Modelo cinético para la obtención de polimorfos de ye’elimita, C_4 A_3 S ̅

ilustraciones, diagramas

Autores:: Berrío Solarte, Ariel

Tipo de recurso:: Doctoral thesis

Fecha de publicación:: 2023

Institución:: Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Repositorio:: Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Idioma:: spa

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repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv	Modelo cinético para la obtención de polimorfos de ye’elimita, C_4 A_3 S ̅
dc.title.translated.eng.fl_str_mv	Kinetic model for obtaining ye'elimite polymorphs, C_4 A_3 S ̅
title	Modelo cinético para la obtención de polimorfos de ye’elimita, C_4 A_3 S ̅
spellingShingle	Modelo cinético para la obtención de polimorfos de ye’elimita, C_4 A_3 S ̅ 620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines 690 - Construcción de edificios::691 - Materiales de construcción Cemento Materiales de construcción Cement Building materials Cemento CSA ye’elimita Polimorfos Cúbico Ortorrómbico Cinética CSA cement yeʹelimite Polymorphs Cubic Orthorhombic Kinetics
title_short	Modelo cinético para la obtención de polimorfos de ye’elimita, C_4 A_3 S ̅
title_full	Modelo cinético para la obtención de polimorfos de ye’elimita, C_4 A_3 S ̅
title_fullStr	Modelo cinético para la obtención de polimorfos de ye’elimita, C_4 A_3 S ̅
title_full_unstemmed	Modelo cinético para la obtención de polimorfos de ye’elimita, C_4 A_3 S ̅
title_sort	Modelo cinético para la obtención de polimorfos de ye’elimita, C_4 A_3 S ̅
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Berrío Solarte, Ariel
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv	Tobón, Jorge Iván
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Berrío Solarte, Ariel
dc.contributor.researchgroup.spa.fl_str_mv	Grupo del Cemento y Materiales de Construcción
dc.contributor.orcid.spa.fl_str_mv	Berrío Solarte, Ariel [0009-0001-1879-5775] Tobón, Jorge Iván [0000-0002-1451-1309]
dc.contributor.researchgate.spa.fl_str_mv	https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ariel-Berrio-2
dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv	620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines 690 - Construcción de edificios::691 - Materiales de construcción
topic	620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines 690 - Construcción de edificios::691 - Materiales de construcción Cemento Materiales de construcción Cement Building materials Cemento CSA ye’elimita Polimorfos Cúbico Ortorrómbico Cinética CSA cement yeʹelimite Polymorphs Cubic Orthorhombic Kinetics
dc.subject.lemb.spa.fl_str_mv	Cemento Materiales de construcción
dc.subject.lemb.eng.fl_str_mv	Cement Building materials
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv	Cemento CSA ye’elimita Polimorfos Cúbico Ortorrómbico Cinética
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv	CSA cement yeʹelimite Polymorphs Cubic Orthorhombic Kinetics
description	ilustraciones, diagramas
publishDate	2023
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2023-06-26T13:59:22Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2023-06-26T13:59:22Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2023-06-21
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv	Trabajo de grado - Doctorado
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv	Text
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TD
format	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
status_str	acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/84063
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv	Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv	Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv	https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
url	https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/84063 https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv	Universidad Nacional de Colombia Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv	spa
language	spa
dc.relation.indexed.spa.fl_str_mv	RedCol LaReferencia
