Evaluación de la liberación de ácaros Mesostigmata en el suelo para el control de Frankliniella occidentalis asociado al cultivo de rosa

ilustraciones, fotografías, tablas

Autores:
Valencia Polanco, Juan Carlos
Tipo de recurso:
Fecha de publicación:
2024
Institución:
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Repositorio:
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Idioma:
spa
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/86531
Acceso en línea:
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/86531
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::632 - Lesiones, enfermedades, plagas vegetales
Control biológico de plagas
Floricultura
biological pest control
floriculture
Control biológico
dietas
compatibilidad
agente de control biológico
trips
Biological control
diets
compatibility
biological control agent
thrips
Rights
openAccess
License
Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional
id UNACIONAL2_66de6744e457dff01e1d4b41bef40906
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/86531
network_acronym_str UNACIONAL2
network_name_str Universidad Nacional de Colombia
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Evaluación de la liberación de ácaros Mesostigmata en el suelo para el control de Frankliniella occidentalis asociado al cultivo de rosa
dc.title.translated.eng.fl_str_mv Evaluation of the release of Mesostigmata mites in the soil for the control of Frankliniella occidentalis associated with rose cultivation
title Evaluación de la liberación de ácaros Mesostigmata en el suelo para el control de Frankliniella occidentalis asociado al cultivo de rosa
spellingShingle Evaluación de la liberación de ácaros Mesostigmata en el suelo para el control de Frankliniella occidentalis asociado al cultivo de rosa
630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::632 - Lesiones, enfermedades, plagas vegetales
Control biológico de plagas
Floricultura
biological pest control
floriculture
Control biológico
dietas
compatibilidad
agente de control biológico
trips
Biological control
diets
compatibility
biological control agent
thrips
title_short Evaluación de la liberación de ácaros Mesostigmata en el suelo para el control de Frankliniella occidentalis asociado al cultivo de rosa
title_full Evaluación de la liberación de ácaros Mesostigmata en el suelo para el control de Frankliniella occidentalis asociado al cultivo de rosa
title_fullStr Evaluación de la liberación de ácaros Mesostigmata en el suelo para el control de Frankliniella occidentalis asociado al cultivo de rosa
title_full_unstemmed Evaluación de la liberación de ácaros Mesostigmata en el suelo para el control de Frankliniella occidentalis asociado al cultivo de rosa
title_sort Evaluación de la liberación de ácaros Mesostigmata en el suelo para el control de Frankliniella occidentalis asociado al cultivo de rosa
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Valencia Polanco, Juan Carlos
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Rueda Ramírez, Diana Marcela
Ramírez Godoy, Augusto
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Valencia Polanco, Juan Carlos
dc.contributor.researchgroup.spa.fl_str_mv Manejo integrado de Plagas
dc.contributor.orcid.spa.fl_str_mv Valencia Polanco, Juan Carlos [0000000287862871]
dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv 630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::632 - Lesiones, enfermedades, plagas vegetales
topic 630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::632 - Lesiones, enfermedades, plagas vegetales
Control biológico de plagas
Floricultura
biological pest control
floriculture
Control biológico
dietas
compatibilidad
agente de control biológico
trips
Biological control
diets
compatibility
biological control agent
thrips
dc.subject.agrovoc.spa.fl_str_mv Control biológico de plagas
Floricultura
dc.subject.agrovoc.eng.fl_str_mv biological pest control
floriculture
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv Control biológico
dietas
compatibilidad
agente de control biológico
trips
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv Biological control
diets
compatibility
biological control agent
thrips
description ilustraciones, fotografías, tablas
publishDate 2024
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2024-07-17T16:48:36Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2024-07-17T16:48:36Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2024
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Trabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/86531
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
