Costos hospitalarios directos y sus predictores en la atención del Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico, en un hospital de Bogotá

ilustraciones, graficas

Autores:
Cabrera Agudelo, Paula Andrea
Tipo de recurso:
Fecha de publicación:
2022
Institución:
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Repositorio:
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Idioma:
spa
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/81781
Acceso en línea:
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/81781
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
610 - Medicina y salud::614 - Medicina Forense; incidencia de lesiones, heridas, enfermedades; medicina preventiva pública
Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico
Costos y Análisis de Costo
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
Costs and Cost Analysis
Costo enfermedad
Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico
Predictores
Inpatient costs
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Predictors
Rights
openAccess
License
Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
id UNACIONAL2_f4c6238412bb49bf3db33eeee24b7f79
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/81781
network_acronym_str UNACIONAL2
network_name_str Universidad Nacional de Colombia
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Costos hospitalarios directos y sus predictores en la atención del Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico, en un hospital de Bogotá
dc.title.translated.eng.fl_str_mv Direct medical costs and their predictors in the care of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, in a hospital in Bogotá
title Costos hospitalarios directos y sus predictores en la atención del Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico, en un hospital de Bogotá
spellingShingle Costos hospitalarios directos y sus predictores en la atención del Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico, en un hospital de Bogotá
610 - Medicina y salud::614 - Medicina Forense; incidencia de lesiones, heridas, enfermedades; medicina preventiva pública
Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico
Costos y Análisis de Costo
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
Costs and Cost Analysis
Costo enfermedad
Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico
Predictores
Inpatient costs
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Predictors
title_short Costos hospitalarios directos y sus predictores en la atención del Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico, en un hospital de Bogotá
title_full Costos hospitalarios directos y sus predictores en la atención del Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico, en un hospital de Bogotá
title_fullStr Costos hospitalarios directos y sus predictores en la atención del Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico, en un hospital de Bogotá
title_full_unstemmed Costos hospitalarios directos y sus predictores en la atención del Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico, en un hospital de Bogotá
title_sort Costos hospitalarios directos y sus predictores en la atención del Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico, en un hospital de Bogotá
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Cabrera Agudelo, Paula Andrea
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Peñaranda Parada, Édgar Alfonso
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Cabrera Agudelo, Paula Andrea
dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv 610 - Medicina y salud::614 - Medicina Forense; incidencia de lesiones, heridas, enfermedades; medicina preventiva pública
topic 610 - Medicina y salud::614 - Medicina Forense; incidencia de lesiones, heridas, enfermedades; medicina preventiva pública
Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico
Costos y Análisis de Costo
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
Costs and Cost Analysis
Costo enfermedad
Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico
Predictores
Inpatient costs
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Predictors
dc.subject.other.spa.fl_str_mv Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico
Costos y Análisis de Costo
dc.subject.other.eng.fl_str_mv Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
Costs and Cost Analysis
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv Costo enfermedad
Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico
Predictores
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv Inpatient costs
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Predictors
description ilustraciones, graficas
publishDate 2022
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2022-08-04T16:08:30Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2022-08-04T16:08:30Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2022
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Trabajo de grado - Especialidad Médica
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/81781
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
url https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/81781
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
dc.relation.indexed.spa.fl_str_mv RedCol
LaReferencia
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv Fan Y, Hao YJ, Zhang ZL. Systemic lupus erythematosus: year in review 2019. Chin Med J (Engl). 2020;133(18):2189–96.
Bertsias GK, Salmon JE, Boumpas DT. Therapeutic opportunities in systemic lupus erythematosus: State of the art and prospects for the new decade. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2010;69(9):1603–11.
Carter EE, Barr SG, Clarke AE. The global burden of SLE: Prevalence, health disparities and socioeconomic impact. Nature Reviews Rheumatology. 2016;12(10):605–20.
Barber MRW, Clarke AE. Socioeconomic consequences of systemic lupus erythematosus. Current Opinion in Rheumatology. 2017;29(5):480–5.
McCormick N, Marra CA, Sadatsafavi M, Kopec JA, Aviña-Zubieta JA. Excess Productivity Costs of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic Sclerosis, and Sjögren’s Syndrome: A General Population–Based Study. Vol. 71, Arthritis Care and Research. 2019. 142–154 p.
Anandarajah AP, Luc M, Ritchlin CT. Hospitalization of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus is a major cause of direct and indirect healthcare costs. Lupus. 2017;26(7):756–61.
Clarke AE, Urowitz MB, Monga N, Hanly JG. Costs associated with severe and nonsevere systemic lupus erythematosus in canada. Arthritis Care and Research. 2015;67(3):431–6.