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spelling	Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Tobón, Jorge Ivánbfb9bdf72e2b2fed1fb614b88d646838Berrío Solarte, Ariel35251955296678d86919398dd4ed407eGrupo del Cemento y Materiales de ConstrucciónBerrío Solarte, Ariel [0009-0001-1879-5775]Tobón, Jorge Iván [0000-0002-1451-1309]https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ariel-Berrio-22023-06-26T13:59:22Z2023-06-26T13:59:22Z2023-06-21https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/84063Universidad Nacional de ColombiaRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiahttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ilustraciones, diagramasEn el mundo de los materiales de la construcción cada vez crece más la demanda de productos que puedan ofrecer ventajas no solo desde el punto de vista constructivo sino desde el punto de vista ambiental. En el caso particular del cemento, se busca que los productos basados en este material sean más amigables con el medio ambiente, esto es, que generen menores emisiones de CO2 y que posean un menor consumo energético. Además, dado que se requiere mantener un alto desempeño de los materiales, alta resistencia física y química, así como durabilidad bajo condiciones extremas, la exigencia sobre estos materiales cementantes seguirá incrementándose cada vez más desde las diferentes aristas de la sostenibilidad. Sobre el cemento Portland ordinario existe un amplio campo de estudios tecnológicos bastante desarrollados que abarcan desde las materias primas hasta su uso y sus aplicaciones industriales, estos estudios han permitido tener claridad en los beneficios y retos de este material. Entre ellos están los relacionados con su alto consumo per-cápita, sus características de endurecimiento y el uso del material en el desarrollo de la compleja infraestructura de la que hoy se beneficia la humanidad. Muchos investigadores y empresas han concentrado sus esfuerzos y recursos en identificar materiales alternativos al cemento Portland tradicional, buscando maximizar alguna característica particular del cemento y/o buscando mayores eficiencias económicas, sociales o ambientales. Un ejemplo de dichos materiales alternativos son los llamados Cementos de Tercera Generación entre los que se destaca el cemento base sulfoaluminato cálcico (CSA, por sus siglas en inglés), con sus variaciones. En los últimos 15 años, y particularmente en 2018, se evidencia un incremento en las publicaciones científicas asociadas a este tipo de cemento de acuerdo con varias bases de datos disponibles, Science Direct, Scopus, entre otras, donde se exploran las diferentes características y propiedades de desempeño del cemento, así como también se observan aspectos por solucionar de la química del material, interacciones con aditivos y durabilidad. A partir de estas características se genera una amplia discusión sobre los retos técnicos del cemento CSA, lo cual permite ampliar el conocimiento de la comunidad sobre el mismo, así como la materialización de su producción y el aprovechamiento de sus características de desempeño para cubrir las necesidades de infraestructura que requieren los países. Actualmente se sigue profundizando cada vez más en varios aspectos relevantes del cemento CSA, como los relacionados con su producción eficiente, usando materias primas alternativas; mejorando su desempeño mecánico, la regulación del proceso de hidratación del cemento CSA, identificación de los productos de la hidratación, mezclas con otros materiales cementantes, entre otros. Uno de los campos de estudio relacionados con el cemento CSA está enfocado a la síntesis del clinker CSA, en la cual, se identifican oportunidades de mejora al reducir la energía requerida para la combinación de los óxidos de calcio, aluminio y azufre necesarios para la formación de sulfoaluminato cálcico en sus diferentes formas cristalinas (polimorfos), oportunidades en la optimización de las reacciones en estado sólido usando temperaturas relativamente más bajas que las del cemento Portland (entre 1000 °C y 1300 °C). La determinación de la velocidad de reacción en función del grado de conversión, es decir, la identificación de la fuerza impulsora, o potencial energético, que gobierna la cinética de reacción necesaria para que las moléculas participantes de la rección de formación del clinker CSA se combinen para formar los compuestos de ye’elimita con unas estructuras cristalinas deseadas, alcanzando la estabilización de las fases, en unas proporciones particulares de dichas estructuras, permitirán aportar en el entendimiento del comportamiento mecánico del cemento CSA producido, que contiene los polimorfos de ye’elimita. En este caso, el estudio sobre la formación de las diferentes fases cristalinas del cemento CSA, la ye’elimita y sus polimorfos cúbico y ortorrómbico, y particularmente la velocidad a la que cada uno de ellos se forma durante el proceso de sinterización, esto es, los aspectos cinéticos y termodinámicos, representan el mayor interés de esta investigación, en la que los modelos de reacción de los compuestos fundamentales y mayoritarios en un cemento CSA mencionados (ye’elimita, en sus formas cristalinas cúbica y ortorrómbica), son base fundamental para entender posteriormente la capacidad que tendrá el material (cemento CSA) para hidratarse