Diversidad bacteriana asociada a una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales (PTAR) y estudio de microorganismos presentes involucrados en la degradación de ácidos grasos

The operation of wastewater treatment technologies depends on a combination of physical, chemical and biological factors and have to overcome several obstacles to degrade, adsorb and precipitate inorganic nutrients and organic pollutants. Microorganisms present in wastewater play essential roles in the degradation and removal of organic waste and xenobiotic pollutants. Removal of organic pollutants in the form of fats, oils and greases is a demanding procedure in wastewater treatment. Microbial lipases have distinctive industrial attention because of their stability, broad substrate specificity, high yields, regular supply and rapid growth of the enzyme-producing microorganisms. However, under certain conditions, they can catalyze other synthetic reactions like transesterification making of them an environmentally relevant class of enzymes, contributing to the improvement of wastewater treatment and biofuel synthesis. In Colombia, wastewater bacterial community studies have been focused on cultivable populations and to our present knowledge, there is little information regarding the general bacterial communities that inhabit these ecosystems. In this study, culture-dependent, molecular analysis and enzymatic methods were used to estimate bacterial diversity, monitor temporal and spatial bacterial community changes and screen for lipolytic microorganisms with bioremediation potential present in the wastewater. TTGE revealed predominant bands with affiliations to bacterial families Acetobacteraceae, Bacillaceae, Prevotellaceae, Pseudomonadaceae and Veillonellaceae. Bacterial and fungal isolates had affiliations to the genera Cronobacter, Leclercia, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Bacillus, Enterococcus, Escherichia, Kosakonia, Serratia, Chromobacterium, Mucor and Trichoderma. Several bacterial and fungal isolates tested positive for lipase enzyme production by qualitative and quantitative methods. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report for lipase and transesterification activities in the genus Kosakonia and the species K. oryzae. Our results indicate that there is a wide diversity of aerobic Gram-negative bacteria inhabiting the different sections of the WWTP, which possibly reflect the ecological condition, functioning and general efficiency of the WWTP in Colombia.

• Autores: Silva Bedoya, Lina Marcela
• Fecha de publicación: 2015
• Institución: Universidad Nacional de Colombia
• Repositorio: Universidad Nacional de Colombia
• Idioma: spa
• OAI Identifier: oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/56258
• Acceso en línea: https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/56258; http://bdigital.unal.edu.co/51933/
• Palabra clave: 66 Ingeniería química y Tecnologías relacionadas/ Chemical engineering; Bacterial diversity; Wastewater; Lipase; Transesterification; Fungi; Diversidad bacteriana; Aguas residuales; Lipasa; Transesterificación; Hongos
• Rights: openAccess
• License: Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional