Adecuación de un protocolo de auditoría de redes Wi-Fi 802.11n/ac para campus universitarios aplicado a la red inalámbrica de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia

The purpose of this work is to present a Wi-Fi network audit protocol that allows the user to execute a list of measurements and obtain a view of the quality of communication in the wireless network. A documentary review was carried out and then contrasted with the results taken in the testing scena...

Full description

Autores:
Camacho Garcés, Edwin Franklin
Tipo de recurso:
Work document
Fecha de publicación:
2020
Institución:
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Repositorio:
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Idioma:
spa
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/77550
Acceso en línea:
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/77550
Palabra clave:
Wi-Fi
Protocol
Audit
Throughput
Wi-Fi
Protocolo
Auditoría
Throughput
Rights
openAccess
License
Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional
id UNACIONAL2_5bca4b2a6a8efc9013895072d5574666
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/77550
network_acronym_str UNACIONAL2
network_name_str Universidad Nacional de Colombia
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Adecuación de un protocolo de auditoría de redes Wi-Fi 802.11n/ac para campus universitarios aplicado a la red inalámbrica de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia
title Adecuación de un protocolo de auditoría de redes Wi-Fi 802.11n/ac para campus universitarios aplicado a la red inalámbrica de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia
spellingShingle Adecuación de un protocolo de auditoría de redes Wi-Fi 802.11n/ac para campus universitarios aplicado a la red inalámbrica de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Wi-Fi
Protocol
Audit
Throughput
Wi-Fi
Protocolo
Auditoría
Throughput
title_short Adecuación de un protocolo de auditoría de redes Wi-Fi 802.11n/ac para campus universitarios aplicado a la red inalámbrica de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia
title_full Adecuación de un protocolo de auditoría de redes Wi-Fi 802.11n/ac para campus universitarios aplicado a la red inalámbrica de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia
title_fullStr Adecuación de un protocolo de auditoría de redes Wi-Fi 802.11n/ac para campus universitarios aplicado a la red inalámbrica de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia
title_full_unstemmed Adecuación de un protocolo de auditoría de redes Wi-Fi 802.11n/ac para campus universitarios aplicado a la red inalámbrica de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia
title_sort Adecuación de un protocolo de auditoría de redes Wi-Fi 802.11n/ac para campus universitarios aplicado a la red inalámbrica de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Camacho Garcés, Edwin Franklin
dc.contributor.advisor.spa.fl_str_mv Tovar, Jesús Guillermo
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv Camacho Garcés, Edwin Franklin
dc.contributor.researchgroup.spa.fl_str_mv UNeT
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv Wi-Fi
Protocol
Audit
Throughput
topic Wi-Fi
Protocol
Audit
Throughput
Wi-Fi
Protocolo
Auditoría
Throughput
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv Wi-Fi
Protocolo
Auditoría
Throughput
description The purpose of this work is to present a Wi-Fi network audit protocol that allows the user to execute a list of measurements and obtain a view of the quality of communication in the wireless network. A documentary review was carried out and then contrasted with the results taken in the testing scenario in the School of Engineering of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL). This allowed establishing the list of activities and data to be recommended to perform the wireless network audit. Once the tests were defined, an audit of the Wi-Fi network of the School of Engineering of the UNAL was carried out in 53 measurements in the same number of points, distributed in buildings 401, 453 and 454. As main results of the audit, it was found that in the mentioned buildings, the 2.4 GHz band has high levels of interference, much more than the 5 GHz band. The UNAL statically uses channels 1, 6 and 11 of the 2.4 GHz band to radiate ESSIDsLikewise, in the 5 GHz band they use around 13 different channels. Given the above, connectivity tests through the ICMP protocol and throughput tests to the internet have better results in connections over the 5 GHz band.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.accessioned.spa.fl_str_mv 2020-05-26T16:18:19Z
dc.date.available.spa.fl_str_mv 2020-05-26T16:18:19Z
dc.date.issued.spa.fl_str_mv 2020-05-22
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Documento de trabajo
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_8042
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/WP
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_8042
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/77550
url https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/77550
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv Achatz, R. J., & Quincy, E. A. (1995). PERFORMANCE PREDICTION OF WLAN SPEECH AND IMAGE TRANSMISSION. 1995 IEEE 45th Vehicular Technology Conference. Countdown to the Wireless Twenty-First Century, 2, 559–563.
Andjamba, T. S., Zodi, G.-A. L., & Jat, D. S. (2017). Interference analysis of IEEE 802.11 wireless networks: A case study of Namibia University of Science and Technology. Proceedings of 2016 International Conference on ICT in Business, Industry, and Government, ICTBIG 2016, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTBIG.2016.7892726
Bianchi, G., Fsatta, L., & Oliveri, M. (1996). Performance Evaluation and Enhancement of the CSMA/CA MAC Protocol for 802.11 Wireless LANs. Proceedings of PIMRC ’96 - 7th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Communications. https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.1996.567423
Casemore, B., & Mahowald, R. (2015). No se quede atrás No se quede atrás
Cisco Systems Inc. (2018). White paper Cisco public. Retrieved from https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/executive-perspectives/annual-internet-report/white-paper-c11-741490.html
CTIA - The Wireless Association, & Wi-Fi Alliance. (2016). Test Plan for RF Performance Evaluation of Wi-Fi Mobile Converged Devices, 2.0.3. Retrieved from http://www.ctia.org/docs/default-source/certification/cwg_test_plan_ver2-0-3.pdf?sfvrsn=2
David Mitchell Smith. (2016). Cloud Computing Primer for 2016. https://doi.org/G00302704
Fei, L., Yuan, D., Tang, B., Liu, Y., & Hu, H. (2012). Technique for network performance measurement based on RFC 2544. Proceedings - 4th International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks, CICN 2012, 200–204. https://doi.org/10.1109/CICN.2012.193
Florwick, J., Whiteaker, J., Amrod, A., & Woodhams, J. (2017). Wireless LAN design guide for high density client environments in higher education. User Guide, 1–41. Retrieved from http://www.ict-partner.net/en/US/prod/collateral/wireless/ps5678/ps10981/design_guide_c07-693245.pdf
Google. (n.d.). OnHub – Google. Retrieved from https://on.google.com/hub/Infoempleo-Adecco. (2015). Redes Sociales y Mercado de Trabajo 2014. Retrieved from http://www.adecco.es/%7B_%7Ddata/NotasPrensa/pdf/642.pdf
ITU-T. (2002). M.2110 (07/2002)
Lukaszewski, C. (2015). VALIDATED REFERENCE DESIGN VERY HIGH-DENSITY 802.11ac NETWORKS
Menezes, B., Canales, C., Zimmerman, T., & Toussaint, M. (2018). Magic Quadrant for the Wired and Wireless LAN Access Infrastructure. https://doi.org/G00345275
MINTIC. (2020). Boletín trimestral de las TIC. Retrieved from https://colombiatic.mintic.gov.co/679/articles-125648_archivo_pdf.pdf
Narayan, S., Jayawardena, C., Wang, J., Ma, W., & Geetu, G. (2015). Performance test of IEEE 802.11ac wireless devices. 2015 International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics, ICCCI 2015, 3–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCI.2015.7218076
Nick Jones. (n.d.). Top 10 Mobile Technologies and Capabilities for 2015 and 2016. https://doi.org/G00260239
Nicopolitidis, P., Papadimitriou, G. I. R., & Pomportsis, A. S. (2001). Design alternatives for wireless local area networks. International Journal of Communication Systems, (September 2000), 1–42
Ophir, L., Bitran, Y., & Sherman, I. (2004). Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11) and Bluetooth coexistence: issues and solutions. 2004 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8754), 2, 847–852. https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2004.1373819
Patel, A., Ghaghda, S., & Nagecha, P. (2014). Model for security in wired and wireless network for education. Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom), 2014 International Conference On, 699–704. https://doi.org/10.1109/IndiaCom.2014.6828051
Plummer, D. C., Baker, V. L., Austin, T., Smulders, C., Tully, I., Valdes, R., … Poitevin, H. (2015). Top Strategic Predictions for 2016 and Beyond: The Future Is a Digital Thing. https://doi.org/G00291252
Ruckus. (2017). AP Deployment Guide Best Practices Design Guide
Rueda, P. D. V., Jiménez, E., Martínez, S., Moreno, M., D., J. M., & Rubio, L. T. (2017). UNAL. Retrieved from www.unal.edu.co
S. Bradner (Harvard University). (1991). RFC 1242 - Benchmarking Terminology for Network Interconnection Devices. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, 53(July), 1689–1699. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004
Salomoni, P. (University of B., & Roccetti, M. (University of B. (2003). The design and performance of a wireless Internet application for supporting multimedia city guides. International Conference on Information Technology: Research and Education, 2003. Proceedings. ITRE2003., 321–325. https://doi.org/10.1109/ITRE.2003.1270630
Scott, B. (Harvard U., & McQuaid, J. (NetScout S. (1999). Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect Devices RFC 2544, 31. https://doi.org/10.17487/RFC2544
Telecomunication Standardization Sector Of ITU-T. (2016). Recommendation ITU-T Y.1564
Valero Ortega, N. (Deloitte). (2015). Encuesta Global de Consumidores Móviles 2015 - Edición Colombia, 1–34
Yaakub, C. Y., & Sulaiman, N. (2009). An investigation on a real time system over WiFi in educational environment. NPC 2009 - 6th International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing, 161–166. https://doi.org/10.1109/NPC.2009.38
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv Derechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.license.spa.fl_str_mv Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.spa.spa.fl_str_mv Acceso abierto
dc.rights.uri.spa.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional
Derechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Acceso abierto
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv 207
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv Bogotá - Ingeniería - Maestría en Ingeniería - Telecomunicaciones
dc.publisher.branch.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
institution Universidad Nacional de Colombia
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/77550/2/license.txt
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/77550/3/license_rdf
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/77550/1/80933009.2020.pdf
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/77550/4/80933009.2020.pdf.jpg
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 6f3f13b02594d02ad110b3ad534cd5df
42fd4ad1e89814f5e4a476b409eb708c
bc2f05cdc99280583b3e5aa66cd9512b
faa6c874c42f669ddd9c982deeba6f35
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
repository.mail.fl_str_mv repositorio_nal@unal.edu.co
_version_ 1814090176399409152
spelling Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 InternacionalDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de ColombiaAcceso abiertohttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Tovar, Jesús Guillermoe7704f36-8676-4bc0-a4d4-c6a55c3d5db7-1Camacho Garcés, Edwin Franklin9b41feda-ee01-4d4b-a10f-8f9a7dd55829UNeT2020-05-26T16:18:19Z2020-05-26T16:18:19Z2020-05-22https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/77550The purpose of this work is to present a Wi-Fi network audit protocol that allows the user to execute a list of measurements and obtain a view of the quality of communication in the wireless network. A documentary review was carried out and then contrasted with the results taken in the testing scenario in the School of Engineering of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL). This allowed establishing the list of activities and data to be recommended to perform the wireless network audit. Once the tests were defined, an audit of the Wi-Fi network of the School of Engineering of the UNAL was carried out in 53 measurements in the same number of points, distributed in buildings 401, 453 and 454. As main results of the audit, it was found that in the mentioned buildings, the 2.4 GHz band has high levels of interference, much more than the 5 GHz band. The UNAL statically uses channels 1, 6 and 11 of the 2.4 GHz band to radiate ESSIDsLikewise, in the 5 GHz band they use around 13 different channels. Given the above, connectivity tests through the ICMP protocol and throughput tests to the internet have better results in connections over the 5 GHz band.El presente trabajo tiene por objeto final presentar un protocolo de auditoría de