Orden cycadales

ilustraciones, fotografías, mapas

Autores:
Stevenson, Dennis W. M.
Tipo de recurso:
Book
Fecha de publicación:
2001
Institución:
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Repositorio:
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
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spa
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oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/80728
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https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80728
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
580 - Plantas::581 - Temas específicos en historia natural de las plantas
Taxonomía vegetal
Fisiología vegetal
Plantas tropicales
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openAccess
License
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
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oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/80728
network_acronym_str UNACIONAL2
network_name_str Universidad Nacional de Colombia
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Orden cycadales
title Orden cycadales
spellingShingle Orden cycadales
580 - Plantas::581 - Temas específicos en historia natural de las plantas
Taxonomía vegetal
Fisiología vegetal
Plantas tropicales
title_short Orden cycadales
title_full Orden cycadales
title_fullStr Orden cycadales
title_full_unstemmed Orden cycadales
title_sort Orden cycadales
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Stevenson, Dennis W. M.
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Stevenson, Dennis W. M.
dc.contributor.editor.none.fl_str_mv Bernal González, Rodrigo Germán
Forero, Enrique
dc.contributor.corporatename.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales
dc.contributor.translator.none.fl_str_mv González Garavito, Favio Antonio
dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv 580 - Plantas::581 - Temas específicos en historia natural de las plantas
topic 580 - Plantas::581 - Temas específicos en historia natural de las plantas
Taxonomía vegetal
Fisiología vegetal
Plantas tropicales
dc.subject.lemb.none.fl_str_mv Taxonomía vegetal
Fisiología vegetal
Plantas tropicales
description ilustraciones, fotografías, mapas
publishDate 2001
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2001
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2021-11-25T04:25:23Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2021-11-25T04:25:23Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Libro
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/book
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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dc.type.coarversion.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv Text
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status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80728
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
url https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80728
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
dc.relation.ispartofseries.none.fl_str_mv Flora de Colombia;21
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv AUDRAN,J.&E.Masur. 1977.Contributionalaconnaissancedelacomposition des sporodermes chez les Cycadales (Prespermaphytes). Etude en microscopie electronique atransmission (M.E.T.) etabalayage. Palaeontographica 162:115-158.
Braun, A. 1875. Die Frage nach der Gymnospermie der Cycadeen. Monatsber. Konigl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1875: 376-377.
CANDOLLE, A. DE. 1868. Cycadaceae. Prodromus systematis naturalis 16(2): 522-548.
Caputo, P., $. CozzoLino, L. Gaupio, A. Moretti & D. STEVENSON. 1996. Karyology and phylogeny of some mesoamerican species of Zamia (Zamiaceae). Amer.J. Bot. 83 (11): 1513-1520.
CHAMBERLAIN, C. J. 1919. The Living Cycads. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Crane, P. 1988. Major clades and relationships in “higher” gymnosperms. Pags. 218-272 en: C. Beck (ed.). Origin and Evolution of Gymnosperms. Columbia University Press, New York.
Creret, W. 1979. Insect pollination: A paleontological perspective. Bioscience 29: 102-108.
Crowson, R. H. 1991. The relations of Coleoptera to Cycadales. Pags. 13-28 en: M. Zunino, X. Beltes & M. Blas (eds.). Advances in Coleopterology. AEC, Barcelona.
Damer, U. 1907. Cycadaceae. Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenburg 47: 117-118.
Deghan, B. & N. Dencan. 1988. Comparative pollen morphology and taxonomic affinities in the Cycadales. Amer. J. Bot. 75: 1501-1516.
Diaz - Piedrahíta, S. 1985. Cicadaceas. Flora de la Real Expedicién Botanica del Nuevo Reino de Granada 3(1): 23-25, t. 18-20.
Ducke, A. 1915. Plantes nouvelles ou peu connues de la région Amazonienne, Arquivos Jardim Botanico Rio de Janeiro 1: 19-20.
Ducke, A. 1922,PlantesnouvellesoupeuconnuesdelarégionAmazonienne, Arquivos Jardim Botanico Rio de Janeiro 3: 19-20.
Ducke, A. 1935. PlantesnouvellesoupeuconnesdelarégionAmazonienne, Arquivos de Instituto de Biologia Vegetal Rio de Janeiro (8a. sér.) 2: 27-28,
ECKENWALDER, J. E. 1980. Taxonomy of the West Indian cycad Zamia pumila L. J.Arnold Arbor. 61:701-722.
Fawcert, P. & K. Norstoe. 1993. Zamia pumila in South Florida: apreliminary report on its pollinators R. slossoni, a snout weevil and P. zamiae, a clavicorn beetle. Pgs. 109-120 en: D. Stevenson & K. Norstog (eds.). Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Cycad Biology. Palm and Cycad Societies of Aus- tralia, Milton, Queensland.
Fawcett, P & K. Norstoc & A. Vowwes. 1995, Pollination of two species of Zamia in south Florida and its implication for evolution of cycad strobili. Pags. 111-121 en: D. Pant (ed.). Proceedings of the International Conference on Glo- bal Environment and Diversification of Plants through Geological Time. South Asian Publishers, Allahabad, India.
Gao ZHIFENG & B. THomas. 1989, A review of cycad megasporophylls with new evidence of Crossozamia Pomel and its associated leaves from the Lower Permian of Taiyuan, China. Rev. Paleobot. Palynol. 60: 205-223.
Gomez, L. D. 1982a. Plantae Mesoamericanae Novae. I.Phytologia 50: 401-404,
Gómez, L. D., 1982b.PlantaeMesoamericanaeNovae.IV.Phytologia51:473.
HernAnpez, E. J. &¢ F. GONZALEZ (en prep.). Mecanismos de polinizacién de Zamia encephalartoides D. Stev. Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
HUTCHINSON, J. 1924. Contributions towards aphylogenetic classification offlowering plants. I. The genera of gymnosperms. Bull. Misc. Inf. (Kew) 1924: 49-66.
IUCN. 1997. Red List of Threatened Plants. K.S,Walters&H.J.Gillet (eds). Gland, Suiza.
Jarvis, C., F. BARRIE, D. ALLAN & J. Reveat. 1993. A list of Linnean generic names and their types. Regnum Veg. 127.
JOHNSON, L. 1959. The families of cycads and the Zamiaceae of Australia. Proc. Linn. Soc, N.S. W. 84: 64-117.
Loconte, H. & D. W. STEVENSON. 1990. Cladistics of the Spermatophyta. Brittonia 42: 197-211.
Marshall, J.,N. GROBBELAAR, J.COETZEE & R. OsBorNE. 1989, Pollen morphology of the Cycadales with special reference to the Encephalartos species. Pollen & Spores 31: 229-249.
Miquel, F. 1861. Prodromus systematis cycadearum. C. G. v. D. Post, Jr. Amsterdam, Utrecht.
Moretti, A. 1990a. Karyotypic data on North and Central American Zamiaceae (Cycadales) and their phylogenetic implications. Amer. J.Bot. 77: 1016-1029.
Moretti, A. 1990b. Cytotaxonomy of the cycads.Mem.NewYorkBot. Gard. 57: 114-122.
Moretti, A. .Caputo, S.Cozzouino &L.Gaupio. 1993.Karyotypes ofNew World cycads. Pags. 109-120 en: D. Stevenson & K. Norstog (eds.). Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Cycad Biology. Palm and Cycad Societies of Australia, Milton, Queensland,
Moretti, A., Caputo, L. Gaupi & D. STEVENSON. 1991. Intraspecific chromosome variation in Zamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales). Caryologia 44: 1-10.
Moretti, A., & S.SazaTo.1984.Karyotype evolution by centromeric fission in Zamia (Cycadales). Pl. Syst. Evol. 146; 215-223.