y endurecer y ofrecer mejoras en los proceso productivo y de uso en los procesos de construcción. Como se mencionó, el tema planteado en esta investigación sobre la cinética de formación de la ye’elimita, como fase principal, mayoritaria y característica de los cementos CSA es fundamental para entender y controlar la formación de las fases polimórficas del cemento CSA. La velocidad de hidratación de cada uno de los polimorfos de ye’elimita descritos como los mayoritariamente presentes en el cemento CSA tiene una incidencia directa en el desempeño en estado fresco y endurecido del cemento CSA; mayor contenido de ye’elimita ortorrómbica aumenta la velocidad de hidratación del cemento CSA, sin embargo la presencia del polimorfo cúbico hace que el cemento CSA se hidrate más lentamente que si solo el polimorfo ortorrómbico está presente en el cemento CSA durante la mezcla con el agua, la mezcla de los polimorfos puede entonces aportar un comportamiento intermedio del cemento CSA al momento de hidratarse. Por lo tanto, usando el modelo cinético producto de este trabajo de investigación, se puede concluir que la velocidad formación de cada polimorfo durante las reacciones en estado sólido en un rango de temperaturas definido, permite controlar la presencia o no de cada compuesto de ye’elimita en el cemento CSA y su desempeño. Se han planteado algunos mecanismos de reacción y algunas cinéticas de reacción en algunas publicaciones científicas para describir la formación de la ye’elimita, pero varias de estas referencias asumen la presencia de una única fase cristalina de la ye’elimita, otros plantean una cinética usando productos intermedios como reactivos llevándolos a temperaturas que pueden influir sustancialmente en la estabilización de la ye’elimita (>= 1350 °C). Estas experimentaciones han permitido avanzar en el entendimiento general de la cinética de formación de la ye’elimita, pero es necesario diferenciar la cinética asociada a cada polimorfo dado que sus comportamientos al momento de hidratarse varían. Al identificar la cinética particular de cada polimorfo es posible estimar y/o determinar el comportamiento del cemento al momento de su uso. Este conocimiento de la cinética de formación de los polimorfos ofrece una mejor oportunidad para controlar los procesos de formación de cada polimorfo y posteriormente la hidratación del cemento CSA y permitirá orientar los resultados obtenidos en esta escala de laboratorio hacia el escalamiento de producción del cemento CSA a nivel industrial. Se ha reportado la presencia de diferentes polimorfos de ye’elimita en el cemento CSA: cúbica, tetragonal y ortorrómbica, las cuales ocurren a temperatura ambiente y basados en la estequiometría de cada una de estas fases cristalinas; sin embargo, se ha encontrado que la fases ye’elimiticas predominantes en los cementos CSA sinterizados a nivel de laboratorio y en los cementos CSA disponibles en el mercado, son la fase cúbica como base estructural y la ortorrómbica como una derivación de la primera. Se ha identificado la presencia de esta fase cristalina y sus dos formas polimórficas mencionadas, las cuales son las más estables y abundantes en muchos de los cementos CSA analizados desde el punto de vista mineralógico. Esto aplicado tanto para los cementos elaborados a escala laboratorio como los cementos producidos a escala industrial. A partir de la cinética definida para cada uno de los polimorfos de ye’elimita, modelo difusivo combinado con contracción geométrica, modelo de orden de reacción (primero, segundo o tercer orden de reacción), entre otros, identificados mayoritariamente durante la síntesis del cemento CSA a diferentes escalas (desde laboratorio hasta escala industrial), este trabajo describe como favorecer, desde el punto de vista cinético (temperatura y velocidad de reacción), la presencia mayoritaria de uno y otro polimorfo en producción del compuesto denominado ye’elimita, como fase cristalina mayoritaria y característica que otorga las propiedades mecánicas al cemento CSA. El comportamiento diferencial de los polimorfos cúbico y ortorrómbico al momento de hidratarse y en presencia de yeso, encontrados en esta investigación, coinciden con los trabajos de investigación realizados en la Universidad de málaga [1]. Los resultados de las evaluaciones de micro calorimetría de los cementos CSA con diferentes proporciones de cada polimorfos presentados son coherentes con las velocidades de hidratación referidas, esto permite validar que los modelos de velocidad de reacción (cinética de reacción) desarrollados para cada polimorfo en este trabajo representan adecuadamente su formación y permiten controlar su producción. El modelo cinético