Compuestos con posible actividad fotoprotectora a partir de extractos de macroalgas del caribe colombiano

ilustraciones, diagramas

Autores:
Abril Poveda, Sara Paola
Tipo de recurso:
Fecha de publicación:
2023
Institución:
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Repositorio:
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Idioma:
spa
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/84241
Acceso en línea:
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/84241
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
540 - Química y ciencias afines::543 - Química analítica
540 - Química y ciencias afines::547 - Química orgánica
Factor de Protección Solar
Sun Protection Factor
ALGAS
Algae
Fotoprotección
Perfilado metabólico
Algas marinas
Factores de protección solar
Actividad antioxidante
Photoprotection
Metabolic profiling
Algae
Sun protection factors
Antioxidant activity
Rights
openAccess
License
Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional
id UNACIONAL2_72d54eb54d07a9402fbed6e13c09aee5
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/84241
network_acronym_str UNACIONAL2
network_name_str Universidad Nacional de Colombia
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Compuestos con posible actividad fotoprotectora a partir de extractos de macroalgas del caribe colombiano
dc.title.translated.eng.fl_str_mv Promissory photoprotective extracts from Colombian Caribbean algae
title Compuestos con posible actividad fotoprotectora a partir de extractos de macroalgas del caribe colombiano
spellingShingle Compuestos con posible actividad fotoprotectora a partir de extractos de macroalgas del caribe colombiano
540 - Química y ciencias afines::543 - Química analítica
540 - Química y ciencias afines::547 - Química orgánica
Factor de Protección Solar
Sun Protection Factor
ALGAS
Algae
Fotoprotección
Perfilado metabólico
Algas marinas
Factores de protección solar
Actividad antioxidante
Photoprotection
Metabolic profiling
Algae
Sun protection factors
Antioxidant activity
title_short Compuestos con posible actividad fotoprotectora a partir de extractos de macroalgas del caribe colombiano
title_full Compuestos con posible actividad fotoprotectora a partir de extractos de macroalgas del caribe colombiano
title_fullStr Compuestos con posible actividad fotoprotectora a partir de extractos de macroalgas del caribe colombiano
title_full_unstemmed Compuestos con posible actividad fotoprotectora a partir de extractos de macroalgas del caribe colombiano
title_sort Compuestos con posible actividad fotoprotectora a partir de extractos de macroalgas del caribe colombiano
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Abril Poveda, Sara Paola
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Ramos Rodríguez, Freddy Alejandro
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Abril Poveda, Sara Paola
dc.contributor.researchgroup.spa.fl_str_mv Estudio y Aprovechamiento de Productos Naturales Marinos y Frutas de Colombia
dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv 540 - Química y ciencias afines::543 - Química analítica
540 - Química y ciencias afines::547 - Química orgánica
topic 540 - Química y ciencias afines::543 - Química analítica
540 - Química y ciencias afines::547 - Química orgánica
Factor de Protección Solar
Sun Protection Factor
ALGAS
Algae
Fotoprotección
Perfilado metabólico
Algas marinas
Factores de protección solar
Actividad antioxidante
Photoprotection
Metabolic profiling
Algae
Sun protection factors
Antioxidant activity
dc.subject.decs.spa.fl_str_mv Factor de Protección Solar
dc.subject.decs.eng.fl_str_mv Sun Protection Factor
dc.subject.lemb.spa.fl_str_mv ALGAS
dc.subject.lemb.eng.fl_str_mv Algae
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv Fotoprotección
Perfilado metabólico
Algas marinas
Factores de protección solar
Actividad antioxidante
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv Photoprotection
Metabolic profiling
Algae
Sun protection factors
Antioxidant activity
description ilustraciones, diagramas
publishDate 2023
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2023-07-21T15:47:45Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2023-07-21T15:47:45Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2023
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Trabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/84241
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
url https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/84241
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
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dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv xxvii, 208 páginas
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dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia
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dc.publisher.faculty.spa.fl_str_mv Facultad de Ciencias
dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv Bogotá, Colombia
dc.publisher.branch.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
institution Universidad Nacional de Colombia