Norstos, K. 1980. Chromosome numbers in Zamia (Cycadales). Carylogia 33: 419-428.
Norstog, K., 1981. Karyotypes of Zamia chigua (Cycadales). Carylogia 34: 255-260.
Norstos, K. 1986. Zamia chigua, a case of mistaken identity? Fairchild Trop. Gard. Bull. 41: 6-13.
Norstog, K. & P.FawceTt. 1989. Insect-cycad symbiosis and itsrelation to the pollination of Zarnia furfuracea (Zamiaceae) by Rhopalotria mollis (Curculionidae). Amer.J. Bot. 76: 1380-1394.
Norstog, K. P. Fawcett & A. Vovings. 1992. Beetle pollination of two species of Zama: evolutionary and ecological considerations. Palaeobotanist 41: 149-158.
Norstog, K. & T. NicHo.ts. 1997, The Biology of the Cycads. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY.
Norstog, K., D. STEVENSON & K. Nixxas. 1986. The role of beetles in the pollination of Zamia furfuracea L. fil.(Zamiaceae). Biotropica 18: 300-306.
OBERPRIELER, R. 1995a. The weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) associated with cycads. 1. Classification, relationships, and biology. Pags. 295-334 en: P. Vorster (ed.). Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Cycad Biology. Cycad Society of South Africa, Stellenbosch.
OBERPRIELER, R. 1995b. The weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) associated with cycads. 2. Host specificity and implications for cycad taxonomy. Pags. 335-378 en: P. Vorster (ed.). Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Cycad Biology. Cycad Society of South Africa, Stellenbosch.
OsBorNeE, R., D. STEVENSON & K. HILL. 1998. The world list of cycads. Pags. 224-239 en: Chia-Jui Chen (ed.). Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Cycad Biology. International Academic Publishers, Bejing.
Patiño, V. M. 1989. Notas preliminares sobre eluso de las Zamiaceae por los pueblos primitivos y aculturados del intertropico americano. Perez-Arbelaezia 2: 429-442,
Pettoyr, O., W. TANc, I. GRoTH, G. BERGSTROM & L. B. THIEN. 1991. Cycad cone and angiosperm floral volatiles: inferences for the evolution of insect pollination. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 19: 623-627.
PETRIELLA, B. & J. Criscit. 1977. Estudios numéricos en Cycadales. 2. Cycadales actuales: simulacién de arboles evolutivos. Obra Mus. La Plata 3: 151-159.
REGEL, E. 1876. Die Cycadeen, deren Gattungen und Arten. Gartenflora 25: 140-144.
Rumputus, G. 1749. Herbarium Amboinense I:86. t.23.
SABATO, S. 1990, West indian and south american cycads. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 57: 173-185.
Sacks, O, 1996. The Island of the Colorblind. Macmillan, London.
SAUVALLE, F. A. 1868. Flora Cubana. Anal. Acad. Cienc. Nat. Habana, 5: 54.
SCHULTES, R. 1953. Notes on Zamia in the Colombian Amazonia. Mutisia 15: 1-6.
SCHULTES, R. 1958. Plantae Austro-Americanae X. Cycadaceae. Bot. Mus. Leafl. 18: 114-115.
SCHUSTER, J. 1932. Cycadaceae. En: A. Engler (ed.). Das Pflanzenreich IV. 1(Heft 9): 1-168.
STEVENSON, D. 1980a. Observations on root and stem contraction in cycads (Cycadales) with special reference to Zamia pumila L. Bot.J. Linn. Soc. 81: 275-281,
STEVENSON, D. 1980b.Radial growth int he Cycadales. Amer.J.Bot.465-475.
STEVENSON, D. 1981. Observations on ptyxis, phenology, and trichomes in the Cycadales and their systematic implications. Amer.J. Bot. 68: 1104-1114.
STEVENSON, D. 1988. Strobilar ontogeny in the Cycadales. Pag. 205-244 en: P. LEIns, $. TUCKER & P. ENprEss (eds). Aspects of Floral Development. J. Cramer, Berlin.