url https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/86531
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
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dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia
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dc.publisher.branch.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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spelling Reconocimiento 4.0 InternacionalDerechos reservados al autor, 2024http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Rueda Ramírez, Diana Marcela2c4f5d09f79ad449ece89e5fa4c2b3cdRamírez Godoy, Augusto73c680e5d85c269dc8bf3c061fe30a3aValencia Polanco, Juan Carlos60ecf840700955ff9ec00d85f6ff85d0Manejo integrado de PlagasValencia Polanco, Juan Carlos [0000000287862871]2024-07-17T16:48:36Z2024-07-17T16:48:36Z2024https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/86531Universidad Nacional de ColombiaRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiahttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ilustraciones, fotografías, tablasDado el impacto y al difícil control del trip Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande, 1895) (Thysanoptera: Thiripidae) en la floricultura, su manejo integrado está bajo constante investigación e innovación para complementar el control que se ha venido realizado. En este sentido, el control biológico está tomando más fuerza en la actualidad. Si bien en la floricultura ya se manejan algunos agentes de control biológico ACB que regulan a la plaga en la parte aérea de la planta, últimamente se están evaluando especímenes que habitan en el suelo y pueden depredar o parasitar los estadios de pupa y prepupa de los trips. Además de conocer el grado de depredación o control de la plaga en laboratorio, a los ACB se les tienen que realizar una serie de pruebas para poder saber cuáles son las mejores herramientas para su cría masiva (evaluaciones de dietas y sustratos), evaluaciones de compatibilidades con otros organismos, y el estudio de la interacción entre la planta, la plaga y el controlador finalizando con una valoración del establecimiento en campo. Por tal motivo, el objetivo general de esta tesis fue avanzar en el conocimiento de la compatibilidad con otros agentes y de los métodos de producción, eficacia y permanencia de cada una de las tres especies (Gaeolaelaps aculeifer (Canestrini, 1984) (Laelapidae), Macrocheles robustulus (Berlese, 1904) (Macrochelidae) y Parasitus bituberosus Karg, 1972 (Parasitidae)) prometedoras para el control biológico de trips en fases edáficas. Para esto se evaluaron dietas (Los nematodos: Rhabditella axei (Cobbold) (Chitwood, 1933) (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) y Steinernema feltiae Filipjev, 1934 (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) y el ácaro astigmata Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Astigmatina: Acaridae)) y sustratos (Vermicultita (V), cascarilla de arroz (CA) y fibra de coco (FC)). También se hicieron pruebas de semicampo en los invernaderos de propagación vegetal de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Bogotá (4°38′08′′N 74°04′58′′O) evaluado el daño de F. occidentalis al liberar los tres ácaros Mesostigmata en plantas de fríjol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Finalmente se realizó una prueba de permanencia de los ácaros liberados en un cultivo de rosas en una finca ubicada en el municipio de Subachoque Cundinamarca (4°86′23′′N, -74°22′34′′O) trabajándose camas sembradas con la variedad Freedom. Los resultados demostraron que la mejor dieta fue R. axei con una oviposición diaria por hembra de: 2.4 ± 0.5; 3.3 ± 0.6 y 8.6 ± 0.4 para G. aculeifer, M. robustulus y P. bituberosus respectivamente. Por otra parte, para ningún ácaro se presentó una mortalidad mayor al 2% al aplicarse S. feltiae. En cuanto a los sustratos, para G. aculeifer todos los sustratos estimularon un aumento en su población, en cambio para M. robustulus V y CA obtuvieron las mejores poblaciones y para P. bituberosus V fue el único sustrato que genero una población considerable. Con respecto a los resultados del capítulo dos se presentó que el control positivo T0+ obtuvo una reducción en el número de hojas y en el área foliar, así como un mayor porcentaje de daño (9.4 ± 0.9) comparado con T0- y con los tratamientos en los que hubo liberación de ácaros. Después del control negativo, el tratamiento T3 con la liberación de P. bituberosus presentó los mejores resultados de trips/hoja (0.8 ± 0.6) y porcentaje de daño (2.5 ± 0.8). En cuanto a la permanencia de los ácaros, se encontró que al final del experimento todas las especies