Estrategias biotecnológicas para evaluar la presencia de cromo en la generación de biosólidos seguros: Posibles alternativas de bioremediación
La producción de biosólidos en la Planta de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales (PTAR) San Fernando de propiedad de Empresas Públicas de Medellín (EPM) en Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia, está regulada por el Ministerio de Medio Ambiente Colombiano y custodiada por la autoridad regional ambiental Corporac...
- Autores:
-
Vélez Zuluaga, Juan Alberto
- Tipo de recurso:
- Doctoral thesis
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2018
- Institución:
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- Repositorio:
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/79588
- Palabra clave:
- 570 - Biología
660 - Ingeniería química
Bioremediación
Biodegradación del agua
Bacterias patogenas
Bioremediación
Bacterias remediadoras
Oxido-reducción
Biosólidos
Metales Pesados
Biosolids
Bioremediation
Hexavalent Chromium
Oxide-Reduction
Remedial Bacteria
Rhizotron
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
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| dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Estrategias biotecnológicas para evaluar la presencia de cromo en la generación de biosólidos seguros: Posibles alternativas de bioremediación |
| dc.title.translated.eng.fl_str_mv |
Biotechnological strategies to evaluate the presence of chromium in the generation of safe biosolids. Possible bioremediation alternatives |
| title |
Estrategias biotecnológicas para evaluar la presencia de cromo en la generación de biosólidos seguros: Posibles alternativas de bioremediación |
| spellingShingle |
Estrategias biotecnológicas para evaluar la presencia de cromo en la generación de biosólidos seguros: Posibles alternativas de bioremediación 570 - Biología 660 - Ingeniería química Bioremediación Biodegradación del agua Bacterias patogenas Bioremediación Bacterias remediadoras Oxido-reducción Biosólidos Metales Pesados Biosolids Bioremediation Hexavalent Chromium Oxide-Reduction Remedial Bacteria Rhizotron |
| title_short |
Estrategias biotecnológicas para evaluar la presencia de cromo en la generación de biosólidos seguros: Posibles alternativas de bioremediación |
| title_full |
Estrategias biotecnológicas para evaluar la presencia de cromo en la generación de biosólidos seguros: Posibles alternativas de bioremediación |
| title_fullStr |
Estrategias biotecnológicas para evaluar la presencia de cromo en la generación de biosólidos seguros: Posibles alternativas de bioremediación |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Estrategias biotecnológicas para evaluar la presencia de cromo en la generación de biosólidos seguros: Posibles alternativas de bioremediación |
| title_sort |
Estrategias biotecnológicas para evaluar la presencia de cromo en la generación de biosólidos seguros: Posibles alternativas de bioremediación |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Vélez Zuluaga, Juan Alberto |
| dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv |
Ordúz Peralta, Sergio Montoya Campuzano, Olga Inés Ruíz Villadiego, , Orlando Simón |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Vélez Zuluaga, Juan Alberto |
| dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv |
570 - Biología 660 - Ingeniería química |
| topic |
570 - Biología 660 - Ingeniería química Bioremediación Biodegradación del agua Bacterias patogenas Bioremediación Bacterias remediadoras Oxido-reducción Biosólidos Metales Pesados Biosolids Bioremediation Hexavalent Chromium Oxide-Reduction Remedial Bacteria Rhizotron |
| dc.subject.lemb.none.fl_str_mv |
Bioremediación Biodegradación del agua Bacterias patogenas |
| dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Bioremediación Bacterias remediadoras Oxido-reducción |
| dc.subject.proposal.zho.fl_str_mv |
Biosólidos Metales Pesados |
| dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
Biosolids Bioremediation Hexavalent Chromium Oxide-Reduction Remedial Bacteria Rhizotron |
| description |