planteado para las reacciones en estado sólido que describe la formación de cada polimorfo de ye’elimita, se basa en las reacciones químicas que ocurren en los procesos de sinterización de clinker CSA y que funcionan en analogía con el proceso de producción de clinker OPC, pero que hasta ahora no se ha reportado el mecanismo que represente la formación de uno y otro polimorfo. El fundamento del desarrollo de esta investigación radica en el modelo de reacción, que para los polimorfos de ye’elimita se basa en una combinación de eventos químicos entre la difusión en estado sólido, la contracción geométrica de las partículas, el efecto de fases fundentes, materiales vítreos y la dependencia en la concentración de los reactivos o reactantes y que son considerados influyentes y/o etapas controlantes de la reacción. Por lo tanto, como resultado final se concluye que el modelo de difusión propuesto por Jander es el que mejor representa la cinética de formación para el polimorfo ortorrómbico y el modelo de tercer orden para el cúbico. Para la identificación de cada modelo se parte de procesos de síntesis previamente realizados a partir de reacciones en estado sólido a nivel de laboratorio y en hornos industriales, adicionalmente, gracias a la caracterización y refinamiento de las estructuras mineralógicas de los polimorfos se logra su adecuada discriminación y caracterización usando la técnica de difracción de rayos X. Luego del planteamiento del modelo a partir de las síntesis de referencia preliminares, se valida el ajuste del modelo de cada polimorfo a partir de la comparación de los contenidos de los compuestos en nuevas síntesis y la comparación de las curvas cinéticas que correlacionan el grado de reacción con la ecuación cinética de cada modelo. Finalmente, esta investigación identifica, a partir del modelo cinético que mejor se ajusta, cuanta energía de activación es necesaria para que ocurra la formación de cada polimorfo, lo cual está directamente relacionado con su velocidad de reacción, y describe la constante de velocidad que determina la formación de cada polimorfo, desde el punto de vista del modelo cinético determinado. De esta forma se tiene que, la energía de activación obtenida para la ye’elimita ortorrómbica Ea= 395.5 kJ/mol y para la ye’elimita cúbica Ea= 327.8 kJ/mol, el factor de frecuencia, A, 1.6033x10+10 min-1 y 5.0581x10+9 min-1 para ye’elimita ortorrómbica y cúbica respectivamente. Como se mencionó anteriormente, En las reacciones en estado sólido de los procesos de clinkerización predominan los factores como la contracción geométrica y la difusividad, esta última se reconoce como la etapa controlante de la reacción de formación de las fases del cemento OPC y CSA, y describe la formación de los polimorfos de la fase cristalina conocida como ye’elimita (o compuesto/sal de Klein), la ye’elimita ortorrómbica (OY) y la ye’elimita cúbica (CY). Estas fases presentes en los cementos CSA fueron sinterizadas a escala de laboratorio usando compuestos grado reactivo. A nivel industrial se usan materiales de origen natural, por lo que para favorecer uno u otro polimorfo se requiere un mayor esfuerzo, este es un resultado fundamental pues, como consecuencia de este entendimiento de la cinética, se puede influir y favorecer la presencia de cada polimorfo a nivel industrial, así controlar el desempeño del cemento CSA al momento se su uso y aplicación, es decir, se pueden diseñar diferentes cementos CSA al favorecer la presencia de uno u otro polimorfo de ye’elimita en la producción del mismo. El resultado generado en esta investigación permite avanzar en el entendimiento básico de la fase ye’elimita y la velocidad de formación de sus polimorfos cúbico y ortorrómbico, en la producción del cemento CSA. Trabajos de investigación posteriores permitirán optimizar el proceso su producción a escala industrial y validar el efecto de la hidratación de los polimorfos en el desempeño y capacidad de cemento de ser más sostenible respecto al Cemento Portland Ordinario (OPC, por sus siglas en inglés). (Texto tomado de la fuente)In the world of construction materials, the demand for products that can offer advantages not only from a construction point of view but also from an environmental point of view is growing. In the particular case of cement, products based on this material are intended to be more environmentally friendly, that is, they generate lower CO2 emissions and have lower energy consumption. In addition, given that it is required to maintain a high performance of the materials, high physical and chemical resistance, as well as their durability under extreme conditions, the demand for these cementitious materials will continue