STEVENSON, D. 1990a. Morphology and systematics of the Cycadales. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 57: 8-55.
STEVENSON, D. 1990b. Chigua a new genus in the Zamiaceae with comments on its biogeographic significance. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 57: 169-172.
STEVENSON, D. 1990c. Introduction. Mem. New York Bot.Gard. 57: Vi-vil.
STEVENSON, D. 1991.TheZamiaceaeintheSoutheasternUnitedStates.J.Arnold Arbor., Suppl. Series 1:367-384.
Stevenson D., 1992.A formal classification of the extant cycads. Brittonia 44: 220-223.
STEVENSON D. 1993. The Zamiaceae in Panama with comments on phytogeography and species relationships. Brittonia 45; 1-16,
STEVENSON D., K.Norstoc & P,Fawcerr.1998.Pollination biology of cycads, Pags, 277-294 en: P. Rudall & S. Owens (eds.). International Conference on Plant Reproductive Biology. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
STEVENSON D., . Norstoc & D. Mo sen. 1996. Midribs of cycad pinnae. Brittonia 48: 67-74.
STEVENSON D., &S.SaBaTo.1986.Typification of names in Zamia L. and Aulacophyllum Regel (Zamiaceae). Taxon 35: 134-143.
STEVENSON D., & G. SINISCALCO GIGLIANO. 1989. The systematic value of the monosaccharide composition and distribution pattern of cycad mucilages. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 17: 185-190.
TANG, W. 1987a. Insect pollination in the cycad Zamia pumila (Zamiaceae). Amer. J].Bot. 74; 90-9,
TANG, W. 1987b. Heat production in cycad cones. Bot. Gaz. 148:165-174.
TANG, W. 1993.Heatandodourproductionincycadconesandtheirrolein insect pollination. Pags. 140-147 en: D. Stevenson & K. Norstog (eds.). Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Cycad Biology. Palm and Cycad Societies ofAustralia, Milton, Queensland.
Vovides, A. 1991. Insect symbionts of some Mexican cycads. Biotropica 23: 102-104.
Vovides, A. K. Norstoe, P. Fawcetr, M. Duncan, R. Naso & D. MoLsen. 1993. Histological changes during maturation in male and female cones of Zamia furfuracea L. fil. (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) and their significance in relation to pollination biology. Bot. J.Linn. Soc. 111: 241-252.
World CONSERVATION MONITORING CENTRE. 1996. Checklist of CITES species. Cites Secretariat and World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Geneva, Switzerland & Cambridge, U. K. 400 pp.).
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2001
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.license.spa.fl_str_mv Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.uri.spa.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2001
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv 92 páginas
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.coverage.country.none.fl_str_mv Colombia
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Facultad de Ciencias. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales
dc.publisher.department.spa.fl_str_mv Sede Bogotá
dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv Bogotá, Colombia
institution Universidad Nacional de Colombia
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/80728/1/license.txt
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/80728/2/Cycadales_01204351_21.pdf