liberadas presentaban algunos individuos en el sustrato. Finalmente, para el capítulo tres los resultados mostraron que la finca presentaba dos grupos predominantes de ácaros Mesostigmata: Parasitidae (Parasitidae1 e individuos Pergamasus sp.). En cuanto a la permanencia se obtuvo que para las 3 y 4 sdl todas las tres especies de ácaros liberados lograron permanecer en los puntos de liberación (T1 = 10.7 ± 3.8; T2 = 9.1 ± 3.7; T3 = 15 ± 3) individuos/1000 cm3 y (8 ± 2.3) para G. aculeifer y (5 ± 2.2) para M. robustulus (individuos/1000 cm3) en el tratamiento de liberación combinada (T4) para 4sdl, con mejores resultados en los puntos hacia el centro de la cama (punto B). Se concluye que, se logró establecer una dieta y un sustrato para la cría masiva de los ácaros Mesostigmata y se pudo evaluar la permanencia y ver el efecto positivo en la reducción del daño producción por F. occidentalis al liberar los tres ACB. (Texto tomado de la fuente)Within the research of new possible biological control agents (BCA) that complement IPM, there is the evaluation of substrates for the development of massive offspring and the study of the interaction (compatibilities and diets) of the BCA with other organisms of its kind. ecosystem. In floriculture, although there are already some CBAs that have been used for some time, there are new CBA alternatives that have been evaluated, such as entomopathogenic nematodes and predatory Mesostigmata mites that live in the soil, for the control of western thrips of floers Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande, 1895) (Thysanoptera: Thiripidae). However, additional research is still needed for its use, such as the selection of mass breeding methods and compatibility studies. The objective of this research was to evaluate diets and substrates for the mass breeding of three Mesostigmata soil mites (Gaeolaelaps aculeifer (Canestrini,1984) (Laelapidae), Macrocheles robustulus (Berlese, 1904) (Macrochelidae) and Parasitus bituberosus Karg, 1972 (Parasitidae)) and compatibility with the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae Filipjev, 1934. For this, the following were evaluated for each of the three species of Mesostigmata: 1) three diets: the free-living nematode Rhabditella axei (Cobbold) (Chitwood, 1933) (Nematoda: Rhabditidae), the entomopathogenic nematode S. feltiae and the Astigmata mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Scrank) (Astigmatina: Acaridae); 2) mortality due to S. feltiae: and 3) the substrates: vermiculite (V), rice husk (RH) and coconut fiber (CF) for mass rearing using R. axei as diet. The results showed that the best diet was R. axei with a daily oviposition per female of: 2.4 ± 0.5; 3.3 ± 0.6 and 8.6 ± 0.4 for G. aculeifer, M. robustulus and P. bituberosus respectively. On the other hand, for no mite there was a mortality greater than 2% when S. feltiae was applied. Finally, for G. aculeifer all substrates stimulated an increase in its population and it was RH that generated the highest value (540 ± 391 individuals/breeding unit); However, for M. robustulus V and RH they obtained the best populations and RH was the highest (304 ± 70 individuals/breeding unit) and P. bituberosus V was the only substrate that generated a considerable population (122 ± 16 individuals/breeding unit). breeding unit). In conclusion, the results presented in this chapter select for each of the mites the most determining variables for better efficiency when carrying out mass breeding. Also, with the evaluations made, there is a greater understanding of the compatibility that exists with S. feltiae.MaestríaMagíster en Ciencias AgrariasEntomologíaxxi, 82 páginasapplication/pdfspaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotá - Ciencias Agrarias - Maestría en Ciencias AgrariasFacultad de Ciencias AgrariasBogotá, ColombiaUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::632 - Lesiones, enfermedades, plagas vegetalesControl biológico de plagasFloriculturabiological pest controlfloricultureControl biológicodietascompatibilidadagente de control biológicotripsBiological controldietscompatibilitybiological control agentthripsEvaluación de la liberación de ácaros Mesostigmata en el suelo para el control de Frankliniella occidentalis asociado al cultivo de rosaEvaluation of the release of Mesostigmata mites in the soil for the control of Frankliniella occidentalis associated with rose cultivationTrabajo de grado - Maestríainfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionTexthttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMAbbatiello. 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