Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas de hidrogeles a base de agarosa, funcionalizados con plasma pobre en plaquetas con potencial uso para la cicatrización de úlceras por presión

Las úlceras por presión (UPP) se producen debido a una presión o cizallamiento constante y excesivo en la piel o tejidos que la componen, lo cual, produce una falta de irrigación que conlleva a lesiones cutáneas que pueden originar infecciones, irritación e incluso necrosis. Los tratamientos actuale...

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Autores:: Acevedo Mendoza, Anderson
Salazar Hernández, Iván Stevens
Silva García, Mariana

Tipo de recurso:: Trabajo de grado de pregrado

Fecha de publicación:: 2022

Institución:: Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNAB

Repositorio:: Repositorio UNAB

Idioma:: spa

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network_acronym_str	UNAB2
network_name_str	Repositorio UNAB
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv	Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas de hidrogeles a base de agarosa, funcionalizados con plasma pobre en plaquetas con potencial uso para la cicatrización de úlceras por presión
dc.title.translated.spa.fl_str_mv	Evaluation of the mechanical properties of agarose-based hydrogels, functionalized with platelet-poor plasma with potential use for the healing of pressure ulcers
title	Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas de hidrogeles a base de agarosa, funcionalizados con plasma pobre en plaquetas con potencial uso para la cicatrización de úlceras por presión
spellingShingle	Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas de hidrogeles a base de agarosa, funcionalizados con plasma pobre en plaquetas con potencial uso para la cicatrización de úlceras por presión Biomedical engineering Engineering Medical electronics Biological physics Bioengineering Medical instruments and apparatus Medicine Biomedical Clinical engineering Hydrogels Agarose Pressure ulcers Platelet poor plasma Mechanical properties Protein release Blood proteins Blood plasma Mechanical properties Polymers Ingeniería biomédica Ingeniería Biofísica Bioingeniería Medicina Biomédica Proteínas de la sangre Plasma sanguíneo Propiedades mecánicas Polímeros Ingeniería clínica Electrónica médica Instrumentos y aparatos médicos Hidrogeles Agarosa Ulceras por presión Plasma pobre en plaquetas Propiedades mecánicas Liberación de proteínas
title_short	Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas de hidrogeles a base de agarosa, funcionalizados con plasma pobre en plaquetas con potencial uso para la cicatrización de úlceras por presión
title_full	Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas de hidrogeles a base de agarosa, funcionalizados con plasma pobre en plaquetas con potencial uso para la cicatrización de úlceras por presión
title_fullStr	Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas de hidrogeles a base de agarosa, funcionalizados con plasma pobre en plaquetas con potencial uso para la cicatrización de úlceras por presión
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas de hidrogeles a base de agarosa, funcionalizados con plasma pobre en plaquetas con potencial uso para la cicatrización de úlceras por presión
title_sort	Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas de hidrogeles a base de agarosa, funcionalizados con plasma pobre en plaquetas con potencial uso para la cicatrización de úlceras por presión
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Acevedo Mendoza, Anderson Salazar Hernández, Iván Stevens Silva García, Mariana
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv	Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena Solarte David, Víctor Alfonso
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Acevedo Mendoza, Anderson Salazar Hernández, Iván Stevens Silva García, Mariana
dc.contributor.cvlac.spa.fl_str_mv	Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena [0001568861] Solarte David, Víctor Alfonso [0001329391]
dc.contributor.googlescholar.spa.fl_str_mv	Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena [5wr21EQAAAAJ]
dc.contributor.orcid.spa.fl_str_mv	Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena [0000-0002-4499-5885] Solarte David, Víctor Alfonso [0000-0002-9856-1484]
dc.contributor.scopus.spa.fl_str_mv	Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena [36522328100]
dc.contributor.scopus.none.fl_str_mv	Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena [36522328100]
dc.contributor.researchgate.spa.fl_str_mv	Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena [Silvia_Becerra-Bayona]
dc.contributor.apolounab.none.fl_str_mv	Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena [silvia-milena-becerra-bayona]
dc.contributor.linkedin.none.fl_str_mv	Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena [silvia-becerra-3174455a]
dc.subject.keywords.spa.fl_str_mv	Biomedical engineering Engineering Medical electronics Biological physics Bioengineering Medical instruments and apparatus Medicine Biomedical Clinical engineering Hydrogels Agarose Pressure ulcers Platelet poor plasma Mechanical properties Protein release Blood proteins Blood plasma Mechanical properties Polymers
topic	Biomedical engineering Engineering Medical electronics Biological physics Bioengineering Medical instruments and apparatus Medicine Biomedical Clinical engineering Hydrogels Agarose Pressure ulcers Platelet poor plasma Mechanical properties Protein release Blood proteins Blood plasma Mechanical properties Polymers Ingeniería biomédica Ingeniería Biofísica Bioingeniería Medicina Biomédica Proteínas de la sangre Plasma sanguíneo Propiedades mecánicas Polímeros Ingeniería clínica Electrónica médica Instrumentos y aparatos médicos Hidrogeles Agarosa Ulceras por presión Plasma pobre en plaquetas Propiedades mecánicas Liberación de proteínas
dc.subject.lemb.spa.fl_str_mv	Ingeniería biomédica Ingeniería Biofísica Bioingeniería Medicina Biomédica Proteínas de la sangre Plasma sanguíneo Propiedades mecánicas Polímeros
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv	Ingeniería clínica Electrónica médica Instrumentos y aparatos médicos Hidrogeles Agarosa Ulceras por presión Plasma pobre en plaquetas Propiedades mecánicas Liberación de proteínas
description	Las úlceras por presión (UPP) se producen debido a una presión o cizallamiento constante y excesivo en la piel o tejidos que la componen, lo cual, produce una falta de irrigación que conlleva a lesiones cutáneas que pueden originar infecciones, irritación e incluso necrosis. Los tratamientos actuales como los apósitos convencionales o avanzados no cumplen con todos los requisitos para permitir la regeneración del tejido, exhibiendo la necesidad de elaborar un apósito apto para proporcionar un ambiente adecuado para la curación de la herida. Por consiguiente, en este proyecto se fabricaron hidrogeles de agarosa funcionalizados con plasma pobre en plaquetas (PPP), debido a que contiene proteínas que desempeñan un papel importante durante las etapas de hemostasia y coagulación, promoviendo la reparación del tejido epitelial y la cicatrización de heridas. Inicialmente, los hidrogeles se fabricaron usando tres concentraciones de agarosa (1, 1.5 y 2%), y tres concentraciones de PPP (25, 50 y 75%); y para cada formulación se realizó su respectiva muestra control. Las propiedades mecánicas como módulo de elasticidad y compresión se evaluaron mediante pruebas de tensión y compresión, mientras que la dinámica de liberación de proteínas se determinó mediante la cuantificación de proteínas usando una curva de estándar de BSA. Adicionalmente, para determinar la viabilidad celular de los hidrogeles fabricados, se realizó un ensayo preliminar de citotoxicidad con células HT1080. Como resultados, el módulo de elasticidad de los hidrogeles de agarosa con PPP osciló entre 0.0084 MPa y 0.0203 MPa, mientras que el módulo de compresión varió entre 0.0628 MPa y 0.2168 MPa. La dinámica de liberación de proteínas determinó que, a mayores concentraciones de PPP en los hidrogeles fabricados, incrementaba la concentración de proteínas presentes en estos. Finalmente, los resultados del ensayo preliminar de citotoxicidad sugirieron que los hidrogeles de agarosa funcionalizados con PPP que se fabricaron bajo la presente metodología, contribuyen de forma limitada con la viabilidad celular.
publishDate	2022
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2022-07-11T16:43:40Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2022-07-11T16:43:40Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2022
dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.local.spa.fl_str_mv	Trabajo de Grado
dc.type.coar.none.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.hasversion.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.redcol.none.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TP
format	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
status_str	acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/16884
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv	instname:Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNAB
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv	reponame:Repositorio Institucional UNAB
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv	repourl:https://repository.unab.edu.co
url	http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/16884
identifier_str_mv	instname:Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNAB reponame:Repositorio Institucional UNAB repourl:https://repository.unab.edu.co
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv	spa
language	spa
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(2020). Mechanical and topographical anisotropy for human skin: Ageing effect. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 103, 103551. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JMBBM.2019.103551 Vedadghavami, A., Minooei, F., Mohammadi, M. H., Khetani, S., Rezaei Kolahchi, A., Mashayekhan, S., & Sanati-Nezhad, A. (2017). Manufacturing of hydrogel biomaterials with controlled mechanical properties for tissue engineering applications. Acta Biomaterialia, 62, 42–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ACTBIO.2017.07.028 Vivcharenko, V., Wojcik, M., Palka, K., & Przekora, A. (2021). Highly Porous and Superabsorbent Biomaterial Made of Marine-Derived Polysaccharides and Ascorbic Acid as an Optimal Dressing for Exuding Wound Management. Materials, 14(5), 1211. https://doi.org/10.3390/MA14051211 Weisel, J. W., & Litvinov, R. I. (2017). Fibrin Formation, Structure and Properties. SubCellular Biochemistry, 82, 405. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49674-0_13 William F, S. (n.d.). Fundamentos de la ciencia e ingenieria de materiales william f. smith . Retrieved May 19, 2022, from https://www.academia.edu/40579960/Fundamentos_de_la_ciencia_e_ingenieria_de_m ateriales_william_f._smith Wong, R., Geyer, S., Weninger, W., Guimberteau, J.-C., & Wong, J. K. (2016). The dynamic anatomy and patterning of skin. Experimental Dermatology, 25(2), 92–98. https://doi.org/10.1111/EXD.12832 Xiong, J. Y., Narayanan, J., Liu, X. Y., Chong, T. K., Chen, S. B., & Chung, T. S. (2005). Topology evolution and gelation mechanism of agarose gel. The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B, 109(12), 5638–5643. https://doi.org/10.1021/JP044473U Zaratkiewicz, S., Goetcheus, H., & Vance, H. (2020). Unstageable Pressure Injuries: Identification, Treatment, and Outcomes Among Critical Care Patients. Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America, 32(4), 543–561. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CNC.2020.08.005 Zarrintaj, P., Manouchehri, S., Ahmadi, Z., Saeb, M. R., Urbanska, A. M., Kaplan, D. L., & Mozafari, M. (2018). Agarose-based biomaterials for tissue engineering. Carbohydrate Polymers, 187, 66–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CARBPOL.2018.01.060 Zeng, Q., Han, Y., Li, H., & Chang, J. (2015). Design of a thermosensitive bioglass/agarose–alginate composite hydrogel for chronic wound healing. Journal of Materials Chemistry B, 3(45), 8856–8864. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TB01758K Zhang, J., Zhang, J., Zhang, N., Li, T., Zhou, X., Jia, J., Liang, Y., Sun, X., & Chen, H. (2020). The Effects of Platelet-Rich and Platelet-Poor Plasma on Biological Characteristics of BM-MSCs In Vitro. Analytical Cellular Pathology (Amsterdam), 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8546231 Zucca, P., Fernandez-Lafuente, R., & Sanjust, E. (2016). Agarose and Its Derivatives as Supports for Enzyme Immobilization. Molecules 2016, Vol. 21, Page 1577, 21(11), 1577. https://doi.org/10.3390/MOLECULES21111577
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spelling	Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milenaf59fde3b-924f-4fcc-96e9-5fd6250b2daeSolarte David, Víctor Alfonso54590e96-eda3-4b43-9ffa-14bd35ed7d08Acevedo Mendoza, Andersonf28e6a5e-6a57-4b08-8f96-6cddbf6a0ba5Salazar Hernández, Iván Stevens00b9fdfe-ee57-431b-a0ad-00c599124de0Silva García, Mariana9e47ce5e-5122-4229-8bd8-5ab65e33ffd8Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena [0001568861]Solarte David, Víctor Alfonso [0001329391]Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena [5wr21EQAAAAJ]Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena [0000-0002-4499-5885]Solarte David, Víctor Alfonso [0000-0002-9856-1484]Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena [36522328100]Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena [36522328100]Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena [Silvia_Becerra-Bayona]Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena [silvia-milena-becerra-bayona]Becerra Bayona, Silvia Milena [silvia-becerra-3174455a]ColombiaUNAB Campus Bucaramanga2022-07-11T16:43:40Z2022-07-11T16:43:40Z2022http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/16884instname:Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNABreponame:Repositorio Institucional UNABrepourl:https://repository.unab.edu.coLas úlceras por presión (UPP) se producen debido a una presión o cizallamiento constante y excesivo en la piel o tejidos que la componen, lo cual, produce una falta de irrigación que conlleva a lesiones cutáneas que pueden originar infecciones, irritación e incluso necrosis. Los tratamientos actuales como los apósitos convencionales o avanzados no cumplen con todos los requisitos para permitir la regeneración del tejido, exhibiendo la necesidad de elaborar un apósito apto para proporcionar un ambiente adecuado para la curación de la herida. Por consiguiente, en este proyecto se fabricaron hidrogeles de agarosa funcionalizados con plasma pobre en plaquetas (PPP), debido a que contiene proteínas que desempeñan un papel importante durante las etapas de hemostasia y coagulación, promoviendo la reparación del tejido epitelial y la cicatrización de heridas. Inicialmente, los hidrogeles se fabricaron usando tres concentraciones de agarosa (1, 1.5 y 2%), y tres concentraciones de PPP (25, 50 y 75%); y para cada formulación se realizó su respectiva muestra control. Las propiedades mecánicas como módulo de elasticidad y compresión se evaluaron mediante pruebas de tensión y compresión, mientras que la dinámica de liberación de proteínas se determinó mediante la cuantificación de proteínas usando una curva de estándar de BSA. Adicionalmente, para determinar la viabilidad celular de los hidrogeles fabricados, se realizó un ensayo preliminar de citotoxicidad con células HT1080. Como resultados, el módulo de elasticidad de los hidrogeles de agarosa con PPP osciló entre 0.0084 MPa y 0.0203 MPa, mientras que el módulo de compresión varió entre 0.0628 MPa y 0.2168 MPa. La dinámica de liberación de proteínas determinó que, a mayores concentraciones de PPP en los hidrogeles fabricados, incrementaba la concentración de proteínas presentes en estos. Finalmente, los resultados del ensayo preliminar de citotoxicidad sugirieron que los hidrogeles de agarosa funcionalizados con PPP que se fabricaron bajo la presente metodología, contribuyen de forma limitada con la viabilidad celular.Capítulo 1. Problema u oportunidad ............................................................................................... 