Seasonal patterns of biogeochemical conditions of the water column and sediment - water interface near the submarine outfall in the Santa Marta Bay, Colombian Caribbean.

Ilustraciones

Autores:: Arroyave Gómez, Diana Marcela

Tipo de recurso:: Doctoral thesis

Fecha de publicación:: 2020

Institución:: Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Repositorio:: Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Idioma:: eng

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repository_id_str
dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv	Seasonal patterns of biogeochemical conditions of the water column and sediment - water interface near the submarine outfall in the Santa Marta Bay, Colombian Caribbean.
dc.title.translated.spa.fl_str_mv	Condiciones biogeoquímicas en la columna de agua y en la anterface sedimento - agua en las cercanías del emisario submarino de la Bahía de Santa Marta (Caribe - Colombiano) producidas por patrones climáticos estacionales.
title	Seasonal patterns of biogeochemical conditions of the water column and sediment - water interface near the submarine outfall in the Santa Marta Bay, Colombian Caribbean.
spellingShingle	Seasonal patterns of biogeochemical conditions of the water column and sediment - water interface near the submarine outfall in the Santa Marta Bay, Colombian Caribbean. 620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines::627 - Ingeniería hidráulica Sewage Sedimentation and deposition Aguas residuales Sedimentación sewage outfall benthic metabolism upwelling denitrification Emisario de aguas residuales Metabolismo béntico Surgencia Desnitrificación y nitrato amonificación
title_short	Seasonal patterns of biogeochemical conditions of the water column and sediment - water interface near the submarine outfall in the Santa Marta Bay, Colombian Caribbean.
title_full	Seasonal patterns of biogeochemical conditions of the water column and sediment - water interface near the submarine outfall in the Santa Marta Bay, Colombian Caribbean.
title_fullStr	Seasonal patterns of biogeochemical conditions of the water column and sediment - water interface near the submarine outfall in the Santa Marta Bay, Colombian Caribbean.
title_full_unstemmed	Seasonal patterns of biogeochemical conditions of the water column and sediment - water interface near the submarine outfall in the Santa Marta Bay, Colombian Caribbean.
title_sort	Seasonal patterns of biogeochemical conditions of the water column and sediment - water interface near the submarine outfall in the Santa Marta Bay, Colombian Caribbean.
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Arroyave Gómez, Diana Marcela
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv	Toro Botero, Francisco Mauricio
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Arroyave Gómez, Diana Marcela
dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv	620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines::627 - Ingeniería hidráulica
topic	620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines::627 - Ingeniería hidráulica Sewage Sedimentation and deposition Aguas residuales Sedimentación sewage outfall benthic metabolism upwelling denitrification Emisario de aguas residuales Metabolismo béntico Surgencia Desnitrificación y nitrato amonificación
dc.subject.lemb.eng.fl_str_mv	Sewage Sedimentation and deposition
dc.subject.lemb.spa.fl_str_mv	Aguas residuales Sedimentación
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv	sewage outfall benthic metabolism upwelling denitrification
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv	Emisario de aguas residuales Metabolismo béntico Surgencia Desnitrificación y nitrato amonificación
description	Ilustraciones
publishDate	2020
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2020-06
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2021-09-23T21:31:32Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2021-09-23T21:31:32Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv	Trabajo de grado - Doctorado
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv	Text
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TD
format	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
status_str	acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80283
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv	Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv	Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv	https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
url	https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80283 https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv	Universidad Nacional de Colombia Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv	eng
language	eng
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dc.coverage.city.none.fl_str_mv	Santa Marta (Colombia)
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv	Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv	Medellín - Minas - Doctorado en Ciencias del Mar
dc.publisher.department.spa.fl_str_mv	Departamento de Geociencias y Medo Ambiente
dc.publisher.faculty.spa.fl_str_mv	Facultad de Minas
dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv	Medellín
dc.publisher.branch.spa.fl_str_mv	Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellín
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spelling	Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Toro Botero, Francisco Mauriciocf257e79744a6dbf5281054eb02b0352600Arroyave Gómez, Diana Marcela84a6eec2f1aed3a89ba33431383e99782021-09-23T21:31:32Z2021-09-23T21:31:32Z2020-06https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80283Universidad Nacional de ColombiaRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiahttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/IlustracionesThe biogeochemical conditions at the sediment-water interface and along the water column near the discharge of the Santa Marta sewage outfall (SMSO) were studied during the non upwelling (NUPW) and upwelling (UPW) seasons by sedimentary properties and benthic metabolism measurements, as well as, by the implementation of a coupled 3D hydrodynamic-ecological model (AEM3D). Sediment properties (organic matter quantity, C, N and P pools and δ13C, δ15N and redox potential) and benthic metabolism (aerobic respiration, denitrification, nitrate ammonification and nutrient recycling) were analyzed in four stations located in the proximity and 100, 750 and 1800 m far from the untreated wastewater effluent discharge in both seasons in the Santa Marta Coastal Area (SMCA). From each site, sediment cores were collected between 20 and 30 m depth. Then, the nutrient fluxes were measured in the laboratory via dark incubations; sequentially to fluxes denitrification and dissimilative nitrate reduction to ammonium were measured via the r-IPT (Isotope Pairing Tecnnique). The results indicate that the sediments trace the impact of the outfall (at 750 m and 1800 m with a contribution of terrestrial organic carbon of ~ 40 and ~ 20%, respectively). The results suggest significantly higher sediment oxygen demands (SOD) in the outfall vicinity, as well as a suppression of denitrification and increments in the ammonia nitrogen release through disassimilatory reduction of nitrate to ammonium (DNRA), which was increased during the UPW season. On the other hand, AEM3D model was applied to analyze the seasonal variations of water physico-chemical and biological parameters in SMAC under two different nutrient and organic matter loads from wastewater outfall (flow-rate of 1.0 m3 s-1 and 2.5 m3 s-1) and along the NUPW and UPW season. The model was set up, calibrated and validated based on benthic metabolic measurements carried out within the simulation period, satellite–derived chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and sea surface temperature (SST) maps, HYCOM database and field and literature water quality data. The model was able to reproduce the magnitude and timing of complex dynamics and fast transitions of temperature, nutrients, and phytoplankton, including the time and duration of stratification and mixing periods during the NUPW and UPW seasons. The model was also able to capture the effect of fertilization from upwelling and from the outfall plume. The wind field was the main driver of nearshore hydrodynamics and the outfall plume dispersion. The shortest average residence times of the outfall plume (3.7 ± 0.4 days) corresponded to the period of highest upwelling intensity. Temperature, light intensity and nutrients were the factors that limited phytoplankton growth. The plume concentrations of TOC, TP and PO43- increased slightly under two scenarios of different wastewater loading. The phytoplankton growth was limited in both NUPW and UPW seasons due to large changes in temperature and advection and mixing in the coastal area, resulting in large dilution of nutrient loads. Wide and fast changes in the temperatures and the highly energetic environment uncoupled phytoplankton growth and nutrient supply in the benthic and pelagic compartments. The model proved to be a reasonably reliable research and management tool to predict nutrient and phytoplankton dynamics, and to analyze the individual role of different inputs during NUPW and UPW seasons. The main model outputs suggest limited impact of the nutrients from the outfall and from upwelling to the chemical and biological quality of the water in the SMCA. However, sediment analyses revealed the occurrence of a pronounced organic impact, altering sediment biogeochemical dynamics and suggest maintaining this system continuously monitored and studied, via combination of experimental activities, satellite-based monitoring and modeling approaches. This seems particularly important due to increasing anthropogenic pressures on the coastal area and on watersheds and to ongoing global changes affecting climate, wind intensity, water temperature and mixing rates.Las condiciones biogeoquímicas en la interface sedimento-agua y en la columna de agua cerca de la descarga del emisario de aguas residuales de Santa Marta (ESM) fueron estudiadas en el periodo de surgencia (S) y no surgencia (NS) mediante mediciones de propiedades sedimentarias y flujos de nutrientes bentónicos, así como, con la implementación del modelo acoplado hidrodinámicoecológico AEM3D. Las propiedades sedimentarias (materia orgánica, contenido de C, N, P, δ 13C y δ 15N, y potencial redox) y el metabolismo béntico (respiración aerobia, desnitrificación, nitrato amonificación y reciclaje de nutrientes) fueron analizadas en cuatro estaciones ubicadas en la proximidad, a 100 m, 750 m y 1800 m de distancia de la descarga del efluente de aguas