to increase from the different aspects of sustainability. There is a wide field of well-developed technological studies on Ordinary Portland Cement, from raw materials to its use and applications, which has made it possible to have clarity on the benefits and challenges of this material. One of the challenges of cement is related to its high per capita demand, its hardening characteristics, and the use of the material in the development of the infrastructure that humanity benefits from today. Many researchers and companies have concentrated their efforts and resources on identifying alternative materials to traditional Portland cement, seeking to maximize some characteristic of cement and/or seeking greater economic, social, or environmental efficiencies. An example of these alternative materials is the so-called Third Generation Cement, among which calcium sulfoaluminate-based cement (CSA) stands out, among others. In the last 15 years, and particularly in 2018, there has been an increase in scientific publications associated with this type of cement according to several available databases, Science Direct, Scopus, among others, where its different characteristics and properties are explored and the performance of the CSA cement evaluated, as well as aspects of the chemistry of this material, its interactions with additives, and its durability. These characteristics, which generate a broad discussion about the technical challenges of CSA cement, expand the community's knowledge about it, as well as the materialization and use of its performance characteristics at the service of the infrastructure that countries require. Currently, various relevant aspects of CSA cement are being studied more and more, such as those related to its production, but using alternative raw materials, improving its mechanical performance, regulation of the hydration process, identification of hydration products, mixtures with other cementing materials, among others. One of the fields of study related to CSA cement is focused on the synthesis of CSA clinker, in which opportunities are identified to reduce the energy required for the combination of calcium, aluminum, and sulfur oxides necessary for the formation of calcium sulfoaluminate in its different crystalline forms (polymorphs), in solid-state reactions and at relatively high temperatures (over 1000 °C). The determination of the reaction rate as a function of the degree of conversion, that is, the identification of the driving force, or energy potential, that governs the reaction kinetics, necessary for the molecules participating in said reaction to combine to form compounds of ye'elimite with desired crystalline structures, reaching the precision of the phases, in particular proportions of said structures, will allow us to contribute to the understanding of the mechanical behavior of the CSA cement produced, which contains the polymorphs of ye'elimite. In this case, the study on the formation of the different crystalline phases of the CSA cement, the ye'elimite and his cubic and orthorhombic polymorphs, and particularly the speed at which each of them is formed during the sintering process, that is, the kinetic and thermodynamic aspects, represent the greatest interest of this research, in which the reaction models of the fundamental and majority compounds in a mentioned CSA cement (ye'elimite, in its cubic and orthorhombic crystalline forms), are the fundamental basis. to later understand the capacity that the material (CSA cement) will have to hydrate and resist and offer improvements in production processes and use in construction processes. As mentioned, the issue raised in this research on the kinetics of ye'elimite formation, as the main, majority, and characteristic phase of CSA cement, is essential to understand and control the formation of polymorphic phases of CSA cement. The hydration rate of each of the ye'elimite polymorphs described as the ones mostly present in CSA cement has a direct impact on the performance in the fresh and hardened state of CSA cement; higher content of orthorhombic ye'elimite increases the rate of hydration of CSA cement, however, the presence of the cubic polymorph causes the CSA cement to hydrate more slowly than if only the orthorhombic polymorph is present in the CSA cement during mixing with water, the mixture of the polymorphs can then provide an intermediate behavior of the CSA cement when it hydrates. Using the kinetic model resulting from this research work, it can be concluded that the rate of formation of each polymorph during solid-state reactions in a defined temperature range allows the presence or absence of each ye'elimite compound in the