Expresión del Receptor de la Hormona Estimulante de la Tiroides (TSHR) y del Factor de Crecimiento Similar a La Insulina 1 (IGF1R) en las Glándulas De Meibomio Humanas
ilustraciones, fotografías, tablas
- Autores:
-
Jimenez Mora, Mario Alejandro
- Tipo de recurso:
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2024
- Institución:
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- Repositorio:
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/87024
- Palabra clave:
- 610 - Medicina y salud
Insulina
Insulin
Proteínas
Glándulas de Meibomio
Síndromes de Ojo Seco
Enfermedades tiroideas
Receptores de tirotropina
Receptor de IGF Tipo 1
Meibomian Glands
Dry Eye Syndromes
Thyroid Diseases
Receptors, Thyrotropin
Receptor, IGF Type 1
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
| id |
UNACIONAL2_cb6dafcd90125316b02de35c493d9622 |
|---|---|
| oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/87024 |
| network_acronym_str |
UNACIONAL2 |
| network_name_str |
Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
| repository_id_str |
|
| dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Expresión del Receptor de la Hormona Estimulante de la Tiroides (TSHR) y del Factor de Crecimiento Similar a La Insulina 1 (IGF1R) en las Glándulas De Meibomio Humanas |
| dc.title.translated.eng.fl_str_mv |
Expression of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor (TSHR) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1R) in Human Meibomian Glands |
| title |
Expresión del Receptor de la Hormona Estimulante de la Tiroides (TSHR) y del Factor de Crecimiento Similar a La Insulina 1 (IGF1R) en las Glándulas De Meibomio Humanas |
| spellingShingle |
Expresión del Receptor de la Hormona Estimulante de la Tiroides (TSHR) y del Factor de Crecimiento Similar a La Insulina 1 (IGF1R) en las Glándulas De Meibomio Humanas 610 - Medicina y salud Insulina Insulin Proteínas Glándulas de Meibomio Síndromes de Ojo Seco Enfermedades tiroideas Receptores de tirotropina Receptor de IGF Tipo 1 Meibomian Glands Dry Eye Syndromes Thyroid Diseases Receptors, Thyrotropin Receptor, IGF Type 1 |
| title_short |
Expresión del Receptor de la Hormona Estimulante de la Tiroides (TSHR) y del Factor de Crecimiento Similar a La Insulina 1 (IGF1R) en las Glándulas De Meibomio Humanas |
| title_full |
Expresión del Receptor de la Hormona Estimulante de la Tiroides (TSHR) y del Factor de Crecimiento Similar a La Insulina 1 (IGF1R) en las Glándulas De Meibomio Humanas |
| title_fullStr |
Expresión del Receptor de la Hormona Estimulante de la Tiroides (TSHR) y del Factor de Crecimiento Similar a La Insulina 1 (IGF1R) en las Glándulas De Meibomio Humanas |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Expresión del Receptor de la Hormona Estimulante de la Tiroides (TSHR) y del Factor de Crecimiento Similar a La Insulina 1 (IGF1R) en las Glándulas De Meibomio Humanas |
| title_sort |
Expresión del Receptor de la Hormona Estimulante de la Tiroides (TSHR) y del Factor de Crecimiento Similar a La Insulina 1 (IGF1R) en las Glándulas De Meibomio Humanas |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Jimenez Mora, Mario Alejandro |
| dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv |
Ávila Castañeda, Marcel Yecid |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Jimenez Mora, Mario Alejandro |
| dc.contributor.orcid.spa.fl_str_mv |
Jimenez Mora, Mario Alejandro [000000017180758X] |
| dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv |
610 - Medicina y salud |
| topic |
610 - Medicina y salud Insulina Insulin Proteínas Glándulas de Meibomio Síndromes de Ojo Seco Enfermedades tiroideas Receptores de tirotropina Receptor de IGF Tipo 1 Meibomian Glands Dry Eye Syndromes Thyroid Diseases Receptors, Thyrotropin Receptor, IGF Type 1 |
| dc.subject.decs.spa.fl_str_mv |
Insulina Insulin |
| dc.subject.decs.eng.fl_str_mv |
Proteínas |
| dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Glándulas de Meibomio Síndromes de Ojo Seco Enfermedades tiroideas Receptores de tirotropina Receptor de IGF Tipo 1 |
| dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
Meibomian Glands Dry Eye Syndromes Thyroid Diseases Receptors, Thyrotropin Receptor, IGF Type 1 |
| description |
ilustraciones, fotografías, tablas |
| publishDate |
2024 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-10-22T20:38:11Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-10-22T20:38:11Z |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-10-19 |
| dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
Trabajo de grado - Especialidad Médica |
| dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
| dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv |
Text |
| dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM |
| status_str |
acceptedVersion |
| dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/87024 |
| dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
| dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv |
Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
| dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ |
| url |
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/87024 https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ |
| identifier_str_mv |
Universidad Nacional de Colombia Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
| dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
spa |
| language |
spa |
| dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv |
1. Knop E, Knop N, Millar T, Obata H, Sullivan DA. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: Report of the subcommittee on anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of the meibomian gland. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(4):1938–78. 2. Nichols KK, Foulks GN, Bron AJ, Glasgow BJ, Dogru M, Tsubota K, et al. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: Executive summary. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(4):1922–9. 3. Bron AJ, de Paiva CS, Chauhan SK, Bonini S, Gabison EE, Jain S, et al. TFOS DEWS II pathophysiology report. Ocular Surface. 2017;15(3):438–510. 4. Call M, Fischesser K, Coulson-Thomas VJ, Zhang S, Kao WWY. Regulation of Meibomian Gland Formation and Function. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015 Jun 11;56(7):3199. 5. Galor A, Feuer W, Lee DJ, Florez H, Carter D, Pouyeh B, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of dry eye syndrome in a United States Veterans Affairs population. Am J Ophthalmol. 2011;152(3):377–84. 6. Selter JH, Gire AI, Sikder S. The relationship between Graves’ ophthalmopathy and dry eye syndrome. Clinical Ophthalmology. 2014;9(31):57–62. 7. Inoue S, Kawashima M, Arita R, Kozaki A, Tsubota K. Investigation of meibomian gland function and dry eye disease in patients with graves’ ophthalmopathy. J Clin Med. 2020;9(9):2814. 8. Park J, Kim J, Lee H, Park M, Baek S. Functional and structural evaluation of the meibomian gland using a LipiView interferometer in thyroid eye disease. Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2018;53(4). 9. Yılmaz Tuğan B, Özkan B. Evaluation of Meibomian Gland Loss and Ocular Surface Changes in Patients with Mild and Moderate-to-Severe Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: Meibomian gland loss in Graves’ Ophthalmopathy. Semin Ophthalmol. 2022;37(3):271–6. 10. Kim YS, Kwak AY, Lee SY, Yoon JS, Jang SY. Meibomian gland dysfunction in Graves’ orbitopathy. Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2015;50(4):278–82. 11. Park J, Baek S. Dry eye syndrome in thyroid eye disease patients: The role of increased incomplete blinking and Meibomian gland loss. Acta Ophthalmol. 2019;97(5):e800–6. 12. Wang CY, Ho RW, Fang PC, Yu HJ, Chien CC, Hsiao CC, et al. The function and morphology of Meibomian glands in patients with thyroid eye disease: A preliminary study. BMC Ophthalmol. 2018;18(1):90. 13. Davies TF, Andersen S, Latif R, Nagayama Y, Barbesino G, Brito M, et al. Graves’ disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020;6(1):52. 14. Davies TF, Ando T, Lin RY, Tomer Y, Latif R. Thyrotropin receptor-associated diseases: From adenomata to Graves disease. Vol. 115, Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2005. p. 1972–83. 15. Pritchard J, Han R, Horst N, Cruikshank WW, Smith TJ. Immunoglobulin Activation of T Cell Chemoattractant Expression in Fibroblasts from Patients with Graves’ Disease Is Mediated Through the Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Receptor Pathway. The Journal of Immunology. 2003;170(12):6348–54. 16. Krieger CC, Neumann S, Place RF, Marcus-Samuels B, Gershengorn MC. Bidirectional TSH and IGF-1 receptor cross talk mediates stimulation of hyaluronan secretion by Graves’ disease immunoglobins. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2015;100(3):1071–7. 17. Schaumberg DA, Nichols JJ, Papas EB, Tong L, Uchino M, Nichols KK. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: Report of the subcommittee on the epidemiology of, and associated risk factors for, MGD. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(4):1994–2005. 18. Obata H. Anatomy and histopathology of human meibomian gland. Cornea. 2002;21(7 SUPPL.):S70-4. 19. Crowe A, Yue W. Semi-quantitative Determination of Protein Expression Using Immunohistochemistry Staining and Analysis: An Integrated Protocol. Bio Protoc. 2019;9(24):e3465. 