La producción de biosólidos en la Planta de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales (PTAR) San Fernando de propiedad de Empresas Públicas de Medellín (EPM) en Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia, está regulada por el Ministerio de Medio Ambiente Colombiano y custodiada por la autoridad regional ambiental Corporación Autónoma Regional del Centro de Antioquia (Corantioquia). Uno de los metales más cuestionados y vigilados en la producción de biosólidos en el mundo es el cromo derivado de múltiples actividades antrópicas, cuyas formas más significativas son la especie hexavalente (Cr6+) conocida por sus propiedades ácidas de naturaleza oxidante, que ocasiona daño a los tejidos y lesiones en los órganos, generando serios trastornos en la salud humana y animal con efectos mutagénicos, teratogénicos y carcinogénicos y la especie trivalente (Cr3+), considerada vital y necesaria para la síntesis de la glucosa, algunos lípidos y proteínas. Las posibilidades de oxidoreducción entre estas dos especies son motivo de serias discusiones y múltiples investigaciones, pero todavía son inciertos algunos de los mecanismos que influyen y gobiernan estas reacciones de doble vía. Cinco experimentos fueron llevados a cabo en la Universidad Nacional de Medellín tendientes a encontrar hongos y bacterias que fuesen capaces de crecer en medios de cultivo enriquecidos con cromo, con el objeto de aislarlos, purificarlos y multiplicarlos; para someterlos a concentraciones crecientes del metal, hasta encontrar la Concentración Mínima Inhibitoria (CMI), con el objeto de ser utilizados posteriormente como posibles alternativas biotecnológicas en la remediación de ambientes con presencia de cromo. Los microorganismos fueron obtenidos mediante aislados de aguas residuales de la empresa Curtiembres de Itagüí, Antioquia y de los biosólidos de la PTAR San Fernando, de los ceparios de la Universidad Nacional y de la Universidad de Antioquia, aportes de las empresas privadas Natural Control y Soluciones Microbiales para el Trópico; también se recurrió al interior del laboratorio a contaminantes ambientales colonizadores de un medio de cultivo enriquecido con cromo y fueron evaluados algunos fitopatógenos aleatorios obtenidos del cultivo del cacao. Aquellos organismos seleccionados por su cromotolerancia, fueron evaluados en forma de consorcio microbiano bajo invernadero, en macetas plásticas de 2 kilogramos de peso, con suelos contrastantes (Andisol e Inceptisol) y adiciones de biosólidos (20 Ton Ha-1) de la PTAR San Fernando, en presencia de una dosis alta de dicromato de potasio equivalente al doble de la CMI explorada (2.400 mg kg-1). Como planta bioindicadora se utilizó frijol arbustivo Phaseolus vulgaris durante todo el período vegetativo y reproductivo por 4 meses al cabo de los cuales se tomaron muestras de suelo rizosférico y no rizosférico con el propósito de llevar a cabo pruebas de metagenómica para rastrear la trazabilidad de las especies adicionadas y observar potenciales géneros nuevos que no hayan sido investigados. Los microorganismos que demostraron mayor potencial por su capacidad para remover cromo total o reducir cromo hexavalente a trivalente fueron caracterizados molecularmente en la Universidad de Antioquia y bioquímicamente en la Universidad Nacional, sede de Medellín mediante el empleo del Kit API y del sistema Biolog Microstation ID System. Posteriormente purificados y escalados y previa confrontación con los hallazgos de otros investigadores a nivel global, fueron empleados en pruebas de biotest de toxicidad, para confirmar su capacidad remediadora en presencia de silicato de magnesio y en ausencia de él como posible agente neutralizador del cromo en el suelo, usando prototipos no comerciales de Rhizotrones como herramientas de diagnóstico. Plantas de lechuga Lactuca sativa y lenteja Lens culinaris fueron empleadas como biosensores por su alta sensibilidad a los metales traza. Finalmente las bacterias Ochrobactrum antropi, O. intermedium, Bacillus amyloliquefacien, Bacillus cereus , B. megaterium, B. firmus; Staphylococcus saprophyticus y los hongos Scedosporium dehoogii, S. boydii, Paecilomyces lilacinus y Trichoderma sp., fueron elegidos como los organismos con mayor potencial para ser usados como bioremediadores de ambientes con presencia de cromo mediante la utilización de un biofiltro a través de un consorcio microbiano, o de manera individual empleados in situ, en combinación con correctivos que contengan silicatos de magnesio, dado su poder neutralizador de cromo en el suelo, como fue demostrado en este estudio. |
| publishDate |
2018 |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2018 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-06-01T20:45:36Z |
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2021-06-01T20:45:36Z |
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Trabajo de grado - Doctorado |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
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Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
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https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ |
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Universidad Nacional de Colombia Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
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spa |