Murimi-Worstell IB, Lin DH, Kan H, Tierce J, Wang X, Nab H, et al. Healthcare utilization and costs of systemic lupus erythematosus by disease severity in the United States. Journal of Rheumatology. 2021;48(3):385–93.
Li T, Carls GS, Panopalis P, Wang S, Gibson TB, Goetzel RZ. Long-term medical costs and resource utilization in systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis: A five-year analysis of a large medicaid population. Arthritis Care and Research. 2009;61(6):755–63.
Pelletier EM, Ogale S, Yu E, Brunetta P, Garg J. Economic outcomes in patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus with versus without nephritis: Results from an analysis of data from a US claims database. Clinical Therapeutics [Internet]. 2009;31(11):2653–64. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.11.032
Slawsky KA, Fernandes AW, Fusfeld L, Manzi S, Goss TF. A structured literature review of the direct costs of adult systemic lupus erythematosus in the US. Arthritis Care and Research. 2011;63(9):1224–32.
Bell CF, Ajmera MR, Meyers J. An evaluation of costs associated with overall organ damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in the United States. Lupus. 2022;31(2):202–11.
Román Ivorra JA, Fernández-Llanio-Comella N, San-Martín-Álvarez A, Vela-Casasempere P, Saurí-Ferrer I, González-de-Julián S, et al. Health-related quality of life in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a Spanish study based on patient reports. Clinical Rheumatology. 2019;38(7):1857–64.
Doria A, Amoura Z, Cervera R, Khamastha MA, Schneider M, Richter J, et al. Annual direct medical cost of active systemic lupus erythematosus in five European countries. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2014;73(1):154–60.
Bertsias G, Karampli E, Sidiropoulos P, Gergianaki I, Drosos A, Sakkas L, et al. Clinical and financial burden of active lupus in Greece: A nationwide study. Lupus. 2016;25(12):1385–94.
Jönsen A, Hjalte F, Willim M, Carlsson KS, Sjöwall C, Svenungsson E, et al. Direct and indirect costs for systemic lupus erythematosus in Sweden. A nationwide health economic study based on five defined cohorts. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism [Internet]. 2016;45(6):684–90. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2015.11.013
Huscher D, Merkesdal S, Thiele K, Zeidler H, Schneider M, Zink A. Cost of illness in rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus in Germany. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2006;65(9):1175–83.
Park SY, Joo Y bin, Shim J, Sung YK, Bae SC. Direct medical costs and their predictors in South Korean patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology International. 2015;35(11):1809–15.
Chiu YM, Chuang MT, Lang HC. Medical costs incurred by organ damage caused by active disease, comorbidities and side effect of treatments in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a Taiwan nationwide population-based study. Rheumatology International. 2016;36(11):1507–14.
Tanaka Y, Mizukami A, Kobayashi A, Ito C, Matsuki T. Disease severity and economic burden in Japanese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A retrospective, observational study. International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases. 2018;21(8):1609–18.
Zhu TY, Tam LS, Lee VWY, Lee KKC, Li EK. The impact of flare on disease costs of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Care and Research. 2009;61(9):1159–67.
Zhu TY, Tam LS, Lee VWY, Lee KK, Li EK. Systemic lupus erythematosus with neuropsychiatric manifestation incurs high disease costs: A cost-of-illness study in Hong Kong. Rheumatology. 2009;48(5):564–8.
Yeo AL, Koelmeyer R, Kandane-Rathnayake R, Golder V, Hoi A, Huq M, et al. Lupus Low Disease Activity State and Reduced Direct Health Care Costs in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Arthritis Care and Research. 2020;72(9):1289–95.
Zhu TY, Tam LS, Li EK. Cost-of-illness studies in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review. Arthritis Care and Research. 2011;63(5):751–60.
Meacock R, Dale N, Harrison MJ. The humanistic and economic burden of systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review. Pharmacoeconomics. 2013;31(1):49–61.
Prada SI, Perez AM, Nieto-Aristizábal I, Tobón GJ. Direct cost of lupus care in the developing world: the case of Colombia. Lupus. 2019;28(8):970–6.
