Caracterización de microbiomas bacterianos presentes en suelos cacaoteros con alta y baja concentración de cadmio del municipio de Yacopí - Cundinamarca

ilustraciones, mapas

Autores:
Rios Guzmán, Wendy Lorena
Tipo de recurso:
Fecha de publicación:
2023
Institución:
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Repositorio:
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Idioma:
spa
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/84213
Acceso en línea:
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/84213
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
Microorganismos
Bacterias
Micro-organisms
Bacteria
Metal pesado
Cacao
Diversidad
Comunidad bacteriana
Metagenómica
Heavy metal
Cacao
Diversity
Bacterial community
Metagenomics
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openAccess
License
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
id UNACIONAL2_600bc999b6b0b130a666c4b3a2deb1bd
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/84213
network_acronym_str UNACIONAL2
network_name_str Universidad Nacional de Colombia
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Caracterización de microbiomas bacterianos presentes en suelos cacaoteros con alta y baja concentración de cadmio del municipio de Yacopí - Cundinamarca
dc.title.translated.eng.fl_str_mv Characterization of bacterial microbiomes present in cacao soils with high and low cadmium concentration in the municipality of Yacopí – Cundinamarca
title Caracterización de microbiomas bacterianos presentes en suelos cacaoteros con alta y baja concentración de cadmio del municipio de Yacopí - Cundinamarca
spellingShingle Caracterización de microbiomas bacterianos presentes en suelos cacaoteros con alta y baja concentración de cadmio del municipio de Yacopí - Cundinamarca
Microorganismos
Bacterias
Micro-organisms
Bacteria
Metal pesado
Cacao
Diversidad
Comunidad bacteriana
Metagenómica
Heavy metal
Cacao
Diversity
Bacterial community
Metagenomics
title_short Caracterización de microbiomas bacterianos presentes en suelos cacaoteros con alta y baja concentración de cadmio del municipio de Yacopí - Cundinamarca
title_full Caracterización de microbiomas bacterianos presentes en suelos cacaoteros con alta y baja concentración de cadmio del municipio de Yacopí - Cundinamarca
title_fullStr Caracterización de microbiomas bacterianos presentes en suelos cacaoteros con alta y baja concentración de cadmio del municipio de Yacopí - Cundinamarca
title_full_unstemmed Caracterización de microbiomas bacterianos presentes en suelos cacaoteros con alta y baja concentración de cadmio del municipio de Yacopí - Cundinamarca
title_sort Caracterización de microbiomas bacterianos presentes en suelos cacaoteros con alta y baja concentración de cadmio del municipio de Yacopí - Cundinamarca
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Rios Guzmán, Wendy Lorena
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Torres Rojas, Esperanza
Barreto Hernández, Emiliano
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Rios Guzmán, Wendy Lorena
dc.contributor.researchgroup.spa.fl_str_mv Agrobiodiversidad y Biotecnología
dc.subject.lemb.spa.fl_str_mv Microorganismos
Bacterias
topic Microorganismos
Bacterias
Micro-organisms
Bacteria
Metal pesado
Cacao
Diversidad
Comunidad bacteriana
Metagenómica
Heavy metal
Cacao
Diversity
Bacterial community
Metagenomics
dc.subject.lemb.eng.fl_str_mv Micro-organisms
Bacteria
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv Metal pesado
Cacao
Diversidad
Comunidad bacteriana
Metagenómica
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv Heavy metal
Cacao
Diversity
Bacterial community
Metagenomics
description ilustraciones, mapas
publishDate 2023
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2023-07-18T20:57:02Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2023-07-18T20:57:02Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2023-01
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Trabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/84213
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
url https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/84213
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
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dc.coverage.region.none.fl_str_mv Yacopí
Cundinamarca
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia
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dc.publisher.faculty.spa.fl_str_mv Facultad de Ciencias
dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv Bogotá,Colombia
dc.publisher.branch.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
institution Universidad Nacional de Colombia
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spelling Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Torres Rojas, Esperanzadab829cf50bdc7b183de0183f2ebe854Barreto Hernández, Emilianob7a2cae2c08b5d6a549e173576c6c82dRios Guzmán, Wendy Lorenac48610e884d9285a965bd5de0ae920bdAgrobiodiversidad y Biotecnología2023-07-18T20:57:02Z2023-07-18T20:57:02Z2023-01https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/84213Universidad Nacional de ColombiaRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiahttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ilustraciones, mapasEl cadmio (Cd) es un metal pesado altamente tóxico presente en el suelo que puede alterar la comunidad microbiana y las plantas que habitan en él. En América Latina, se han reportado altas concentraciones de este elemento en los suelos y granos de cacao, lo que representa una gran preocupación debido al impacto potencial en la salud humana, la seguridad alimentaria y la economía del cacao. Entre las estrategias para mitigar la absorción de Cd por parte de la planta se encuentra el uso de bacterias nativas tolerantes al Cd. Sin embargo, se desconoce el efecto que pueda causar el Cd en los microbiomas bacterianos. Con el objetivo de estudiar el efecto del Cd en la estructura y función de las comunidades bacterianas presentes en los suelos cacaoteros, se muestrearon tres fincas productoras de cacao en el municipio de Yacopí-Cundinamarca (F1, F2 y F3). En cada finca, se seleccionaron dos lotes de muestreo, uno con cultivo de cacao (SCC) y otro sin cultivo de cacao (SWC). En cada lote, se seleccionaron