOIERFIE9CUkFTIEVOIEVMIFJFUE9TSVRPUklPIElOU1RJVFVDSU9OQUwgVU5BTC4KCkxvcyBhdXRvcmVzIHkvbyB0aXR1bGFyZXMgZGUgbG9zIGRlcmVjaG9zIHBhdHJpbW9uaWFsZXMgZGUgYXV0b3IsIGNvbmZpZXJlbiBhIGxhIFVuaXZlcnNpZGFkIE5hY2lvbmFsIGRlIENvbG9tYmlhIHVuYSBsaWNlbmNpYSBubyBleGNsdXNpdmEsIGxpbWl0YWRhIHkgZ3JhdHVpdGEgc29icmUgbGEgb2JyYSBxdWUgc2UgaW50ZWdyYSBlbiBlbCBSZXBvc2l0b3JpbyBJbnN0aXR1Y2lvbmFsLCBiYWpvIGxvcyBzaWd1aWVudGVzIHTDqXJtaW5vczoKCgphKQlMb3MgYXV0b3JlcyB5L28gbG9zIHRpdHVsYXJlcyBkZSBsb3MgZGVyZWNob3MgcGF0cmltb25pYWxlcyBkZSBhdXRvciBzb2JyZSBsYSBvYnJhIGNvbmZpZXJlbiBhIGxhIFVuaXZlcnNpZGFkIE5hY2lvbmFsIGRlIENvbG9tYmlhIHVuYSBsaWNlbmNpYSBubyBleGNsdXNpdmEgcGFyYSByZWFsaXphciBsb3Mgc2lndWllbnRlcyBhY3RvcyBzb2JyZSBsYSBvYnJhOiBpKSByZXByb2R1Y2lyIGxhIG9icmEgZGUgbWFuZXJhIGRpZ2l0YWwsIHBlcm1hbmVudGUgbyB0ZW1wb3JhbCwgaW5jbHV5ZW5kbyBlbCBhbG1hY2VuYW1pZW50byBlbGVjdHLDs25pY28sIGFzw60gY29tbyBjb252ZXJ0aXIgZWwgZG9jdW1lbnRvIGVuIGVsIGN1YWwgc2UgZW5jdWVudHJhIGNvbnRlbmlkYSBsYSBvYnJhIGEgY3VhbHF1aWVyIG1lZGlvIG8gZm9ybWF0byBleGlzdGVudGUgYSBsYSBmZWNoYSBkZSBsYSBzdXNjcmlwY2nDs24gZGUgbGEgcHJlc2VudGUgbGljZW5jaWEsIHkgaWkpIGNvbXVuaWNhciBhbCBww7pibGljbyBsYSBvYnJhIHBvciBjdWFscXVpZXIgbWVkaW8gbyBwcm9jZWRpbWllbnRvLCBlbiBtZWRpb3MgYWzDoW1icmljb3MgbyBpbmFsw6FtYnJpY29zLCBpbmNsdXllbmRvIGxhIHB1ZXN0YSBhIGRpc3Bvc2ljacOzbiBlbiBhY2Nlc28gYWJpZXJ0by4gQWRpY2lvbmFsIGEgbG8gYW50ZXJpb3IsIGVsIGF1dG9yIHkvbyB0aXR1bGFyIGF1dG9yaXphIGEgbGEgVW5pdmVyc2lkYWQgTmFjaW9uYWwgZGUgQ29sb21iaWEgcGFyYSBxdWUsIGVuIGxhIHJlcHJvZHVjY2nDs24geSBjb211bmljYWNpw7NuIGFsIHDDumJsaWNvIHF1ZSBsYSBVbml2ZXJzaWRhZCByZWFsaWNlIHNvYnJlIGxhIG9icmEsIGhhZ2EgbWVuY2nDs24gZGUgbWFuZXJhIGV4cHJlc2EgYWwgdGlwbyBkZSBsaWNlbmNpYSBDcmVhdGl2ZSBDb21tb25zIGJham8gbGEgY3VhbCBlbCBhdXRvciB5L28gdGl0dWxhciBkZXNlYSBvZnJlY2VyIHN1IG9icmEgYSBsb3MgdGVyY2Vyb3MgcXVlIGFjY2VkYW4gYSBkaWNoYSBvYnJhIGEgdHJhdsOpcyBkZWwgUmVwb3NpdG9yaW8gSW5zdGl0dWNpb25hbCwgY3VhbmRvIHNlYSBlbCBjYXNvLiBFbCBhdXRvciB5L28gdGl0dWxhciBkZSBsb3MgZGVyZWNob3MgcGF0cmltb25pYWxlcyBkZSBhdXRvciBwb2Ryw6EgZGFyIHBvciB0ZXJtaW5