9 1.1 Planteamiento del problema ................................................................................................... 9 1.2 Justificación ........................................................................................................................... 11 1.3 Pregunta problema ................................................................................................................ 12 1.4 Objetivo general .................................................................................................................... 13 1.5 Objetivos específicos ............................................................................................................. 13 Capítulo 2. Marco teórico ............................................................................................................... 14 2.1 La piel y sus propiedades mecánicas ................................................................................... 14 2.2 Úlceras por presión (UPP) .................................................................................................... 16 2.2.1 Características fisiopatológicas de las UPP .................................................................. 16 2.2.2 Proceso de cicatrización de una UPP ............................................................................ 17 2.2.3 Prevenciones y tratamientos de las UPP ...................................................................... 19 2.3 Hidrogeles de agarosa ........................................................................................................... 21 2.4 Factores de Crecimiento ....................................................................................................... 25 2.4.1 Plasma rico en plaquetas (PRP) .................................................................................... 25 2.4.2 Plasma pobre en plaquetas (PPP) ................................................................................. 26 2.5 Formación de hidrogeles de fibrina ..................................................................................... 27 Capítulo 3. Estado del arte ............................................................................................................. 30 Capítulo 4. Metodología .................................................................................................................. 33 4.1 Fabricación de hidrogeles de agarosa funcionalizados con PPP ....................................... 33 4.2 Dinámica de liberación de proteínas ................................................................................... 36 4.3 Caracterización mecánica de los hidrogeles ....................................................................... 38 4.4 Ensayo preliminar de Citotoxicidad .................................................................................... 41 4.5 Análisis estadísticos ............................................................................................................... 43 Capítulo 5. Resultados y Análisis de Resultados .......................................................................... 44 5.1 Resultados .............................................................................................................................. 44 5.1.1 Fabricación de hidrogeles a base de agarosa funcionalizados con PPP .................... 44 5.1.2 Caracterización mecánica de los hidrogeles ................................................................ 47 5.1.3. Dinámica de liberación de proteínas ........................................................................... 61 5.1.4. Ensayo preliminar de citotoxicidad ............................................................................. 70 5.2 Análisis de resultados ............................................................................................................ 72 Capítulo 6. Conclusiones y Recomendaciones .............................................................................. 79 Listado de Referencias .................................................................................................................... 81 Anexos .............................................................................................................................................. 