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spelling Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Ramos Rodríguez, Freddy Alejandrod29e7005494a89dc2c5c7de26df7eb3bAbril Poveda, Sara Paolac84e3bd3c528aa9028806424b42bb093Estudio y Aprovechamiento de Productos Naturales Marinos y Frutas de Colombia2023-07-21T15:47:45Z2023-07-21T15:47:45Z2023https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/84241Universidad Nacional de ColombiaRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiahttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ilustraciones, diagramasLos altos índices de cáncer de piel y enfermedades asociadas a la exposición a la radiación reflejan la necesidad de desarrollar métodos efectivos para la protección de la piel. Estos métodos incluyen diferentes sustancias que por su naturaleza química puedan absorber o reflejar la radiación de diferentes longitudes de onda, o bien puedan intervenir en reacciones inducidas por especies reactivas de oxígeno o nitrógeno. Aunque en el mercado existen formulaciones que brindan la protección necesaria para la piel, el aumento en los niveles de radiación que llegan a la superficie de la tierra, las reacciones adversas en algunos usuarios y la acumulación de estos productos en los ecosistemas hacen necesaria la búsqueda de compuestos que brinden la protección adecuada para la piel, con menores efectos secundarios. Con esto en mente, se realizó la revisión sobre los métodos de evaluación de fotoprotección existentes y el potencial de las algas de origen marino como fuente de compuestos con actividad fotoprotectora. Esto mostró que los compuestos aislados de diferentes especies de algas, plantas y microorganismos, se consideran metabolitos con actividad fotoprotectora promisora, mostrando buena estabilidad y biocompatibilidad. En el caso de las algas, la diversidad de compuestos aislados a partir de las pocas especies que se han explorado, son el reflejo del gran potencial que este grupo de organismos puede ofrecer. Para Colombia, país considerado como uno de los más biodiversos en el mundo, avanzar en el estudio de su diversidad ficológica es una tarea pendiente por realizar, en el que se debe fortalecer tanto la investigación que se haga en el área, como el vínculo con la industria cosmética que pueda aprovechar e innovar con este tipo de recursos. A pesar de ello, el estudio de algas marinas para aplicaciones cosméticas y particularmente para fotoprotección es escaso alrededor del mundo por lo cual, todos los resultados derivados de este trabajo representan una de las primeras aproximaciones que se han hecho en el país dirigida a la exploración de compuestos con actividad fotoprotectora en especies de algas de Colombia. Para ello, se desarrolló una metodología para la selección de extractos con actividad fotoprotectora promisoria a partir de 28 muestras de algas pardas y rojas recolectadas en el Caribe Colombiano, usando procedimientos para la evaluación in vitro de los principales factores de protección solar (FPS, UVAr y λc) y la actividad antioxidante (ensayos por bioautografía en placas de TLC y de HPLC con derivatización postcolumna con DPPH), así como su correlación con el perfilado metabólico. Esto se realizó partiendo de la obtención de 336 extractos de diferente polaridad (84 diclorometano-metanol (orgánicos), butanólicos, metanólicos y acuosos), en los cuales se observó un potencial interesante para los extractos orgánicos en comparación con los extractos butanólicos, metanólicos o acuosos de todas las muestras estudiadas, así como una mejor actividad en aquellos extractos provenientes de algas pardas sobre los evaluados para las algas rojas. A partir de esta metodología se preseleccionaron 22 extractos orgánicos y un extracto butanólico de las especies de algas pardas y rojas, cuyo perfilado metabólico por HPLC-DAD, la metodología MCR-ALS y su análisis con herramientas de análisis estadístico multivariado mostraron la actividad más promisoria y los perfiles más diferenciados para cinco extractos orgánicos de las especies de algas pardas de los géneros Dictyota (Dictyota sp. (DP12301)), Stypopodium (S. zonale (EP10501-10901-11101)) y Turbinaria (T. tricostata (UP10201)). El estudio químico de estos extractos seleccionados se realizó por medio de fraccionamiento por cromatografía en columna y la interpretación de espectros de RMN de fracciones semipurificadas, guiando el estudio por medio del seguimiento de la actividad fotoprotectora con la metodología in vitro. Para el extracto orgánico de Dictyota sp. (DP12301), las fracciones más activas fueron D07 y D09, identificando en la primera de ellas, a la feofitina a como pigmento mayoritario y responsable de la actividad observada. Por otro lado, la separación cromatográfica de la fracción D09, seleccionada por su actividad y disponibilidad de biomasa, llevaron a la identificación la fucoxantina como el compuesto responsable de la actividad seguida. Adicionalmente, esta misma separación cromatográfica permitió la identificación del diterpeno isolinearol, el cual, al ser marcador químico para la especie, permite contribuir con la identificación del ejemplar estudiado como Canistrocarpus cervicornis. En el caso de los extractos de Turbinaria tricostata se identificaron 7 