hZGEgbGEgcHJlc2VudGUgbGljZW5jaWEgbWVkaWFudGUgc29saWNpdHVkIGVsZXZhZGEgYSBsYSBEaXJlY2Npw7NuIE5hY2lvbmFsIGRlIEJpYmxpb3RlY2FzIGRlIGxhIFVuaXZlcnNpZGFkIE5hY2lvbmFsIGRlIENvbG9tYmlhLiAKCmIpIAlMb3MgYXV0b3JlcyB5L28gdGl0dWxhcmVzIGRlIGxvcyBkZXJlY2hvcyBwYXRyaW1vbmlhbGVzIGRlIGF1dG9yIHNvYnJlIGxhIG9icmEgY29uZmllcmVuIGxhIGxpY2VuY2lhIHNlw7FhbGFkYSBlbiBlbCBsaXRlcmFsIGEpIGRlbCBwcmVzZW50ZSBkb2N1bWVudG8gcG9yIGVsIHRpZW1wbyBkZSBwcm90ZWNjacOzbiBkZSBsYSBvYnJhIGVuIHRvZG9zIGxvcyBwYcOtc2VzIGRlbCBtdW5kbywgZXN0byBlcywgc2luIGxpbWl0YWNpw7NuIHRlcnJpdG9yaWFsIGFsZ3VuYS4KCmMpCUxvcyBhdXRvcmVzIHkvbyB0aXR1bGFyZXMgZGUgZGVyZWNob3MgcGF0cmltb25pYWxlcyBkZSBhdXRvciBtYW5pZmllc3RhbiBlc3RhciBkZSBhY3VlcmRvIGNvbiBxdWUgbGEgcHJlc2VudGUgbGljZW5jaWEgc2Ugb3RvcmdhIGEgdMOtdHVsbyBncmF0dWl0bywgcG9yIGxvIHRhbnRvLCByZW51bmNpYW4gYSByZWNpYmlyIGN1YWxxdWllciByZXRyaWJ1Y2nDs24gZWNvbsOzbWljYSBvIGVtb2x1bWVudG8gYWxndW5vIHBvciBsYSBwdWJsaWNhY2nDs24sIGRpc3RyaWJ1Y2nDs24sIGNvbXVuaWNhY2nDs24gcMO6YmxpY2EgeSBjdWFscXVpZXIgb3RybyB1c28gcXVlIHNlIGhhZ2EgZW4gbG9zIHTDqXJtaW5vcyBkZSBsYSBwcmVzZW50ZSBsaWNlbmNpYSB5IGRlIGxhIGxpY2VuY2lhIENyZWF0aXZlIENvbW1vbnMgY29uIHF1ZSBzZSBwdWJsaWNhLgoKZCkJUXVpZW5lcyBmaXJtYW4gZWwgcHJlc2VudGUgZG9jdW1lbnRvIGRlY2xhcmFuIHF1ZSBwYXJhIGxhIGNyZWFjacOzbiBkZSBsYSBvYnJhLCBubyBzZSBoYW4gdnVsbmVyYWRvIGxvcyBkZXJlY2hvcyBkZSBwcm9waWVkYWQgaW50ZWxlY3R1YWwsIGluZHVzdHJpYWwsIG1vcmFsZXMgeSBwYXRyaW1vbmlhbGVzIGRlIHRlcmNlcm9zLiBEZSBvdHJhIHBhcnRlLCAgcmVjb25vY2VuIHF1ZSBsYSBVbml2ZXJzaWRhZCBOYWNpb25hbCBkZSBDb2xvbWJpYSBhY3TDumEgY29tbyB1biB0ZXJjZXJvIGRlIGJ1ZW5hIGZlIHkgc2UgZW5jdWVudHJhIGV4ZW50YSBkZSBjdWxwYSBlbiBjYXNvIGRlIHByZXNlbnRhcnNlIGFsZ8O6biB0aXBvIGRlIHJlY2xhbWFjacOzbiBlbiBtYXRlcmlhIGRlIGRlcmVjaG9zIGRlIGF1dG9yIG8gcHJvcGllZGFkIGludGVsZWN0dWFsIGVuIGdlbmVyYWwuIFBvciBsbyB0YW50bywgbG9zIGZpcm1hbnRlcyAgYWNlcHRhbiBxdWUgY29tbyB0aXR1bGFyZXMgw7puaWNvcyBkZSBsb3MgZGVyZWNob3MgcGF0cmltb25pYWxlcyBkZSBhdXRvciwgYXN1bWlyw6FuIHRvZGEgbGEgcmVzcG9uc2FiaWxpZGFkIGNpdmlsLCBhZG1pbmlzdHJhdGl2YSB5L28gcGVuYWwgcXVlIHB1ZWRhIGRlcml2YXJzZSBkZSBsYSBwdWJsaWNhY2nDs24gZGUgbGEgb2JyYS4gIAoKZikJQXV0b3JpemFuIGEgbGEgVW5pdmVyc2lkYWQgTmFjaW9uYWwgZGUgQ29sb21iaWEgaW5jbHVpciBsYSBvYnJhIGVuIGxvcyBhZ3JlZ2Fkb3JlcyBkZSBjb250ZW5pZG9zLCBidXNjYWRvcmVzIGFjYWTDqW1pY29zLCBtZXRhYnVzY2Fkb3Jlcywgw61uZGljZXMgeSBkZW3DoXMgbWVkaW9zIHF1ZSBzZSBlc3RpbWVuIG5lY2VzYXJpb3MgcGFyYSBwcm9tb3ZlciBlbCBhY2Nlc28geSBjb25zdWx0YSBkZSBsYSBtaXNtYS4gCgpnKQlFbiBlbCBjYXNvIGRlIGxhcyB0ZXNpcyBjcmVhZGFzIHBhcmEgb3B0YXIgZG9ibGUgdGl0dWxhY2nDs24sIGxvcyBmaXJtYW50ZXMgc2Vyw6FuIGxvcyByZXNwb25zYWJsZXMgZGUgY29tdW5pY2FyIGEgbGFzIGluc3RpdHVjaW9uZXMgbmFjaW9uYWxlcyBvIGV4dHJhbmplcmFzIGVuIGNvbnZlbmlvLCBsYXMgbGljZW5jaWFzIGRlIGFjY2VzbyBhYmllcnRvIENyZWF0aXZlIENvbW1vbnMgeSBhdXRvcml6YWNpb25lcyBhc2lnbmFkYXMgYSBzdSBvYnJhIHBhcmEgbGEgcHVibGljYWNpw7NuIGVuIGVsIFJlcG9zaXRvcmlvIEluc3RpdHVjaW9uYWwgVU5BTCBkZSBhY3VlcmRvIGNvbiBsYXMgZGlyZWN0cmljZXMgZGUgbGEgUG9sw610aWNhIEdlbmVyYWwgZGUgbGEgQmlibGlvdGVjYSBEaWdpdGFsLgoKCmgpCVNlIGF1dG9yaXphIGEgbGEgVW5pdmVyc2lkYWQgTmFjaW9uYWwgZGUgQ29sb21iaWEgY29tbyByZXNwb25zYWJsZSBkZWwgdHJhdGFtaWVudG8gZGUgZGF0b3MgcGVyc29uYWxlcywgZGUgYWN1ZXJkbyBjb24gbGEgbGV5IDE1ODEgZGUgMjAxMiBlbnRlbmRpZW5kbyBxdWUgc2UgZW5jdWVudHJhbiBiYWpvIG1lZGlkYXMgcXVlIGdhcmFudGl6YW4gbGEgc2VndXJpZGFkLCBjb25maWRlbmNpYWxpZGFkIGUgaW50ZWdyaWRhZCwgeSBzdSB0cmF0YW1pZW50byB0aWVuZSB1bmEgZmluYWxpZGFkIGhpc3TDs3JpY2EsIGVzdGFkw61zdGljYSBvIGNpZW50w61maWNhIHNlZ8O6biBsbyBkaXNwdWVzdG8gZW4gbGEgUG9sw610aWNhIGRlIFRyYXRhbWllbnRvIGRlIERhdG9zIFBlcnNvbmFsZXMuCgoKClBBUlRFIDIuIEFVVE9SSVpBQ0nDk04gUEFSQSBQVUJMSUNBUiBZIFBFUk1JVElSIExBIENPTlNVTFRBIFkgVVNPIERFIE9CUkFTIEVOIEVMIFJFUE9TSVRPUklPIElOU1RJVFVDSU9OQUwgVU5BTC4KClNlIGF1dG9yaXphIGxhIHB1YmxpY2FjacOzbiBlbGVjdHLDs25pY2EsIGNvbnN1bHRhIHkgdXNvIGRlIGxhIG9icmEgcG9yIHBhcnRlIGRlIGxhIFVuaXZlcnNpZGFkIE5hY2lvbmFsIGRlIENvbG9tYmlhIHkgZGUgc3VzIHVzdWFyaW9zIGRlIGxhIHNpZ3VpZW50ZSBtYW5lcmE6CgphLglDb25jZWRvIGxpY2VuY2lhIGVuIGxvcyB0w6lybWlub3Mgc2XDsWFsYWRvcyBlbiBsYSBwYXJ0ZSAxIGRlbCBwcmVzZW50ZSBkb2N1bWVudG8sIGNvbiBlbCBvYmpldGl2byBkZSBxdWUgbGEgb2JyYSBlbnRyZWdhZGEgc2VhIHB1YmxpY2FkYSBlbiBlbCBSZXBvc2l0b3JpbyBJbnN0aXR1Y2lvbmFsIGRlIGxhIFVuaXZlcnNpZGFkIE5hY2lvbmFsIGRlIENvbG9tYmlhIHkgcHVlc3RhIGEgZGlzcG9zaWNpw7NuIGVuIGFjY2VzbyBhYmllcnRvIHBhcmEgc3UgY29uc3VsdGEgcG9yIGxvcyB1c3VhcmlvcyBkZSBsYSBVbml2ZXJzaWRhZCBOYWNpb25hbCBkZSBDb2xvbWJpYSAgYSB0cmF2w6lzIGRlIGludGVybmV0LgoKCgpQQVJURSAzIEFVVE9SSVpBQ0nDk04gREUgVFJBVEFNSUVOVE8gREUgREFUT1MgUEVSU09OQUxFUy4KCkxhIFVuaXZlcnNpZGFkIE5hY2lvbmFsIGRlIENvbG9tYmlhLCBjb21vIHJlc3BvbnNhYmxlIGRlbCBUcmF0YW1pZW50byBkZSBEYXRvcyBQZXJzb25hbGVzLCBpbmZvcm1hIHF1ZSBsb3MgZGF0b3MgZGUgY2Fyw6FjdGVyIHBlcnNvbmFsIHJlY29sZWN0YWRvcyBtZWRpYW50ZSBlc3RlIGZvcm11bGFyaW8sIHNlIGVuY3VlbnRyYW4gYmFqbyBtZWRpZGFzIHF1ZSBnYXJhbnRpemFuIGxhIHNlZ3VyaWRhZCwgY29uZmlkZW5jaWFsaWRhZCBlIGludGVncmlkYWQgeSBzdSB0cmF0YW1pZW50byBzZSByZWFsaXphIGRlIGFjdWVyZG8gYWwgY3VtcGxpbWllbnRvIG5vcm1hdGl2byBkZSBsYSBMZXkgMTU4MSBkZSAyMDEyIHkgZGUgbGEgUG9sw610aWNhIGRlIFRyYXRhbWllbnRvIGRlIERhdG9zIFBlcnNvbmFsZXMgZGUgbGEgVW5pdmVyc2lkYWQgTmFjaW9uYWwgZGUgQ29sb21iaWEuIFB1ZWRlIGVqZXJjZXIgc3VzIGRlcmVjaG9zIGNvbW8gdGl0dWxhciBhIGNvbm9jZXIsIGFjdHVhbGl6YXIsIHJlY3RpZmljYXIgeSByZXZvY2FyIGxhcyBhdXRvcml6YWNpb25lcyBkYWRhcyBhIGxhcyBmaW5hbGlkYWRlcyBhcGxpY2FibGVzIGEgdHJhdsOpcyBkZSBsb3MgY2FuYWxlcyBkaXNwdWVzdG9zIHkgZGlzcG9uaWJsZXMgZW4gd3d3LnVuYWwuZWR1LmNvIG8gZS1tYWlsOiBwcm90ZWNkYXRvc19uYUB1bmFsLmVkdS5jbyIKClRlbmllbmRvIGVuIGN1ZW50YSBsbyBhbnRlcmlvciwgYXV0b3Jpem8gZGUgbWFuZXJhIHZvbHVudGFyaWEsIHByZXZpYSwgZXhwbMOtY2l0YSwgaW5mb3JtYWRhIGUgaW5lcXXDrXZvY2EgYSBsYSBVbml2ZXJzaWRhZCBOYWNpb25hbCBkZSBDb2xvbWJpYSBhIHRyYXRhciBsb3MgZGF0b3MgcGVyc29uYWxlcyBkZSBhY3VlcmRvIGNvbiBsYXMgZmluYWxpZGFkZXMgZXNwZWPDrWZpY2FzIHBhcmEgZWwgZGVzYXJyb2xsbyB5IGVqZXJjaWNpbyBkZSBsYXMgZnVuY2lvbmVzIG1pc2lvbmFsZXMgZGUgZG9jZW5jaWEsIGludmVzdGlnYWNpw7NuIHkgZXh0ZW5zacOzbiwgYXPDrSBjb21vIGxhcyByZWxhY2lvbmVzIGFjYWTDqW1pY2FzLCBsYWJvcmFsZXMsIGNvbnRyYWN0dWFsZXMgeSB0b2RhcyBsYXMgZGVtw6FzIHJlbGFjaW9uYWRhcyBjb24gZWwgb2JqZXRvIHNvY2lhbCBkZSBsYSBVbml2ZXJzaWRhZC4gCgo= |