redes WiFi, que permita al usuario ejecutar una lista de mediciones y obtener una visión de la calidad de la comunicación en la red inalámbrica. Se realizó una revisión documental, que luego se contrastó con los resultados tomados en el escenario de pruebas en la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL). Esto permitió establecer la lista de actividades y datos a tomar recomendados para ejecutar la auditoría de la red inalámbrica. Una vez que se definieron las pruebas, se procedió a ejecutar una auditoría de la red WiFi de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la UNAL, llevando a cabo 53 mediciones en igual número de puntos, distribuidos en los edificios 401, 453 y 454. Como principales resultados de la auditoría, se encontró que en los edificios mencionados la banda de 2,4 GHz presenta altos niveles de interferencia, mucho más que la banda de 5 GHz. La UNAL usa de forma estática los canales 1, 6 y 11 de la banda de 2,4 GHz para irradiar los ESSID. Así mismo, en la banda de 5 GHz se usan alrededor de 13 canales diferentes. Dado lo anterior, las pruebas de conectividad a través del protocolo ICMP y las pruebas de throughput hacia internet presentan mejores resultados en las conexiones sobre la banda de 5 GHzMaestría207application/pdfspaAdecuación de un protocolo de auditoría de redes Wi-Fi 802.11n/ac para campus universitarios aplicado a la red inalámbrica de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de ColombiaDocumento de trabajoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaperinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_8042Texthttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/WPBogotá - Ingeniería - Maestría en Ingeniería - TelecomunicacionesUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede BogotáAchatz, R. J., & Quincy, E. A. (1995). PERFORMANCE PREDICTION OF WLAN SPEECH AND IMAGE TRANSMISSION. 1995 IEEE 45th Vehicular Technology Conference. Countdown to the Wireless Twenty-First Century, 2, 559–563.Andjamba, T. S., Zodi, G.-A. L., & Jat, D. S. (2017). Interference analysis of IEEE 802.11 wireless networks: A case study of Namibia University of Science and Technology. Proceedings of 2016 International Conference on ICT in Business, Industry, and Government, ICTBIG 2016, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTBIG.2016.7892726Bianchi, G., Fsatta, L., & Oliveri, M. (1996). Performance Evaluation and Enhancement of the CSMA/CA MAC Protocol for 802.11 Wireless LANs. Proceedings of PIMRC ’96 - 7th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Communications. https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.1996.567423Casemore, B., & Mahowald, R. (2015). No se quede atrás No se quede atrásCisco Systems Inc. (2018). White paper Cisco public. Retrieved from https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/executive-perspectives/annual-internet-report/white-paper-c11-741490.htmlCTIA - The Wireless Association, & Wi-Fi Alliance. (2016). Test Plan for RF Performance Evaluation of Wi-Fi Mobile Converged Devices, 2.0.3. Retrieved from http://www.ctia.org/docs/default-source/certification/cwg_test_plan_ver2-0-3.pdf?sfvrsn=2David Mitchell Smith. (2016). Cloud Computing Primer for 2016. https://doi.org/G00302704Fei, L., Yuan, D., Tang, B., Liu, Y., & Hu, H. (2012). Technique for network performance measurement based on RFC 2544. Proceedings - 4th International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks, CICN 2012, 200–204. https://doi.org/10.1109/CICN.2012.193Florwick, J., Whiteaker, J., Amrod, A., & Woodhams, J. (2017). Wireless LAN design guide for high density client environments in higher education. User Guide, 1–41. Retrieved from http://www.ict-partner.net/en/US/prod/collateral/wireless/ps5678/ps10981/design_guide_c07-693245.pdfGoogle. (n.d.). OnHub – Google. Retrieved from https://on.google.com/hub/Infoempleo-Adecco. (2015). Redes Sociales y Mercado de Trabajo 2014. Retrieved from http://www.adecco.es/%7B_%7Ddata/NotasPrensa/pdf/642.pdfITU-T. (2002). M.2110 (07/2002)Lukaszewski, C. (2015). VALIDATED REFERENCE DESIGN VERY HIGH-DENSITY 802.11ac NETWORKSMenezes, B., Canales, C., Zimmerman, T., & Toussaint, M. (2018). Magic Quadrant for the Wired and Wireless LAN Access Infrastructure. https://doi.org/G00345275MINTIC. (2020). Boletín trimestral de las TIC. Retrieved from https://colombiatic.mintic.gov.co/679/articles-125648_archivo_pdf.pdfNarayan, S., Jayawardena, C., Wang, J., Ma, W., & Geetu, G. (2015). Performance test of IEEE 802.11ac wireless devices. 