88PregradoPressure ulcers (UPP) occur due to constant and excessive pressure or shear on the skin or tissues that compose it, which produces a lack of irrigation that leads to skin lesions that can cause infections, irritation and even necrosis. Current treatments such as conventional or advanced dressings do not meet all the requirements to allow tissue regeneration, exhibiting the need to elaborate a dressing suitable to provide a suitable environment for wound healing. Therefore, in this project, functionalized agarose hydrogels were manufactured with platelet-poor plasma (PPP), because it contains proteins that play an important role during the hemostasis and coagulation stages, promoting the repair of epithelial tissue and wound healing. Initially, the hydrogels were manufactured using three concentrations of agarose (1, 1.5 and 2%), and three concentrations of PPP (25, 50 and 75%); and for each formulation its respective control sample was performed. Mechanical properties such as modulus of elasticity and compression were assessed by stress and compression tests, while protein release dynamics were determined by quantifying proteins using a BSA standard curve. Additionally, to determine the cell viability of the manufactured hydrogels, a preliminary cytotoxicity test was performed with HT1080 cells. As a result, the modulus of elasticity of agarose hydrogels with PPP ranged from 0.0084 MPa to 0.0203 MPa, while the compression modulus ranged from 0.0628 MPa to 0.2168 MPa. The dynamics of protein release determined that, at higher concentrations of PPP in the manufactured hydrogels, the concentration of proteins present in them increased. Finally, the results of the preliminary cytotoxicity test suggested that PPP-functionalized agarose hydrogels manufactured under the present methodology contribute to cell viability in a limited way.Modalidad Presencialapplication/pdfspahttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/Abierto (Texto Completo)Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombiahttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas de hidrogeles a base de agarosa, funcionalizados con plasma pobre en plaquetas con potencial uso para la cicatrización de úlceras por presiónEvaluation of the mechanical properties of agarose-based hydrogels, functionalized with platelet-poor plasma with potential use for the healing of pressure ulcersIngeniero BiomédicoUniversidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNABFacultad IngenieríaPregrado Ingeniería Biomédicainfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisTrabajo de Gradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1finfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TPBiomedical engineeringEngineeringMedical electronicsBiological physicsBioengineeringMedical instruments and apparatusMedicineBiomedicalClinical engineeringHydrogelsAgarosePressure ulcersPlatelet poor plasmaMechanical propertiesProtein releaseBlood proteinsBlood plasmaMechanical propertiesPolymersIngeniería biomédicaIngenieríaBiofísicaBioingenieríaMedicinaBiomédicaProteínas de la sangrePlasma sanguíneoPropiedades mecánicasPolímerosIngeniería clínicaElectrónica médicaInstrumentos y aparatos médicosHidrogelesAgarosaUlceras por presiónPlasma pobre en plaquetasPropiedades mecánicasLiberación de proteínasAhearne, M., Yang, Y., El Haj, A. J., Then, K. Y., & Liu, K. K. (2005). Characterizing the viscoelastic properties of thin hydrogel-based constructs for tissue engineering applications. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 2(5), 455. https://doi.org/10.1098/RSIF.2005.0065Alam, K., Hasan, A., Iqbal, M., Umer, J., & Piya, S. (2020). Experimental study on the mechanical properties of biological hydrogels of different concentrations. Technology and Health Care, 28(6), 685–695. https://doi.org/10.3233/THC-191984Alven, S., & Aderibigbe, B. A. (2020). Chitosan and Cellulose-Based Hydrogels for Wound Management. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, Vol. 21, Page 9656, 21(24), 9656. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJMS21249656Anitua, E., Prado, R., & Orive, G. (2013). Safety and efficient ex vivo expansion of stem cells using platelet-rich plasma technology. Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.4155/Tde.13.68, 4(9), 1163–1177. https://doi.org/10.4155/TDE.13.68Arnold, M. C. (2003). 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Implementación de la guía de buenas prácticas: valoración del riesgo y prevención de úlceras por presión: experiencia en la Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL). MedUNAB, 19(2), 115–123. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/10031Gaboriau, H. P., & Murakami, C. S. (2001). Skin anatomy and flap physiology. Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, 34(3), 555–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0030-6665(05)70005-0Gallagher, A. J., Anniadh, A. N., Bruyere, K., Otténio, M., Xie, H., & Gilchrist, M. D. (2012). Dynamic Tensile Properties of Human Skin. IRCOBI Conference.García Arciniegas M. C., & Ochoa Pineda J. A. (2018, June 1). CARACTERIZACIÓN Y EVALUACIÓN DE CITOTOXICIDAD DE HIDROGELES PARA POTENCIAL USO COMO ADHESIVO ÓSEO. https://repositorio.uniandes.edu.co/bitstream/handle/1992/40092/u806643.pdf?sequen ce=1González-Consuegra, R. V., Cardona-Mazo, D. M., Murcia-Trujillo, P. A., & Matiz-Vera, G. D. (2014). Prevalencia de úlceras por presión en Colombia: informe preliminar. 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Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas de hidrogeles a base de agarosa, funcionalizados con plasma pobre en plaquetas con potencial uso para la cicatrización de úlceras por presión

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