Matoma MA, Gomez TL, Urrego J. Costos Médicos Directos en el Tratamiento de Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico en Colombia. Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (UDCA) [Internet]. 2014;1–84. Available from: http://repository.udca.edu.co:8080/jspui/bitstream/11158/248/1/203747.pdf
Calixto OJ. El costo de la atención ambulatoria del lupus eritematoso sistémico en Colombia. Contrastes y comparaciones con otras poblaciones. [Internet] [Tesis de especialización.]. Colegio Mayor Nuestra Señora del Rosario.; 2014. Available from: https://repository.urosario.edu.co/flexpaper/handle/10336/10533/Calixto-Omar-Javier-2015.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Fernández-Ávila DG, Rincón-Riaño DN, Bernal-Macías S, Gutiérrez Dávila JM, Rosselli D. Prevalencia y características demográficas del Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico, Miopatía Inflamatoria, Osteoporosis, Polimialgia Reumática, Síndrome Sjögren y Vasculitis en Colombia, según información del Sistema Integral de Información de la Protección Socia. Reumatología Clínica. 2020;16(4):286–9.
Soto Álvarez J. Diseño Y Realización De Evaluaciones Económicas a Través De Modelos Analíticos De Decisión. Evaluación económica de medicamentos y tecnologías sanitarias: 2012. 171–216 p.
Jo C. Cost-of-illness studies: concepts, scopes, and methods. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2014;20(4):327–37.
Lawson EF, Yazdany J. Healthcare quality in systemic lupus erythematosus: Using Donabedian’s conceptual framework to understand what we know. International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology. 2012;7(1):95–107.
Fautrel B, Guillemin F. Cost of illness studies in rheumatic diseases. Current Opinion in Rheumatology. 2002;14(2):121–6.
StataCorp. Stata Statistical Software. College Station, TX: StataCorp LLC; 2021.
Tsoucalas G, Sgantzos M. Flares in systemic lupus erythematosus: diagnosis, risk factors and preventive strategies. Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology. 2017;28(1):223–6.
Borba EF, Araujo DB, Bonfá E, Shinjo SK. Clinical and immunological features of 888 Brazilian systemic lupus patients from a monocentric cohort: Comparison with other populations. Lupus. 2013;22(7):744–9.
Bank W. PIB per cápita (US$ a precios actuales) [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://datos.bancomundial.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD
Database WHOGHE. Current health expenditure per capita (current US$) - Colombia [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://datos.bancomundial.org/indicator/SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS?locations=CO
Salud. M de. Minsalud definió incremento del valor de la UPC para 2022. 2021; Available from: https://www.minsalud.gov.co/Paginas/Minsalud-definio-incremento-del-valor-de-la-UPC-para-2022.aspx
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dc.rights.license.spa.fl_str_mv Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.uri.spa.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv 67 páginas
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dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv Bogotá - Medicina - Especialidad en Medicina Interna
dc.publisher.department.spa.fl_str_mv Departamento de Medicina Interna
dc.publisher.faculty.spa.fl_str_mv Facultad de Medicina
dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv Bogotá, Colombia
dc.publisher.branch.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
institution Universidad Nacional de Colombia
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spelling Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Peñaranda Parada, Édgar Alfonso5d1a284db19e50ad3b02a18446a4fc3fCabrera Agudelo, Paula Andrea77a9f0b9967526bd10ba12a0fd6becde2022-08-04T16:08:30Z2022-08-04T16:08:30Z2022https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/81781Universidad Nacional de ColombiaRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiahttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ilustraciones, graficasEl objetivo del presente estudio fue definir los costos directos del lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) asociados a la estancia hospitalaria y sus predictores. Se realizó un estudio de costo enfermedad de pacientes con diagnóstico de LES, cuantificando los costos con una técnica de micro costeo de abajo hacia arriba. Se incluyeron un total de 346 pacientes (456 ingresos hospitalarios) desde agosto del 2016 hasta abril del 2022. Predominó el sexo femenino con una mediana de edad de 37 años y una mediana de tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad de 24 meses. El 26,32% tuvo ingreso a la unidad de cuidados intensivos y el 21% tuvo reingreso hospitalario, con una mortalidad total del 4,6%. Los pacientes ingresaron por flare o exacerbación lúpica (71,87%), infección (33,85%), eventos trombóticos (10,55%), descompensación de patología crónica por daño de la enfermedad (14,25%) y eventos adversos (8,13%). Los índices de actividad fueron altos y muy altos en un 61,86%. En los ingresos predominó el compromiso renal (34,56%), hematológico (18,35%) y neurológico (14,07%). Los costos asociados a la estancia hospitalaria en pacientes