Producción de carbón activado a partir de cuesco de palma de aceite para la remoción de paraquat en solución acuosa
This research aims to contribute to the knowledge of product diversification and thermal treatments in the transformation of materials, seeking to generate alternatives to add value to agroindustrial waste. The production of activated carbon from oil palm kernel is studied. The activated carbon prod...
- Autores:
-
Álvarez Villanueva, Daniel Mateo
- Tipo de recurso:
- Work document
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2019
- Institución:
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- Repositorio:
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/75586
- Acceso en línea:
- https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/75586
- Palabra clave:
- Biomasa y Optimización Térmica de Procesos
Activated carbon
Physical activation
Adsorption
Paraquat
Carbón activado
Activación física
Adsorción
Paraquat
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
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| dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Producción de carbón activado a partir de cuesco de palma de aceite para la remoción de paraquat en solución acuosa |
| title |
Producción de carbón activado a partir de cuesco de palma de aceite para la remoción de paraquat en solución acuosa |
| spellingShingle |
Producción de carbón activado a partir de cuesco de palma de aceite para la remoción de paraquat en solución acuosa Biomasa y Optimización Térmica de Procesos Activated carbon Physical activation Adsorption Paraquat Carbón activado Activación física Adsorción Paraquat |
| title_short |
Producción de carbón activado a partir de cuesco de palma de aceite para la remoción de paraquat en solución acuosa |
| title_full |
Producción de carbón activado a partir de cuesco de palma de aceite para la remoción de paraquat en solución acuosa |
| title_fullStr |
Producción de carbón activado a partir de cuesco de palma de aceite para la remoción de paraquat en solución acuosa |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Producción de carbón activado a partir de cuesco de palma de aceite para la remoción de paraquat en solución acuosa |
| title_sort |
Producción de carbón activado a partir de cuesco de palma de aceite para la remoción de paraquat en solución acuosa |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Álvarez Villanueva, Daniel Mateo |
| dc.contributor.advisor.spa.fl_str_mv |
Sonia Lucía, Rincón Prat |
| dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv |
Álvarez Villanueva, Daniel Mateo |
| dc.contributor.researchgroup.spa.fl_str_mv |
Biomasa y Optimización Térmica de Procesos -BIOT |
| dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv |
Biomasa y Optimización Térmica de Procesos |
| topic |
Biomasa y Optimización Térmica de Procesos Activated carbon Physical activation Adsorption Paraquat Carbón activado Activación física Adsorción Paraquat |
| dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
Activated carbon Physical activation Adsorption Paraquat |
| dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Carbón activado Activación física Adsorción Paraquat |
| description |
This research aims to contribute to the knowledge of product diversification and thermal treatments in the transformation of materials, seeking to generate alternatives to add value to agroindustrial waste. The production of activated carbon from oil palm kernel is studied. The activated carbon produced is evaluated by its capacity to adsorb the paraquat herbicide in aqueous solution. The thesis document is divided into three parts: First, a description of the raw material used is made, taking into account the information on the residual biomass generated in the country, its characteristics and the studies carried out by other researchers. The characteristics of activated carbon, the history of use of this material, the processes of obtaining and its applications are studied, with emphasis on liquid phase adsorption. Completing this section of context, the use of pesticide chemicals in national crops is reviewed, as well as methods to protect crops or eradicate plantations, the participation of paraquat, the risk of contamination of nearby watercourses and existing regulations. The second part presents the preparation, assembly and production of activated carbon in a fixed bed furnace, using water vapor as a reaction agent. It includes the definition of parameters and the design of the experimental plan to obtain activated carbon at temperatures of 750, 800, 850 and 900 ° C with different degrees of conversion from 22 % to 64 %. The objective of the different treatments is to evaluate the effect of the variation of parameters in the activation process and create porous structures with diverse surface characteristics to identify the properties of activated carbon that contribute to the adsorption of contaminant molecules. In order to determine the appropriate parameters for activation, characterization tests are carried out in the following part. This final phase contains the results of the characterization tests performed on samples of oil palm kernel shells, carbonized kernel shells and activated carbon from kernel shells. The comparison of results with samples of commercial activated carbon is made. Here the characteristics of the obtained surfaces, physical properties of the samples and results of adsorption tests are described. The surface area values of the activated carbon produced are between 750 and 1200 m2 / g approximately. Activated carbon with a higher degree of activation has the highest paraquat adsorption value per unit mass equal to 90 mg / g. With the results we found the parameters of the treatment that generated the activated carbon with the highest performance in the adsorption. From this the conclusions are established. |
| publishDate |
2019 |
| dc.date.issued.spa.fl_str_mv |
2019 |
| dc.date.accessioned.spa.fl_str_mv |
2020-02-13T12:39:05Z |
| dc.date.available.spa.fl_str_mv |
2020-02-13T12:39:05Z |
| dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
Documento de trabajo |
| dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper |
| dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
| dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_8042 |
| dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv |
Text |
| dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/WP |
| format |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_8042 |
| status_str |
acceptedVersion |
| dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/75586 |
| url |
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/75586 |
| dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
spa |
| language |
spa |
| dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv |
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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 InternacionalDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de ColombiaAcceso abiertohttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Sonia Lucía, Rincón Prat14540fb2-a513-4212-b4af-b5cb9d629ed8-1Álvarez Villanueva, Daniel Mateo41a02607-a36a-4e2f-8add-fcbd00166366Biomasa y Optimización Térmica de Procesos -BIOT2020-02-13T12:39:05Z2020-02-13T12:39:05Z2019https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/75586This research aims to contribute to the knowledge of product diversification and thermal treatments in the transformation of materials, seeking to generate alternatives to add value to agroindustrial waste. The production of activated carbon from oil palm kernel is studied. The activated carbon produced is evaluated by its capacity to adsorb the paraquat herbicide in aqueous solution. The thesis document is divided into three parts: First, a description of the raw material used is made, taking into account the information on the residual biomass generated in the country, its characteristics and the studies carried out by other researchers. The characteristics of activated carbon, the history of use of this material, the processes of obtaining and its applications are studied, with emphasis on liquid phase adsorption. Completing this section of context, the use of pesticide chemicals in national crops is reviewed, as well as methods to protect crops or eradicate plantations, the participation of paraquat, the risk of contamination of nearby watercourses and existing regulations. The second part presents the preparation, assembly and production of activated carbon in a fixed bed furnace, using water vapor as a reaction agent. It includes the definition of parameters and the design of the experimental plan to obtain activated carbon at temperatures of 750, 800, 850 and 900 ° C with different degrees of conversion from 22 % to 64 %. The objective of the different treatments is to evaluate the effect of the variation of parameters in the activation process and create porous structures with diverse surface characteristics to identify the properties of activated carbon that contribute to the adsorption of contaminant molecules. In order to determine the appropriate parameters for activation, characterization tests are carried out in the following part. This final phase contains the results of the characterization tests performed on samples of oil palm kernel shells, carbonized kernel shells and activated carbon from kernel shells. The comparison of results with samples of commercial activated carbon is made. Here the characteristics of the obtained surfaces, physical properties of the samples and results of adsorption tests are described. The surface area values of the activated carbon produced are between 750 and 1200 m2 / g approximately. Activated carbon with a higher degree of activation has the highest paraquat adsorption value per unit mass equal to 90 mg / g. With the results we found the parameters of the treatment that generated the activated carbon with the highest performance in the adsorption. From this the conclusions are established.Esta investigación pretende aportar al conocimiento de diversificación de productos y de tratamientos térmicos en la transformación de materiales, buscando generar alternativas para dar valor agregado a residuos agroindustriales. Se estudia la producción de carbón activado de cuesco de palma de aceite. El carbón activado producido se evalúa mediante su capacidad de adsorción del herbicida paraquat en solución acuosa. El documento de tesis se divide en tres partes: En primer lugar se hace una descripción de la materia prima utilizada, teniendo en cuenta la información de la biomasa residual generada en el país, sus características y los estudios realizados por otros investigadores. Se estudian las características del carbón activado, los antecedentes de uso de este material, los procesos de obtención y sus aplicaciones, haciendo énfasis en la adsorción en fase líquida. Completando esta sección de contexto se revisa la utilización de productos químicos pesticidas en los cultivos nacionales como métodos para proteger las cosechas o para erradicar plantaciones, la participación del paraquat, el riesgo de contaminación de corrientes de agua cercanas y la normatividad existente. En la segunda parte se presenta la preparación, montaje y producción del carbón activado en un horno de lecho fijo, usando vapor de agua como agente de reacción. Se incluye la definición de parámetros y el diseño del plan experimental para obtener carbón activado a temperaturas de 750, 800, 850 y 900 °C con diferentes grados de conversión desde 22 % hasta 64 %. El objetivo de los diferentes tratamientos es, evaluar el efecto de la variación de parámetros en el proceso de activación y crear estructuras porosas con características superficiales diversas, para identificar las propiedades del carbón activado que contribuyen en la adsorción de moléculas del contaminante. Con el propósito de determinar los parámetros adecuados para la activación, se realizan pruebas de caracterización abordadas en la siguiente parte. Esta fase final contiene los resultados de las pruebas de caracterización realizadas a las muestras de cuesco de palma de aceite, cuesco carbonizado y carbón activado de cuesco. Se hace la comparación de resultados con muestras de carbón activado comercial. Aquí se describen las características de las superficies obtenidas, propiedades físicas de las muestras y resultados de pruebas de adsorción. Los valores de área superficial del carbón activado producido se encuentran entre 750 y 1200 m2/g aproximadamente. El carbón activado de mayor grado de activación presenta el valor más alto de adsorción de paraquat por unidad de masa igual a 90 mg/g. Con los resultados se encuentran los parámetros del tratamiento que generó el carbón activado de mejor desempeño en la adsorción, a partir de esto se establecen las conclusiones.Magíster en Ingeniería - Materiales y Procesos. Línea de Investigación: Sólidos Porosos.Maestría108application/pdfspaBiomasa y Optimización Térmica de ProcesosActivated carbonPhysical activationAdsorptionParaquatCarbón activadoActivación físicaAdsorciónParaquatProducción de carbón activado a partir de cuesco de palma de aceite para la remoción de paraquat en solución acuosaDocumento de trabajoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaperinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_8042Texthttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/WPUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá1.(PNUMA), P.d.l.N.U.p.e.M.A., GEO America Latina y el Caribe: Perspectivas del medio ambiente 2003. 2003.2.Carvalho, F., Agriculture, Pesticides, Food Security and Food Safety.Environmental Science & Policy, 2006. 9: p. 685-692.3.UNODC, O.d.l.N.U.c.l.D.y.e.D., Problemática ambiental y la utilización de agroquímicos en la producción de coca, in Informe Analítico. 2010.4.UNODC, O.d.l.N.U.c.l.D.y.e.D., Report of the Special Rapporteur on the right to food, in Human Rights Council. 2017.5.Ritter, L., etal., Sources, Pathways, and Relative Risks of Contaminants in Surface Water and Groundwater: A Perspective Prepared for the Walkerton Inquiry.Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 2002. 65: p. 1-142.6.Tsai, W.T., C.W. 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