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J., Reyna López, G. E., Fernández, F. J., … Wrobel, K. (2010). Mecanismos de interacción con cromo y aplicaciones biotecnológicas en hongos. Revista Latinoamericana de Biotecnología Amb Algal, 1(1), 47–63. Retrieved from http://www.ambientalex.info/revistas/Mecintcroaplbiohon.pdf Hassan, S. H. A., Van Ginkel, S. W., & Oh, S.-E. (2012). Detection of Cr 6+ by the Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria Biosensor: Effect of Different Physical Factors. Environmental Science & Technology, 46(14), 7844–7848. https://doi.org/10.1021/es301360a Hindák, F., & Hindáková, A. (2008). Morphology and taxonomy of some rare chlorococcalean algae (Chlorophyta). Biologia, 63(6). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-008-0099-7 Hlywka, J., Beck, M. , Bullerman, L. (1997). The Use of the Chicken Embryo Screening Test and Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina) Bioassays to Assess the Toxicity of Fumonisin B1 Mycotoxin. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 35(10-11), 991-999. Horbath, B. , Gruiz, K., Sara, B. (1996). 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Ecological Engineering, 91, 419–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.03.005 Silva, J., Torrejón, G., Bay-Schmith, E., & Larrain, A. (n.d.). Calibration of the acute toxicity bioassay with daphnia pulex (crustacea:cladocera)using a reference toxicant. Retrieved from https://scielo.conicyt.cl/pdf/gayana/v67n1/art11.pdf Singh, N., Verma, T., & Gaur, R. (2013). Detoxification of hexavalent chromium by an indigenous facultative anaerobic Bacillus cereus strain isolated from tannery effluent. African Journal of Biotechnology, 12(10), 1091–1103. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB12.1636 Singh, R., Dong, H., Liu, D., Zhao, L., Marts, A. R., Farquhar, E., … Briggs, B. R. (2016). Reduction of hexavalent chromium by the thermophilic methanogen Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 148, 442–456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.10.012.Reduction Smith, S. R. (2009). 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Bacterial chromate reductase, a potential enzyme for bioremediation of hexavalent chromium: A review. Journal of Environmental Management, 146, 383–399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.07.014 Tigini, V., Bevione, F., Prigione, V., Poli, A., Ranieri, L., Spennati, F., … Varese, G. C. (2018). Tannery mixed liquors from an ecotoxicological and mycological point of view: Risks vs potential biodegradation application. Science of The Total Environment, 627, 835–843. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2018.01.240 Torres, P. L., Parra, C. A. M., & Puentes, G. V. M. (2008). Estabilización alcalina de biosólidos compostados de plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales domésticas para aprovechamiento agrícola. Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía - Medellín, 61(1), 4432–4444. Retrieved from http://www.redalyc.org/exportarcita.oa?id=179914077019 Tortorelli, M. ; H. D. (n.d.). Descripción de un protocolo estandarizado de toxicidad aguda para cladóceros (página 2) - Monografias.com. 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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Ordúz Peralta, Sergioe35fb835286379572fd1a61b7cd91546Montoya Campuzano, Olga Inés4b04a4a60b5a0df6e629979838d9c079Ruíz Villadiego, , Orlando Simón8ee4ce4ae615b7a743eed98818fc2c2eVélez Zuluaga, Juan Albertofae8b2c22e678ed3b2cb358f9c29b40d2021-06-01T20:45:36Z2021-06-01T20:45:36Z2018https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79588Universidad Nacional de ColombiaRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiahttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/La producción de biosólidos en la Planta de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales (PTAR) San Fernando de propiedad de Empresas Públicas de Medellín (EPM) en Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia, está regulada por el Ministerio de Medio Ambiente Colombiano y custodiada por la autoridad regional ambiental Corporación Autónoma Regional del Centro de Antioquia (Corantioquia). Uno de los metales más cuestionados y vigilados en la producción de biosólidos en el mundo es el cromo derivado de múltiples actividades antrópicas, cuyas formas más significativas son la especie hexavalente (Cr6+) conocida por sus propiedades ácidas de naturaleza oxidante, que ocasiona daño a los tejidos y lesiones en los órganos, generando serios trastornos en la salud humana y animal con efectos mutagénicos, teratogénicos y carcinogénicos y la especie trivalente (Cr3+), considerada vital y necesaria para la síntesis de la glucosa, algunos lípidos y proteínas. Las posibilidades de oxidoreducción entre estas dos especies son motivo de serias discusiones y múltiples investigaciones, pero todavía son inciertos algunos de