tres puntos de muestreo y para cada punto se recolectó suelo rizosférico (RZ, solo para SCC, y suelo a dos profundidades diferentes (D1: 0-30 cm; D2: 31-100 cm). En total se recolectaron 36 muestras de suelo, de las cuales 24 correspondieron a SCC y 12 a SWC. Todas las muestras se sometieron a análisis fisicoquímicos (textura, pH, Cd total, Cd disponible, Ca, Mg, K, CICE, P, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, CO). Las concentraciones de Cd total y disponible variaron entre lotes, fincas y nivel de profundidad. Se encontró una concentración significativamente más alta de Cd total en las muestras de suelo RZ, y los niveles promedio de Cd en las fincas fueron: F1 > F3 > F2. La extracción del ADN comunitario se realizó con el kit DNeasy® PowerSoil®; la amplificación y secuenciación de la hipervariable 4 del gen 16S RNAr se realizó mediante PCR de punto final y la plataforma Illumina MiSeq respectivamente. Las curvas de rarefacción indicaron que la mayoría de las muestras fueron secuenciadas con suficiente profundidad y los índices de diversidad alfa evaluados (Chao1, Shannon y Gini-Simpson) reflejaron comunidades altamente diversas con valores promedio de 973, 5.9 y 0.98 respectivamente. El Análisis de Componentes Principales (PCoA) basado en la métrica Unifrac ponderado reveló que las comunidades de F1 son significativamente diferentes a F2 y F3, y hay mayor similitud entre F2 y F3. A nivel taxonómico se identificaron 39 filos bacterianos, donde los más abundantes correspondieron a: Proteobacteria (36,5%), Acidobacteria (15,0%), Firmicutes (9,8%), Planctomycetes (8,6%), Verrucomicrobia (6,0), Chloroflexi (6,0%) y Nitrospirae (5,1%). A nivel de género se identificaron 122, entre los que se destacaron Bradyrhizobium (13,0%), Bacillus (8,8%), DA101 (4,5%), Nitrososphaera (1,8%) y Nitrospira (1,2%), algunos de los cuales se han relacionado con procesos de tolerancia a Cd. Por otra parte, las vías funcionales identificadas con mayor abundancia relativa estaban involucradas con la tolerancia al Cd. Esta investigación proporciona información valiosa sobre la comunidad bacteriana presente en el cultivo del cacao y su posible papel en la bioacumulación de Cd presente en el suelo. (Texto tomado de la fuente)Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic heavy metal present in soil that can alter the microbial community and the plants that inhabit it. In Latin America, high concentrations of this element have been reported in cacao soils and beans, which is of great concern due to the potential impact on human health, food safety and the cocoa economy. Strategies to mitigate Cd uptake by the plant include the use of native Cd-tolerant bacteria. However, the effect of Cd on bacterial microbiomes is unknown. In order to study the effect of Cd on the structure and function of bacterial communities present in cocoa soils, three cocoa farms in the municipality of Yacopí-Cundinamarca (F1, F2 and F3) were sampled. On each farm, two sampling plots were selected, one with cocoa cultivation (SCC) and one without cocoa cultivation (SWC). In each lot, three sampling points were selected and for each point rhizospheric soil (RZ, only for SCC, and soil at two different depths (D1: 0-30 cm; D2: 31-100 cm) were collected. A total of 36 soil samples were collected, of which 24 corresponded to SCC and 12 to SWC. All samples were subjected to physicochemical analysis (texture, pH, total Cd, available Cd, Ca, Mg, K, ECEC, P, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, CO). Total and available Cd concentrations varied among plots, farms and depth level. A significantly higher concentration of total Cd was found in the RZ soil samples, and the average Cd levels in the farms were: F1 > F3 > F2. Community DNA extraction was performed using the DNeasy® PowerSoil® kit; amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene hypervariable 4 was performed using endpoint PCR and the Illumina MiSeq platform respectively. Rarefaction curves indicated that most samples were sequenced with sufficient depth and the alpha diversity indices evaluated (Chao1, Shannon and Gini-Simpson) reflected highly diverse communities with mean values of 973, 5.9, and 0.98 respectively. Principal Component Analysis (PCoA) based on the weighted Unifrac metric revealed that F1 communities are significantly different from F2 and F3, and there is greater similarity between F2 and F3. At the taxonomic level, 39 bacterial phyla were identified, where the most abundant corresponded to: Proteobacteria (36.5%), Acidobacteria (15.0%), Firmicutes (9.8%), Planctomycetes (8.6%), Verrucomicrobia (6.0), Chloroflexi (6.0%) and Nitrospirae (5.1%). At the genus level, 122 were identified, among which Bradyrhizobium (13.0%), Bacillus (8.8%), DA101 (4.5%), Nitrososphaera (1.8%) and Nitrospira (1.2%), some of which have been related to Cd tolerance processes. On the other hand, the functional pathways identified with higher relative abundance were involved with Cd tolerance. 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Applied and environmental microbiology, 72(7), 5069-5072.MicroorganismosBacteriasMicro-organismsBacteriaMetal pesadoCacaoDiversidadComunidad bacterianaMetagenómicaHeavy metalCacaoDiversityBacterial communityMetagenomicsDivisión de Investigación de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Proyecto Hermes: 42156)Público generalLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-85879https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/84213/1/license.txteb34b1cf90b7e1103fc9dfd26be24b4aMD51ORIGINAL1098724504.2023.pdf1098724504.2023.pdfTesis de Maestría en Ciencias - Microbiologíaapplication/pdf3193285https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/84213/2/1098724504.2023.pdf658543bbb819622efe5d7e86a6078e4eMD52THUMBNAIL1098724504.2023.pdf.jpg1098724504.2023.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg4920https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/84213/3/1098724504.2023.pdf.jpg91e076e55a81bb818c7b14ddf982daabMD53unal/84213oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/842132023-08-12 23:04:18.857Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiarepositorio_nal@unal.edu.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