Estudio de la influencia del proceso de plastificación en la eficiencia energética del proceso de extrusión monohusillo
Con el objetivo de estudiar la influencia del proceso de plastificación en la eficiencia energética del proceso de extrusión monohusillo, en el presente proyecto se realizaron las siguientes actividades de investigación, con los siguientes resultados: Se realizó el seguimiento del desempeño energéti...
- Autores:
-
Estrada Ramírez, Omar Augusto
- Tipo de recurso:
- Doctoral thesis
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2021
- Institución:
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- Repositorio:
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/79375
- Palabra clave:
- 620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines::629 - Otras ramas de la ingeniería
330 - Economía::333 - Economía de la tierra y de la energía
Polímeros
Eficiencia energética
Extrusión de termoplásticos
Unidades de plastificación
Procesamiento de polímeros
Energy Efficiency
Polymer extrusion
Plasticating units
Polymer processing
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
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| dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Estudio de la influencia del proceso de plastificación en la eficiencia energética del proceso de extrusión monohusillo |
| dc.title.translated.none.fl_str_mv |
Study of the influence of the plasticizing process on the energy efficiency of the single screw extrusion process |
| title |
Estudio de la influencia del proceso de plastificación en la eficiencia energética del proceso de extrusión monohusillo |
| spellingShingle |
Estudio de la influencia del proceso de plastificación en la eficiencia energética del proceso de extrusión monohusillo 620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines::629 - Otras ramas de la ingeniería 330 - Economía::333 - Economía de la tierra y de la energía Polímeros Eficiencia energética Extrusión de termoplásticos Unidades de plastificación Procesamiento de polímeros Energy Efficiency Polymer extrusion Plasticating units Polymer processing |
| title_short |
Estudio de la influencia del proceso de plastificación en la eficiencia energética del proceso de extrusión monohusillo |
| title_full |
Estudio de la influencia del proceso de plastificación en la eficiencia energética del proceso de extrusión monohusillo |
| title_fullStr |
Estudio de la influencia del proceso de plastificación en la eficiencia energética del proceso de extrusión monohusillo |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Estudio de la influencia del proceso de plastificación en la eficiencia energética del proceso de extrusión monohusillo |
| title_sort |
Estudio de la influencia del proceso de plastificación en la eficiencia energética del proceso de extrusión monohusillo |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Estrada Ramírez, Omar Augusto |
| dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv |
Chejne Janna, Farid |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Estrada Ramírez, Omar Augusto |
| dc.contributor.researchgroup.spa.fl_str_mv |
Termodinámica Aplicada y Energías Alternativas |
| dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv |
620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines::629 - Otras ramas de la ingeniería 330 - Economía::333 - Economía de la tierra y de la energía |
| topic |
620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines::629 - Otras ramas de la ingeniería 330 - Economía::333 - Economía de la tierra y de la energía Polímeros Eficiencia energética Extrusión de termoplásticos Unidades de plastificación Procesamiento de polímeros Energy Efficiency Polymer extrusion Plasticating units Polymer processing |
| dc.subject.lemb.none.fl_str_mv |
Polímeros |
| dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Eficiencia energética Extrusión de termoplásticos Unidades de plastificación Procesamiento de polímeros |
| dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
Energy Efficiency Polymer extrusion Plasticating units Polymer processing |
| description |
Con el objetivo de estudiar la influencia del proceso de plastificación en la eficiencia energética del proceso de extrusión monohusillo, en el presente proyecto se realizaron las siguientes actividades de investigación, con los siguientes resultados: Se realizó el seguimiento del desempeño energético de algunos procesos industriales de procesamiento de polímeros para entender la relación entre la eficiencia productiva y la eficiencia energética. Como resultado se desarrolló el Método de las Brechas Energéticas (Energy Gap Method o EGM), el cual permite identificar el origen de las ineficiencias alrededor de los procesos productivos y mejorar eficazmente la productividad y el consumo de energía. El método fue publicado en el Journal of Cleaner Production en 2017 y ha sido utilizado exitosamente en más de 20 empresas en Colombia. Se realizó el estudio del desempeño energético del proceso de extrusión, comparando cinco diferentes unidades de plastificación de zona de alimentación ranurada (GFE) y una unidad de plastificación con zona de plastificación ranurada (GPE), todas ellas compartiendo el mismo motor, reductor, sistema de control y posextrusión. Se presentó la dependencia del consumo de energía específico (SEC) con las condiciones de operación, el tipo de husillo empleado