cement to be controlled. CSA and its performance. Some reaction mechanisms and reaction kinetics have been proposed in some publications to describe the formation of ye'elimite, but several of these references assume the presence of a single crystalline phase of ye'elimite, others propose kinetics using products intermediates as reagents, bringing them to temperatures that can substantially influence the stabilization of the ye'elimite (>= 1350 °C), these experiments have allowed us to advance in the general understanding of the kinetics of ye'elimite formation, but it is necessary to differentiate the kinetics associated with each polymorph given that their behaviors at the time of hydration vary. By identifying the kinetics of each polymorph, it is possible to estimate and/or determine the behavior of the cement at the time of its use. This understanding of the formation kinetics of the polymorphs offers a better opportunity to control the processes of formation of each polymorph and subsequently the hydration of the CSA cement and will allow directing the results obtained in this laboratory scale towards the scale-up of CSA cement production at industrial level. The presence of different polymorphs of ye'elimite in CSA cement has been reported: cubic, tetragonal, and orthorhombic, which occur at room temperature and based on the stoichiometry of each of these crystalline phases; however, it has been found that the predominant ye'elimitic phases in laboratory-sintered CSA types of cement and in commercially available CSA types of cement are the cubic phase as the structural basis and the orthorhombic phase as a derivation of the first. The presence of this crystalline phase and its two mentioned polymorphic forms, which are the most stable and abundant, has been identified in many of the CSA cements analyzed from the mineralogical point of view. This applies to both types of cement made on a laboratory scale and types of cement produced on an industrial scale. Based on the kinetics defined for each of the ye'elimite polymorphs, a diffusive model combined with geometric contraction, a reaction order model (first, second or third reaction order), among others, identified mainly during cement synthesis CSA at different scales (from laboratory to industrial scale), this work describes how to favor, from the kinetic point of view (temperature and reaction speed), the majority presence of one or the other polymorph in the production of the compound called ye'elimite, as majority and characteristic crystalline phase that gives the mechanical properties to CSA cement. The differential behavior of the cubic and orthorhombic polymorphs at the time of hydration and in the presence of gypsum, found in this research, coincides with the research carried out at the University of Malaga [1]. The results of the microcalorimetry evaluations of the CSA cements with different proportions of each polymorph presented here are consistent with the referred hydration rates, this allows validating that the reaction rate models (reaction kinetics) developed for each polymorph in this report adequately represent your training and allow you to control its content. The proposed kinetic model for the solid-state reactions that describe the formation of each ye'elimite polymorph is based on the chemical reactions that occur in the CSA clinker sintering processes and that work in analogy with the clinker production process. OPC, but until now a mechanism that represents the formation of one and the other polymorph has not been reported. The basis for the development of this research lies in the reaction model, which for ye'elimite polymorphs is based on a combination of chemical events between diffusion in the solid state, geometric contraction of the particles, the effect of flux phases, vitreous materials, and the dependence on the concentration of the reagents or reactants are considered as controlling stages of the reaction, therefore, as a final result, it is concluded that the Jander model is the one that best represents the kinetics of formation for the orthorhombic polymorph and the third-order model for the cubic. For the identification of the model, we start from synthesis processes previously carried out from solid-state reactions at the laboratory level and in industrial furnaces, additionally, thanks to the characterization and refinement of the mineralogical structures of the polymorphs, their adequate discrimination, and characterization using the X-ray diffraction technique. After the approach of the model from the preliminary reference syntheses, the adjustment of the model of each polymorph is validated from the comparison of the contents