los mecanismos que influyen y gobiernan estas reacciones de doble vía. Cinco experimentos fueron llevados a cabo en la Universidad Nacional de Medellín tendientes a encontrar hongos y bacterias que fuesen capaces de crecer en medios de cultivo enriquecidos con cromo, con el objeto de aislarlos, purificarlos y multiplicarlos; para someterlos a concentraciones crecientes del metal, hasta encontrar la Concentración Mínima Inhibitoria (CMI), con el objeto de ser utilizados posteriormente como posibles alternativas biotecnológicas en la remediación de ambientes con presencia de cromo. Los microorganismos fueron obtenidos mediante aislados de aguas residuales de la empresa Curtiembres de Itagüí, Antioquia y de los biosólidos de la PTAR San Fernando, de los ceparios de la Universidad Nacional y de la Universidad de Antioquia, aportes de las empresas privadas Natural Control y Soluciones Microbiales para el Trópico; también se recurrió al interior del laboratorio a contaminantes ambientales colonizadores de un medio de cultivo enriquecido con cromo y fueron evaluados algunos fitopatógenos aleatorios obtenidos del cultivo del cacao. Aquellos organismos seleccionados por su cromotolerancia, fueron evaluados en forma de consorcio microbiano bajo invernadero, en macetas plásticas de 2 kilogramos de peso, con suelos contrastantes (Andisol e Inceptisol) y adiciones de biosólidos (20 Ton Ha-1) de la PTAR San Fernando, en presencia de una dosis alta de dicromato de potasio equivalente al doble de la CMI explorada (2.400 mg kg-1). Como planta bioindicadora se utilizó frijol arbustivo Phaseolus vulgaris durante todo el período vegetativo y reproductivo por 4 meses al cabo de los cuales se tomaron muestras de suelo rizosférico y no rizosférico con el propósito de llevar a cabo pruebas de metagenómica para rastrear la trazabilidad de las especies adicionadas y observar potenciales géneros nuevos que no hayan sido investigados. Los microorganismos que demostraron mayor potencial por su capacidad para remover cromo total o reducir cromo hexavalente a trivalente fueron caracterizados molecularmente en la Universidad de Antioquia y bioquímicamente en la Universidad Nacional, sede de Medellín mediante el empleo del Kit API y del sistema Biolog Microstation ID System. Posteriormente purificados y escalados y previa confrontación con los hallazgos de otros investigadores a nivel global, fueron empleados en pruebas de biotest de toxicidad, para confirmar su capacidad remediadora en presencia de silicato de magnesio y en ausencia de él como posible agente neutralizador del cromo en el suelo, usando prototipos no comerciales de Rhizotrones como herramientas de diagnóstico. Plantas de lechuga Lactuca sativa y lenteja Lens culinaris fueron empleadas como biosensores por su alta sensibilidad a los metales traza. Finalmente las bacterias Ochrobactrum antropi, O. intermedium, Bacillus amyloliquefacien, Bacillus cereus , B. megaterium, B. firmus; Staphylococcus saprophyticus y los hongos Scedosporium dehoogii, S. boydii, Paecilomyces lilacinus y Trichoderma sp., fueron elegidos como los organismos con mayor potencial para ser usados como bioremediadores de ambientes con presencia de cromo mediante la utilización de un biofiltro a través de un consorcio microbiano, o de manera individual empleados in situ, en combinación con correctivos que contengan silicatos de magnesio, dado su poder neutralizador de cromo en el suelo, como fue demostrado en este estudio.The biosolid production in the water treatment plant (PTAR) San Fernando property of EPM de Medellin is regulated by the environment minister of Colombia and monitored by the regional environment authority Corantioquia. One of the most questioned and guarded metals in the production of biosolids is Chrome. This metal originates in several anthropic activities and has as its most representative forms the hexavalent (Cr6+) species. This from is known for its acidic properties and oxidant nature, it produces damage to tissues and organ injuries generating serious disorders in human and animal health that include mutagenic, teratogenic and carcinogenic effects. The trivalent species (Cr3+) is considered vital and necessary for the synthesis of glucose, and some lipids and proteins. The possibilities of oxide reduction between these two species are object of serious discussions and multiple researches but the mechanisms that govern and influentiate these double way reactions are still uncertain. Five experiments were made in the Universidad Nacional de Medellin aiming to find fungus and bacteria that were able to grow in chrome enriched environment with the objective of aisle, purify and multiply them. Then they would be exposed to incremental concentration of the metal until finding the minimum inhibitory concentration (CMI), with