residuales no tratadas en ambos periodos climáticos en el Área Costera de Santa Marta (ACSM). En cada sitio, se muestrearon núcleos de sedimento a profundidades entre 20 m y 30 m. Luego, los flujos de nutrientes fueron medidos en el laboratorio vía incubaciones oscuras; en paralelo a los flujos, se midieron la desnitrificación y la reducción desasimilatoria del nitrato a amonio vía IPT (por sus siglas en inglés, Isotope Pairing Tecnnique). Los resultados indican que los sedimentos permitieron trazar el impacto del emisario (a 750 m y 1800 m con una contribución del carbono orgánico terrestre del ∼ 40 y ~20 %, respectivamente). Los resultados sugieren altas demandas de oxígeno de los sedimentos en la proximidad del emisario, así como una supresión de la desnitrificación e incrementos en la libración de nitrógeno amoniacal por medio reducción desasimilatoria de nitrato a amonio (por sus siglas en inglés, DNRA), el cual se vió incrementado durante el período de surgencia. Por otra parte, el modelo AEM3D fue aplicado para analizar las variaciones estacionales de los parámetros fisicoquímicos y biológicos en la columna de agua del ACSM bajo dos cargas diferentes de nutrientes y materia orgánica provenientes del efluente del agua residual del emisario (caudal de 1.0 m3 s-1 y 2.5 m3 s-1) durante los periodos de NS y S. El modelo fue configurado, calibrado y validado con base en mediciones de metabolismo béntico obtenida dentro del periodo de simulación, imágenes satelitales de temperatura superficial del mar (TSM) y clorofila-a (Chla), información de base datos de HYCOM, campañas de campo y literatura. El modelo fue capaz de reproducir la magnitud y la compleja dinámica de las rápidas transiciones de temperatura, nutrientes y fitoplancton, incluido el tiempo y la duración de los períodos de estratificación y II mezcla durante las temporadas NS y S. El modelo también pudo capturar el efecto de la fertilización de la surgencia y del emisario. El campo de viento fue el principal forzante de la hidrodinámica costera y la dispersión de la pluma. Los tiempos de residencia promedio más bajos de la pluma (3.7 ± 0.4 días) correspondieron al período de mayor intensidad de la surgencia. La temperatura, la luz y los nutrientes fueron los factores que limitaron el crecimiento del fitoplancton. Las concentraciones carbono orgánico total (COT), fósforo total (TP) y fosfato (PO4 3-) aumentaron levemente en los dos escenarios de carga de aguas residuales. El crecimiento del fitoplancton fue limitado tanto en el periodo de NS como en S debido a los grandes cambios de temperatura y advección y mezcla en el área costera, lo que resultó en una gran dilución de las cargas de nutrientes. Los grandes y rápidos cambios en la temperatura y el ambiente altamente energético desacoplaron el crecimiento del fitoplancton con el suministro de nutrientes en los compartimentos bentónico y pelágico. El modelo demostró ser una herramienta de investigación y de gestión razonablemente confiable para predecir la dinámica de nutrientes y fitoplancton, y para analizar el papel individual de diferentes entradas de nutrientes durante los periodos de NS y S. El principal resultado del modelo sugiere un impacto limitado de los nutrientes del emisario y de la surgencia sobre la calidad química y biológica del agua en el ACMS. Sin embargo, los análisis de sedimentos revelaron la ocurrencia de un impacto orgánico pronunciado, alterando la dinámica biogeoquímica de los sedimentos y sugieren mantener este sistema continuamente monitoreado y estudiado, a través de una combinación de actividades experimentales, monitoreo basado en imágenes de satélites y enfoques de modelación. Esto parece particularmente importante debido a las crecientes presiones antropogénicas en las áreas costeras y en las cuencas hidrográficas, y a los cambios globales en curso que afectan el clima, la intensidad del viento, la temperatura del agua y las tasas de mezcla. 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Biogeochemistry, 141(2), 143–165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0508-0COLCIENCIASInvestigadoresCC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8805https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/80283/3/license_rdf4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347MD53ORIGINAL43874051_2021.pdf43874051_2021.pdfTesis Doctorado en Ciencias del Marapplication/pdf5412294https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/80283/5/43874051_2021.pdf38182fe8f74bf503428d686d1779f062MD55LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-83964https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/80283/6/license.txtcccfe52f796b7c63423298c2d3365fc6MD56THUMBNAIL43874051_2021.pdf.jpg43874051_2021.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg4467https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/80283/7/43874051_2021.pdf.jpg6a4a9f900c3ab5229192c4990f23f13dMD57unal/80283oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/802832024-07-22 00:43:00.741Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de 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Seasonal patterns of biogeochemical conditions of the water column and sediment - water interface near the submarine outfall in the Santa Marta Bay, Colombian Caribbean.

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