hospitalizados con LES fueron de COP $17.200.000 en promedio (DS $36.400.000) con una mediana de COP $7.197.262 (RIQ COP $2.600.000). Las variables predictoras de costos fueron: educación, tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad y diagnóstico de novo, índice de cronicidad de la enfermedad, la presencia de nefropatía lúpica, tipo y días de estancia hospitalaria, compromiso de órgano principal, reingreso a los 30 días, flare lúpico, condición de egreso y uso tanto de plasmaféresis como de Rituximab. (Texto tomado de la fuente)The objective of the study was to define the inpatient costs of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and its predictors. We develop a cost illness study of patients diagnosed with SLE, with a detailed clinical description. Costs were quantified using a bottom-up micro-costing technique through the hospital's billing system. A total of 346 patients (456 hospital admissions) were included from August 2016 to April 2022. The female sex prevailed with an age of 37 years and a disease time duration of 24 months. 26,32% had admission to the intensive care unit and 21% readmission, with a mortality rate of 4,6%. Patients were admitted due to lupus flare (71,87%), infection (33,85%), thrombotic events (10,55%), decompensation of underlying chronic pathology (14,25%), adverse event (8,13%). Activity rates were high and extremely high in 61,86% of the admissions. Renal involvement (34,56%), hematological (18,35%) and neurological (14,07%) was common. The costs associated with hospital stay in hospitalized patients with SLE were COP $17.200.000 on average (SD $36.400.000) with a median of COP $7.197.262 (IQR COP $2.600.000). The predictive variables of costs were education, time of evolution of the disease and de novo diagnosis, chronicity index, the presence of lupus nephritis, type and days of hospital stay, main organ involvement, readmission after 30 days, lupus flare, discharge condition and use of both plasmapheresis and Rituximab.Especialidades MédicasEspecialista en Medicina Interna67 páginasapplication/pdfspaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotá - Medicina - Especialidad en Medicina InternaDepartamento de Medicina InternaFacultad de MedicinaBogotá, ColombiaUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá610 - Medicina y salud::614 - Medicina Forense; incidencia de lesiones, heridas, enfermedades; medicina preventiva públicaLupus Eritematoso SistémicoCostos y Análisis de CostoLupus Erythematosus, SystemicCosts and Cost AnalysisCosto enfermedadLupus Eritematoso SistémicoPredictoresInpatient costsSystemic Lupus ErythematosusPredictorsCostos hospitalarios directos y sus predictores en la atención del Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico, en un hospital de BogotáDirect medical costs and their predictors in the care of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, in a hospital in BogotáTrabajo de grado - Especialidad Médicainfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionTexthttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMRedColLaReferenciaFan Y, Hao YJ, Zhang ZL. Systemic lupus erythematosus: year in review 2019. Chin Med J (Engl). 2020;133(18):2189–96.Bertsias GK, Salmon JE, Boumpas DT. Therapeutic opportunities in systemic lupus erythematosus: State of the art and prospects for the new decade. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2010;69(9):1603–11.Carter EE, Barr SG, Clarke AE. The global burden of SLE: Prevalence, health disparities and socioeconomic impact. Nature Reviews Rheumatology. 2016;12(10):605–20.Barber MRW, Clarke AE. Socioeconomic consequences of systemic lupus erythematosus. Current Opinion in Rheumatology. 2017;29(5):480–5.McCormick N, Marra CA, Sadatsafavi M, Kopec JA, Aviña-Zubieta JA. Excess Productivity Costs of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic Sclerosis, and Sjögren’s Syndrome: A General Population–Based Study. Vol. 71, Arthritis Care and Research. 2019. 142–154 p.Anandarajah AP, Luc M, Ritchlin CT. Hospitalization of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus is a major cause of direct and indirect healthcare costs. Lupus. 2017;26(7):756–61.Clarke AE, Urowitz MB, Monga N, Hanly JG. Costs associated with severe and nonsevere systemic lupus erythematosus in canada. Arthritis Care and Research. 2015;67(3):431–6.Murimi-Worstell IB, Lin DH, Kan H, Tierce J, Wang X, Nab H, et al. Healthcare utilization and costs of systemic lupus erythematosus by disease severity in the United States. Journal of Rheumatology. 2021;48(3):385–93.Li T, Carls GS, Panopalis P, Wang S, Gibson TB, Goetzel RZ. Long-term medical costs and resource utilization in systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis: A five-year analysis of a large medicaid population. Arthritis Care and Research. 2009;61(6):755–63.Pelletier EM, Ogale S, Yu E, Brunetta P, Garg J. Economic outcomes in patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus with versus without nephritis: Results from an analysis of data from a US claims database. Clinical Therapeutics [Internet]. 2009;31(11):2653–64. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.11.032Slawsky KA, Fernandes AW, Fusfeld L, Manzi S, Goss TF. A structured literature review of the direct costs of adult systemic lupus erythematosus in the US. Arthritis Care and Research. 