the objective of using them in possible biotechnological alternatives aiming to remediate environments with chrome presence. The microorganisms where obtained by isolating samples from the company Curtiembres de Itagui and from the Biosolids of the PTAR San Fernando property of Empresas Públicas de Medellín (EPM), borrowings from the stumps of Universidad Nacional and Universidad de Antioquia, contributions from the private companies Natural Control and Soluciones Microbiales para el Tropico, environmental colonizer contaminants to the chrome enriched media where also used and some phytopathogens obtained randomly from cacao plantations where also evaluated. The microorganisms selected due to their chrome tolerance where exposed to react under a greenhouse microbiological consortium in plastic pots weighing 2kg. Contrasting soils (Andisol and Inceptisol) and added biosolids (20 Ton Ha-1) of the PTAR San Fernando un presence of a high dose of potassium dichromate equivalent to double of the explored CMI (2.400 mg kg-1). The arbustive bean Phaseolus vulgaris was used as a bioindicator, the whole vegetative and reproductive period was followed for a period of 4 moths during which samples of rizospheric and non rizospheric soil where taken with the purpose of developing metagenomics tests keeping track of the traceability of the added genera and observe potential new genera that haven’t been investigated. The microorganism that demonstrated a higher potential based on their capacity to remove total chrome, reduce hexavalent chrome to trivalent where characterized molecularly at the Universidad de Antioquia and biochemically at the Universidad Nacional using the API protocol and Biolog Microstation ID System. After a confrontation against other researchers at a global level the microorganisms where purified and escalated and then used in bio toxicity tests in order to confirm their corrective capacity in presence and absence of magnesium silicate as a possible neutralizing agent of Chrome in the soil, non-commercial prototypes of Rhizotrones where used to as diagnostic tools. Lettuce Lactuca sativa and lentil Lens culinaris where used as biosensors due to their high sensitivity to trace metals. Finally the bacteria Ochrobactrum antropi, O. intermedium, Bacillus amyloliquefacien, B. cereus, B. megaterium, B. firmus; Staphylococcus saprophyticus and fungus Scedosporium dehoogii, S. boydii, Paecilomyces lilacinus y Trichoderma sp. Where selected as the microorganisms with the highest potential to be used as bio-remediating agents for environments with chrome presence using them as a biofilter in a microbial consortium or in a individual way using them in situ in combination with correctives containing magnesium silicates due to its chrome neutralizing capacity as shown in this study.DoctoradoDoctor en Ecología167 páginasapplication/pdfspaUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede MedellínMedellín - Ciencias Agrarias - Doctorado en EcologíaDepartamento de Ciencias ForestalesFacultad de Ciencias AgrariasMedellínUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellín570 - Biología660 - Ingeniería químicaBioremediaciónBiodegradación del aguaBacterias patogenasBioremediaciónBacterias remediadorasOxido-reducciónBiosólidosMetales PesadosBiosolidsBioremediationHexavalent ChromiumOxide-ReductionRemedial BacteriaRhizotronEstrategias biotecnológicas para evaluar la presencia de cromo en la generación de biosólidos seguros: Posibles alternativas de bioremediaciónBiotechnological strategies to evaluate the presence of chromium in the generation of safe biosolids. 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Accumulation of Chromium in Vetiveria zizanioides Assisted by Earthworm in Contaminated Soil. Advanced Materials Research, 989–994, 1313–1318. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.989-994.1313Generación de Biosólidos SegurosEmpresas Públicas de Medellín EPMORIGINALTesis Doctorado en EcologíaTesis Doctorado en Ecologíaapplication/pdf39831422https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/79588/4/Tesis%20Doctorado%20en%20Ecolog%c3%ada31c166af30af25d3eae4c03153629a26MD54LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-83964https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/79588/3/license.txtcccfe52f796b7c63423298c2d3365fc6MD53THUMBNAILTesis Doctorado en Ecología.jpgTesis Doctorado en Ecología.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg4124https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/79588/5/Tesis%20Doctorado%20en%20Ecolog%c3%ada.jpg0cb3f186c3415dcc678919eec33d7337MD55unal/79588oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/795882024-07-20 23:10:49.96Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de 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