20. Asociación Médica Mundial. Declaración de Helsinki de la AMM– Principios Éticos Para Las Investigaciones Médicas En Seres Humanos [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2023 Jun 18]. Available from: https://www.wma.net/es/policies-post/declaracion-de-helsinki-de-la-amm-principios-eticos-para-las-investigaciones-medicas-en-seres-humanos/ 21. Shan SJC, Douglas RS. The pathophysiology of thyroid eye disease. Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology. 2014;34(2):177–85. 22. Krieger CC, Neumann S, Gershengorn MC. Is there evidence for IGF1R-stimulating abs in graves’ orbitopathy pathogenesis? Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(18):6561. 23. Eckstein AK, Finkenrath A, Heiligenhaus A, Renzing-Köhler K, Esser J, Krüger C, et al. Dry eye syndrome in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: Lacrimal expression of TSH receptor suggests involvement of TSHR-specific autoantibodies. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 2004;82(3 Pt 1):291–7. 24. The Human Protein Atlas. Tissue expression of TSHR [Internet]. [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000165409-TSHR/tissue 25. Shih YL, Huang YH, Lin KH, Chu Y De, Yeh CT. Identification of functional thyroid stimulating hormone receptor and TSHR gene mutations in hepatocellular carcinoma. Anticancer Res. 2018;38(5):2793–802. |
| dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| dc.rights.license.spa.fl_str_mv |
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional |
| dc.rights.uri.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
| dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| rights_invalid_str_mv |
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
| dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv |
xiv, 25 páginas |
| dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
| dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
| dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv |
Bogotá - Medicina - Especialidad en Oftalmología |
| dc.publisher.faculty.spa.fl_str_mv |
Facultad de Medicina |
| dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv |
Bogotá, Colombia |
| dc.publisher.branch.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá |
| institution |
Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
| bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/87024/1/license.txt https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/87024/2/1032469544.2024.pdf https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/87024/3/1032469544.2024.pdf.jpg |
| bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
eb34b1cf90b7e1103fc9dfd26be24b4a ea1f38d736f12aebe0250206e9dc6b92 cb08cfaf1cea1bb1a12a6bcfd20a7025 |
| bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
repositorio_nal@unal.edu.co |
| _version_ |
1814090104186077184 |
| spelling |
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Ávila Castañeda, Marcel Yecid0f760a5f1edabdfbd9cc3f89b15f193bJimenez Mora, Mario Alejandro553489bee3b0d6e9f07ce790972730d7Jimenez Mora, Mario Alejandro [000000017180758X]2024-10-22T20:38:11Z2024-10-22T20:38:11Z2024-10-19https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/87024Universidad Nacional de ColombiaRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiahttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ilustraciones, fotografías, tablasLas glándulas de Meibomio se ubican en el tarso de los párpados superior e inferior. Su función es secretar la capa lipídica de la película lagrimal, la cual es vital para el adecuado funcionamiento de la superficie ocular, ya que impide que la porción acuosa de la lágrima se evapore. La prevalencia de la disfunción de las glándulas de Meibomio ha sido reportada entre el 3.5% hasta el 70% en diferentes poblaciones, siendo este uno de los principales motivos de consulta. Se conocen algunos determinantes de su función y regulación, sin embargo, quedan muchos aspectos por dilucidar. En la enfermedad ocular tiroidea, se producen autoanticuerpos que llevan a la activación del receptor de la hormona estimulante de la tiroides (TSHR) y del receptor del factor de crecimiento similar a la insulina 1 (IGF1R), lo que desencadena las diferentes manifestaciones de la enfermedad. La enfermedad ocular tiroidea ha sido estrechamente asociada con la Enfermedad de Ojo Seco, y una altísima proporción de los pacientes sufren disfunción de las glándulas de Meibomio. Este hecho sugiere la posibilidad de que la vía de la hormona estimulante de la tiroides intervenga en la función de las glándulas de Meibomio y sea responsable de su disfunción en el estado distiroideo. El objetivo del estudio es evaluar la presencia o ausencia de expresión del TSHR e IGF1R en las glándulas de Meibomio de 9 cadáveres adultos jóvenes sanos. Se exploró la expresión proteica de los receptores por medio de inmunohistoquímica. Se encontró que las glándulas de