2011;63(9):1224–32.Bell CF, Ajmera MR, Meyers J. An evaluation of costs associated with overall organ damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in the United States. Lupus. 2022;31(2):202–11.Román Ivorra JA, Fernández-Llanio-Comella N, San-Martín-Álvarez A, Vela-Casasempere P, Saurí-Ferrer I, González-de-Julián S, et al. Health-related quality of life in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a Spanish study based on patient reports. Clinical Rheumatology. 2019;38(7):1857–64.Doria A, Amoura Z, Cervera R, Khamastha MA, Schneider M, Richter J, et al. Annual direct medical cost of active systemic lupus erythematosus in five European countries. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2014;73(1):154–60.Bertsias G, Karampli E, Sidiropoulos P, Gergianaki I, Drosos A, Sakkas L, et al. Clinical and financial burden of active lupus in Greece: A nationwide study. Lupus. 2016;25(12):1385–94.Jönsen A, Hjalte F, Willim M, Carlsson KS, Sjöwall C, Svenungsson E, et al. Direct and indirect costs for systemic lupus erythematosus in Sweden. A nationwide health economic study based on five defined cohorts. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism [Internet]. 2016;45(6):684–90. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2015.11.013Huscher D, Merkesdal S, Thiele K, Zeidler H, Schneider M, Zink A. Cost of illness in rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus in Germany. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2006;65(9):1175–83.Park SY, Joo Y bin, Shim J, Sung YK, Bae SC. Direct medical costs and their predictors in South Korean patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology International. 2015;35(11):1809–15.Chiu YM, Chuang MT, Lang HC. Medical costs incurred by organ damage caused by active disease, comorbidities and side effect of treatments in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a Taiwan nationwide population-based study. Rheumatology International. 2016;36(11):1507–14.Tanaka Y, Mizukami A, Kobayashi A, Ito C, Matsuki T. Disease severity and economic burden in Japanese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A retrospective, observational study. International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases. 2018;21(8):1609–18.Zhu TY, Tam LS, Lee VWY, Lee KKC, Li EK. The impact of flare on disease costs of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Care and Research. 2009;61(9):1159–67.Zhu TY, Tam LS, Lee VWY, Lee KK, Li EK. Systemic lupus erythematosus with neuropsychiatric manifestation incurs high disease costs: A cost-of-illness study in Hong Kong. Rheumatology. 2009;48(5):564–8.Yeo AL, Koelmeyer R, Kandane-Rathnayake R, Golder V, Hoi A, Huq M, et al. Lupus Low Disease Activity State and Reduced Direct Health Care Costs in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Arthritis Care and Research. 2020;72(9):1289–95.Zhu TY, Tam LS, Li EK. Cost-of-illness studies in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review. Arthritis Care and Research. 2011;63(5):751–60.Meacock R, Dale N, Harrison MJ. The humanistic and economic burden of systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review. Pharmacoeconomics. 2013;31(1):49–61.Prada SI, Perez AM, Nieto-Aristizábal I, Tobón GJ. Direct cost of lupus care in the developing world: the case of Colombia. Lupus. 2019;28(8):970–6.Matoma MA, Gomez TL, Urrego J. Costos Médicos Directos en el Tratamiento de Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico en Colombia. Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (UDCA) [Internet]. 2014;1–84. 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PIB per cápita (US$ a precios actuales) [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://datos.bancomundial.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CDDatabase WHOGHE. Current health expenditure per capita (current US$) - Colombia [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://datos.bancomundial.org/indicator/SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS?locations=COSalud. M de. Minsalud definió incremento del valor de la UPC para 2022. 2021; Available from: https://www.minsalud.gov.co/Paginas/Minsalud-definio-incremento-del-valor-de-la-UPC-para-2022.aspxEstudiantesInvestigadoresResponsables políticosLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-84074https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/81781/2/license.txt8153f7789df02f0a4c9e079953658ab2MD52ORIGINAL1107075091.2022.pdf1107075091.2022.pdfTesis de Especialidad Medica en Medicina Internaapplication/pdf722003https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/81781/1/1107075091.2022.pdf9ba73ab81bb213a58cb84e55b5767f4fMD51THUMBNAIL1107075091.2022.pdf.jpg1107075091.2022.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg4845https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/81781/3/1107075091.2022.pdf.jpg4fe5ce7bdabed505155d9c720dc877c9MD53unal/81781oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/817812023-08-06 23:03:55.327Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de 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