fracciones con los mejores parámetros de protección solar, mostrando en sus perfiles de RMN una composición mayoritaria de pigmentos y ácidos grasos, identificando a la feofitina a, la feoforbida a y la fucoxantina como compuestos responsables de la actividad. Para el ejemplar de Stypopodium zonale (EP10901) se identificaron 7 fracciones con los parámetros de protección solar más interesantes, en las cuales se identificó nuevamente a la fucoxantina y a la feofitina a como compuestos responsables de la actividad fotoprotectora seguida en estos extractos. Adicionalmente, el estudio químico de las fracciones permitió identificar al meroditerpeno stypoldiona y al fucosterol como componentes dentro de los extractos con actividad. Por otra parte, para el seguimiento de la actividad antioxidante, segundo mecanismo de fotoprotección evaluado en esta tesis, se implementó y estandarizó una metodología por HPLC con derivatización postcolumna con DPPH, cuyos parámetros de precisión y exactitud confirman que esta técnica permite seguir la actividad de interés a lo largo de una separación cromatográfica. A partir de esta, se identificaron 8 picos con la actividad de interés en los extractos orgánicos de Stypopodium zonale, indicando que la actividad observada en el extracto se relaciona con la presencia de ácidos grasos (como el fucosterol), diterpenos (como la stypoldiona) y pigmentos (como la fucoxantina). De esta manera, en este trabajo se logra una de las primeras metodologías reportadas para la exploración de compuestos con actividad fotoprotectora en especies de algas del caribe, integrando tanto información de la actividad fotoprotectora (in vitro), como información sobre la diversidad química de extractos de diferente polaridad. En este caso, los resultados mostraron que los pigmentos identificados en las especies de algas, dentro de los cuales la fucoxantina muestra una mejor actividad, son compuestos interesantes para futuras aplicaciones en fotoprotección, comprobando así el potencial del recurso ficológico de Colombia como fuente de compuestos con actividad. (Texto tomado de la fuente)The higher rates of skin cancer and diseases associated with sun radiation exposure reflect the urgent need to develop new methods for skin photoprotection. These could include UV-absorbing compounds or substances that can intervene in ROS or NOS-induced reactions. Although nowadays there are cosmetic formulations that provide skin photoprotection, the increase in the radiation levels on the earth's surface, the adverse reactions in some users, and the accumulation of these products in aquatic ecosystems make it necessary to explore new compounds that can provide adequate protection for the skin, with fewer side effects. Considering this information, we reviewed the existing methods for photoprotection evaluation and the potential of marine algae as a source of photoprotective compounds. Results showed that previously isolated compounds from natural sources such as algae, plants, and microorganisms are considered an important source of metabolites with promising photoprotective activity, stability, and biocompatibility. In algae, the high diversity of previously isolated compounds reflects an enormous potential from these organisms even though nowadays, only a few species have been explored. For Colombia, one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, exploring its phycological diversity is a pending task to be carried out; in which not only the research in the area should be strengthened, but also there is a need to reinforce the interaction with the cosmetic industry that can take advantage of these resources. Despite this, the study of marine algae for cosmetic applications, particularly photoprotection, is scarce worldwide. Therefore, all the results derived from this work represent one of the first approaches in Colombia aiming to search for compounds with photoprotective activity from Colombian algae species. A methodology to select extracts with promising photoprotective activity was developed, starting from 28 brown and red macroalgae samples collected in the Colombian Caribbean Sea. This was achieved by implementing methodologies for the in vitro evaluation of sun protection factors (SPF, UVAr, and λc) and antioxidant activity (bioautography and HPLC post-column derivatization antioxidant assays) and their correlation with their metabolic profile. This led to the obtention of 336 extracts of different polarity (84 dichloromethane-methanol (organic), butanolic, methanolic, and aqueous), in which an interesting potential was observed for the organic extracts in comparison with the butanolic, methanolic, or aqueous extracts from all the studied samples, as well as a higher activity from brown algae extracts over those obtained from red algae. Based on this methodology, 22 organic and one butanolic extract were selected for their metabolic profiling by HPLC-DAD, the MCR-ALS methodology, and its analysis with multivariate statistical analysis tools. From this, five out of the 22 organic extracts, namely Dictyota sp. (DP12301), Stypopodium zonale (EP10501, EP10901, and EP11101), and Turbinaria tricostata (UP10201), were selected. The chemical study of these selected extracts was carried out by column chromatography and NMR spectra, guiding the study by monitoring the photoprotective activity with the in vitro methodology. For the organic extract of Dictyota sp. (DP12301), the most active fractions were D07 and D09, identifying in the first one, pheophytin a as the primary pigment and responsible for the observed activity. On the other hand, the chromatographic separation of the D09 fraction, selected for its activity and biomass availability, led to identifying fucoxanthin as the compound responsible for the observed activity. Additionally, the same chromatographic separation allowed the identification of the diterpene isolinearol, a chemical marker for the species, with which we contributed to identifying the studied sample as Canistrocarpus cervicornis. For Turbinaria tricostata extracts, seven fractions were identified with the highest sun protection factors. Their NMR profiles showed an important composition of pigments and fatty acids, identifying pheophytin a, pheophorbide a, and fucoxanthin as the compounds responsible for the observed activity. For the Stypopodium zonale (EP10901) extract, seven fractions with the most interesting sun protection factors were identified, in which fucoxanthin and pheophytin were again identified as compounds responsible for the photoprotective activity. Additionally, stypoldione, a previously reported meroterpenoid, and fucosterol were identified in active extracts. On the other hand, an HPLC-DPPH post-column derivatization method was implemented and standardized in the study of antioxidant activity. Precision and accuracy parameters confirmed that the antioxidant activity could be followed between an HPLC assay. From this, eight active peaks were identified in Stypopodium zonale organic extracts, showing that the activity could be related to fatty acids (as fucosterol), terpenoids (as stypoldione), and pigments (as fucoxanthin and pheophorbide a). In this way, this work represents one of the first reported methodologies for the exploration of photoprotective compounds in Caribbean algae species, integrating information from photoprotective activity (in vitro) and chemical diversity of extracts. In this case, results showed that the identified pigments from the selected algae species, within which fucoxanthin shows the highest activity, are interesting compounds for future applications in photoprotection, proving the potential of the Colombian phycological biodiversity as a source for the cosmetic industry.Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible que otorgó los permisos de colecta y para realizar esta investigación, avalados por medio del Contrato de Acceso a Recursos Genéticos No.121, otrosí No 7.Ministerio de Ciencias que financió el desarrollo del proyecto BalcarQ: Bioprospección y química de algas del Caribe (80740-739-2020) y que a través de su programa beca Jóvenes Investigadores brindaron los recursos necesarios para la ejecución de este proyecto.MaestríaMagíster en Ciencias - QuímicaProductos Naturalesxxvii, 208 páginasapplication/pdfspaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - QuímicaFacultad de CienciasBogotá, ColombiaUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá540 - Química y ciencias afines::543 - Química analítica540 - Química y ciencias afines::547 - Química orgánicaFactor de Protección SolarSun Protection FactorALGASAlgaeFotoprotecciónPerfilado metabólicoAlgas marinasFactores de protección solarActividad antioxidantePhotoprotectionMetabolic profilingAlgaeSun protection factorsAntioxidant activityCompuestos con posible actividad fotoprotectora a partir de extractos de macroalgas del caribe colombianoPromissory photoprotective extracts from Colombian Caribbean algaeTrabajo de grado - Maestríainfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionTexthttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMGrupo de estudios Económicos (Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio). 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Antioxidants. el 27 de mayo de 2021;10(6):859.BalcarQ: Bioprospección y química de algas del Caribe (80740-739-2020)Ministerio de Ciencia Tecnología e InnovaciónEstudiantesInvestigadoresMaestrosProveedores de ayuda financiera para estudiantesPúblico generalLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-85879https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/84241/1/license.txteb34b1cf90b7e1103fc9dfd26be24b4aMD51ORIGINAL1015447265_2023.pdf1015447265_2023.pdfTesis de Maestría en Ciencias Químicaapplication/pdf9853522https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/84241/2/1015447265_2023.pdfcbe492dd15982e3e3c8ab3b9b6a63d57MD52THUMBNAIL1015447265_2023.pdf.jpg1015447265_2023.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg5102https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/84241/3/1015447265_2023.pdf.jpg3e33a7097f49e372464819558e7bc078MD53unal/84241oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/842412023-08-10 23:03:50.768Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de 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