y el tipo de unidad de plastificación utilizada. Se introdujo el concepto de eficiencia energética máxima y eficiencia energética relativa para una extrusora y la forma de determinarlas. Se plantearon hipótesis por las cuales las GPE son más productivas y eficientes energéticamente. Este trabajo condujo a una publicación en la revista Energy en 2020. Se reevaluó la hipótesis con la que dio inicio el trabajo y se estableció que GPE es más productiva y eficiente energéticamente que GFE, debido a que la unidad de plastificación logra una plastificación más rápida e incrementa las componentes de mezcla. Se planteó que el motivo para que la plastificación ocurra con mayor velocidad es por un mecanismo que no ha sido reportado a la fecha el cual fue llamado Remoción de la Capa de Transición. Se desarrolló un modelo simplificado y se solucionó empleando el método de diferencias finitas (FDM) para evaluar la hipótesis. Se encontró que la capa de transición se forma y juega un papel muy importante en el proceso de plastificación y que las modelaciones reportadas en el estado del arte no la consideran. También se pudo mostrar que retirar la capa de transición puede acelerar de forma considerable la velocidad de plastificación del polímero en una unidad de plastificación. Se presentó a través de simulaciones en 3D usando OpenFOAM®, que la geometría del canal en una GPE incrementa significativamente las componentes de mezcla. Como producto de estos conceptos se fabricó un prototipo de una nueva unidad de plastificación que se denominó “Extrusora con Zona de Plastificación Mezcladora (MPE)”. La unidad de plastificación exhibió un desempeño productivo cuatro veces superior y un consumo específico de energía que fue la mitad del de una extrusora convencional con zona de alimentación lisa. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-03-26T16:03:03Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-03-26T16:03:03Z |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-03-15 |
| dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
Trabajo de grado - Doctorado |
| dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06 |
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Text |
| dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TD |
| format |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06 |
| status_str |
acceptedVersion |
| dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79375 |
| dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad Nacional -Sede Medellín |
| dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv |
Repositorio Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
| dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ |
| url |
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79375 https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ |
| identifier_str_mv |
Universidad Nacional -Sede Medellín Repositorio Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
| dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
spa |
| language |
spa |
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| dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv |
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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 InternacionalDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombiahttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Chejne Janna, Farid401f8232cbbed073cf4612ce7bc3b54bEstrada Ramírez, Omar Augusto7c046aef84be9fa0848630f30a1c2d7dTermodinámica Aplicada y Energías Alternativas2021-03-26T16:03:03Z2021-03-26T16:03:03Z2021-03-15https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79375Universidad Nacional -Sede MedellínRepositorio Universidad Nacional de Colombiahttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/Con el objetivo de estudiar la influencia del proceso de plastificación en la eficiencia energética del proceso de extrusión monohusillo, en el presente proyecto se realizaron las siguientes actividades de investigación, con los siguientes resultados: Se realizó el seguimiento del desempeño energético de algunos procesos industriales de procesamiento de polímeros para entender la relación entre la eficiencia productiva y la eficiencia energética. Como resultado se desarrolló el Método de las Brechas Energéticas (Energy Gap Method o EGM), el cual permite identificar el origen de las ineficiencias alrededor de los procesos productivos y mejorar eficazmente la productividad y el consumo de energía. El método fue publicado en el Journal of Cleaner Production en 2017 y ha sido utilizado exitosamente en más de 20 empresas en Colombia. Se realizó el estudio del desempeño energético del proceso de extrusión, comparando cinco diferentes unidades de plastificación de zona de alimentación ranurada (GFE) y una unidad de plastificación con zona de plastificación ranurada (GPE), todas ellas compartiendo el mismo motor, reductor, sistema de control y posextrusión. Se presentó la dependencia del consumo de energía específico (SEC) con las condiciones de operación, el tipo de husillo empleado y el tipo de unidad de plastificación utilizada. Se introdujo el concepto de eficiencia energética máxima y eficiencia energética relativa para una extrusora y la forma de determinarlas. Se plantearon hipótesis por las cuales las GPE son más productivas y eficientes energéticamente. Este trabajo condujo a una publicación en la revista Energy en 2020. Se reevaluó la hipótesis con la que dio inicio el trabajo y se estableció que GPE es más productiva y eficiente energéticamente que GFE, debido a que la unidad de plastificación logra una plastificación más rápida e incrementa las componentes de mezcla. Se planteó que el motivo para que la plastificación ocurra con mayor velocidad es por un mecanismo que no ha sido reportado a la fecha el cual fue llamado Remoción de la Capa de Transición. Se desarrolló un modelo simplificado y se solucionó empleando el método de diferencias finitas (FDM) para evaluar la hipótesis. Se encontró que la capa de transición se forma y juega un papel muy importante en el proceso de plastificación y que las modelaciones reportadas en el estado del arte no la consideran. También se pudo mostrar que retirar la capa de transición puede acelerar de forma considerable la velocidad de plastificación del polímero en una unidad de plastificación. Se presentó a través de simulaciones en 3D usando OpenFOAM®, que la geometría del canal en una GPE incrementa significativamente las componentes de mezcla. Como producto de estos conceptos se fabricó un prototipo de una nueva unidad de plastificación que se denominó “Extrusora con Zona de Plastificación Mezcladora (MPE)”. La unidad de plastificación exhibió un desempeño productivo cuatro veces superior y un consumo específico de energía que fue la mitad del de una extrusora convencional con zona de alimentación lisa.In order to study the influence of the plasticizing process on the energy efficiency of the single screw extrusion process, the following research activities were carried out in this project, with the following results: The energy performance of some industrial polymer processing processes was monitored to understand the relationship between production efficiency and energy efficiency. As a result, the Energy Gap Method was developed. This method allows identifying the origin of inefficiencies around production processes and effectively improving productivity and energy consumption. The method was published in the Journal of Cleaner Production in 2017 and has been used successfully in more than 20 companies in Colombia. The energy performance study of the extrusion process was carried out, comparing five different grooved feed zone plasticating units (GFE) and one plasticating unit with grooved plasticating zone (GPE). Each of these technologies sharing the same motor, reducer, system control and post-extrusion. The dependence of the specific energy consumption (SEC) with the operational conditions, the type of screw and the type of plasticating unit used was presented. The maximum energy efficiency and relative energy efficiency concept for an extruder was introduced. In addition, the mathematical formulation was obtained for both. Hypotheses were put forward as to why GPE technology is more productive and energy efficient. This work led to a publication in Energy magazine in 2020. The initial hypothesis was re-evaluated and it was established that GPE is more productive and energy efficient than GFE, due to the fact that the plasticating unit achieves a faster plasticization and increases the mixing components. It was suggested that the reason for the faster plasticization is due to a mechanism called Transition Layer Removal. This mechanism has not been reported in the state of art to date. In order to evaluate the hypothesis, a simplified model was developed and it was solved using the finite difference method (FDM). It was found that the transition layer is formed and this layer plays a very important role in the plasticization process. Plasticizing models in polymer extrusion reported in the state of the art do not consider it. It could also be shown that removing the transition layer can considerably accelerate the plasticizing rate of the polymer in a plasticating unit. Using OpenFOAM® 3D simulations, a significant increment of the mixing component was found as a product of the geometry of the channel in the GPE technology. As a product of all concepts studied, a prototype of a new plasticating unit was manufactured, called Mixing Plasticating Extruder (MPE). This prototype exhibited four time higher production performance and a specific energy consumption that is a half in comparison to conventional extruder with a smooth feed zone.DoctoradoSistemas Energéticos236 páginasapplication/pdfspaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaMedellín - Minas - Doctorado en Ingeniería - Sistemas EnergéticosDepartamento de Procesos y EnergíaFacultad de MinasMedellínUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellín620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines::629 - Otras ramas de la ingeniería330 - Economía::333 - Economía de la tierra y de la energíaPolímerosEficiencia energéticaExtrusión de termoplásticosUnidades de plastificaciónProcesamiento de polímerosEnergy EfficiencyPolymer extrusionPlasticating unitsPolymer processingEstudio de la influencia del proceso de plastificación en la eficiencia energética del proceso de extrusión monohusilloStudy of the influence of the plasticizing process on the energy efficiency of the single screw extrusion processTrabajo de grado - Doctoradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06Texthttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TD[1] IEA B. 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