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spelling Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 InternacionalUniversidad Nacional de Colombia, 2001http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Stevenson, Dennis W. M.0aaf199cb408f72cf42532952621a7a9Bernal González, Rodrigo GermánForero, EnriqueUniversidad Nacional de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias NaturalesGonzález Garavito, Favio Antonio2021-11-25T04:25:23Z2021-11-25T04:25:23Z2001https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80728Universidad Nacional de ColombiaRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiahttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ilustraciones, fotografías, mapasSe presenta el tratamiento sistematico de las especies pertenecientes al orden Cycadales que crecen en Colombia. En los capitulos introductorios se presentan la historia taxonémica, la morfologia de los érganos vegetativos y reproductivos, la citologta, la biologta de la polinizacién y la conservacién de estas plantas. Dentro del tratamiento sistematico, un total de 2 especies cultivadas de Cycadaceae y 18 especies nativas de Zamiaceae son descritas, comentadas eincluidas en claves para identificacién y mapas de distribucién. La mayoria de ellas son ilustradas. Dentro delasZamiaceae seincluyen 2géneros, Chigua con 2especies, ambas endémicas de Colombia, y Zamia con 16 especies, 5de ellas descritas por primera vez. (texto tomado de la fuente)A systematic treatment of the species of order Cycadales that grow in Colom- bia is presented. Introductory chapters on taxonomic history, vegetative and reproductive morphology, cytology, pollination biology, and conservation are also presented. In the systematic treatment 2 cultivated species of Cycadaceae and 18 native species of Zamiaceae are described, commented, and keyed out, Maps of distribution are presented and most of the species are illustrated. Two genera of Zamuaceae are included, Chigua with 2species, both endemic to Colombia, and Zamia with 16 species, 5 of which are here described for the first time.Resumen/Abstract -- Introducción -- I.Historia taxonómica -- II.Morfología vegetativa -- III. Morfología reproductiva -- IV, Citología -- V. Biología de la polinización -- VI Conservación -- Tratamiento taxnómico -- Clave para las familias del orden Cycadales en Colombia -- Cycadaceae -- Cycas -- Clave para las especies colombianas de Cycas -- Zamiaceae -- Clave para los géneros colombianos de Zamiaceae -- Chigua -- Clave para las especies colombianas de Chrigua -- Zamia -- Clave para las especies colombianas de Zaria -- Especie dudosa -- Agradecimientos -- Literatura citada -- Lista numérica de taxones -- Lista de ejemplares examinados -- Lista de nombres comunes -- Índice de nombres cientificos92 páginasapplication/pdfspaUniversidad Nacional de Colombia. Facultad de Ciencias. Instituto de Ciencias NaturalesSede BogotáBogotá, ColombiaFlora de Colombia;21AUDRAN,J.&E.Masur. 1977.Contributionalaconnaissancedelacomposition des sporodermes chez les Cycadales (Prespermaphytes). Etude en microscopie electronique atransmission (M.E.T.) etabalayage. Palaeontographica 162:115-158.Braun, A. 1875. Die Frage nach der Gymnospermie der Cycadeen. Monatsber. Konigl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1875: 376-377.CANDOLLE, A. DE. 1868. Cycadaceae. Prodromus systematis naturalis 16(2): 522-548.Caputo, P., $. CozzoLino, L. Gaupio, A. Moretti & D. STEVENSON. 1996. Karyology and phylogeny of some mesoamerican species of Zamia (Zamiaceae). Amer.J. Bot. 83 (11): 1513-1520.CHAMBERLAIN, C. J. 1919. The Living Cycads. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Crane, P. 1988. Major clades and relationships in “higher” gymnosperms. Pags. 218-272 en: C. Beck (ed.). Origin and Evolution of Gymnosperms. Columbia University Press, New York.Creret, W. 1979. Insect pollination: A paleontological perspective. Bioscience 29: 102-108.Crowson, R. H. 1991. The relations of Coleoptera to Cycadales. Pags. 13-28 en: M. Zunino, X. Beltes & M. Blas (eds.). Advances in Coleopterology. AEC, Barcelona.Damer, U. 1907. Cycadaceae. Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenburg 47: 117-118.Deghan, B. & N. Dencan. 1988. Comparative pollen morphology and taxonomic affinities in the Cycadales. Amer. J. Bot. 75: 1501-1516.Diaz - Piedrahíta, S. 1985. Cicadaceas. Flora de la Real Expedicién Botanica del Nuevo Reino de Granada 3(1): 23-25, t. 18-20.Ducke, A. 1915. Plantes nouvelles ou peu connues de la région Amazonienne, Arquivos Jardim Botanico Rio de Janeiro 1: 19-20.Ducke, A. 1922,PlantesnouvellesoupeuconnuesdelarégionAmazonienne, Arquivos Jardim Botanico Rio de Janeiro 3: 19-20.Ducke, A. 1935. PlantesnouvellesoupeuconnesdelarégionAmazonienne, Arquivos de Instituto de Biologia Vegetal Rio de Janeiro (8a. sér.) 2: 27-28,ECKENWALDER, J. E. 1980. Taxonomy of the West Indian cycad Zamia pumila L. J.Arnold Arbor. 61:701-722.Fawcert, P. & K. Norstoe. 1993. Zamia pumila in South Florida: apreliminary report on its pollinators R. slossoni, a snout weevil and P. zamiae, a clavicorn beetle. Pgs. 109-120 en: D. Stevenson & K. Norstog (eds.). Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Cycad Biology. Palm and Cycad Societies of Aus- tralia, Milton, Queensland.Fawcett, P & K. Norstoc & A. Vowwes. 1995, Pollination of two species of Zamia in south Florida and its implication for evolution of cycad strobili. Pags. 111-121 en: D. Pant (ed.). Proceedings of the International Conference on Glo- bal Environment and Diversification of Plants through Geological Time. South Asian Publishers, Allahabad, India.Gao ZHIFENG & B. THomas. 1989, A review of cycad megasporophylls with new evidence of Crossozamia Pomel and its associated leaves from the Lower Permian of Taiyuan, China. Rev. Paleobot. Palynol. 60: 205-223.Gomez, L. D. 1982a. Plantae Mesoamericanae Novae. I.Phytologia 50: 401-404,Gómez, L. D., 1982b.PlantaeMesoamericanaeNovae.IV.Phytologia51:473.HernAnpez, E. J. &¢ F. GONZALEZ (en prep.). Mecanismos de polinizacién de Zamia encephalartoides D. Stev. Universidad Nacional de Colombia.HUTCHINSON, J. 1924. Contributions towards aphylogenetic classification offlowering plants. I. The genera of gymnosperms. Bull. Misc. Inf. (Kew) 1924: 49-66.IUCN. 1997. Red List of Threatened Plants. K.S,Walters&H.J.Gillet (eds). Gland, Suiza.Jarvis, C., F. BARRIE, D. ALLAN & J. Reveat. 1993. A list of Linnean generic names and their types. Regnum Veg. 127.JOHNSON, L. 1959. The families of cycads and the Zamiaceae of Australia. Proc. Linn. Soc, N.S. W. 84: 64-117.Loconte, H. & D. W. STEVENSON. 1990. Cladistics of the Spermatophyta. Brittonia 42: 197-211.Marshall, J.,N. GROBBELAAR, J.COETZEE & R. OsBorNE. 1989, Pollen morphology of the Cycadales with special reference to the Encephalartos species. Pollen & Spores 31: 229-249.Miquel, F. 1861. Prodromus systematis cycadearum. C. G. v. D. Post, Jr. Amsterdam, Utrecht.Moretti, A. 1990a. Karyotypic data on North and Central American Zamiaceae (Cycadales) and their phylogenetic implications. Amer. J.Bot. 77: 1016-1029.Moretti, A. 1990b. Cytotaxonomy of the cycads.Mem.NewYorkBot. Gard. 57: 114-122.Moretti, A. .Caputo, S.Cozzouino &L.Gaupio. 1993.Karyotypes ofNew World cycads. Pags. 109-120 en: D. Stevenson & K. Norstog (eds.). Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Cycad Biology. Palm and Cycad Societies of Australia, Milton, Queensland,Moretti, A., Caputo, L. Gaupi & D. STEVENSON. 1991. Intraspecific chromosome variation in Zamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales). Caryologia 44: 1-10.Moretti, A., & S.SazaTo.1984.Karyotype evolution by centromeric fission in Zamia (Cycadales). Pl. Syst. Evol. 146; 215-223.Norstos, K. 1980. Chromosome numbers in Zamia (Cycadales). Carylogia 33: 419-428.Norstog, K., 1981. 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