Meibomio humanas expresan, con alta probabilidad, receptores para la hormona estimulante de la tiroides (TSHR) y el factor de crecimiento similar a la insulina 1 (IGF1R). Estos resultados permitirán entender mejor la fisiopatología del ojo seco en la enfermedad de Graves, avanzar en el entendimiento de la fisiología de la glándula de Meibomio, y plantear estudios futuros que permitan encontrar objetivos terapéuticos en pacientes con ojo seco y disfunción de glándulas de Meibomio. (Texto tomado de la fuente)Meibomian glands are located in the tarsus of the upper and lower eyelids. Their function is to secrete the lipid layer of the tear film, which is vital for the proper functioning of the ocular surface, as it prevents the aqueous portion of the tear from evaporating. The prevalence of Meibomian gland dysfunction has been reported between 3.5% and 70% in different populations, and this is one of the main reasons for consultation. Some determinants of their function and regulation are known, however, many aspects remain to be elucidated. In thyroid eye disease, autoantibodies lead to the activation of the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) and the insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF1R), which triggers the different manifestations of the disease. Thyroid eye disease has been closely associated with Dry Eye Disease, and a very high proportion of patients suffer from Meibomian gland dysfunction. This fact suggests the possibility that the thyroid-stimulating hormone pathway intervenes in the function of the meibomian glands and is responsible for their dysfunction in the dysthyroid state. The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence or absence of TSHR and IGF1R expression in the meibomian glands of 9 healthy young adult cadavers. Protein expression of the receptors was explored by immunohistochemistry. It was found that human meibomian glands express, with high probability, receptors for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSHR) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1R). These results will allow us to better understand the pathophysiology of dry eye in Graves' disease, advance in the understanding of meibomian gland physiology, and propose future studies that will allow us to find therapeutic targets in patients with dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction.Especialidades MédicasEspecialista en Oftalmologíaxiv, 25 páginasapplication/pdfspaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotá - Medicina - Especialidad en OftalmologíaFacultad de MedicinaBogotá, ColombiaUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá610 - Medicina y saludInsulinaInsulinProteínasGlándulas de MeibomioSíndromes de Ojo SecoEnfermedades tiroideasReceptores de tirotropinaReceptor de IGF Tipo 1Meibomian GlandsDry Eye SyndromesThyroid DiseasesReceptors, ThyrotropinReceptor, IGF Type 1Expresión del Receptor de la Hormona Estimulante de la Tiroides (TSHR) y del Factor de Crecimiento Similar a La Insulina 1 (IGF1R) en las Glándulas De Meibomio HumanasExpression of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor (TSHR) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1R) in Human Meibomian GlandsTrabajo de grado - Especialidad Médicainfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionTexthttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM1. Knop E, Knop N, Millar T, Obata H, Sullivan DA. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: Report of the subcommittee on anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of the meibomian gland. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(4):1938–78.2. Nichols KK, Foulks GN, Bron AJ, Glasgow BJ, Dogru M, Tsubota K, et al. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: Executive summary. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(4):1922–9.3. Bron AJ, de Paiva CS, Chauhan SK, Bonini S, Gabison EE, Jain S, et al. TFOS DEWS II pathophysiology report. Ocular Surface. 2017;15(3):438–510.4. Call M, Fischesser K, Coulson-Thomas VJ, Zhang S, Kao WWY. Regulation of Meibomian Gland Formation and Function. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015 Jun 11;56(7):3199.5. Galor A, Feuer W, Lee DJ, Florez H, Carter D, Pouyeh B, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of dry eye syndrome in a United States Veterans Affairs population. Am J Ophthalmol. 2011;152(3):377–84.6. Selter JH, Gire AI, Sikder S. The relationship between Graves’ ophthalmopathy and dry eye syndrome. Clinical Ophthalmology. 2014;9(31):57–62.7. Inoue S, Kawashima M, Arita R, Kozaki A, Tsubota K. Investigation of meibomian gland function and dry eye disease in patients with graves’ ophthalmopathy. J Clin Med. 2020;9(9):2814.8. Park J, Kim J, Lee H, Park M, Baek S. Functional and structural evaluation of the meibomian gland using a LipiView interferometer in thyroid eye disease. Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2018;53(4).9. Yılmaz Tuğan B, Özkan B. Evaluation of Meibomian Gland Loss and Ocular Surface Changes in Patients with Mild and Moderate-to-Severe Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: Meibomian gland loss in Graves’ Ophthalmopathy. Semin Ophthalmol. 2022;37(3):271–6.10. Kim YS, Kwak AY, Lee SY, Yoon JS, Jang SY. Meibomian gland dysfunction in Graves’ orbitopathy. Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2015;50(4):278–82.11. Park J, Baek S. Dry eye syndrome in thyroid eye disease patients: The role of increased incomplete blinking and Meibomian gland loss. Acta Ophthalmol. 2019;97(5):e800–6.12. Wang CY, Ho RW, Fang PC, Yu HJ, Chien CC, Hsiao CC, et al. The function and morphology of Meibomian glands in patients with thyroid eye disease: A preliminary study. BMC Ophthalmol. 2018;18(1):90.13. Davies TF, Andersen S, Latif R, Nagayama Y, Barbesino G, Brito M, et al. Graves’ disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020;6(1):52.14. Davies TF, Ando T, Lin RY, Tomer Y, Latif R. Thyrotropin receptor-associated diseases: From adenomata to Graves disease. Vol. 115, Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2005. p. 1972–83.15. Pritchard J, Han R, Horst N, Cruikshank WW, Smith TJ. Immunoglobulin Activation of T Cell Chemoattractant Expression in Fibroblasts from Patients with Graves’ Disease Is Mediated Through the Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Receptor Pathway. The Journal of Immunology. 2003;170(12):6348–54.16. Krieger CC, Neumann S, Place RF, Marcus-Samuels B, Gershengorn MC. Bidirectional TSH and IGF-1 receptor cross talk mediates stimulation of hyaluronan secretion by Graves’ disease immunoglobins. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2015;100(3):1071–7.17. Schaumberg DA, Nichols JJ, Papas EB, Tong L, Uchino M, Nichols KK. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: Report of the subcommittee on the epidemiology of, and associated risk factors for, MGD. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(4):1994–2005.18. Obata H. Anatomy and histopathology of human meibomian gland. Cornea. 2002;21(7 SUPPL.):S70-4.19. Crowe A, Yue W. Semi-quantitative Determination of Protein Expression Using Immunohistochemistry Staining and Analysis: An Integrated Protocol. Bio Protoc. 2019;9(24):e3465.20. Asociación Médica Mundial. Declaración de Helsinki de la AMM– Principios Éticos Para Las Investigaciones Médicas En Seres Humanos [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2023 Jun 18]. Available from: https://www.wma.net/es/policies-post/declaracion-de-helsinki-de-la-amm-principios-eticos-para-las-investigaciones-medicas-en-seres-humanos/21. Shan SJC, Douglas RS. The pathophysiology of thyroid eye disease. Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology. 2014;34(2):177–85.22. Krieger CC, Neumann S, Gershengorn MC. Is there evidence for IGF1R-stimulating abs in graves’ orbitopathy pathogenesis? Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(18):6561.23. Eckstein AK, Finkenrath A, Heiligenhaus A, Renzing-Köhler K, Esser J, Krüger C, et al. Dry eye syndrome in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: Lacrimal expression of TSH receptor suggests involvement of TSHR-specific autoantibodies. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 2004;82(3 Pt 1):291–7.24. The Human Protein Atlas. Tissue expression of TSHR [Internet]. [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000165409-TSHR/tissue25. Shih YL, Huang YH, Lin KH, Chu Y De, Yeh CT. Identification of functional thyroid stimulating hormone receptor and TSHR gene mutations in hepatocellular carcinoma. Anticancer Res. 2018;38(5):2793–802.InvestigadoresLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-85879https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/87024/1/license.txteb34b1cf90b7e1103fc9dfd26be24b4aMD51ORIGINAL1032469544.2024.pdf1032469544.2024.pdfTrabajo de grado - Especialidad Medica en Oftalmologíaapplication/pdf2081214https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/87024/2/1032469544.2024.pdfea1f38d736f12aebe0250206e9dc6b92MD52THUMBNAIL1032469544.2024.pdf.jpg1032469544.2024.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg6446https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/87024/3/1032469544.2024.pdf.jpgcb08cfaf1cea1bb1a12a6bcfd20a7025MD53unal/87024oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/870242024-10-23 00:07:47.688Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiarepositorio_nal@unal.edu.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 |