2015 International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics, ICCCI 2015, 3–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCI.2015.7218076Nick Jones. (n.d.). Top 10 Mobile Technologies and Capabilities for 2015 and 2016. https://doi.org/G00260239Nicopolitidis, P., Papadimitriou, G. I. R., & Pomportsis, A. S. (2001). Design alternatives for wireless local area networks. International Journal of Communication Systems, (September 2000), 1–42Ophir, L., Bitran, Y., & Sherman, I. (2004). Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11) and Bluetooth coexistence: issues and solutions. 2004 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8754), 2, 847–852. https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2004.1373819Patel, A., Ghaghda, S., & Nagecha, P. (2014). Model for security in wired and wireless network for education. Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom), 2014 International Conference On, 699–704. https://doi.org/10.1109/IndiaCom.2014.6828051Plummer, D. C., Baker, V. L., Austin, T., Smulders, C., Tully, I., Valdes, R., … Poitevin, H. (2015). Top Strategic Predictions for 2016 and Beyond: The Future Is a Digital Thing. https://doi.org/G00291252Ruckus. (2017). AP Deployment Guide Best Practices Design GuideRueda, P. D. V., Jiménez, E., Martínez, S., Moreno, M., D., J. M., & Rubio, L. T. (2017). UNAL. Retrieved from www.unal.edu.coS. Bradner (Harvard University). (1991). RFC 1242 - Benchmarking Terminology for Network Interconnection Devices. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, 53(July), 1689–1699. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004Salomoni, P. (University of B., & Roccetti, M. (University of B. (2003). The design and performance of a wireless Internet application for supporting multimedia city guides. International Conference on Information Technology: Research and Education, 2003. Proceedings. ITRE2003., 321–325. https://doi.org/10.1109/ITRE.2003.1270630Scott, B. (Harvard U., & McQuaid, J. (NetScout S. (1999). Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect Devices RFC 2544, 31. https://doi.org/10.17487/RFC2544Telecomunication Standardization Sector Of ITU-T. (2016). Recommendation ITU-T Y.1564Valero Ortega, N. (Deloitte). (2015). Encuesta Global de Consumidores Móviles 2015 - Edición Colombia, 1–34Yaakub, C. Y., & Sulaiman, N. (2009). An investigation on a real time system over WiFi in educational environment. NPC 2009 - 6th International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing, 161–166. https://doi.org/10.1109/NPC.2009.38Wi-FiProtocolAuditThroughputWi-FiProtocoloAuditoríaThroughputLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-83991https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/77550/2/license.txt6f3f13b02594d02ad110b3ad534cd5dfMD52CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8701https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/77550/3/license_rdf42fd4ad1e89814f5e4a476b409eb708cMD53ORIGINAL80933009.2020.pdf80933009.2020.pdfapplication/pdf9901931https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/77550/1/80933009.2020.pdfbc2f05cdc99280583b3e5aa66cd9512bMD51THUMBNAIL80933009.2020.pdf.jpg80933009.2020.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg6061https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/77550/4/80933009.2020.pdf.jpgfaa6c874c42f669ddd9c982deeba6f35MD54unal/77550oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/775502023-07-11 23:04:12.685Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiarepositorio_nal@unal.edu.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