of the compounds in new syntheses and the comparison of the kinetic curves that correlate the degree of reaction with the kinetic equation of each model. Finally, this research identifies, from the kinetic model that best fits, how much activation energy is necessary for the formation of each polymorph to occur, which is directly related to its reaction rate, and describes the rate constant that determines the formation of each polymorph, from the point of view of the determined kinetic model. In this way, the activation energy obtained for the orthorhombic ye'elimite Ea= 395.5 kJ/mol and for the cubic ye'elimite Ea= 327.8 kJ/mol, the frequency factor, A, 1.6033x10+10 min-1 and 5.0581x10+9 min-1 for orthorhombic and cubic ye'elimite respectively. As mentioned above, in the solidstate reactions of the clinkering processes, factors such as geometric contraction and diffusivity predominate, the latter being recognized as the controlling stage of the formation reaction of the OPC and CSA cement phases and describes the formation of the crystalline phase polymorphs known as ye'elimite (or Klein’s compound/salt), orthorhombic ye'elimite (OY), and cubic ye'elimite (CY). These phases present in the CSA cement were sintered on a laboratory scale using reagent-grade compounds. At the industrial level, materials of natural origin are used, so to favor one or another polymorph requires a greater effort, this is a fundamental result because, because of this understanding of kinetics, the presence of each can be influenced and favored. polymorph at an industrial level, thus controlling the performance of CSA cement at the time of its use and application, that is, different CSA cement can be designed by favoring the presence of one or another ye'elimite polymorph in its production. The result generated in this research allows us to advance in the basic understanding of the ye'elimite phase and the rate of formation of its cubic and orthorhombic polymorphs, in the production of CSA cement. Subsequent research work will allow optimization of the production process on an industrial scale and validation of the effect of hydration of polymorphs on the performance and ability of the cement to be more sustainable compared to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC).Cementos ARGOS S.A. Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje SENADoctoradoDoctor en IngenieríaMateriales para la ConstrucciónÁrea Curricular de Materiales y Nanotecnologíaxxvii, 213 páginasapplication/pdfspaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaMedellín - Minas - Doctorado en Ingeniería - Ciencia y Tecnología de MaterialesFacultad de MinasMedellín, ColombiaUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellín620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines690 - Construcción de edificios::691 - Materiales de construcciónCementoMateriales de construcciónCementBuilding materialsCemento CSAye’elimitaPolimorfosCúbicoOrtorrómbicoCinéticaCSA cementyeʹelimitePolymorphsCubicOrthorhombicKineticsModelo cinético para la obtención de polimorfos de ye’elimita, C_4 A_3 S ̅Kinetic model for obtaining ye'elimite polymorphs, C_4 A_3 S ̅Trabajo de grado - Doctoradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06Texthttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TDRedColLaReferencia[1] G. 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Jing et al., “Effects of graphene oxide on the hydration behavior of ye’elimite,” J Mater Sci, vol. 54, no. 19, pp. 12582–12591, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s10853-019-03801-4.Convenio especial de cooperación número 00284 de 2011Cementos ARGOS S.A.Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje SENAEstudiantesInvestigadoresPúblico generalLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-85879https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/84063/5/license.txteb34b1cf90b7e1103fc9dfd26be24b4aMD55ORIGINAL71337934.2023.pdf71337934.2023.pdfTesis de Doctorado en Ingeniería - Ciencia y Tecnología de los Materialesapplication/pdf24513286https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/84063/6/71337934.2023.pdf56542cfc4e6dace48d3c5477c8e8d73eMD56THUMBNAIL71337934.2023.pdf.jpg71337934.2023.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg4688https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/84063/7/71337934.2023.pdf.jpg502303a32e846a060d19d1fb63a481d6MD57unal/84063oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/840632023-08-10 23:03:43.173Repositorio 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Modelo cinético para la obtención de polimorfos de ye’elimita, C_4 A_3 S ̅

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